Universal Values Research Articles

To What Extent Did the Chinese Banking Industry Affect Chinas Economic Growth in Past 50 Years?

Currently, the Chinese economy is encountering a period of stagnation in its development. Sustaining the rapid growth rate of the economy has become a challenge, as there is a lack of adequate momentum for continuous high-speed advancement. The nation is edging closer to the middle-income trap, and the conventional approach of relying on investment, exports, and consumption to propel economic growth is proving to be unattainable. It must be achieved through the transformation of economic structure, and the transformation of the financial industry is the most important part of it. The research question of this article is how commercial banks affect economic growth and how China's banking system has developed. The WTO's entrance into China has been a major catalyst for the banking industry and its system to be built. The literature review section delved deeply into economic growth, examining the concept of it, how it is achieved in China, as well as any factors that may influence it. More importantly, the study reviewed what the banking industry is and the development stages of China's banking industry. The banking industry's development was examined in the concluding part of the literature review, examining pertinent studies on the effect of economic expansion. In the discussion section of the research, we analyzed how the banking industry affects economic growth through its impact on capital allocation, banking services, and currency. Ultimately, we drew corresponding conclusions and proposed countermeasures and suggestions for the future development of the banking industry. Due to the fact that the industrial structure of developing countries is usually dominated by labor-intensive industries, clarifying the interrelationship between China's banking structure, capital allocation efficiency, and economic growth has universal significance and reference value for relevant financial arrangements in developing countries.

Quran's Insight On Human Rights

This study focuses on the growing global debate about human rights and the role of religion, particularly Islam, in shaping these concepts. The research aims to analyze the Quran's perspective on human rights, identifying fundamental principles that affirm universal values such as justice, Freedom, and equality. This study employs a qualitative method with a textual analysis approach to relevant Quranic verses. The findings reveal that the Quran explicitly recognizes fundamental human rights, including the right to life, Freedom of religion, and protection from oppression. The discussion also highlights that a comprehensive and contextual interpretation of the Quranic verses is necessary to understand the Islamic perspective on human rights in the modern context. The study concludes that the Quran provides a solid ethical and moral foundation for human rights, but its application depends on proper interpretation by Muslim communities worldwide. The research suggests the need for further dialogue between religious traditions and international law to support the global protection of human rights.

Tourist Crowding versus Service Quality: Impacting Mechanism of Tourist Satisfaction in World Natural Heritage Sites from the Mountain Sanqingshan National Park, China

World Heritage Sites (WHS) possess outstanding universal value (OUV) centered on science and aesthetics, and the large scale of tourism has a certain influence on sustainable development, which will have some degree influence on the quality of tourist service and experience. Taking the World Natural Heritage Site Mount Sanqingshan National Park in China as a case, we collected 535 samples of tourists and used structural equation modeling as a methodology to construct a theoretical framework from the perspective of tourists’ perception, including tourism crowding (functional crowding, personal crowding, and social crowding), service quality (interpretation, goods, commuting, accommodation, and catering), tourists’ satisfaction, and OUV attractiveness as intermediary variables. The results were: (1) tourist crowding has a substantial negative influence on satisfaction, and the negative influence on OUV attractiveness is not tenable; (2) service quality has a substantial positive impact on OUV attractiveness and satisfaction; (3) the tourists’ perception of OUV attractiveness has a mediating influence on service quality and satisfaction, but there is no mediating impact on tourism crowding and satisfaction; (4) this paper puts forward the SCA-S (service, crowding, attractiveness, and satisfaction) framework of WHS, and explores impact factors and mechanisms of visitor satisfaction of WHS from different aspects. The relevant research conclusions have some theoretical value and practical significance for the interpretation and display of heritage value, improved service quality, and tourism experience, and they are conducive to protecting WHS.

Internalization of Universal Religious Values in Developing Religious Moderation in Parigi Moutong State Senior High Schools

This research discusses the Internalization of Universal Religious Values ​​in developing Religious Moderation in Torue State Senior High Schools. This research examines the process of internalizing universal religious values ​​in developing religious moderation and the impact of the results of internalizing universal religious values ​​in developing religious moderation at State Senior High School Torue. This research uses a qualitative approach, and data is collected through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and written document analysis. The results of this research show that four values are internalized in State Senior High School 1 Torue, namely, the value of justice, the value of tolerance, the value of humanity, and the value of peace. The process of internalizing universal religious values ​​is carried out through several stages. The first stage is value transformation through awareness by understanding religious values. Next, the value transaction process involves direction, guidance, and examples for students to adhere to religious values. From the results of the transinternalization carried out, students have been able to apply the universal religious values ​​that are instilled, including in the implementation of policies or regulations made by the school, providing encouragement to students to practice good values ​​in their actions, following the good examples of the students and educators, as well as creating a harmonious environment in schools. The impact of internalizing religious values ​​plays an essential role in forming the character of moderate, tolerant students who respect religious diversity, respect their elders, are disciplined, are used to differences, are used to practicing worship, are close to friends, and are socially concerned.

Interpretation of legal duty in the American legal tradition

Human rights, as enshrined in current international legal instruments, are the result of long-term historical development and the gradual formation of standards that have become the norm in modern democratic society. The formation of such unified standards for regulating social life has led to the modern doctrine of human rights being based on universal principles and values, including freedom, equality, justice, and the inalienability of fundamental human rights. However, despite the commonality of these values and principles on which the modern idea of human rights is founded, its formation and gradual development occurred under the influence of cultural, historical, political, and sociological factors of individual states or entire regions. These factors led to the emergence of distinct legal traditions. A legal tradition is understood as a deeply rooted and historically conditioned attitude of people towards the role of law in society, the nature of law, as well as the organization and functioning of the legal system as a whole. The legal tradition, in turn, leads to certain differences or authenticity in the interpretation of various legal categories, as their formation occurred through the prism of unique circumstances characteristic of a particular legal tradition. Studying approaches to interpreting certain legal phenomena in specific legal traditions allows for a broader understanding of a given legal concept, revealing its peculiarities in the legal systems of individual states, and conducting a comparative analysis of its interpretation alongside other legal traditions. Today, when discussing human rights and obligations, we often refer to sources of the European legal tradition, which undoubtedly play an important role in the modern understanding of human rights. However, it would be incorrect to overlook the contributions of other legal traditions, particularly the American one. The emergence of the modern system of human rights and obligations on the American continent is associated with the activities of the Organization of American States, as well as the adoption of such acts as the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man of 1948 and the American Convention on Human Rights of 1969. It should be noted that the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man preceded the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 by six months, which underscores the significance of this act in the process of establishing an international system of human rights and their protection. A characteristic feature of this Declaration, which distinguishes it from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 and a number of other European human rights acts, is its extensive list of duties impos ed on individuals. Thus, to identify the peculiarities of interpreting the category of legal duty, it would be appropriate to study this fundamental normative legal act of the American legal tradition in the field of human rights and duties. Furthermore, studying normative legal acts that regulate both human rights and duties will allow us to outline the mechanism of establishing and normatively formulating key human duties in the American legal tradition.

The Influence of a New Geopolitical Environment on the Peace and Security of the Western Balkans

Trends in the EU and NATO are certainly a part of global international efforts and communications along with being integral parts of the actions of those progressive forces that strive towards global peace, security, and social progress. Therefore, European trends cannot be taken out of the global context of international relationships or any other efforts to make positive changes in the world. The countries of the Western Balkans are faced with important political, economic, and security challenges, and should support one another in the process of their accessions to the EU and NATO and create the necessary conditions for the development of a better European defense and security relevant as regards the security interests of NATO. As part of democracy and humanity, their friends should help in the building of a safer geopolitical environment. In the search of a better solution, it is recommended to focus on the values and goals of all citizens and peoples of the Western Balkans. This primarily includes dignified living in a modern, prosperous, and democratic country. A country of this kind in the Western Balkans can exist only by being fully integrated in the European and global organisations and by respecting contemporary global standards. The future of the countries of the Western Balkans cannot rely on negative, narrow-minded concepts or approaches. Their future should be founded on universal human values. And not only the future of the Western Balkans, but the entire region where it is situated. All of us should understand that happiness and prosperity of one people in this region should not be built upon the misfortune of others.

The Operation of Moe: A Discourse Practice of Cyber Nationalism

Unlike the previous cyber-nationalism events characterized by anger and hatred, the "Panda Ya Ya" incident highlights a special form of "soft emotion." This paper focuses on the common representation of this soft emotion in both self-media and official media discourse practices: moe. Through Fairclough's discourse analysis, the specific mechanisms of its operation are explored to understand the emotional motivations in cyber nationalism. The study finds that at the levels of representation and style, the "moe discourse" in the Ya Ya incident is co-created by self-media and official media as: floating factual evidence, repeatedly performed legitimacy, and normalized political figures. However, there are characteristic differences in "time-space representation" and register between the two. The operation of moe discourse is premised on human participation, with the relationship between moe objects and humans essentially being "agented agency." Finally, the soft emotion manifested by moe discourse exhibits more significant network characteristics, relying on more universal human values, and more closely resembling the fulfillment of emotional needs. This can be viewed as a new, more powerful "commonality" resource in the development of cyber-nationalism. However, the operation of soft emotions in cyber-nationalism often remains in a state of "unfinished" without a directed outcome, becoming a kind of "emotional machine running idle."

Exploring mathematical wellbeing across cultures: insights from diverse students

AbstractAcross many countries, including New Zealand, diverse groups including indigenous, migrant, and marginalised communities, are under-represented in mathematics, as evidenced by achievement disparities and disengagement from higher-level mathematics. Both research and policy have focused on developing equitable education outcomes for all students. A key aspect of this is wellbeing, including within mathematics classrooms, which includes identifying classroom environments that enable wellbeing. This study examines mathematical wellbeing (MWB) across different ethnicities and genders, with a case study focus on students from Pacific heritages. Analysing qualitative responses from over 12,000 diverse students revealed that positive relationships in the mathematics classroom were most commonly associated with students’ MWB. Accomplishment and cognitive factors, including mathematical accuracy, learning new things, and understanding, were also identified as important. Minor gender differences emerged, with female students emphasising mathematical understanding, accuracy, and relationships more than male students. The Pacific student case study highlighted the importance of both cognitive aspects (learning new things and understanding) and relationships (peer and teacher support), uncovering an alignment between cultural values and MWB. This study empirically confirms seven universal values supporting student MWB, previously identified in Australian and Chinese contexts, suggesting that teachers internationally may align pedagogical practices with these values to support most students’ MWB. However, the instrumental values serving these universal values appear culturally unique. This research contributes novel insights to the field by examining wellbeing with a subject-specific focus through student-generated responses, offering implications for developing more equitable and culturally inclusive mathematics classrooms.

Russia’s Image in False Mirror of Russophobia

The article analyses russophobia as a tool for creating a distorted image of Russia. The publications in the Russian media serve as the material for the study. These publications, on the one hand, represent the falsified perception of our country by the collective West, and on the other hand, are part of the official mass media discourse in the promotion of universal and state values. The research is carried out in compliance with the imagological paradigm. Modelling is the main method of the analysis. Modelling provides the opportunity to investigate and describe the phenomena of reality taking into account the existential, cognitive, discursive, and axiological characteristics of object under analysis. Russophobia in the present research is considered as a discursive practice with its own existential, axiological, linguistic characteristics, and content, which are determined by the peculiarities of the modern geopolitical situation. As a result of the analysis of empirical material, the following characteristics of the analyzed phenomenon are revealed: russophobia is, first of all, the activity of the Ukrainian authorities; russophobia is equated with xenophobia, nationalism and nazism; russophobia is a political technology of the fight against Russia. From a linguistic point of view, russophobia possesses the following characteristics: militant, rabid, manic, cave-like, attributed to a specific geographical name. The paper presents an analysis of the metaphorical content of russophobia in the official mass media discourse. The Research prospects are outlined.

Legal Monitoring of the Modern Penitentiary Process in Russian and Foreign Legal Systems

This article explores human rights mechanisms as a set of international and domestic bodies that are legally authorized to perform oversight and supervisory activities for protecting the rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of convicts. A classification of human rights mechanisms within the penitentiary system was given, taking into account the universal and regional value of Russian and international laws and their influence on the legal status of convicts serving their criminal sentences. A new type of legal process, (penitentiary) criminal enforcement, was proposed for future consideration and defined. The status of the cross-sectoral institution of death penalty was discussed from our own perspective on the matter. With regard to the primacy of international legal norms and treaties in expanding and upholding the rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of convicts, it was concluded that the Russian legislative system has a legal axiom worthy of integration into other modern legal systems.

Moral responsibility of russian citizens for aggression against Ukraine as a factor of pressure on their political will

The article focuses on the need to actualize the issue of bringing russian citizens to moral responsibility for violation of universal human values and other moral obligations of a person, which is expressed in their support for a large-scale war against Ukraine and the aggressive policy of the russian federation in general. In this vein, the author rethinks the concept of moral responsibility, argues for the inclusion of both individual and collective moral subjects, and highlights the impact of the means of moral responsibility on the formation of consciousness and, especially, the political will of the moral subject. In the discussion with other scholars, the author proposes that the subjects of collective responsibility include those structures, communities, and social groups that act as a collective actor, demonstrate their internal identity and are mutually responsible. The article argues that the russian public, which politically supports the current regime, is objectively a direct subject of the war and, accordingly, bears the full measure of direct political and moral guilt for the actions of its state and their consequences. It is proposed to call the supporters of the war “agents of war”, which will highlight their moral culpability. Therefore, it is important that not only the leadership of the russian federation, but also the entire russian public realise their part of the blame for the russian-Ukrainian war. It is proposed to incriminate moral and political culpability of russian citizens for the military aggression against Ukraine and to carry out information activities in order to make them aware of their personal and solidarity share of guilt and responsibility for this aggression. In order to give the moral condemnation of russian citizens a targeted and universal impact, the author argues for the establishment of a special international moral tribunal to encourage moral actors to fulfill their moral obligations, which will simultaneously contribute to the improvement of the security sphere of humanity. It is not about creating an official administrative structure, but about introducing a single humanistic information space that will counter this aggression. It is believed that it is in the form of a moral and ethical tribunal that the efforts of civilized countries, political, national and religious movements can be effectively united in the general condemnation of the russian aggression, its violation of human norms of goodness and justice, peace and secure existence. The central paradigm of the tribunal should be the phenomenon of safe human existence, human life as a value that excludes aggressive state policy and encroachment on human rights and freedoms. We believe that today, in counteracting russian information and psychological operations, we should focus more on the moral collective guilt and responsibility of all russian citizens who still stand in the position of not resisting evil.

THE IMPORTANCE OF MILITARY-PATRIOTIC UPBRINGING OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN MODERN CONDITIONS

The article discusses the process of organizing military-patriotic upbringing for schoolchildren and emphasizes the significance of patriotism. Patriotism, being an integral part of military-patriotic upbringing, serves as a fundamental principle and the primary aspect of socializing an individual. The article aims to underscore the importance of military-patriotic education for schoolchildren in contemporary society. It outlines various extracurricular activities that can be implemented in schools to deepen students’ love for their homeland and national as well as universal values. Through these activities, students will come to appreciate the heroes among them and understand that protecting the motherland requires military patriotism. Additionally, the article briefly touches upon integrating information technologies into the educational system, acknowledging the 21st century as the era of computer technologies. Through various computer programs, teachers can introduce students to the golden pages of our history, the lives of heroes, the everyday life of today’s border guards, and the heroic stories of brave soldiers guarding the borders of the motherland and drawing those same borders. In the article, we also discuss the role and significance of the family because it is a powerful force and a primary focus of the educational system. Together with schools, families fulfill the sacred duty of educating literate and patriotic citizens who will become defenders of the homeland in the future. They are envisioned as the future Armenian soldiers and strong supporters of the motherland.

Derivation of seed viability constants (KE and CW) and prediction of longevity of Solanum aethiopicum seeds

The seed viability equation uses species viability constants to predict seed longevity under different storage conditions. There are already established universal values of constants that account for the effect of temperature on seed longevity (CH and CQ) which can be applied to different crop species. However, constants accounting for the effect of seed moisture (CW) and genotype (KE) are species-specific. This study aimed to derive viability constants and predict seed longevity for African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) under genebank conditions. The seeds were subjected to experimental storage at 40°C and different seed moisture contents (6, 8, 10 and 12%) for 120 days to derive survival curves and hence, CW and KE. CW and KE values for S. aethiopicum were 3.32 and 7.4978, respectively. The validation of the derived constants show that they can be used to predict seed longevity of other seed lots within the same species. The genebank curators and other commercial seed technologists may be able to accurately predict longevity of African eggplant seeds under cold dry storage conditions using the improved viability equation and the constants established in this research.

Risk management during times of health uncertainty in Spain: A qualitative analysis of ethical challenges.

The study examines the reflections of various experts in risk management when asked about uncertainty generated by a health threat and the response to such a threat: what criteria should guide action when potential harm is anticipated, but not known with certainty? The objective of the research is to obtain a holistic perspective of ethical conflicts in risk management, based on experts' accounts within the Spanish territory. A qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 27 experts from various fields related to health risk management and its ethical implications, following the grounded theory method. The method includes theory generation through an inductive approach, based on the identified categories. The 27 narratives obtained revealed a variety of fundamental issues grouped into 8 subcategories and subsequently grouped into three main categories. The first category focuses on human vulnerability in health matters. The second category explores the agents and instruments for decision-making that arise from uncertain or traumatic social events. The third category refers to the need for common ethical paradigms for all humanity that implement justice over universal values. A main theory was suggested on the concept of responsibility in a global common good. There is an urgent need to assume this integrative responsibility as an inherent strategy in decision-making. To achieve this, the involved actors must acquire specific humanistic training, conceptualizing fundamental ethical principles, and emphasizing skills more related to humanistic virtues than technical knowledge.

The territorial taboo: Explaining the public aversion to negotiations in the Ukraine war support coalition

Despite severe and mounting war costs, many in the international coalition supporting Ukraine have publicly expressed strong aversion to negotiations with Russia, and Ukrainian territorial concessions, to end the war. What explains this aversion to negotiations and seeming taboo on territorial concessions? This commentary, drawing particularly on US policy debate, suggests that proclaimed sacred values helps explain this disposition. Ukraine’s war support network is a discursive coalition bound together by three shared narratives about the war and universal values. Stories about international law and territorial integrity, about war crimes and genocide, and about freedom and democracy, render talk about territorial concessions to Russia, as the aggressor state, taboo in different ways. Psychological factors, from commitment problems to hawkish biases, bolster this taboo. The Gaza war, however, has exposed Western sacred values as geographically limited. The territorial taboo disguises tragic trade-offs and the enormous costs of Ukraine’s fight, burdening the country with an unwinnable mission. Any settlement of the war is likely to see the territorial taboo abandoned, in de facto if not de jure terms.

Функции и дисфункции правовой культуры в цифровом измерении

The article formulates and proposes for discussion three main directions of state policy aimed at enhancing legal culture among youth and overcoming its dysfunctions: 1) protecting Russian traditional values from digital informational-ideological and propagandistic attacks; 2) fostering legal culture among migrant youth; 3) implementing systemic policies to strengthen and protect traditional values through legal culture education across all societal levels. The dichotomy between digital and analog legal understanding within youth subcultures is addressed. Six functions of legal culture are formulated to develop effective measures of state policy aimed at shaping youth legal consciousness. The process is noted to be associated with preserving and promoting traditional values in society, both Russian and transnational, universal values; with the assimilation of cultural paradigms and language by young migrants; with their compliance with the legislative requirements for adaptation and socialization in Russia, and with societal consolidation.

Проблемы формирования общечеловеческих ценностей в профессиональном самосознании обучающихся ведомственных вузов системы МВД России

The formation of values in the professional self-awareness of students is a key aspect of the educational process in the modern world characterized by rapid social and technological changes. In the professional context, values play the role of a reference point guiding the behavior of a specialist in various situations, including ethical dilemmas and professional challenges. They not only determine the motivation and behavior of future police officers, but also influence the attitude of cadets to professional activities. This study analyzes the problems of formation of universal human values in professional self-awareness of students of departmental universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, based on the test of Milton Rokeach, an analysis of value orientations among graduates of the Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is carried out. The author emphasizes the importance of forming value orientations as the basis of a professional “self-concept” and a key element in the structure of professional self-awareness of future police officers.

Assessing the Degradation Status of the Imperial Doors of the Ascension Church, Grindu Commune, Romania

To asses the degradation status of the Imperial Doors of the early 19th century Ascension Church iconostasis, a complex study consisting of micro-optical and scanning electron microscopy followed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed. Accordingly, the entire left door and some small fragments of gilded wood were investigated. The final results evidenced a certain degree of degradation of the lime wood and gilded surfaces, mainly due to the bacterial and fungi attacks given the increased humidity and the presence of more than a century of candle soot. Also, some unsuccessful restorations performed using brass paint instead of gold foils were evidenced. Overall, this study permitted elaborating more appropriate procedures for the iconostasis’ full restoration to its initial form, given that the Ascension Church is classified as a historical objective of national and universal value.

Representation of Children's Education Through Extracurricular Batik Activities at SDN 1 Soditan, Lasem District, Rembang Regency

This qualitative research examines the representation of children's education through batik extracurricular activities at SDN 1 Soditan, Lasem. The aim of this research is to analyze how the batik extracurricular at SDN 1 Soditan, Lasem represents children's education in the aspects of technical skills, cultural understanding, character development and preserving local traditions. Case study research was conducted during June-July 2024, involving teachers and students. The results show that the program has been implemented effectively, but is still focused on the technical aspects of batik making. A deep understanding of the history and philosophy of Lasem batik, including Javanese-Chinese cultural acculturation, has not been fully achieved. However , these activities can improve crucial interpersonal skills, strengthen awareness of cultural identity, and foster pride in the richness of local traditions. This program is also effective in teaching universal values such as respect for diversity. Overall, batik extracurricular activities have proven to be an effective means for character education, cultural preservation, and the development of students' holistic skills.

Personal value preferences, multifaceted job satisfaction and burnout in Israeli high-tech.

This study investigates connections between personal value preferences, satisfaction with different facets of the job and burnout among high-tech workers. The study's sample included 175 individuals (43% females) working in the high-tech industry in Israel. A high level of satisfaction with work content was associated with low burnout and high professional accomplishment, and satisfaction with coworkers was associated with low burnout. Satisfaction with supervisor, salary and promotion opportunities did not affect high-tech workers' burnout and professional accomplishment. A high preference for achievement values was associated with high professional accomplishment. A high preference for power values was associated with low satisfaction with all job facets. In addition, power values increased burnout indirectly by reducing satisfaction with work content and coworkers. Power values also decreased personal accomplishment indirectly by reducing satisfaction with work content. A high preference for self-direction values was associated with high satisfaction with salary and promotion opportunities. Finally, high preferences for achievement and universalism values were associated with high satisfaction with promotion opportunities. The theoretical and practical implications of the obtained results are discussed.