UNESP Research Articles

Surgeon experience affects perioperative pain in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy: a randomized clinical trial.

This study aimed to compare the outcomes between surgeries performed by either experienced or inexperienced surgeons by assessing intraoperative nociception and perioperative analgesia. 16 healthy, client-owned female cats were randomly allocated into 2 groups of 8: one undergoing surgery by an experienced surgeon (GES group) and the other by inexperienced surgeons (GIS group). Both groups received IM premedication with acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) and methadone (0.3 mg/kg). After 20 minutes, venipuncture and induction with propofol (dose-response, IV) were performed. Maintenance was achieved with inhaled isoflurane. Intraoperative vital parameters were monitored, and fentanyl (2.5 µg/kg, IV) was administered as rescue analgesia when needed. Postoperatively, pain was assessed with a visual analog scale and the multidimensional pain scale of the Universidade Estadual Paulista in Botucatu; morphine (0.2 mg/kg, IM) was used for rescue analgesia, as necessary. In the GIS group, significant increases in heart rate and systolic blood pressure were noted during surgery, especially during pedicle clamping. Respiratory rate and end-tidal isoflurane levels were higher in the GIS group at specific surgical stages. Survival analysis indicated that the GIS group had a greater need for fentanyl. Postoperative pain scores were generally low, but a higher proportion of GIS cats required rescue analgesia. Surgeon experience influences intraoperative parameters and fentanyl consumption. Inexperienced surgeons contribute to increased postoperative pain and poorer wound healing outcomes in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Ovariohysterectomy is a common procedure in veterinary practice, and surgical expertise significantly impacts pain management and recovery. Yet, its effects have been underexplored, potentially compromising animal welfare.

Bibliometric analysis of occupational exposure in operating room from 1973 to 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to identify and visualize from different perspectives the topic on occupational exposure in operating room (OEOR).MethodsIn the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), all the half-century data were retrieved from January 1st, 1973 to December 31st, 2022. CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Excel 2019 were employed to analyze and visualize data, based on publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, keywords.ResultA total of 336 journal papers were found. The increase of publications virtually started in 1991, peaked in 2020 and has been slowing down ever since. USA played most significant part among all the 49 countries/regions, while Universidade Estadual Paulista out of 499 institutions published the most papers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health bears the most documents and citations in all the 219 retrieved journals. There are 1847 authors found, among whom Hoerauf K is the most influential one. "Occupational exposure”, “nitrous oxide” and “operating room personnel” are the top 3 co-occurrences keywords.ConclusionThe trend in the field lies in “anaesthetic gas”, “blood borne pathogen”, “radiation” and “aerosol”, while “surgical smoke” and “occupational safety” are the recently researching hot spots in this study. Accurate recognize and effective protection are always essential subjects for researchers.

Bibliometric Mapping of the Scientific Production of Lasers in Endodontics: Collaborative Networks, Impact, and Trends

Abstract Aim: The objective of this study is to perform a bibliometric mapping of the scientific production of lasers in endodontics using collaborative networks, impact, and trends. Materials and Methods: This retrospective and descriptive study used a bibliometric design to analyze laser use in endodontics in Scopus from 2018 to 2024. In total, 877 documents were identified using key terms and MeSH. Bibliometric indicators were used to explore scientific activity and impact, and VOSviewer was used for data analysis. Results: It was found that the year with the highest number of publications was 2023, with 166, and the quartiles with the highest productivity were Q1 (40.3%) and Q2 (31.1%). Among the top 5 countries with the highest publications production, Brazil led the group with 125, followed by India (111). Among the institutions with the highest production, the Universidade de São Paulo tops the list with 51 research papers, closely followed by the Tehran University of Medical Sciences with 32 and the Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho with 30. Among the most outstanding authors, we have Chiniforush Nasim, who has 20 papers; however, Duarte Marco has an h-index of 48, and Sivieri-Araújo Gustavo has the highest number of citations. Conclusion: This bibliometric mapping reaffirmed the vision and trends of lasers in endodontics, with 2023 being the most relevant in terms of scientific production and, among the countries with the highest number of publications, Brazil stood out.

Finite element analysis in the Dental Sciences: A Bibliometric and a Visual Study

Introduction and aimsFinite element analysis (FEA) is an incrementally practical and precise tool for the prediction of stress effects on different tissue structures and has therefore interested dental researchers for decades. This bibliometric and visualized study was aimed to assess the research progress related to FEA in the dental sciences in terms of research trends and frontiers. MethodsThe articles about FEA studies in this field during 1999 to 2024 were obtained from Web of Science Core Collection. Then, these results were analysed and plotted using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace in order to find out the historical evolution, current hotspots, and future directions. ResultsTotal 2838 literature records related to the topic were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection. The most active country and institution were USA (538 documents) and Universidade Estadual Paulista (140 documents), respectively. Baggi et al from University of Naples Federico II was the author with the most highly cited article (352 citations), which was published on the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry in 2008. Dental Materials ranked first (231 documents) among the 10 journals with the greatest numbers of relevant publications. The top three trending keywords were ‘dental implant’, ‘stress distribution’, and ‘fracture’. The endocrown, clear aligner, and posterior edentulism were scientific frontiers in this field. ConclusionThe present study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research in the dental science by FEA approaches, which will identify active hotspots of scientific interest to guide further research endeavours.

Walking and expressing the city collectively, a teaching-learning experience in the Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism

The article experiments with methodologies for apprehending and cognizing city spaces. It shares the development of a discipline in the Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism at Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) with the theoretical-methodological discussion complemented by the practice of Wandering and Cartography in a common space in the neighborhood of Vila Colonial in the city of Bauru, SP. It distances itself from the traditional representational methods of reading the city and approaches to those that express the subjective city, the traversal through the affections of bodies and environments in order to make existential territories visible and thus think about and build a city for and with the people who inhabit the place. In this methodological procedure of wandering, it recognizes the resistance to the functionalist and productivist city and expresses, through affective cartographies, which are still in the process of construction, a visual language, as a research tool that makes it possible to report on the real city.

Antennal ultrastructure of three species of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

This study describes the antennal ultrastructure in Cyclocephala forsteri Endrodi, 1963, Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775) and Cyclocephala tucumana Brethes, 1904 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Adult of Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821 specimens were collected using a light trap placed near a pasture area, segregated by gender, based on male-specific dilated pre-tarsomeres and preserved in 70% alcohol. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the antenna lamellae were obtained from ten specimens at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil. We identified trichoid, chaetic, placoid, coeloconic, basiconic sensilla, and pores in antenna of all the species. Placoid sensilla were prevalent in the antennal lamellae. The antennae of C. forsteri females had 5,457 sensilla, of which 5,327 (97.62%) were placoid, 123 (2.25%) coeloconic, and seven (0.13%) basiconic, while the antennae of males showed 5,351 sensilla, with 5,238 (97.89%) being placoid, 100 (1.87%) coeloconic, and 13 (0.24%) basiconic. The antennae of C. melanocephala females presented 6,814 sensilla, with 6,581 (96.58%) being placoid, 231 (3.39%) coeloconic, and two (0.03%) basiconic; while those of males had 6,333 sensilla, with 6,023 (95.11%) being placoid and 310 (4.89%) coeloconic. Finally, the antennae of C. tucumana females had 1,981 sensilla, with 1,845 (93.13%) being placoid, 127 (6.42%) coeloconic, and nine (0.45%) basiconic; while the antennae of males had 3,756 sensilla, with 3,656 (97.34%) being placoid, 99 (2.64%) coeloconic, and one (0.02%) basiconic. Overall, adults of C. melanocephala and C. tucumana presented dimorphism in the antennal sensilla.

Preserving a Legacy: Ensuring the Access and Conservation of the Harold (Harry) G. Fowler (19502018) Ant Collection and Data.

Biological collections are important repositories of biodiversity, as they include various types of data potentially useful to different areas of science and can contribute to the establishment of biodiversity conservation policies. For a long time, scientific collections were considered only as physical databases; in this context Harold G. Fowler (19502018) built an ant collection at the Universidade Estadual Paulista, campus Rio Claro (So Paulo state, Brazil), over the course of a 34-year career, comprising around 20,000 ant specimens. Most specimens came from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, but many others came from distinct locations in Brazil and abroad. After his death, the collection was left without the necessary curatorial care for a period of time, which required a project to be conceived for its recovery and conservation, with the goal of incorporating it to the Zoology Museum of the University of So Paulo (MZSP). In addition to applying modern technical curation protocols, other activities such as checking, material identification and digitization of the information contained on the sample labels were carried out, forming an accurate database. This process enabled the identification of new distribution records and the discovery of possible undescribed species and unpublished natural history data. After validating this information, we counted 524 valid species and 201 morphospecies belonging to 105 genera and 10 subfamilies. In addition, we integrated technical curation activities with scientific outreach to draw the general publics attention to the importance of biological collections, thus fostering interest in science, biodiversity and nature conservation. Our work highlights the importance of preserving the areas sampled by Fowlers research group. The preservation of vouchers using curatorial practices reinforces the role of scientific collections as important tools for the study, understanding and preservation of biodiversity.

Leaf nutritional contents of the lychee tree in different phenological stages

The lychee tree (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) still needs adequate nutritional management and fertilization recommendations in Brazil. An adequate supply of nutrients for the lychee tree is the main requirement contributing to higher-quality fruit production. This work aimed to evaluate nutrient leaf contents in the phenological stages of the “Bengal” lychee tree. The experiment was conducted with the “Bengal” cultivar in the period corresponding to the years 2019–2022 at the São Manuel Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP). The investigation collected leaf samples the plant’s four phenological stages. It evaluated the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc. The design was completely randomized, conducted in split plots (4 × 3), stage × cycle, with 10 repetitions. The plots represented phenological stages: full flowering (FF), fruit maturity (FM), 40 days after harvest (PC), and vegetative phase (VP). The subplots represented the evaluation cycles: cycle 1 (2019/2020 harvest), cycle 2 (2020/2021 harvest), and cycle 3 (2021/2022 harvest). There were climatic differences between the three evaluation cycles (years); the most significant water deficit was in 2020. There was a difference in nutrient content between production cycles and lychee tree phenological stages. The average contents in the leaves, at the different sampling times, followed the macronutrient order N > K>Mg > Ca > P>S, and Mn > Fe > B>Zn > Cu for the micronutrients.

Role of biodentine in endodontics: a bibliometric and scientometric analysis

Objective. Vital Pulp therapy using Biodentine has advanced, introducing and allowing new procedures and treatments, hence medical education should focus on research and publication. The aim of the study was to perform a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the literature on the role of biodentine in endodontics from 2013 to 2023.
 Methodology: A bibliometric and scientometric quantitative study formed the basis of the methodology. Scientific production indicators were generated from 87 documents selected from Scopus using English keywords ("Biodentine", "Endodontic").
 Results: Since 2016, the number of papers published on this topic increased (69%), indicating a growing interest towards this material. Brazil is the country with the highest scientific interest (19%), and the Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho with the most publications (n=9). The International Endodontic Journal received 344 citations, Tanomaru-Filho M. (n=6) being the most cited.
 Conclusion: It is concluded that the role of biodentine in endodontics has grown not only in production and authorship, but also in scope and medical research, incorporating these resources in various scenarios and clinical settings.

Twenty years of law 10.639

This text presents an analysis of a collection of Mathematics textbooks, carried out for the discipline “Analysis of Mathematics Books and Teaching Materials”, taught in the Graduate Program in Mathematics Education at the Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”. Inspired by the methodology of vertical and horizontal analysis of textbooks, this work aims to understand in what ways the law 10.639/2003 is effective in textbooks that satisfy the demands of the New High School and the BNCC – Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Presenting the historical movements of black populations, mainly the Brazilian one, the text is inspired by the two decades of that law to conduct the analysis criteria and seek to understand in what ways the analyzed collection acts in the constitution of the mathematical identity of black students. At the end of the analysis, it is observed that the law is barely complied with, speaking through erasures and without delving into important points about racial discussions. It is concluded that changes are necessary for compliance with the law to produce positive effects on the constitution of mathematical identities of black subjects.

QUINZE ANOS DO LABORATÓRIO DE PALEONTOLOGIA DE MACROINVERTEBRADOS (LAPALMA) DA UNESP/BAURU: PRINCÍPIO, ESTABILIDADE E CONTRIBUIÇÕES À PALEONTOLOGIA NACIONAL

Fifteen years of the Macroinvertebrate Paleontology Laboratory (LAPALMA) at Unesp/Bauru: principle, stability, and contributions to national paleontology. The Macroinvertebrate Paleontology Laboratory (LAPALMA) celebrates its 15th anniversary in 2022, and since then has been actively contributing to the development of Brazilian paleontology. Founded by Prof. Dr. Renato Pirani Ghilardi at Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) on the Bauru campus, with Actuopaleontology and the study of Paleoinvertebrates (Taxonomy, Taphonomy and Paleobiogeography) as the main lines of research. LAPALMA’s productivity has been growing exponentially, as well as participation in scientific events (PALEOs, Symposiums, Congresses, etc.). Finally, since 2007, the Laboratory has been developing several field works, which allow the construction of a scientific collection of extreme importance for the studies on paleoinvertebrates, mainly the Devonians. Keywords: Historical paleontology, scientometry, paleoinvertebrates, museology.

Social and cultural inequalities in the dropout student profile: the case of entrants prior to the quota policy

This qualitative study aims to analyze the conditions that led to the withdrawal of two agents from the lower classes in undergraduate courses at the Faculdade de Ciências e Letras of Universidade Estadual Paulista – Campus de Araraquara, entrants in the period prior to the implementation of the quota policy, identifying the main difficulties and confrontations of these students in the face of their interrupted course at the public university. For that, a structured interview was developed based on the concepts of Boudieusian theory, namely: habitus, social capital, cultural capital, economic capital. The testimonies analyzed revealed conflicting relationships and insecurities with the academic universe during the course of the interviewees at the university, showing that cultural capital directly influenced the trajectory of agents and their relationship with the university environment, added to the difficulties arising from the economic instability that permeated their academic itineraries.

Toucans’ ostentatious beaks do not expand their thermoneutral zone

Some birds are just instantly recognisable. From elegant flamingos with graceful necks to toco toucans (Ramphastos toco) with their jet-black plumage and distinctive beaks, some birds just stand out from the dowdy crowd. And the toucan's outsized beak comes in handy for retrieving fruit and cracking nuts. But Glenn Tattersall from Brock University, Canada, explains that the toucan's outrageous bill also doubles as a radiator; he recalls how, in the 2000s, Augusto Abe (Sao Paulo State University, Brazil) put him on to the possibility that the birds may use their beaks to regulate their body temperature. However, warm-blooded creatures mainly prefer living at temperatures where they expend little energy to remain warm or keep cool, known as their thermoneutral zone. Denis Andrade, Jussara Chaves (both from Sao Paulo State University) and Tattersall wondered whether the toucans’ ostentatious beaks could expand the range of temperatures over which the birds live at relatively little cost to maintain their body temperature.Collecting six toucans, Chaves settled the birds in Andrade's lab at the Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil. Then each night, she placed individual birds into a temperature-controlled chamber – set at temperatures from 0 to 35°C, spanning the 10–25°C temperature range where they expend little energy to remain warm – and measured their oxygen consumption to find out how much energy they used to regulate their temperature when hot and chilly. Then, Chaves repeated the oxygen consumption measurements, but this time she prevented the birds from using their beaks like a radiator by placing a snuggly fitting felt jacket over each beak, which allowed the birds to open their beaks if they got warm and needed to pant, while preventing their beaks from absorbing or losing heat to regulate their temperature. If the beaks were allowing the birds to expand the range of temperatures over which they could live a relatively low-cost life, then the felt beak-jacket would alter the temperatures at which the birds began using more energy to keep warm or cool.But the beak-jacket didn't extend or reduce the temperature range over which the birds live comfortably. Their thermoneutral zone is not extended by their radiator beaks.The team also reviewed how the birds slept in cold conditions and realised that the chilliest birds with unjacketed beaks tucked their beaks beneath their wing feathers, in addition to shutting off the blood supply to the beak, to keep warm. However, as the temperatures rose above 30°C, the birds’ naked beaks came into their own. The toucans with felt jacketed beaks used 20% more energy than those without beak-jackets, probably because they were panting to keep cool. ‘Our estimate is that the beneficial consequence of being able to access the normal heat exchange through the bill at 35°C corresponds to ∼32% of basal metabolic rate’, Tattersall explains.So, the toucan's beak can work both ways. ‘It promotes heat dissipation quite efficiently, but under conditions of high solar radiation it may also be a window to undesired heat gain’, says Andrade. And the team suspects that the toucans’ ability to absorb heat through their impressive beaks as they go about their daily business could limit how long they spend foraging for food, forcing them to seek shade at the peak of the day to avoid overheating.

Is sleep a barrier to physical activity practice?

Is sleep a barrier to physical activity practice?

Bilateral ultrasound‐guided lateral quadratus lumborum block in a minipig undergoing ovariectomy

AbstractA 2‐year‐old Göttingen miniature pig was presented for elective ovariectomy. After premedication with ketamine 15 mg/kg and azaperone 2 mg/kg intramuscularly, general anaesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5 mg/kg intravenously. With the animal in sternal recumbency, a 15 × 15 cm area on the dorsolateral aspect of the flank at the level of the second lumbar vertebra (L2) was clipped and aseptically prepared. Using a linear transducer, the epaxial musculature as well as the quadratus lumborum and abdominal wall muscles were identified. Then, 0.6 ml/kg of 0.25% ropivacaine was injected bilaterally at the level of L2 using a ventral‐to‐dorsal in‐plane approach under ultrasound guidance. Anaesthesia was stable and uneventful. Predefined thresholds for nociception were not exceeded at any time. After recovery, regular pain evaluation using the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)‐Botucatu pig composite acute pain scale did not indicate the need for rescue analgesia up to 4 h after the block was performed.

Development and physiological aspects of three species of passion fruit submitted to water stress

The aim of this work was to evaluate the development and physiological aspects of three species of passion fruit submitted to water stress. The work was carried out at the Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas of Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp, Brazil). The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC), in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, in which three passion fruit species were used: Passiflora gibertii; Passiflora foetida, and Passiflora edulis interacting with three irrigation intervals, namely: 4, 8 and 12 days, with four replications. The suspension of irrigations for twelve days reduces the transpiration of passion fruit seedlings, while the suspension of irrigations every eight days reduces stomatal conductance. Passiflora gibertii plants have higher photosynthetic efficiency than P. edulis and P. foetida. Passiflora gibertii seedlings show greater growth than P. foetida and P. edulis, while P. foetida seedlings have the highest number of leaves. In plants irrigated at twelve-day intervals, fruit growth was affected.

Macronutrient absorption rate of a Runner-type peanut cultivar

ABSTRACT Peanuts are one of the most produced legumes in the world; however, there is a lack of knowledge on their nutritional needs and the growth phases with greater demands; therefore research is required on the nutrient absorption rate of the crop. The objectives of this study were to determine the rates of absorption in the vegetative part and the pods, the accumulation of macronutrients in the vegetative part, pods, and in total, and the nutrient export to pods during the cycle of the peanut, cv Runner IAC 503, grown under full irrigation. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal campus, SP, Brazil, from March to August 2019 using a randomized block design, with evaluations of the macronutrient absorption rate and accumulation at 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, 105, 119, 133 and 147 days after sowing, with four replications. Higher nutritional demands of peanuts occurred between 63 and 105 days after sowing. Greater total accumulation of nutrients was reached at 118 DAS, with 234.8, 173.5, 79.0, 45.8, 23.4 and 18.8 kg ha-1 for N, K, Ca, Mg, P, and S, respectively. Exports of macronutrients contained in the pods totaled 138.8, 43.9, 14.6, 12.0, 7.3 and 5.4 kg ha-1 for N, K, P, Mg, S and Ca, respectively. Exported K in the harvest was two times greater than the applied amount at sowing, which followed the current Brazilian recommendation, causing possible depletion of this nutrient in the soil.

Skull of Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) - Morphometric Parameters

Background: The capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is the largest rodent in the world. They are territorial animals, and live in social groups, commonly occurring in anthropized area, what has attracted the attention of researchers in relation to this animal species, since it is the host of the Amblyomma cajennese tick that transmits spotted-fever to humans and are responsible for severe impact on livestock and public health. The skull is a part of the axial skeleton that enclosing the brain, sensory organs and digestive and respiratory structures. Moreover, the phenotypic appearance of the capybara head depends on the shape of the skull. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the reference values of cranial measurements of capybaras. The knowledge of morphometric parameters of skull is pivotal for veterinary treatment of pathological conditions and taxonomic affiliation. Materials, Methods & Results: Eight capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) skulls were used in this study, irrespective of age and sex. The skulls belonging to the anatomical collection of the Laboratory of Wildlife Anatomy and Anatomical Museum, Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo. A total of 35 morphometric parameters were performed using a digital caliper and 6 cranial indices were calculated. All investigated features were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Anatomically, capybara skull were elongated, rectangle-like and consisted of cranial and facial bones. The morphometric parameters were used to calculate the following craniometrics indices: skull index (57.86 ± 3.62), cranial index (50.49 ± 2.08), facial index (49.22 ± 3.82), basal index (33.98 ± 0.86), nasal index (26.73 ± 3.1), and the foramen magnum index (149.61 ± 1.07). Moreover, the facial part length (mean 137.90 mm) and cranium part length (mean 87.76 mm) also were calculated. The facial part length was a distance from the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the rostral edge of the incisive bone and, the cranium part length was a distance from the external occipital protuberance to the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. Discussion: This study established morphometric parameters in the capybara skull. The craniometric measurements showed in this study are compatible with reported in other studies in the capybara skull, although the most parameters measured in this study were not calculated in previous studies of the capybara skull. Moreover, none of the cranial indices calculated in this study were previously calculated. Based on some cranial measurements, the 8 capybaras used in this study could be classified into subadult (4) and adults (4). The foramen magnum showed a dorsal triangular notch in the capybara skull differently from described in the Cavia spp., and similar to reported to other rodent as Gambian rat and other mammals species such as maned wolf, four-toed hedgehog, and dromedaries. The rectangular shape of the capybara skull is different from that found in other caviids rodents such as Brazilian guinea pig. The capybara skull showed greater development of the facial part in relation to the cranial part, which allows to relate the skull shape with the skull shape presented by dolichocephalics dogs. This feature is commonly reported in large caviomorph rodents. Probably, this morphology is compatible with the ecology and phylogeny of the species. Keywords: capybaras, craniometry, cranium, veterinary anatomy, wildlife.

Linear and spatial variability of eucalyptus dendrometric attributes correlated with the properties of a Typic Haplustox soil (Oxisol) in the Brazilian savannah

Effects of soil attributes using the geostatistical tool improves the interpretation of specific soil management. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of a Typical Haplustox (Oxisol), identifying those with the best linear and spatial correlation with eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) vegetative growth. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching, Research, and Extension Farm (FEPE) of the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus of Ilha Solteira. Thirty-five points spaced 13 meters apart were demarcated for analysis, which were distributed in 5 rows of 7 points each. From each point, 2 soil samples were collected from the 0-10 cm depth layer. The physical, chemical, and microbiological soil properties evaluated were: sand, silt, and clay contents; penetration resistance (PR), gravimetric moisture (GM), real density (RD), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), respirometry (CO2-C), metabolic quotient (qCO2), organic matter content (OM), and hydrogenionic potential (pH). The eucalyptus attributes assessed were: plant height (PH) and circumference at breast height (CBH). Each attribute was analyzed by descriptive statistics using the SAS software. Data frequency distribution was verified by the Shapiro Wilk method, and geospatial changes were analyzed by the GS+ software. The soil property that best explained the variability in eucalyptus dendrometric attributes was real density (RD). Except for RD, all properties did not show spatial dependence (i.e., pure nugget effect), which significantly represents eucalyptus vegetative performance.

NATURAL DISTRIBUTION OF Myracrodruon urundeuva FR. ALL. IN BRAZIL AT CURRENT AND FUTURE CLIMATE SCENARIOS DUE TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

ABSTRACT In this work, the prediction of the distribution of M. urundeuva Fr. All. was performed based on the region of natural occurrence of the species. Its geographic coordinates were obtained from online databases CRIA and SpecialLinks, from scientific articles and fieldwork carried out by Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil. M. urundeuva is a native tree species with great potential for commercial use in Brazil. For this purpose, ecological niche modeling was used, with current layers of climate variables and layers prepared for future climate scenarios, according to the 4th Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (AR4/IPCC), using Worldclim data on Brazil. With the Open Modeller and ArcGIS programs, maps were generated to predict its occurrence for the current period and future climate scenarios, made according to the projections of global climate changes. With the projection of increases in temperature and precipitation in the area where the species occurs, it tends to migrate to areas of Brazil where the climate is currently milder, in the south and southeast regions. Due to climatic changes, the species tends to undergo changes in distribution and area size until 2080. It was projected for Caatinga and Pantanal, in both periods, an increase in area, while for the Cerrado, in the first period, the area increased, and, for the second, it decreased. Therefore, according to the results of the maps of future projections for the next decades, it is concluded that there will be changes in the distribution of M. urundeuva, with a significant reduction of the potential area of occurrence in the region.