Gaziantep University Research Articles

İrritabl barsak sendromu: Türkiye’nin güneyinde bir tıp fakültesinde prevalans ve ilişkili faktörler

Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases that reduce people's quality of life and work efficiency. Studies on the prevalence of IBS in Turkey are scarce. This study aims to determine IBS prevalence and related factors among medical students in Gaziantep. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at February 2021. Data were collected from students of Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine via online questionnaire. IBS symptoms were evaluated by using the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. Results: A total of 427 (171 preclinical, 256 clinical) students were examined. The average age of the participants was 22.07 ±2.55 years and 58.1% of them were women. Sixty-nine (16.2%) students had symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of IBS. The IBS prevalence was 16.9% (n=42) among the female students and 15.1% (n=27) among the male students. The prevalence in clinical classes was 19.5% and was significantly higher than preclinical classes (11.1% p=0.021). There was a significant difference between IBS and positive family history OR: 2.57 (95% CI: 1.39-4.75), food intolerance OR: 4.14 (95% CI: 2.36-7.27), frequent sleep problems OR: 2.16 (95% CI: 1.24-3.75), not exercising regularly OR: 1.71 (95% CI: 1.01-2.91). There was not a statistically significant relationship between IBS and income, body mass index, smoking and emotional stress. Conclusion: The general prevalence was 16.2%, and it was 19.5% in clinical classes. The factors of having IBS in family history, food intolerance, sleep problems and not exercising regularly can be associated with the prevalence of IBS.

Amentoflavone, New Hope against SARS-CoV-2: An Outlook through its Scientific Records and an in silico Study

Pharmacognosy Research,2021,13,3,149-157.DOI:10.5530/pres.13.3.7Published:June 2021Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Rajib Hossain, Muhammad Torequl Islam, Pranta Ray, Divya Jain, Abu Saim Mohammad Saikat, Lutfun Nahar, Anupam Das Talukdar, Satyajit Sarker, Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi, Miquel Martorell, Farzad Kobarfard, Natália Cruz-Martins, Khattab Al-Khafaji, Anca Oana Docea, and Daniela Calina Author(s) affiliations:Rajib Hossain1, Muhammad Torequl Islam1, Pranta Ray2, Divya Jain3, Abu Saim Mohammad Saikat4, Lutfun Nahar5, Anupam Das Talukdar6, Satyajit Sarker7, Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi8,9, Miquel Martorell10, Farzad Kobarfard8,11, Natália Cruz-Martins12,13,14, Khattab Al-Khafaji15, Anca Oana Docea16, Daniela Calina17, Javad Sharifi-Rad8,18,* 1Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka, BANGLADESH. 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, CHINA. 3Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, INDIA. 4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, BANGLADESH. 5Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L33AF, England, UK. 6Ethnobotany and Natural product Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar-11, Assam, India. 7School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, England, UK. 8Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRAN. 9Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRAN. 10Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, CHILE. 11Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRAN. 12Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, PORTUGAL. 13Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL. 14Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL. 15Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, TURKEY. 16Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, ROMANIA. 17Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, ROMANIA. 18Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, ECUADOR. Abstract:Background: The plant-derived bioflavonoid amentoflavone has many important biological activities, among them remarkable antiviral effects, even against severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). It inhibits severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) with an IC50 value of 8.3 μM. TMPRSS-2 activity is now thought to be the only factor necessary for cell entry and viral pathogenesis). In comparison, 3CLPRO is needed for COVID-19 replication and maturation during its life cycle. Aim: This study aims to perform an in silico study on amentoflavone activity against structural and non-structural severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLPRO) and human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS-2) proteins. Materials and Methods: Molecular docking studies were carried out using compounds against 3CLPRO and TMPRSS-2 proteins through the Swiss model, Uniport, PROCHECK, Swiss PDB viewer, PyMol, PyRx, and Desmond (Schrödinger package) computerized software. Results: Amentoflavone showed strong interactions -9.5 and -7.4 kcal/mol with 3CLPRO and TMPRSS2 proteins, respectively. In any case, it had higher binding affinities than currently approved antiviral drugs, which are underutilized in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Conclusion: Amentoflavone may be one of the potential leads (drug candidate) to fight human coronavirus, including SARS-CoV-2. Further in vivo studies are needed to support the findings of this study. Keywords:3CLPRO, Amentoflavone, Antiviral potential, COVID-19, Molecular docking, Phenolic compounds, SARS-CoV-2, TMPRSS-2View:PDF (895.99 KB)

Confusion of the Standardization in Craniofacial Soft Tissue Measurements: Frankfort Horizontal Plane or Natural Head Position?

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Mustafa Orhan, MD, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27310, Turkey; E-mail: [email protected] Received 10 February, 2021 Accepted 11 May, 2021 The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Fauna of Ordu (Turkey) Province

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are one of the most populous families of Diptera. In this study, it was aimed to determine the fauna of fruit flies in Ordu province. Adult specimens were collected from the research region in 2016-2017 years. All the specimens were identified by examining their morphological characters in Gaziantep University, Biology Department, Entomology Laboratory. As a result, thirty-three species belonging to 11 genera from three subfamilies were identified. All species are recorded for the first time from Ordu province. Material examined and wing photographs of the species are presented.

The Radiological Evaluation of the Mastoid Process and Its Implications for Surgical Approaches.

Background and objectiveIn various surgical procedures, in approaching the posterior fossa and the posterolateral cranial base, surface markings are used to locate the groove for transverse and sigmoid sinuses, and their junction. Determining these surface landmarks, especially the mastoid bone and its surrounding anatomical formations, is extremely valuable. The purpose of this study was to examine the anatomical features and the relationship between the mastoid process and surrounding structures on cone-beam CT (CBCT) images.MethodsBefore starting this retrospective study, approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Gaziantep University (approval date: 04/12/2019; number: 470). Individuals who consulted the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of Gaziantep University's Faculty of Dentistry between 2015-2018 for any reason and whose CBCT images were taken were included in this study. Frankfort horizontal plane was used for the standardization of the images. Measurements were made on three different sections: coronal, transverse, and sagittal.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 149 females and 98 males; the mean age of the participants was 45.72 ± 17.12 years. It was determined that homogeneity was achieved in terms of data distribution between genders according to age (p=0.777). Additionally, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the genders in all parameters except anterior inclination angle (AIA), and higher values were found in males.ConclusionWe believe that the results obtained from this study may contribute toward decreasing the complication rate and increasing success in surgical procedures, especially with respect to approaching the posterior fossa and the posterolateral cranial base.

Relationship Between Age-Related Postural Hyperkyphosis and Sarcopenia.

Hyperkyphosis is one of the commonly seen disabilities in the elderly. Loss of muscle mass and function is supposed to be related to age-related hyperkyphosis. We aimed to explain the relationship between sarcopenia and hyperkyphosis in old patients in this study. 142 patients who were in the polyclinic of geriatrics of Gaziantep University Hospital were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Hyperkyphotic patients were included in the study group, and non-hyperkyphotic patients were included in the control group by experienced staff. Their mean age was 72±6.9. Thirty-six of them were male, and 106 of them were female. The EWGSOP 2 criteria were used for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. SARC-F (sluggishness, assistance in walking, rising from a chair, climb stairs, falls) test was performed on all patients. The handgrip test was applied to patients who had a score ≥4 from SARC-F. We conducted bioimpedance analysis of the probable sarcopenic patients who were diagnosed with handgrip assessment. Four-meter gait speed test, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and Tinetti Test were applied to all patients to evaluate gait speed. Hyperkyphosis was evaluated with the bloc method in the Rancho Bernardo Study. Numbers of the blocks used for keeping patients in a neutral position were recorded. We defined hyperkyphosis as the state in that one or more blocks are needed to maintain the patient's neutral position on the radiology table. Hyperkyphosis was positively related to lower extremity dysfunction which was assessed by 4-m-gait speed test (p=0.018) and TUG (p=0.042). A significant relationship between gait speed and hyperkyphosis was revealed when evaluated with one-way MANOVA (F [5,92] =2.588, p=0.031, Wilk's Λ=0.877, partial η2=0.123). We found a significant relationship between TUG and the number of blocks needed to restore neutral position by linear regression analyses (r2 =0.059, p=0.044). We found a cut-off value of gait speed as 0.65 m/s for the presence of hyperkyphosis (sensitivity:60%, specificity:70%, CI=95%, p<0.001, AUC=0.710). Tinetti balance, gait and total test scores were also negatively related to hyperkyphosis (p=0.006; 0,027; 0.031). In previous studies, vertebral compression fractures, degenerative disc disease, weakness of back extensor muscles and genetic predisposition were suggested as predisposing factors for age-related kyperkyphosis. Different from these in our study, lower extremity muscle function was found to be related to age-related hyperkyphosis. More studies on this subject could be helpful. Hyperkifosis prognosis in severe sarcopenic groups might be a new research topic.

INVESTIGATION OF THE MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE AREAS OF STUDENTS INTRODUCING THE SPECIAL TALENT EXAMINATION FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

This study is a descriptive study meant to examine the multiple intelligence areas of students who enter the Higher Education Institution with a special talent exam. The research was conducted using the scanning model. The population of the research consists of students who have been placed in Gaziantep University Faculty of Sports Sciences, Turkish Music and State Conservatory and Fine Arts Faculty for the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 academic years with a special talent exam. The sample group consists of 408 (240 male, 168 female) students selected randomly (Sports Sciences 180, Conservatory 100, Fine Arts 128) In order to collect data in the study, “Self-Assessment Inventory in Multiple Intelligence Domains”, developed by Gardner (1993) and translated into Turkish by Saban (2001), was used. SPSS 20.0 (Statistical Packet for the Social Science) package program was used for statistical analysis of the data collected within the framework of the purpose of the research. In the evaluation of general information about students, frequency (f) and percentage (%), mean (X) and standard deviation (Ss) values were calculated. Independent sample t-test and One Way Anova tests were used for comparisons between groups, Pearson correlation analysis was used for the relationships between age groups and intelligence types, and the significance level was accepted as p= 0.05. According to the results of our research, it has been seen that the students who won higher education with a special talent exam have different intelligence areas according to gender, age, department, income status variables and these intelligence areas develop at different levels. Social, environmental, economic, etc. of these intelligence areas. considered to be affected by the circumstances. It is necessary to evaluate the theory of multiple intelligences not only as a theory of intelligence, but as a philosophy of education and training. It is also important for individuals to be aware of their own intelligence areas in terms of their role in the learning environment.&#x0D; &#x0D; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0774/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Surgical Treatment in Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Single-Center Experience and Survival.

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with different stages of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) who underwent surgical treatment. This retrospective study consisted of 13 patients with SCLC at a tertiary care health center. This study was conducted between 2011 and 2018 at Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Thoracic Surgery Department. Patient follow-up data were collected from medical files. Patients were analyzed according to age, sex, site of resection, clinical stage, pathological stage, recurrence, operation type, chemotherapy, radiotherapy. The study group consisted of 3 females and 10 males (n = 13). The mean age of the patients was 65 ± 9.3 (52-85) years. The most common location of the primary tumor was the right upper lobe (6 patients, 46.2%). The mean tumor size was 4.36 ± 2.38 cm (1-8.5). In our study, 3 patients had already metastases (2 brain and 1 had metastases in more than 2 anatomic sites). Patients with solitary metastases, who underwent lung resection and metastasis excision had similar survival according to patients without metastases. Our results show that surgical treatment in SCLC could be contributed to the survival of patients. Therefore, patients must be given a chance for surgery, especially considering that the advances in diagnostic and surgical capabilities have increased the likelihood of early diagnosis and effective surgery.

Preface

The issue of environment and sustainable development demands the mobilization of all the actors to become a common community issue to develop an environmental culture, adopt prospects and visions on sustainable development, measure the interconnectedness between environmental sciences, and evaluate their relationship to sustainable development. The Environment Research Centre – University of Technology, has been actively involved in organizing scientific activities and events that contribute to environmental sustainability. In this context, the "Fifth International Scientific Conference on Environment and Sustainable Development" will be organized in cooperation with Gaziantep University, Turkey, and in collaboration with many Iraqi, governmental and private, universities and foundations.List of Conference Vision, Aims and Objectives, Conference Topics, 5ISCESD 2021 - Committees, Scientific Committee are available in this Pdf.

Hematological Findings in Children with Serum Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Aim: Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA synthesis and hematopoiesis, and its severe deficiency not only causes anemia, but may also result in thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. In this study, we analysed the relationship between hematological status and vitamin B12 deficiency and draw attention to this issue. Material and Method: The data gathered from our institute Gaziantep University Hospital outpatient clinics electronic database. Six hundred forty children were evaluated. The inclusion criteria were child patients with less than 200 ng/l vitamin B12 levels. Results: Four hundred seventy-seven patients (74.5%) had no hematological abnormalities. Anemia was detected in 99 patients (15.5 %), two patients (0.3%) had a Hb-level &amp;lt; 7 g/dl, anemia without macrocytosis in 91 (14.2 %), anemia with macrocytosis in 8 (1.3 %), leucopenia in 8 (1.3 %), neutropenia in 22 (3.4 %), lymphopenia in 9 (1.4 %), thrombocytopenia in 6 (0.9 %), and pancytopenia in 3 patients (0.4 %). An examination of the correlation, there were no correlations between vitamin B12 levels and hematological parameters. Conclusion: Our results showed that hematological abnormalities were detected in only 25.5% of patients with Vitamin B12 deficiency, and anemia and neutropenia were the most common hematological abnormalities. In addition, serum vitamin B12 levels were not significantly correlated with the complete blood count parameters.

Characteristics of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Consultations at a University Hospital and Accuracy Rates of Recognition of Childhood Psychiatric Diseases by Nonpsychiatry Specialists

Objective: Physical and mental health are closely related. Psychiatric problems increase in the presence of a physical illness. Consultation liaison psychiatry provides a combination of medical treatment, psychiatric treatment, and psychosocial care to patients when necessary. In this study, we aimed to examine the consultation-liaison services provided by the child and adolescent psychiatry department of a university hospital within two years and to examine the accuracy rates of recognition of childhood psychiatric diseases nonpsychiatry specialists.Methods: Consultations for pediatric patients from other clinics were screened retrospectively at Gaziantep University Hospital between January 1st, 2018, and December 31st, 2019. Data relating to the departments requesting a consultation, reasons for consultation, diagnoses made by children and adolescent psychiatrists, and psychiatric treatments were evaluated.Results: A child and adolescent psychiatry consultations were requested for 290 children over a two-year period. The average age of the cases for whom consultation was requested was 12.1, and 61% of the cases were female. The most common reason for consultation was suicide attempts (26.6%). The most common mental disorder was depression (19%), while the most common intervention was psychoeducation (48.9%). The disorders with the highest diagnostic accuracy were delirium (100%), autism (100%), substance use disorders (80%), and mental disability (70%), while the disorders with the lowest diagnostic accuracy were psychotic disorder (0%), depression (%18,2) and anxiety disorder (22.2%).Conclusion: Mental disorders are common in children with physical illnesses, but the rate of correct recognition of childhood mental disorders by other physicians is low. The high rates of psychiatric disorders highlight the importance of educating physicians that work with children about childhood mental problems and cooperation between child psychiatrists and other physicians.

Radiologic evaluation of the fossa navicularis: incidence, morphometric features, and clinical implications.

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and morphometric and morphological characteristics of fossa navicularis (FN) on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of healthy adults MATERIALS AND METHODS: CBCT images of 900 individuals (450 males, 450 females, over the age of 18) admitted to Gaziantep University, Dentistry Faculty were retrospectively examined. The incidence and shape of FN were determined. Transverse diameter (TDFN), sagittal diameter (SDFN), depth in transverse section (DFNT), depth in sagittal section (DFNS), and the shortest distance between the deepest point of FN and intracranial cavity (FNI) were measured. FN was detected in 122 (59 males and 63 females) of 900 (13.56%) CBCT images. No statistically significant difference was observed between gender and the incidence of FN. SDFN, TDFN, DFNS, DFNT and FNI were measured as 4.04 ± 1.71, 4.28 ± 1.34, 1.79 ± 0.68, 2.34 ± 0.85, and 6.76 ± 2.23mm, respectively. Besides, FN was described as oval in 95 of 122 (77.87%) cases, while as round in 27 (22.23%) cases. The incidence of FN is rare; however, it may be responsible for serious consequences by causing infections from the nasopharynx to the intracranial cavity. As far as we know, the distance between the deepest point of FN and the intracranial cavity was measured for the first time in the literature with this study.

Amniotic fluid microbiome in asymptomatic pregnants at second trimester

Aim: The purpose of this prospective cohort study is to evaluate the possible microbiome of the amniotic cavity in the second trimester in asymptomatic pregnant women by the culture-based technique. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in Gaziantep University Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between October 2017 and November 2019. 100 pregnant women who had amniocentesis for genetic screening in the fetus, and who had no complaints or clinical symptoms of vaginal or chorioamnionitis infection, were included in the study. While culture tests were performed by using the amniotic fluids of these pregnant women, glucose and leukocyte levels of their amniotic fluids were also measured. At the same time, culture and gram staining analyses were performed by collecting vaginal swab specimens from the patients. Results: 12 patients (12%, 95% confidence interval, 0 to 41%) had positive amniotic fluid culture results. The most observed bacteria were E. coli (5%). No findings of clinical infection were observed in the patients with positive amniotic fluid culture results. These patients delivered healthy babies with no complications. Conclusion: The amniotic fluid has its own microbiome, and the vaginal flora plays a role in the formation of this microbiome. This is a preliminary study; therefore, larger studies and targeted broad range molecular methods are needed to find the variety of the possible flora of the amniotic fluid.

Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının WEB 2.0 Araçlarının Kullanımıyla İlgili Görüşleri

Geride bırakılan yakın geçmişte gerek ülkemizde ve gerekse tüm dünyada uzaktan eğitimin bir zorunluluk olarak başladığı tecrübe edilmiştir. Bu sürecin olumlu ve olumsuz tarafları olmuş ve en çok görevin öğretmenlere düştüğü görülmüştür. Müstakbel öğretmenler olarak 21. yüzyıl öğrencilerini şekillendirecek günümüz öğrencilerinin Web 2.0 araçlarını ne kadar bildiği ve ne kadar kullandığı geleceğin eğitim sisteminde daha büyük öneme sahip olacaktır. Bir öğretmen bu araçların kullanımına ne kadar vakıfsa ve onları kullanmak hususunda ne kadar mahirse, mesleğinde de o kadar başarılı sayılacağı bir döneme girilmektedir. Araştırmada, Türkiye genelinde bir sonuca ulaşabilmek için 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Türkiye’nin 7 bölgesinde yer alan 9 farklı üniversitenin Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Eğitimi Ana Bilim dalında lisans düzeyinde 1, 2, 3 ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 149 Türkçe öğretmeni adayından google form aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında gönüllülük esası ile 149 öğretmen adayının ankete katılımı sağlanmış ve toplanan veriler içerik analizi ile yorumlanmıştır. Bu üniversiteler şöyledir: 1. Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi, 2. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, 3. Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, 4. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, 5. Gaziantep Üniversitesi, 6. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi, 7. Konya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, 8. Trabzon Üniversitesi, 9. Uşak Üniversitesi. Sonuçlara bakıldığında öğretmen adaylarının, web 2.0 araçlarının bazılarını bildiği, bazılarını ise hiç duymadığı; bazılarını kullandığı, bazılarını ise hiç kullanmadığı görülmüştür. En çok bilinenler: Zoom (55), Google Dokümanlar (48), Edmodo (31), Kahoot (28), Google Classroom (26), Prezi (24), Google Forms (22), Google Hangout (21), Blogger (17), Duolingo (16) dur. Bu araçların bir kısmının çok biliniyor olması; geride bırakılan pandemi döneminde gerçekleştirilen uzaktan eğitimde kullanılmasından dolayı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Geneli düşünüldüğünde, geleceğin eğitim sisteminde büyük rol oynayacak olan bu araçların öğretmen adayları tarafından pek bilinmediği tespit edilmiştir.

The variations and degenerative changes of sacroiliac joints in asymptomatic adults.

The sacroiliac joint has a structure in which the direction of the load relative to the articular surface is irrational, as the joint surface is not perpendicular to the trunk load axis; it is likely to incur more degenerative changes than other weight-bearing joints. This retrospective study consisted of a total of 145 cases - 104 (71.7%) men and 41 (28.3%) women - who were referred to Gaziantep University Medical Faculty Radiology Department Polyclinic for pelvic computed tomography (CT) from 2013 to 2018. The mean age was 33.5 years (range: 18-60 years). Pelvis CT images were performed according to the exclusion criteria specified by the experienced orthopaedic surgeon. Patients were excluded from the study if they were younger than the age of 18, had a condition involving the sacroiliac joint, had an endocrine disorder, or had a history of a trauma affecting the pelvis CT examination. In this current study, six types of anatomic variations were detected. Iliosacral complex variation has been determined as the most common type of variation. The incidence of variations of sacroiliac joint in all cases was 28.9%. Degenerative changes were seen in 5.5% of patients fewer than 30 years of age. When it comes to the patients whose age range is 30-60, the percentage of the degenerative changes is 12.4%. In patients who were 30 years and older, the prevalence of degenerative changes increased progressively with increasing age. In this study, it is thought that the knowledge of variations in normal population and degenerative changes will contribute to the better understanding of normal morphological structure of sacroiliac joint and to the anatomical literature. It's seen that there is not a statistically significant relationship between degenerative changes and anatomical variations.

Design and multichannel electromyography system-based neural network control of a low-cost myoelectric prosthesis hand

Abstract. This study introduces a new control method for electromyography (EMG) in a prosthetic hand application with a practical design of the whole system. The hand is controlled by a motor (which regulates a significant part of the hand movement) and a microcontroller board, which is responsible for receiving and analyzing signals acquired by a Myoware muscle device. The Myoware device accepts muscle signals and sends them to the controller. The controller interprets the received signals based on the designed artificial neural network. In this design, the muscle signals are read and saved in a MATLAB system file. After neural network program processing by MATLAB, they are then applied online to the prosthetic hand. The obtained signal, i.e., electromyogram, is programmed to control the motion of the prosthetic hand with similar behavior to a real human hand. The designed system is tested on seven individuals at Gaziantep University. Due to the sufficient signal of the Mayo armband compared to Myoware sensors, Mayo armband muscle is applied in the proposed system. The discussed results have been shown to be satisfactory in the final proposed system. This system was a feasible, useful, and cost-effective solution for the handless or amputated individuals. They have used the system in their day-to-day activities that allowed them to move freely, easily, and comfortably.

Comparing two different lidocaine concentrations in addition to the tourniquet application to incorporate in the Intravenous Regional Anesthesia (IVRA) Method for reducing the total amount of local anesthetic in hand and wrist surgeries: A randomized cohort study

Objective: Modified approaches are emphasized to make the traditional IVRA method more reliable and effective. We aimed to compare two different concentrations used with temporary tourniquet application in addition to the IVRA method for reducing local anesthetics amount in hand and wrist surgeries. Material and methods: After the approval of Gaziantep University Ethics Committee had been obtained, observation forms of patients with ASA physical score I-II who had undergone elective orthopedic upper extremity surgery were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the concentration of 150 mg of lidocaine in saline. The patients were administered 150 mg lidocaine in 15 ml (Group 15, n:29) and 20 ml (Group 20, n:26) saline. Patients were enrolled into groups in a random and a blind fashion, and after the exclusion criteria were assessed, twenty patients from each group were evaluated. Demographic data, the classification of operation time, the peri-operative follow-up values, the sedoanelgesia consumption needs and the postoperative patient satisfaction scores were compared. Results: Demographic data were similar in both groups. The tourniquet time was 40.75±14.71 minutes in Group 15 and 38.25±9.77 minutes in Group 20 (p=0.531). Sedation start time was 23.18±9.02 in Group 15 (n=11) and 26.53±6.57 minutes in Group 20 (n=13) (p=0.304). Tourniquet pain time was 46.66±2.88 in group 15 (n=3) and 50.00±7.07 minutes in group 20 (n=2) (p=0.624). No statistically significant difference was found between the all-time classifications, hemodynamic values, peri-operative sedoanalgesia consumptions, and the patient satisfaction scores between the groups (p>0,05). A continuous increase in sedoanalgesic consumption amount​​ with time was observed. None of the patients had signs of local anesthetic toxicity. Conclusion: We suppose that the plasticity inherent to the IVRA may be optimized by alternative adaptations to be used for decreasing the amount of local anesthetic to safer levels and for reducing the risk of related side effects.

Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Adaptation of Dental Environmental Stress Scale: A Methodological Study

Aim: This paper aims to develop the Turkish version of the dental environmental stress (DES) scale that can evaluate perceived DES in Turkish dental students. Materials and Methods: A methodological study was conducted to adapt the DES scale to Turkish language in Gaziantep University, Faculty of Dentistry. The study group consisted of 392 students in the academic year 2018/19. The students were surveyed using the DES scale, translated into Turkish language. The demographic characteristics were analyzed by using descriptive statistical analyses. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity were employed to evaluate the suitability of the dataset. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess construct validity. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 was used to predict the power of the scale. In reliability analysis, the instrument’s internal consistency and corrected item-total correlation, Cronbach’s α reliability were studied. Results: Content Validity Index of the scale items was found to have a high validity range of 0.97. Two items with an estimate value less than 0.4 were excluded and 30 items yielded five factor. Five factors having eigenvalues greater than 1.0 explained 52.299% of the total variance. Each factor showed adequate internal consistency. Factor loadings ranged from 0.46 to 0.77. In the concurrent validity, significant positive relationship was found between DASS-21 and Turkish DES. Conclusion: According to psychometric properties, the Turkish version of the DES presented good results, thus it could be a valid instrument to assess the perceived stress in Turkish dental students.

The examination of pedagogical formation education certificate program students’ perceptions regarding education and ideal education through metaphors

The aim of this research is to reveal the perceptions of pedagogical formation certificate program students about education and ideal education concepts through metaphors. In this research, the phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used. The study group consisted of 98 pedagogical formation certificate program students studying at Nizip Education Faculty of Gaziantep University in 2018-2019 academic year. The data of the study was collected through a structured interview form prepared by the researchers. The data obtained was transferred to computer media and analyzed by content analysis. The participants presented 69 different metaphors about the concept of education. Among these metaphors; tree, book, life and horse racing metaphors were used the most. Metaphors for the concept of education are grouped under 11 conceptual categories. Eight of these categories have positive features, while three have negative features. 74 different metaphors were put forward by the participants about the ideal education. Among these metaphors; life, sapling, book and playground metaphors were used the most, respectively. Metaphors for the concept of ideal education were gathered under 11 conceptual categories.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on medication adherence in psychiatric disorders

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions taken on the medication, thus treatment adherence of patients with psychiatric disorders. A semi-structured form prepared by the authors and the Morisky treatment adherence scale were applied to the patients who were regularly followed up in Gaziantep University Medical Faculty Psychiatry outpatient clinic for 6 months before March 11, 2020, which was the first date of the COVID-19 case in Turkey and who visited the outpatient clinic for follow-up after the pandemic. 206 patients who met the study criteria were evaluated. Of these patients, it was found that 29 (14.1%) had their medication adherence impaired due to non-pandemic reasons. Analysis was performed with the remaining 177 patients. The average age of patients was 41.73 ± 13.48. According to the general characteristics of the participants, 117 were women and 60 men. With regard to the treatment adherence rates, 69 patients (39%) were not affected by the pandemic in which treatment adherence was high, 46 (26%) had moderate treatment adherence, and 62 (35%) showed poor treatment adherence. The comparison of patients in terms of treatment adherence according to their diagnosis revealed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.100). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the medication (treatment) adherence of patients with psychiatric disorders who were on treatment before the pandemic. Studies with large samples are warranted to better understand the effect of the pandemic on treatment adherence.