Understanding Of Intimate Partner Violence Research Articles

Older women, intimate partner violence and mental health: a consideration of the particular issues for health and healthcare practice.

To explore qualitative evidence in older women with a history of intimate partner violence and their accounts and experiences of mental health. Intimate partner violence significantly impacts the health and well-being of women who experience it. However, women who experience intimate partner violence do not form a homogenous group and the effect on older women has not been adequately distinguished. While there is a growing body of evidence to address this deficit, studies to date have tended to concentrate on older women's experiences of intimate partner violence in totality and as such mental health issues have been subsumed as a part of the whole. Meta-ethnographic synthesis of qualitative evidence. A systematic search of PUBMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, COCHRANE, Medline and PsycInfo, Sci was completed. The search included articles published up until the end of December 2015. The review identified that intimate partner violence exerts a significant impact on the mental health of older women. Intimate partner violence for women in later life is inherently complex, especially where the boundaries of violence and vulnerability have been blurred historically both within the intimate partner violence discourse and through provision and practice. This study adds to the developing knowledge and understanding of intimate partner violence for older women as a part of the growing body of evidence of the impact of intimate partner violence on the health and well-being of those who experience abuse more generally. When age and gender intersect with intimate partner violence, there are specific implications and health professionals and service providers need to be aware of these. urses and healthcare professionals are professionally accountable for the effective management and support of women who have experienced abuse. It is therefore crucial that they are able to understand and identify the possible complexity of presentations of abuse and this includes older women.

Intimate Partner Violence: Variations in Perpetrators and Treatment Allocation.

The division of batterers into subtypes is hardly ever used, neither to describe the type of perpetrator nor to indicate in the clinical decision-making process what treatment should be offered. In this study, a sample of male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) who had been advised to seek treatment at a community-based Dutch forensic psychiatric facility (N = 110), either voluntarily or mandatorily, have been divided into four subtypes based on a model reported by Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart (1994). The four subtypes are Family-Only (FO), Borderline-Dysphoric (BD), Generally Violent Antisocial (GVA), and Low-Level Antisocial (LLA). The aim of the study was to identify the subtypes and to compare the different groups on descriptive dimensions and treatment allocation. In the first part of the study, aside from identifying the batterer subtypes, important differences between the subtypes were encountered in the nature of the violence (structural vs. incidental). The characteristics of the BD subtype were found to be similar to the model except for the psychopathological dimension. Differences in allocation of treatment types between batterer subtypes were not substantial raising questions about the correspondence between typological subtypes and the judgment of clinicians. These results do suggest that more attention should be paid to the heterogeneity of the batterer population, which could improve treatment and advance our understanding of IPV.

Developing and delivering a National Framework for Collaborative Police Action to Intimate Partner Violence in Canada

The National Framework for Collaborative Police Action to Intimate Partner Violence is a document designed to provide police services across Canada with a guide to leading practices to address intimate partner violence (IPV) and to help police leaders better inform policy development and subsequent police action. The National Framework espouses the importance of a multi-agency, multi-pronged collaborative model designed to keep individuals, families, and communities safe. The document provides a shared language and understanding of IPV that can be used among police agencies and with community partners. The National Framework is the result of collective efforts involving subject matter experts from policing, academia, and community organizations, and was rooted in research funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada made available to the Canadian Observatory on the Justice System’s Response to Intimate Partner Violence at the University of New Brunswick. In August 2016, the National Framework (NF) was officially endorsed by the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police.

Gender Arguments and Paradigmatic Challenges within Intimate Partner Violence Research: A Call for a more Inclusive Paradigm of Understanding Regarding Physical Partner Violence Perpetration

This paper suggests that the epistemology surrounding intimate partner violence (IPV) is flawed due to two areas in particular: 1) an overreliance on quantitative methodologies that lack the detailed and contextual information required for complex understandings of IPV and 2) the minimization of alternative theoretical perspectives on the meaning of gender. Although an ecological perspective to understanding IPV has been advocated by the World Health Organization as a useful theoretical framework from which to understand IPV (Krug et al. 2002), few empirical studies have tested this complex perspective. We suggest that broader research approaches may prove useful in shedding light on non-conventional IPV experiences, potentially broadening our understanding of this complex phenomenon.

Partner Violence in Transgender Communities: What Helping Professionals Need to Know

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, there has been an increase in scholarly attention devoted to the study of intimate partner violence (IPV) within rainbow communities. While a growing body of scholarship now informs our understanding of the experiences of gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women with IPV, comparatively less is known about IPV within transgender communities. Drawing on the published literature on transgender intimate relationships, this article seeks to provide practitioners with a foundational understanding of IPV in the lives of transgender people. Specifically, we will examine (a) methodological, political, and social barriers to the creation of knowledge about transgender IPV; (b) the familial and relationship contexts of IPV within transgender communities; (c) the prevalence of IPV experienced by transgender survivors; (d) the dynamics of IPV perpetrated against and/or by transgender persons; (e) the problematic use of the “trans panic” defense by perpetrators of IPV in legal contexts; and (f) recommendations for supporting transgender survivors of IPV in ways that are trans-inclusive and trans-positive.

Discrediting Identity Work: Understandings of Intimate Partner Violence by Transgender Survivors

ABSTRACTThis study explores how individuals can actively work to discredit identity work. We examine eighteen transgender victims’ accounts of intimate partner violence (IPV), providing insight into how abusers undermine victims’ constructions of self-concepts. Our findings illustrate two primary strategies of discrediting identity work: altercasting and targeting sign-vehicles, including controlling through props. Empirically examining the accounts of transgender IPV victims’ experiences contributes to addressing a serious gap in research on transgender IPV victims, while expanding theoretical understandings of processes of discrediting identity work within the context of abusive intimate relationships.

Development of a practice framework for improving nurses' responses to intimate partner violence.

The aim of this article is to discuss critically the theoretical concepts of awareness, recognition and empowerment as manifested in intimate partner violence and to show how these can be translated into a practice framework for improving nurses' response. Intimate partner violence is a universal problem and is considered a significant public health issue. Nurses are in an ideal position to recognise and respond to intimate partner violence, but many lack confidence in this area of practice. In our previous empirical work, we identified three concepts through which nurses' responses to intimate partner violence can be understood: awareness, recognition and empowerment. In this article, we advance nursing knowledge by showing how these concepts can form a practice framework to improve nurses' responses to intimate partner violence. A discussion paper and development of a practice framework to improve nurses' responses to intimate partner violence. The framework comprises three principal needs of women and three related key requirements for nurses to meet these needs. Arising from these are a range of practice outcomes: enhanced understanding of intimate partner violence, increased confidence in recognising intimate partner violence, establishment of trusting relationships, increased likelihood of disclosure and optimised safety. Nurses sometimes lack confidence in recognising and responding to intimate partner violence. Awareness, recognition and empowerment are important concepts that can form the basis of a framework to support them. When nurses feel empowered to respond to intimate partner violence, they can work together with women to optimise their safety. Access to adequate and timely intimate partner violence education and training is important in improving nurses' responses to intimate partner violence. Getting this right can lead to enhanced safety planning and better health outcomes for women who experience intimate partner violence. Although difficult to measure as an outcome, nurses' improved responses can contribute to higher rates of referral for help and reduction in intimate partner violence rates.

Abused Women's Understandings of Intimate Partner Violence and the Link to Intimate Femicide

In diesem Beitrag beschaftigen wir uns im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie und unter einer feministisch-poststrukturalistischen Perspektive mit Frauen, die Gewalt durch Intimpartner uberlebt haben und damit, welche Bezuge diese Frauen zu moglichem Femizid herstellen. Hierzu wurden sieben sudafrikanische Frauen zwischen 23 und 50 Jahren in Interviews, die diskursanalytisch ausgewertet wurden, zur Geschichte ihres Gewalterlebens in Intimpartnerschaften befragt. Es wurde deutlich, dass die Frauen Gender-Identitaten entwickelt haben, die widerspruchliche und herausfordernde subjektive Erfahrungen mit Gewalt reflektieren und abhangig sind von dem spezifischen sozialen Kontext des Gewalterlebens. Auch schien eine Befassung mit potenzieller Totung zu bedrohlich, und es wurde vor allem auf Weiblichkeit und romantische Liebe rekurriert, um den Verbleib bei den gewalttatigen Partnern zu rechtfertigen. Dies legt nahe, die Frage der Totung von Frauen durch Intimpartner offensiver zu thematisieren, weil Frauen in Missbrauchsbeziehungen meist nur peripher sichtbar werden. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs160196

Psychopathy, alcohol use, and intimate partner violence: Evidence from two samples.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a substantial public health problem. Psychopathic personality is one of the most important individual difference predictors of violence and has been proposed as a key feature for understanding IPV perpetration. Psychopathy is also associated with alcohol use, a prominent risk factor for IPV. This pattern of interrelationship raises the possibility that psychopathy might mediate the relationship between alcohol use and IPV. However, few studies have examined the combined influences of alcohol use and psychopathy on aggressive behavior, and, to our knowledge, no study has directly examined these interrelationships in the context of IPV. In the present study, we aim to enhance our understanding of risk for IPV perpetration by examining the consistency of the association between psychopathy and violence across levels of alcohol use and gender in 2 samples: a prospective clinical sample (n = 703) and a cross-sectional sample of university students (n = 870). Psychopathy was associated with IPV across both samples independently and, after controlling for gender and alcohol use (R2 = .04-.08), also mediated the relationship between alcohol use and IPV among the nonclinical sample. We found that psychopathy was associated with IPV, that this relationship was consistent despite gender and alcohol use, and was evident across samples. This relationship was small but robust, and appeared to be more prominent than the association between alcohol use and IPV. Future research that examines IPV risk should consider the potential role of psychopathy, particularly when investigating risk associated with alcohol use. (PsycINFO Database Record

A feminist reconceptualisation of intimate partner violence against women: A crime against humanity and a state crime

Synopsis Intimate partner violence is, internationally, the most prevalent and serious harm perpetrated against women. Yet despite its mass scale, cross-cultural nature, and identifiable structural and institutional elements, it continues to be treated as a problem of violent individuals. In this article, I challenge existing conceptual frameworks by proposing that intimate partner violence (IPV) against women by men be conceptualised within international law as a crime against humanity and a state crime. I explain the suitability of this framework by showing that IPV can be understood as the systematic perpetration of grave harms against a particular social group, within the context of state and institutional policy, practice and ideology that institutes, authorises, endorses, and is therefore complicit, in the harm. I also suggest that IPV can be understood as a state crime because the state perpetrates the structural violence which directly underpins IPV, and because male perpetrators can be understood as proxy agents of the patriarchal state. I suggest that this original way of understanding IPV could enhance its international recognition, illuminate multiple layers of liability for the harm, and prompt more holistic responses to the problem, some of which are outlined in the final section of this article.

The Correlation Between Feminist Identity Development and Psychological Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships Among College Students

The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between feminist identity and psychological maltreatment in intimate relationships among college students. Existing research and theories have raised questions about the relationship between these constructs, but no studies have yet explored the relationship between them. The intent of the following article is to present findings and implications that can inform student affairs practice and contribute to a better understanding of intimate partner violence.

Male Veteran Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Program Outcomes

The prominence and incidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) with male military veterans vary, but generally there is consensus that screening and intervention does help reduce IPV. Intervention is generally provided in the community via Batterer Intervention Programs. However, at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) intervention is provided via the Domestic Relations Clinic. Nationally the VA has limited treatment for male IPV. An aggregate sample (n = 178) of participants was assessed using the Domestic Violence/Abuse Screen to measure covariate pre-test and post-test outcomes, program failure, and recidivism. The treatment approach is psycho-educationally based to meet the challenging and unique needs of the military veteran population. The results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of IPV and highlight the need for more intervention and prevention approaches.

Global understandings of domestic violence

Global understandings of domestic violence

Becoming better helpers: rethinking language to move beyond simplistic responses to women experiencing intimate partner violence

The prevalence of family violence is a persistent challenge facing New Zealand. Its effects are pervasive, spanning multiple levels: individuals, family/wha -nau, communities, and society in general. A major challenge in effectively addressing family violence is the apparent disconnect that exists between the various agencies and services that interact with families/wha -nau where abuse has become a defining feature of their lives. Despite efforts by agencies to become more collaborative, they tend to function in silos. In conducting a series of death reviews the Family Violence Death Review Committee has found agency records to reveal a lack of shared understanding of intimate partner violence as a gendered problem. The records misconstrue victims’ and perpetrators’ roles and convey distorted notions about the realities of victims’ lives and the context of the violence they suffer. This leads to practices that put victims and their children at further risk. In this article we discuss findings related to the use of language and the concept of empowerment that need to be critically considered by those working with victims and perpetrators and those planning and designing family violence responses and services.

Prevalence of intimate partner violence disclosed during routine screening in a large general practice

Domestic violence in its myriad shapes and forms is a crime affecting every level of society. Gaining a true understanding of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimology allows for the meaningful provision of intervention services. To explore the prevalence of IPV disclosure during routine screening in a large general practice in provincial New Zealand. Data were collected from 13 October 2008 to 30 June 2014 from 6827 individuals screened for IPV on 10 062 occasions and were analysed relative to age, ethnicity, gender, screening outcome, screener and health centre enrolled status. Analysis indicated an overall ever-positive disclosure rate of IPV of 11.1%, lower than New Zealand studies that place ever-positive prevalence as high as 78%. Maori women disclosed an ever-positive rate of 21.6%, Pacific women 13.2%, compared to 8.9% for NZ European/Other women. Casual patients positively disclosed in 13.7% of instances as opposed to enrolled patients in 10.5%. Disclosure of past abuse was made 1.3 times more often than that of a current abusive situation. Those aged between 16 and 65 years disclosed an ever-positive rate ≥10%. While nurses screened 5.5 times more patients than doctors, the doctors facilitated a higher percentage of positive disclosures than the nurses. Disclosure rates from a general practice setting do not mirror those of population studies or administrative datasets due to differences in samples and data collection methods. Routine annual screening is effective, with both doctors and nurses providing support for approximately equal numbers of patients in immediate danger.

Intimate partner violence against women in slums in India.

Intimate partner violence against women in slums in India.

Intimate Partner Violence, Military Personnel, Veterans, and Their Families

Communities throughout the country are grappling with the aftermath of the protracted wars in Iraq (Operation Iraqi Freedom) and Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom) and how to serve military personnel, veterans, and their families effectively with sensitivity to the experiences they have had and the issues they face. This article begins with a discussion of bringing a contextual analysis to the understanding of intimate partner violence (IPV) and how IPV may or may not overlap with potential co‐occurring combat‐related conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, substance use disorder, and depression. Elements of risk and danger, especially in relationship to IPV, these co‐occurring conditions, and suicide are also addressed. Implications for family court personnel start with effective methods for screening and assessment within the framework of the larger contextual analysis. The article provides tips for family court personnel by addressing the larger context, applying effective screening/assessment strategies, and utilizing resources available within the military, Veterans' Health Administration, and community settings. Key Points for the Family Court Community Understand how the larger context in which intimate partner violence is embedded affects risk, danger, and treatment/intervention. Be able to discuss the intersection of intimate partner violence and co‐occurring combat‐related conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, substance use disorder, and depression and how to approach screening, assessment, and treatment/intervention. Understand the importance of screening and assessing for intimate partner violence and co‐occurring combat‐related conditions when making decisions in family court involving military and veteran families.

Deconstructing Accounts of Intimate Partner Violence: Doing Interviews, Identities, and Neoliberalism

This article engages in a reflexive, critical, analysis, re-examining data from an earlier project that used qualitative interviewing to investigate the experiences of women who came into contact with police because of situations of 'verbal abuse'. In the present article, we use discursive psychology to explore how the women navigated narratives of abuse during the interviews; the ideological influences at play; and constructions of identity. During the interviews, the women worked to construct favourable social identities, by drawing on institutional discourse, direct, and indirect speech. Their narratives revealed the influence of neoliberal ideologies and practices on their understandings of intimate partner violence and their victim identities. While they were committed to a neoliberal worldview that emphasized individualism, they simultaneously recognized the need for police intervention. These contradictory ideological investments were reflected in the women's fluctuating identity constructions as disempowered/empowered victim, and victim/perpetrator. We argue that such competing investments, for these women and the broader public, create ideological dilemmas which inhibit collective action towards social change. Language: en

Gender, alcohol and intimate partner violence: Qualitative comparative study

Aims: The study compares young adults’ cultural understandings of intimate partner violence (IPV) and its connections with alcohol use and gender roles.Data and analyses: Comparative focus group interview data were collected in seven countries (Argentina, Finland, Italy, Nigeria, Uganda, Uruguay, Sri Lanka). Similar lists of codes and coding procedures were used in analyzing the data in all countries.Findings: According to the dominant image of IPV, the perpetrator is a man and the victim is a woman. Many discussions dealt with the gender-specific legitimation of IPV, and the groups from different countries expressed somewhat different views on the gender differences, the moral responsibility of both parties and the mitigating factors of violent behaviour in these discussions. Views on alcohol as a contributing factor for IPV were more similar in all cultures. According to most of the groups, intoxication offers a culturally acceptable excuse to escape responsibility, alcohol's pharmacological effects make violent behaviour more likely, heavy drinking can affect the relationship in a negative way, and the victim's drinking increases the risk of violence. Alcohol was said to have a somewhat different role in situational and in continuous IPV.Conclusions: Results give support to reduction of heavy use of alcohol as an available and feasible method of prevention of IPV. However, prevention of IPV requires paying attention to its other reasons as well, especially the structural gender inequality.

Media Portrayals of Female Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence

Preventing intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health priority. An important component of designing prevention programs is developing an understanding of how media portrayals of health issues influence public opinion and policy. To better understand the ways in which media images may be informing our understanding of IPV, this study content analyzed portrayals of IPV in news media articles. Stratified media outlets were used to obtain a representative sample of daily newspapers based on their designated market areas. Researchers created constructed months using weeks from each season across a 2-year period. The first part of the study investigated quantitative differences in the coverage of female and male perpetrators (n = 395) and identified several areas where coverage differed. The second part of the study qualitatively examined coverage of female perpetrators (n = 61) to provide a richer description of such coverage. This study contributes to our understanding of female perpetrators and how these portrayals may contribute to the larger gender symmetry debate surrounding female aggressors. Implications for public health policy and research are discussed.