Universal Sampling Research Articles

Essential Soft Skills and Classroom Managerial Efficiency of Teachers in Public Elementary Schools

This study was conducted to determine the essential soft skills and managerial efficiency of teachers in public elementary schools in Division of Davao City. This study used the non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing the correlational method. The respondents were composed of 132 teachers in public elementary schools through the use of universal sampling. The data analysis was mean, pearson r and regression analysis. The findings revealed that the degree of soft skills of teachers in terms of people skills shared skills and communication skills was manifested often by the teachers. Moreover, the managerial efficiency in terms of managerial outcomes, goals and strategies is high and manifested oftentimes by the teachers. It was found out that there was a significant relationship between essential soft skills and managerial efficiency of public elementary school teachers in public schools. It showed further that the managerial efficiency of public elementary school teachers significantly influenced the essential soft skills domains. The results suggest that teachers should develop their communication skills, teamwork, leadership, time management, adaptability, problem-solving, critical thinking, work ethic, creativity and emotional intelligence in the classroom to achieve student learning growth and development.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF NEWLY HIRED SCHOOL HEADS:BASIS FOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOUNDATION SKILLS

This study seeks to determine the level of Change Management Skills of Newly Hired School Heads. This study will make use of a descriptive-co-relation non-experimental quantitative research method. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Change Management Skills of Newly Hired School Heads”. According to Gay (2006) descriptive-correlation design determines and supports the way things are. Using a questionnaire in conducting a survey, interview or observations usually collects the data. The study was conducted in Sulop District, Division of Davao del Sur. The respondents of this study were the 16 school heads of the research locale to answer the questionnaire. Universal sampling procedure was utilized in this study in determining the respondents considering the small number of school heads of Sulop District. In this study, one (1) set of questionnaire was used. It is a researcher-made questionnaire which validated by experts of the study and subjected to a reliability test using cron bach alpha. It was pilot tested to a school that is not a part of the research locale. The questionnaire focuses on the items of change management skills of school heads through checklist. This revealed that newly-hired school heads show a developed skills in implementing and adopting change, however, there are domains inn change management that they have to develop more to become more resilient when change happens. KEYWORDS: change management skills, newly hired school heads, basis for learning, development program, foundation skills

LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE OF GRADE SIX STUDENTS:BASIS FOR LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR INTERMEDIATE LEARNERS

This study seeks answer to the level of linguistic competence of the intermediate students. Eventually, from the findings drawn out of the study a Language Development Program will be designed and proposed. This study employed the non-experimental descriptive survey research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Linguistic Competence of Grade Six Students: Basis for Language Development Program for Intermediate Learners. According to Good (2005), this method of research shows merely description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2005). This study will be conducted in Sulop Central Elementary School. The respondents in this study are the 185 intermediate students of the research locale. The respondents will answer a researcher made assessment test on their oral and written communication skills. This study makes use of the universal sampling procedure considering the manageable number of respondents in the research locale. This study revealed that the intermediate students are struggling in their linguistic competence. This means that a development program should be developed to address their linguistic competence in order for them to be performing in English and other subject areas where English is the medium of instruction. KEYWORDS: linguistic competence, grade six students, basis for language development program, intermediate learners

RISK MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF SCHOOL HEADS AND DISASTER READINESS OF STUDENTS

This study sought to determine the level of risk management skills of school heads and the level of disaster readiness of students. Eventually, it also sought to determine the significant relationship between the independent and the dependent variables of the study. This study made use of a descriptive-correlation non-experimental quantitative research method. The data were presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Risk Management Skills of School Heads and Disaster Readiness of Students”. According to Gay (2006) descriptive-correlation design determined and supported the way things are. A questionnaire was used in conducting the survey, interview or observations to collect the data. The study was conducted in Almendras Elementary School Sta. Cruz North District in the, Division of Davao Del Sur. The respondents of this study were 200 intermediate learners of the research locale who answered the second set of questionnaires while 14 school heads to answered the first set of questionnaires. A universal sampling procedure was utilized in this study in determine the respondents, considering the small number of respondents in the research locale. This revealed that school heads possessed skills in risk management, and likewise, learners exuded disaster readiness. This could imply that there was regular training of learners on the things to do when disaster occurred. This also implied that activities on risk management were implemented in school. KEYWORDS: risk management skills, school heads, disaster readiness of students

IMPLEMENTATION OF 8-WEEK READING PROGRAM FOR STRUGGLING READERS: BASIS FOR ENHANCED SCHOOL REMEDIATION PROGRAM

This study seeks to determine the effect of Implementing the 8-week Reading Program on the Struggling Learners: Basis for Enhanced Remediation Program. This study employed the non-experimental descriptive survey research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Implementation of 8-week Reading Program for Struggling Readers: Basis for Enhanced School Reading Program. According to Good (2023), this method of research shows merely description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2022). This study will be conducted in Almendras Elementary School. The respondents in this study are the 150 struggling learners of the research locale. The respondents will answer a researcher made assessment test on reading comprehension. This study makes use of the universal sampling procedure considering the manageable number of respondents in the research locale. This revealed that learners’ level in majority of the least mastered competency in reading is at Approaching competency except for giving judgment where they are at developing level. Therefore, it is concluded that the current reading program should be enhanced giving more focus on giving judgment. KEYWORDS: implementation of 8-week reading program, struggling readers, basis for enhanced school remediation program

PORTFOLIO ASSESSMENT AND NUMERICAL COMPETENCE OF AT RISK JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

This study sought to determine the level of utilization of portfolio assessment and the level of numerical competence of the at risk junior high school students. Eventually, it sought to determine the significant relationship between the independent and the dependent variables. This study made use of a descriptive correlation non-experimental quantitative research method. It was descriptive because the data were presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Portfolio Assessment and Numerical Competence of at-risk Junior High School Students”. According to Gay (2006) descriptive-correlation design determines and supports the way things are. Using a questionnaire in conducting a survey, interview or observations usually collects the data. The study was conducted in Digos City National High School, Division of Digos City. The respondents of this study were the 200 at risk junior high school students of the research locale who answered the questionnaire. Universal sampling procedure was utilized in this study in determining the respondents considering the large number of respondents in the research locale. This study revealed that in terms of basic competencies in mathematics, at risk junior high school students displayed good performance in the basics of mathematics. This finding was the basis for policy recommendation that would address the weak points of the at risk junior high school students. The school needed to design a program that would address the grey areas of the results of the study. KEYWORDS: portfolio assessment, numerical competence, risk junior high school students

MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH AND LEVEL OF HOUSEKEEPING SKILLS OF GRADE FIVE PUPILS

This study sought to determine the extent of multidimensional approach and level of Housekeeping Skills of Grade Five Learners. This study will make use of a descriptive-co-relation non-experimental qualitative research method. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Housekeeping Skills of Grade Five Learners”. According to Gay (2022) descriptive-correlation design determines and supports the way things are. Using a questionnaire in conducting a survey, interview or observations usually collects the data.The study was conducted in Maibo Elementary School, Division of Davao del Sur. The respondents of this study will be the 132 grade five learners of the research locale to answer the questionnaires. Universal sampling procedure will be utilized in this study in determining the respondents considering the manageable number of grade five learners of Maibo Elementary School.This study revealed that the grade five learners in Maibo Elementary School have proficient level in housekeeping. The school needs to initiate more housekeeping activities to develop further the housekeeping skills of the learners. KEYWORDS: multidimensional approach, level of Housekeeping Skills, Grade Five Learners

UTILIZATION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM: BASIS FOR CAPACITY BUILDING OF TEACHERS LEARNERS’ DATA MANAGEMENT

This study sought to determine the level of implementation of digital information system as basis for capacity building of teachers’ learner data management skills. This study made use of a descriptive survey research method. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the level of implementation of e-information system relation to the records management skills of the school planning officers. This study was conducted in the public elementary schools of Matanao II district, Division of Davao Del Sur. The respondents assessed the implementation of digital information system as basis for capacity building for teacher’s learner data management skills in the research locale. Universal sampling procedure was used in determining the respondents considering the small number of teacher-respondents in the research locale. This study revealed that the level of implementation of digital information system is High which means that the teachers oftentimes utilized digital information in keeping records which developed their learners data management skills. KEYWORD: Digital Information, Data Management

ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF EARLY GRADE IP LEARNERS: BASIS FOR A BRIDGING PROGRAM

The general purpose of this study is to look into the language proficiency level of the Early Grade IP learners which eventually be the basis of a bridging program that will be designed.This study employed the non-experimental descriptive survey research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Language Competence of IP Learners: Basis for a Bridging Program. According to Good (2020), this method of research shows merely description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2021). This study was conducted in the schools of Sulop district. The respondents in this study were the 210 IP learners of the research locale. The respondents answered a researcher made assessment test on their oral and comprehension skills. This study makes use of the universal sampling procedure considering the manageable number of respondents in the research locale. This revealed that Early Grade IP learners display basic skills in reading which means that their reading skills need to be developed further so that when reading stories, they do not comprehend the stories literally but they will read between the lines in order to have a broad understanding of the literary piece that eventually brings lesson and new insights. KEYWORDS: english language, proficiency of early grade, learners, basis for a bridging program

POLITICAL SKILLS OF SCHOOL HEADS: BASIS FOR COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR COMMUNITY LEADERS

This study sought to determine the political skills of school heads as basis for competency development of community leaders. This study made use of a descriptive survey research method. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Political skills of school heads: basis for Competency Development of Community Leaders”. This study was conducted to the school heads of Matanao 2 district. The respondents assessed the level of political skills of school heads. Universal sampling procedure was used in determining the respondents considering the small number of teacher-respondents in the research locale. Through a comprehensive analysis of the political competencies exhibited by school heads, this research aims to establish a correlation between these skills and effective community leadership. By examining the strengths and areas of improvement in the political skill set of school heads, this study seeks to provide insights into how enhancing these skills can contribute to the overall development of community leaders. The findings offer valuable recommendations for tailored training programs and resources to boost the political acumen of school heads, thereby fostering improved community leadership and societal advancement. This study revealed that political skills of school heads is high although there are still areas that they need competency development to be more effective in managing schools. KEYWORDS: Political skills, development for community leaders

Parental Support and Pupils’ Observed Values

Parental support helps in developing children's observed values, moral guidance, social behaviors, and general character development. This study was undertaken to determine the level of parental support to pupils’ classroom performance in terms of attendance, behavior, and reading; to determine the level of pupils’ observed values in terms of makatao, maka-Diyos, makakalikasan, at makabansa; and find the significant relationship between the levels of parental support to pupils’ observed values. The study was conducted in three schools of Alubijid West District, Division of Misamis Oriental with one hundred thirty-seven (137) Grade 5 pupils as actual respondents selected through purposive universal sampling. The study used a descriptive correlational research design with documentary analysis which incorporated a quantitative approach in gathering numerical data through a questionnaire. It also used Mean and Standard Deviation and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (r). Results showed that in the level of parental support to pupil’s classroom performance, Behavior got the highest at Very High Support Level. On the level of pupils’ observed values, Makabansa got the highest at Always Observed Level. Moderate positive correlation between the two variables was evident and it shows that there was a significant relationship between the level of parental support in terms of attendance, behavior, and reading to pupils’ observed values. Thus, parental support to pupils’ classroom performance is essential not only for increased academic performance but more importantly the improved core values which are necessary for the holistic development of a child. It is recommended that parents may support their children's classroom performance by creating regular study time at home and maintaining open communication with children and with their teachers.

SCHOOL-BASED MANGEMENT AND INSTRUCTIONAL TASK OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

The study aimed to determine the extent of school-based management and the extent of instructional task of public secondary school teachers. This study employed a non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing descriptive-correlation method. Validated questionnaire and Universal sampling procedure were utilized considering the minimal number of teachers in the research locale. One hundred twenty (120) public secondary school teachers were the respondents of the study. Using mean, Pearson-r, and regression analysis, the findings revealed that the extent of school-based management was extensive while the extent of instructional task of public secondary school teacher was also extensive. Moreover, the overall results disclosed that indicators for the school-based management were positively correlated to the instructional task of public secondary teachers. Further, results from the regression analysis revealed the following have a strong influence of school-based management on the instructional task of public secondary teachers: leadership and governance and curriculum and planning. On the other hand, accountability and continuous improvement and management of resources are not related to the instructional task of public secondary school teachers. It is recommended that teachers are prone to commit lapses on the school-based management, every school should devise an improved Developmental Plan on School-Based Management or enhance it if there is already a program to ensure that the school management is promptly addressed and given utmost attention. KEYWORDS: School-based management, instructional task

QUALITY WORK LIFE AND TEACHERS’ DEDICATION OF PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

The study aimed to determine the extent of quality work life and the level of teachers’ dedication of public elementary schools. This study employed a non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing descriptive-correlation method. Validated questionnaire and Universal sampling procedure were utilized considering the minimal number of teachers in the research locale. One hundred twenty (120) public elementary school teachers were the respondents of the study. Using mean, Pearson-r, and regression analysis, the findings revealed that the quality of work life was extensive while the extent of teachers’ dedication of public elementary schools was also extensive. Moreover, the overall results disclosed that indicators for the quality of work life were positively correlated to the teachers’ dedication of public elementary schools. Further, results from the regression analysis revealed the following have a strong influence of quality work life on the teachers’ dedication of public elementary schools: job characteristics, compensation, and working conditions. It is recommended that the Department of Education should allocate sufficient funds to guarantee that schools have access to the infrastructure, technology, and teaching materials required to support efficient teaching and learning. For teachers to manage stress and maintain a healthy work-life balance, it also offers support services like counselling, mental health support, and wellness programs. KEYWORDS: Quality work life, teachers’ dedication

Colorectal Cancer Screening Using Immunochemical Faecal Occult Blood test in Perak – A Cross-Sectional Study

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Malaysia (13.5%).1 Immunochemical faecal occult blood test (iFOBT) is known to be a newer, simpler, more sensitive, less expensive and non-invasive approach to CRC screening available.2, 3 The objectives of this study was to describe sociodemographic characteristics, prevalence of positive iFOBT tests and association between positive iFOBT tests, sociodemographic characteristics and colonoscopic findings of detecting CRC in Perak. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study, involving secondary data review of all patients screened for CRC using iFOBT in 96 government health clinics in Perak, from 1/1/2019 until 31/12/2019. Universal sampling method was used. Total of 819 patients were screened. Detailed colonoscopic findings were obtained from database in Perak State Health Department. Mean age was 62.64 (±7.37) years, 50.7% were females and 49.3% were males. Majority of respondents were Malays (57.4%) and iFOBT tests were done in urban government health clinics (67.8%). Out of 819 respondents, 3.1% obtained positive iFOBT results, majority being Malays (1.7%), females (1.6%) with age <65 years old (1.8%). Among the 3.1%, only 4 had pre-cancerous/cancerous lesion colonoscopic findings. Analysis of association between positive iFOBT results, sociodemographic characteristics and colonoscopic findings revealed no significant association between age and gender with colonoscopic findings. There was significant association between ethnicity and colonoscopic findings (p=0.037), however, only 4 tested positive. The detection rate for carcinoma is suboptimal using iFOBT test, probably due to the low numbers screened. Further strengthening of the program is needed to achieve a more favourable outcome.

Learning Styles and Academic Performance of IP Learners

Learning styles are determined by how individuals approach learning, understanding, and remembering information. The researcher employed descriptive type research. The respondents of the study were composed of one hundred twenty-nine (129) Grade V and VI learners of Manolo Fortich District IV namely, Impakibel Elementary School and Santiago Integrated School. The researcher selected the respondents through universal sampling method. The researcher adopted the learning style questionnaire of Ramos and Lopez (2020). Data were evaluated employing mean and standard deviation. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to distinguish the significant relationship between the learning styles and academic performance of IP learners. The study revealed that Visual Learning Styles was highly preferred learning style by IP learners. Kinesthetic Learning Style was undecided by IP learners. Furthermore, there is no significant relationship between auditory and visual learning style and academic performance. However, kinesthetic learning style and academic performance of IP learners have a significant relationship. Thus, teachers may design classes and activities that suit to the learning style preference of their learners. Therefore, action research is recommended

Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Tumor Characteristics in Breast Cancer Patients.

Introduction Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women worldwide, but there is little literature regarding the effects of vitamin Donbreast cancer patients in the Indian population. Hence, this study was planned to determine the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and tumor characteristics in breast cancer patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary healthcare facilityin central India among allnewly diagnosed patients with breast carcinoma who had received primary surgery and pathological confirmation. We performed universal sampling and included 50 patients in the study. We excluded patients with insufficient histopathological reports, those unfit for surgery, and those with hepatic or renal failure, metabolic bone disease, malabsorption, orrecent consumption of vitamin D (patients who had received oral vitamin D in the preceding two weeks, or vitamin D injection in the preceding six months). Results Among the 50 patients, 86% were vitamin D deficient, with a mean deficiency of 23.54. Vitamin D deficiency is most common in the age groups 41-50 years and >60 years, with the mean age group of 51.49 years. The left side is more involved than the right in vitamin D-deficient patients. Most patients were moderately and poorly differentiated, suggesting a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and tumor differentiation. Almost half the patients were estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2/neu) status negative with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was highest in Her-2/neu amplified, luminal A, and B patients. The mean lymph node-positive participants was 4.04, and the mean number of lymph nodes extracted was 15.58 in vitamin D-deficient breast cancer patients. Conclusion The prevalence of low vitamin D status was high among breast cancer patients. There is an association between vitamin D deficiency and tumors with poor prognostic features. Low vitamin D levels were considered a risk factor for ER, PR, and Her-2/neu-negative tumors along with positive lymph node status in breast cancer patients. Vitamin D status is a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer.Thus, it is concluded from this study that vitamin D has a potential role in the prevention of breast cancer, it may reduce its aggressiveness, and its deficiency is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.

Morphological and molecular preservation through universal preparation of fresh-frozen tissue samples for multimodal imaging workflows.

The landscape of tissue-based imaging modalities is constantly and rapidly evolving. While formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material is still useful for histological imaging, the fixation process irreversibly changes the molecular composition of the sample. Therefore, many imaging approaches require fresh-frozen material to get meaningful results. This is particularly true for molecular imaging techniques such as mass spectrometry imaging, which are widely used to probe the spatial arrangement of the tissue metabolome. As high-quality fresh-frozen tissues are limited in their availability, any sample preparation workflow they are subjected to needs to ensure morphological and molecular preservation of the tissues and be compatible with as many of the established and emerging imaging techniques as possible to obtain the maximum possible insights from the tissues. Here we describe a universal sample preparation workflow, from the initial step of freezing the tissues to the cold embedding in a new hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/polyvinylpyrrolidone-enriched hydrogel and the generation of thin tissue sections for analysis. Moreover, we highlight the optimized storage conditions that limit molecular and morphological degradation of the sections. The protocol is compatible with human and plant tissues and can be easily adapted for the preparation of alternative sample formats (e.g., three-dimensional cell cultures). The integrated workflow is universally compatible with histological tissue analysis, mass spectrometry imaging and imaging mass cytometry, as well as spatial proteomic, genomic and transcriptomic tissue analysis. The protocol can be completed within 4 h and requires minimal prior experience in the preparation of tissue samples for multimodal imaging experiments.

STRESS MANAGEMENT AND TEACHERS' PERFORMANCE IN THE TERESIAN DAUGHTERS OF MARY-MANAGED SCHOOLS

This study investigated the stress management and teachers’ performance in the Teresian Daughters of Mary-Managed Schools High School Department. The study used the non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing correlational method. The respondents were composed of 149 teachers in the Teresian Daughters of Mary-Managed Schools High School Department using a universal sampling. The statistical tools used were Mean, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient Correlation and Regression Analysis. The findings revealed that the teachers were able to always observe stress management. This suggests that they are able to control their stress by being respectful and responsible, managing and communicating existing and future work, managing the individual within the team and reasoning/ managing difficult situations. Meanwhile teacher’s performance is always observed by the teachers. This indicates that teacher is able to observe always the expected standard performance in terms of designing learning experiences for children, knowledge and understanding of subject matter, strategies for facilitating learning and interpersonal relationship. There is no significant relationship between the stress management and teacher’s performance in the Teresian Daughters of Mary- Managed Schools High School Department. None of the domains of the stress management that significantly influence of the teacher’s performance in the Teresian Daughters of Mary-Managed Schools High School Department. It is articulated in this study that that further study may be conducted on the other stress management indicators that may influence the teacher’s performance in the Teresian Daughters of Mary-Managed Schools High School Department. It was concluded that teachers who have always observed stress management do not have an impact to their performance. KEYWORDS: Stress management, Teacher’s performance, Teresian Daughters of Mary- Managed Schools.

The Impact of Academic Staff Appraisals on Job performance in Rwanda's Private Universities

The study aimed to investigate the impact of staff appraisals on job performance within higher education institutions in Rwanda. Its objectives were to assess the types of appraisals conducted in private universities, evaluate job performance in a selected university, and determine the impact of staff appraisal on job performance. Methodologically, the study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. A sample of 40 academic staff and 2 senior officials from one university was selected using universal and purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and one-on-one interviews. Key quantitative findings included a low frequency of academic staff appraisals, with Management by Objectives (MBO) and self-evaluation being the predominant methods. Despite this, job performance among academic staff was generally high, with an overall mean score of 3.49. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation (p < 0.01) between staff appraisals and job performance, indicating a moderate relationship (r = 0.547) between the two variables. Based on these findings, it is recommended that higher education institutions in Rwanda consider enhancing their staff appraisal systems to further improve job performance. Implementing more regular and comprehensive appraisal processes, along with diverse appraisal methods, could potentially lead to increased motivation and productivity among academic staff

Teachers’ Utilization of Digital Tools and Confidence in Technology

The utilization of technology has emerged as a crucial instrument for educators to augment instruction and enrich the educational encounters of learners. This study sought to determine the extent of teachers' utilization of digital tools, their level of confidence in technology, and the significant relationship between the extent of teachers' utilization of digital tools and confidence in technology, among the 101 teachers from the nine (9) schools of Manolo Fortich III District, Division of Bukidnon, chosen through universal sampling. This study utilized two instruments. One was a research-made questionnaire for the teachers’ utilization of digital tools and for the teachers’ confidence in technology was adapted, and modified questionnaire from the study of Heather (2014). Descriptive statistics were used such as mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The study revealed that most of the time teachers utilized Excel/Spreadsheets than video/Capcut. Teachers' confidence level in technology found to be Always Confident. Furthermore, teachers' utilization of digital tools such as PPT/canvas, video/caput and the like, and Excel/spreadsheets has a significant relationship to teachers' confidence in technology. Thus, to enhance video/CapCut usage, teachers need training, support, and collaboration. Schools should provide professional development, technical assistance, and recognition of achievements. These efforts boost confidence in digital tools, improve pupils’ learning, and encourage creative teaching methods in the digital era.