United Nations Educational , Scientific And Cultural Organization Research Articles

Analyzing ICESCO's Capitals of Culture Program: Impacts on Education, Science, and Culture in Comparison to UNESCO and Global Initiatives

This research article rigorously examines the Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ICESCO)'s Capitals of Islamic Culture Program, focusing on its profound impact on education, science, and culture. It seeks to provide a scholarly analysis suitable for academic submission. The study employs a comprehensive approach, drawing insights from official documents, existing literature, and interviews with ICESCO officials. Key highlights of the research include an exploration of the program's historical context and its influence on the Islamic world. The article conducts a comparative analysis, positioning ICESCO's initiatives alongside similar programs by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and other international organizations, offering a global perspective. Furthermore, the article evaluates the achievements and experiences of the Capitals of Islamic Culture, emphasizing their substantial contributions to education, science, culture, and their alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These contributions span areas such as education, innovation, sustainable communities, climate action, justice, and partnerships. While recognizing the program as a platform for promoting Islamic culture and fostering intercultural dialogue, this study sheds light on associated challenges. It underscores the importance of a robust documentation system to effectively evaluate and record the experiences of designated capitals, thereby optimizing the program's potential to highlight the diverse and rich cultural tapestry of the Islamic world. This research article offers a scholarly and scientific analysis of the Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ICESCO)'s Capitals of Culture Program, focusing on its impact on education, science, and culture while providing a comparative perspective with global initiatives. It aims to enrich academic course and deepen our understanding of this cultural program's words significance in the Islamic world.

Research on the Strategy of Cultivating Children's Creative Thinking in Picture Book Teaching

In Creativity refers to people's ability to produce new views on things, including breaking through conventional thinking in thought and behavior. Creative thinking is the core of creativity. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) stated in 2009 that the mission of education is to cultivate young children full of possibilities. Therefore, to cultivate children with creative thinking, we should follow the nature of children and encourage them to explore and practice. In the 21st century, the cultivation of creativity has become the focus of national and even social attention, and creative thinking is the core and foundation. Therefore, cultivating creative thinking is the key to the development of creativity.

Optimization of virtual design and machining time of the mold master ceramic jewelry products with Indonesian batik motifs

Batik has been the cultural heritage of the Indonesian nation since the 17th century. On 2 October 2009, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designated Batik as part of Indonesia’s traditional clothing as Indonesia’s cultural heritage. This research proves that Batik is an attractive and artistic ornament of ceramic jewelry products. This ornament can increase the selling value and storytelling of the product. Naruna is a local handmade porcelain ceramic factory in Indonesia with excellence in unique colored tableware and consistently trying to develop new designs in ceramic jewelry. Modern technology in computer-based virtual design and machining on dining plate tableware with the Batik Kawung motif is also applied in this paper to obtain a master design for ceramic jewelry prints. The design stage begins with selecting ornament patterns with creative methods to form a 3D CAD model of ceramic jewelry using artistic Art CAM. The optimization of computer-aided manufacturing-based to obtain machining strategy using the software. The software is Autodesk Power Mill, whose NC Code can be directly manufactured on a CNC router machine. This combination can speed up the production process time to meet the production capacity at Naruna and get detailed, accurate, precise, and consistent textures and ornaments, thereby meeting NCS consumer demand for ceramic jewelry products. The simulation results of the two master print patterns are 141 h, 56 min, and 46 s; the machining time is estimated at 153 h. This research saves about 11 h of time processing. The resulting NC Code can be appropriately processed on a CNC router machine with a Mach 3 post-processor.

Alfabetização no Programa de Educação Fundamental da Unesco

Abstract This article examines and discusses the topic of literacy within the Basic Education Program (1946-1958) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Drawing from Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories, the theoretical analysis centers on his conception of utterance as a guiding framework. Employing documentary research, the focus lies on analyzing documents authored by UNESCO’s directors-general and specialists commissioned for organizational studies. It challenges the position of literacy within the program, delving into controversies surrounding the formulation of guiding principles to be followed by UNESCO, its educational viewpoint, the idea of fundamental education, and the positioning of literacy within this framework while scrutinizing the so-called ideal concept behind UNESCO’s global educational initiatives. The conclusion highlights that the integration of literacy campaigns into UNESCO’s educational agenda stemmed from a shift in its perception, emphasizing its instrumental nature and the ongoing need for educators to advocate for literacy across diverse age groups, resisting its reduction to a merely mechanistic and purely functional aspect.

Alternate Edens: History, Evolution, and Origins in UNESCO's Cultural and Scientific History of Mankind.

In 1963, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) published the first volume of its long-awaited cultural and scientific history of mankind. First announced in 1948, the History of Mankind was envisioned as a comprehensive, universal human history, from the evolution of Homo sapiens to the middle of the twentieth century. This article uses editorial conflicts over the site of the cradle of the human species to explore the position of scientific knowledge in world history writing and to examine tensions between different national traditions of expertise at a moment of political and scientific transition.

Professor Khodadoust and his sign

Professor Ali Asghar Khodadoust was a pioneer and innovative corneal transplant surgeon with international reputation. He was born in Shiraz, Iran, in October 1935 where he later founded the Khodadoust eye hospital in 2003. He studied Medicine at Shiraz university and went to the United States of America (USA) in 1959 to continue his medical education. While in America, he did extensive research into corneal transplantation and rejection and was the first to describe the endothelial rejection sign which was named after him as the “Khodadoust line”. It separates the immunologically damaged endothelium from unaffected endothelium in cornea and represents transplant rejection. Dr Khodadoust completed his fellowship training at Wimer Eye Institute at Hopkins and was later involved in establishing an exchange program between Shiraz university in Iran and Hopkins university in the USA which ran between 1968 and 1979. He was a faculty member of Yale and John Hopkins universities in the USA. Dr Khodadoust was honoured as a national treasure to Iran in a ceremony organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Shiraz in 2015. He died in New York, USA, in March 2018 aged 82.His life, works and achievements, will be presented in this lecture.

Hierarchical Modelling of Smart Digital Cultural Heritage Spaces: An XML-Based Approach

Extensible Markup Language or XML was created with the aim of making information self-describing. In contrast to Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), XML is not seen as a markup language but rather as a toolkit for creating mark-up languages. Immersive technologies provide Cultural Heritage spaces with the opportunity to implement a smart digital immersive user journey, but an inclusive design should be prioritised as it is a fundamental right for all individuals to participate in cultural life as stated by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO). A well-formed XML schema can allow museum curators to implement a smart digital immersive system and strategically position technological devices to optimise interactivity in the user journey. An objective of this paper is to review the theoretical background of XML and determine its suitability to model smart digital Cultural Heritage spaces. Design Science Research (DSR) will also be analysed and applied to the design of an initial XML schema to provide a hierarchical structure for a smart digital immersive user journey. The schema will be applied to an artificial Cultural Heritage setting which is manually designed in this paper to illustrate an example of a smart digital immersive environment and does not represent a real location. The results indicate that XML can support Cultural Heritage professionals to digitise their user experience in a way that is human-centred and harnesses the beneficial aspects of digital technologies.

An initial exploration of market dynamics and financial investment strategies in the cultural industries

The current cultural industry is an important driver of economic growth and has received widespread attention and emphasis from countries around the world. According to reports from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the global cultural industry output has reached 12 trillion US dollars, and has been steadily growing since 2000. In this context, exploring the market dynamics and financial investment strategies of the cultural industry has become a popular and intriguing topic. Although countries have different definitions, names, and scopes for the cultural industries, it can generally be divided into sub-industries such as film, broadcasting, cable, music, publishing, professional sports, performing arts, gambling, online games, theme parks, and fashion and luxury. Regardless of any of these cultural industry sub-industries, the supply and demand relationship is the core of market dynamics and directly affects the direction of cultural industry development and market opportunities. At the same time, financial investment strategies are the basis for investors to make investment decisions, and investment objectives are achieved through optimizing investment portfolios and reducing risks. Therefore, this work attempts to explore the market dynamics and financial investment strategies in the cultural industry. Through market supply and demand factors and general economic principles, it proposes differences and suggestions for the market dynamics and financial investment strategies of different cultural industry sub-industries.

UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation Case Studies—Zhangfei Temple Folk Custom Street as An Example

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) established the Asia-Pacific Cultural Heritage Conservation Award in 2000.The award aims to recognize the achievements of individuals and public-private sectors in protecting or restoring buildings, places, and immovable properties of heritage value in the region.It encourages individual participation and public-private cooperation to protect the cultural heritage of the area for the benefit of future generations.This paper adopts literature research and case analysis as the primary research methods.Referring to the judging principles and standards of the New Design category in the 2022 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Conservation Award, based on the investigation and research of the case in China—Chongqing Yunyang County Zhangfei Temple Folk Custom Street, it deeply analyzes the problems and deficiencies in the protection strategy of Zhangfei Temple Folk Custom Street.It also explores the underlying logic of the sustainable development path of cultural heritage protection, hoping to provide valuable reference experience and practical reference for more cultural heritage application projects participating in this competition in the future.

Flood inundation assessment of UNESCO World Heritage Sites using remote sensing and spatial metrics in Hoi An City, Vietnam

Flooding is the most frequent and damaging threat to The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites, and has been exacerbated by climate change. Hoi An Ancient Town, one of the world's cultural heritage sites in Vietnam, is facing inundation risks from increasing extreme flood events due to anthropogenic and natural processes. This study combines Geospatial Information System (GIS), remote sensing data, and landscape ecology metrics to assess the flood risk of Hoi An City. The analysis includes (1) classification of land-use/land-cover (LULC) using Sentinel-2 data; (2) computation of a flood risk index using hazard characteristics, physical and demographic exposures, and physical and socioeconomic vulnerabilities, together with adaptive capacity and spatial metrics, and the Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to determine the weight of each index and ranking; and (3) determination of flood risks for the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Hoi An City and the surrounding areas. By comparing model outputs with historical flood locations (N = 330), the study finds that >75% of past floods occurred at high or very high-risk areas forecasted by the model. Results from the model verified by true flood incidents show that the inundation hotspots are concentrated in the city's heritage sites, where human and climate changes have impacted landscape structure. The flood inundation risk mapping obtained from the synthesis analysis, encompasses hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, offering holistic knowledge to help reduce and manage flood risks at Hoi An World Heritage Sites. This method can be applicable to other sites with similar characteristics.

The Effect of Education and Health as Fundamentals of Human Capital on Global Competition: A Panel Data Analysis on OECD Countries

The aim of the current study is to analyze the effect of education and health as the main elements of human capital on global competition in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries using the Granger Panel Causality Test. Accordingly, in the application part of the study, with the data obtained from the World Economic Forum (WEF), the World Bank (WB), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) databases, a panel data set was established for 18 OECD countries for which healthy data could be reached for the period of 2004-2018. As a result of the analysis, a causality relationship was determined between each variable representing education and health as the basic elements of human capital and the global competition for short term. When the results of the Westerlund (2007) panel cointegration test were examined, it was seen that there is a long-term relationship between the Global Competitiveness Index (gci) variable and all the other variables except for variables h1 and h2.

Evaluation of the Suspensioning Decision of Hydropower Dam in the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco) World Natural Heritage Registered Forest (The Case of Shafarood Dam, Iran)

Objective: The Hyrcanian forests (Caspian forests) are located in western Asia and were inscribed on the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage List in 2019. The construction of the hydropower Shafarood dam began in these forests in 1990.Because of budget deficits and the suspensions incurred by opposing activists in 2013, dam construction has only advanced by 23% ever since. The main purpose of this paper was to evaluation of the suspensioning decision of hydropower dam in the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world natural heritage registered forest.
 
 Theoretical framework: The case of this study was the Shafarood dam in Iran. There were several meetings held between opposing and agreeing stakeholders and the relevant organizations and therefore, it was decided to unsuspend the project provided that specific changes are made to the plan and adequate financial resources are allocated. The dam’s reservoir has caused the destruction of 175 hectares of Hyrcanian forests and its biodiversity. Forests play a key role in reducing greenhouse gases on a global scale.
 
 Result: Based upon the collected data and opinions from the proponents and opponents of the dam construction, and according to the options of implementing or terminating; the environment was divided into three categories and accordingly, the environmental impact assessment (EIA) was performed. Finally, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) was proposed for this dam and those under construction or suspended in forested areas.
 
 Conclusion: To minimize the negative environmental effects of Hydropower Shafarood dam, an environmental impact reduction plan was proposed, whichmainly focused on mitigating measures. Reduction measures in this plan include reducing the height of the dam, proper localization of supply materials required for the dam construction, replacing modern agriculture with traditional agriculture, looking for an alternative water supply for drinking and industrial sector via conventional and unconventional methods, forest rehabilitation.

Frameworks for climate risk management (CRM) in cultural heritage: a systematic review of the state of the art

PurposeA comprehensive understanding of the determining factors and implications of the frameworks for appreciating the relationships between climate risks and cultural heritage remains deficient. To address the gap, the review analysed literature on the management of climate risk in cultural heritage. The review examines the strengths and weaknesses of climate risk management (CRM) frameworks and attendant implications for the conservation of cultural heritage.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a two-phased systematic review procedure. In the first phase, the authors reviewed related publications published between 2017 and 2021 in Scopus and Google Scholar. Key reports published by organisations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) were identified and included in Phase Two to further understand approaches to CRM in cultural heritage.FindingsResults established the changes in trend and interactions between factors influencing the adoption of CRM frameworks, including methods and tools for CRM. There is also increasing interest in adopting quantitative and qualitative methods using highly technical equipment and software to assess climate risks to cultural heritage assets. However, climate risk information is largely collected at the national and regional levels rather than at the cultural heritage asset.Practical implicationsThe review establishes increasing implementation of CRM frameworks across national boundaries at place level using high-level technical skills and knowledge, which are rare amongst local organisations and professionals involved in cultural heritage management.Originality/valueThe review established the need for multi-sectoral, bottom-up and place-based approaches to improve the identification of climate risks and decision-making processes for climate change adaptation.

6.O. Workshop: Overview of Comprehensive Sexuality Education Status in Moldova, Georgia, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan

Abstract Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is a key dimension of overall health and wellbeing of individuals. Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) is one of the most important means of promoting and supporting youth is their sexual and overall development, and a key component of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) prevention. It is widely recognised that school plays a central role in learning about health and health promotion skills, including sexuality and sexual health. Nevertheless, there is often a lack of evaluation of CSE implementation in school curriculums. This is why UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund) and BZgA (Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung), in cooperation with UNESCO((United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), WHO (World Health Organization) and IPPF EN (International Planned Parenthood Federation), conducted a study in Moldova, Georgia, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan to assess the status of CSE. In this workshop, we will describe the study process, reflect on the main findings in four countries and discuss two case studies of Moldova and Georgia. The speakers will also share their experiences of translating these findings into advocacy measures and achievements since the study conducted in 2022. The data was collected using the standardized Sexuality Education Review and Assessment Tool (SERAT) via desk reviews of relevant policies, curricula and national data, questionnaires, stakeholder interviews (e.g., with teachers, representatives of technical working groups and ministries of education, young people) and discussions to validate the findings. Overall, we have seen that all four countries teach sexuality education, which is supported by adequate legal and policy frameworks, and integrate it into their school curricula. The comprehensiveness of the curriculum, teacher training and learning methods differ across the four countries. In Georgia, the biggest CSE-related challenge is that there is a stigma in society around sexuality-related issues and there is a need to support an open dialog with key stakeholders. In Moldova, this was the second SERAT assessment within 5 years, which demonstrated a significant progress in the development of sexuality education program since 2017, achieving a much higher score of compliance with the international standards for CSE. Key messages • This study shows that the four countries assessed are on a positive track in implementing and expanding their sexuality education programmes, which are supported by a legal and policy environment. • Gaps still remain in teacher training, monitoring and evaluation, and the comprehensiveness of the delivered content.

Appreciating failure and success to help nations unite

Research methodology The author employed a five-step approach: Data (e.g., qualitative primary and secondary data) collection (about a major project at the examined organisation), Critical thinking (in order to determine the dilemma), Setting learning objectives (e.g., with respect to the Bloom's taxonomy), Testing (in order to confirm the teaching plan) (e.g., with research assistants and doctoral candidates), and Ensuring clarity (e.g., especially for the case narrative). Case overview/synopsis The site manager at a UNESCO World Heritage Site by the name Ephesus in Türkiye (Turkey) was considering who would update the site management plan. UNESCO was regularly asking for updates. Would site management outsource the management plan from a firm? For example, the site management had had an outside firm develop the management plan and Ephesus had become a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Otherwise, would the site management rely on their own experience this time? Was there another way? Complexity academic level The educators could use the case study to introduce graduate students to “the value conception” in “marketing management” courses and to “the social exchange school of thought” in “marketing theory” courses. The learning objectives develop over the tension between owning and outsourcing main responsibilities of a scientific field as well as the tension between claims and objective evaluations. “The value conception” in “the social exchange school of thought” could improve planning in favour of humanity in a way that the United Nations could recognise (e.g., “value-based planning”). Corresponding discussions motivate a main question about the future: What is marketing for?

The ISSN International Centre and its Network: A brief Introduction

The article recalls the rationale behind the creation of the ISSN international center placed under the dual auspices of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO).It describes the recent progress achieved by the ISSN International Centre, particularly regarding the openness and quality of ISSN data. The objectives of the Centre's current strategic plan are detailed.

초등학교 방과후 학교의 수업 프로그램을 활용한 주산교육에 관하여

In this study, in order to examine the importance of abacus education using the abacus, the history and flow of the abacus and the Chinese knowledge and use of abacus were recognized as intangible cultural heritage of humanity by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) through a literature review. It was intended to provide an opportunity to re-aware of the current meaning of abacus learning, which is receiving attention again through after-school class programs in Korea. Abacus education, which was evaluated as ‘oriental wisdom’, gradually fell out of favor with the development of computers, but its value and usefulness are still recognized in the ‘After-School Programs in Elementary Schools’, which began to be operated separately from the regular curriculum. The continued participation of students is evaluated as a positive phenomenon. The main purpose of operating after-school is the educational system of‘complementing and expanding school educational functions’. It can be seen that it has unlimited development potential to resolve the ‘education gap’ by ‘supplementing and expanding the regular curriculum,’ such as the purpose of reducing parents ‘private education costs and meeting care needs, and to develop the concept, specialty, and aptitude of care classes. It is hoped that such after-school education programs will provide effective satisfaction so that elementary school students can develop basic computational skills such as numbers and calculations with familiarity with numbers.

Early childhood education language environments: considerations for research and practice.

The importance of developing early language and literacy skills is acknowledged by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as a global human rights issue. Indeed, research suggests that language abilities are foundational for a host of cognitive, behavioral, and social-emotional outcomes. Therefore, it is critical to provide experiences that foster language acquisition across early learning settings. Central to these efforts is incorporating assessments of language environments into research and practice to drive quality improvement. Yet, several barriers may be preventing language environment assessments from becoming widely integrated into early education. In this brief, we review evidence on the types of experiences that promote language development, describe characteristics of language environment assessments, and outline practical and philosophical considerations to assist with decision-making. Further, we offer recommendations for future research that may contribute knowledge regarding strategies to assess and support language development. In addressing both areas, we highlight the potential for early childhood language environments to advance equity.

Exploring the descriptions of World Heritage properties through the perspective of water using a narrative approach

ABSTRACT A comprehensive understanding of water systems across space and time is key, both for sustainable urban development and heritage preservation. However, so far, a clear methodology that links the exploration of the past and the protection of heritage properties to the design of the future is still missing. We argue that an exploration of heritage through the lens of water systems using a narrative approach can facilitate the understanding and protection of heritage properties and connect heritage protection to water system thinking. In this research, we established a methodology to collect, code, categorise, and interpret the descriptions of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) World Heritage properties created by state members and approved by UNESCO to better understandthe role that water systems currently play in the identification and protection of heritage properties. Based on our findings, we argue that adding water to the analysis of heritage can help overcome the ‘culture-nature’ divide. It can also facilitate the systematic thinking necessary for understanding the historic role of heritage properties and facilitating their protection. A water narrative approach can give due recognition to indigenous water narratives in heritage identification and value assessment. We stress the need for a new water awareness and water narrative, considering the input of a wide range of stakeholders to help develop shared strategies for how to identify, treat, utilise, and manage water resources and make them an inherent part of the balanced and sustainable development of historical waterfront cities. The UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape approach and the World Heritage Canopy offer potent tools to tackle current challenges and to emphasise the importance of the new narrative and contribute to its composition.

The Development and Innovation of Social-Emotional Learning in China

In todays society, implementing social-e motional learning (SEL) is an important way to promote childrens all-round development fromthesmallsense, and the key to building global citizenship fromthelargesense. With the concept of social-emotional learning being proposed by the Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning (CASEL), and SEL was putting on the global policy agenda by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), many countries have begun to explore and carry out relevant practices according to their actual conditions. This study takes the practice of MOE-UNICEF SEL Programme Team in China as an example to analyse how the policies and practices related to social-emotion learning were diffused and innovated in China. Onthisbasis, some preliminary suggestions on policy formation, theoretical framework, areas requiring special attention, programme implementation and evaluation can be put forward, which are hoped to provide a little reference for the better promotion of SEL.