Underground Personnel Research Articles

IPL: Image-Assisted Person Localization for Underground Coal Mines.

Underground personnel localization is highly important in the operations of coal mines. Considering the special underground environment, this paper introduces a novel localization scheme based on step detection and image recognition technologies, which makes use of unique characteristics of the underground environment like the dark environment and the miner’s lamp. Since the underground topology is relatively simple, the miner can be located only by step information. However, the localization with step information always causes the problem of cumulative error. To solve this problem, we rebuild a special base station with a camera in a dark underground environment. A miner’s lamp, which every miner carries, can simply transform to irradiate unique shapes (such as triangles, rectangles, and circles) and every coal miner at the base station can identify these shapes based on image recognition technologies. Thus, we can obtain the miner’s precise position when he/she is passing by a base station. In that way, we can correct the localization results to solve cumulative error. We implemented our algorithm in indoor and underground environments. The experimental results show that 96% of spatial errors were 2.5 m or less.

Underground Operator Monitoring Platform Based on Ultra-Wide Band WSN

This paper aims to accurately locate underground personnel in coal mines. For this purpose, an underground personnel positioning platform was established on the wireless sensor network (WSN). Specifically, the ultra-wide band (UWB) and the time difference of arrival (TDOA) positioning algorithm were introduced briefly, in view of the underground operation environment. Then, the underground operator monitoring platform was developed based on UWB-WSN and compared it with different positioning techniques through experiments. The results show that the proposed platform achieved a high positioning accuracy and satisfied the needs of real-time monitoring of underground personnel. The research findings shed new light on the mitigation of personnel and property losses in coal mine accidents.

Advances in fibre optic based geotechnical monitoring systems for underground excavations

Geotechnical stability is a major concern for the long-term safety and integrity of underground infrastructures such as tunnels, railway stations, mine shafts and hydraulic power chambers. An effective geotechnical monitoring system is able to provide adequate warning to underground personnel prior to any unexpected major geotechnical failure. This paper reviews the conventional geotechnical monitoring sensors and the emerging Fibre Optic Sensing (FOS) techniques, pointing out their unique features and major differences. Recent advances in various FOS based monitoring systems, including Brillouin time domain distributed optical sensors and fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, are investigated through a critical review of the laboratory studies and field applications used for underground geotechnical monitoring. Particular emphasis is given to fibre packaging, temperature compensation, installation methods and instrumentation performance in the underground environment. A detailed discussion of the advantages and limitations of each FOS monitoring system is also presented in this paper.

A Framework of a 3D DCPCS Based on UWB Positioning in Underground Mining

The real-time positioning and information feedback of the underground workers and equipment play a key role to achieve the safety digital mine because of the complex work scenario of non-coal mining in China, especially the injuries and collisions caused by the alternate operation between operators and vehicle equipment in underground mining. There are relevant requirements in the safety hazard called “six systems” which includes the personnel positioning, communication links, monitoring and controls, but the results are not prominent after investment and construction for its ambiguous definition of the scope of the standard and reasonable defects. This paper aims to study the application of Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) in underground personnel positioning, by comparing and analyzing traditional underground positioning technology. Combined with 3D scanning three-dimensional modeling technology, the UWB signal can also be used to construct 3D digital interactive underground map to enhance the accuracy of positioning information and the intuitiveness of monitoring perspective in control center. The framework of a 3D dynamic comprehensive prevention and control system (hereinafter referred to as 3D-DCPCS) based on UWB positioning in non-coal mining is proposed, depending on the supports of these technologies. Among them, UWB is a non-carrier communication technology. Its signal has strong anti-jamming performance and high transmission rate, which can improve the accuracy of real-time underground positioning. And the interactive 3D modeling technology is a new type of media, which can enhance the user's sense of reality through the transformation of pilot and perspective view. This framework of 3D-DCPCS is designed to have some specific modules, including user identity management module, underground three-dimensional map module, 3D interactive monitoring window module, underground risk assessment module, anti-collision module of personnel and vehicle, safety information statistical management module and other functional modules. This system can achieve the functions of different users' identity role management, underground safety risk identification and grade assessment, map of underground risk area, precise positioning and dynamic control of underground operators’ vehicles, remote control and communication of underground equipment and personnel and 3D dynamic monitoring of underground operation scenarios. Meanwhile, these functions can be targeted to update through a period of security information statistical feedback. The system can be applied to comprehensive prevention and control monitoring of correlative complicated operating environment, by relating to the mentioned framework and specific situation of non-coal mine. It would be of practical values to improve the safety of underground personnel, standard safe operation of mechanical equipment and man-machine orderly cooperation in underground non-coal mine if it would be built and put into application.

Characterization of a mine fire using atmospheric monitoring system sensor data.

Atmospheric monitoring systems (AMS) have been widely used in underground coal mines in the United States for the detection of fire in the belt entry and the monitoring of other ventilation-related parameters such as airflow velocity and methane concentration in specific mine locations. In addition to an AMS being able to detect a mine fire, the AMS data have the potential to provide fire characteristic information such as fire growth - in terms of heat release rate - and exact fire location. Such information is critical in making decisions regarding fire-fighting strategies, underground personnel evacuation and optimal escape routes. In this study, a methodology was developed to calculate the fire heat release rate using AMS sensor data for carbon monoxide concentration, carbon dioxide concentration and airflow velocity based on the theory of heat and species transfer in ventilation airflow. Full-scale mine fire experiments were then conducted in the Pittsburgh Mining Research Division's Safety Research Coal Mine using an AMS with different fire sources. Sensor data collected from the experiments were used to calculate the heat release rates of the fires using this methodology. The calculated heat release rate was compared with the value determined from the mass loss rate of the combustible material using a digital load cell. The experimental results show that the heat release rate of a mine fire can be calculated using AMS sensor data with reasonable accuracy.

Аналитический обзор условий труда подземного персонала нефтяных шахт Ярегского месторождения

Аналитический обзор условий труда подземного персонала нефтяных шахт Ярегского месторождения

Research on Underground Personnel Positioning Method Based on PSO-GSA Optimization

In the case of coal mine accidents, in order to ensure timely rescue of the suffering people in a complex environment of underground localization, focusing on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in underground personnel positioning accuracy is low and the problem of dynamic tracing parameters changes. Therefore, using an improved gravitational search algorithm (GSA) for the weighted centroid localization that based on RSSI. Utilizing the log distance path loss model gets the distance between the beacon nodes and unknown nodes, and then through the weighted centroid localization algorithm perform the unknown node positioning. Finally, the improved GSA-PSO optimizes the preliminary location results and parameters. Proposed solutions to establish simulation model is verified in MATLAB, and use the on-chip system CC2430 chips experiment platform is established. Experimental results show the proposed method can improve both the positioning accuracy effectively and the adaptive ability of changeful environment.

Influences of fuel concentration, fuel volume, initial temperature, and initial pressure on flame propagation and flameproof distance of methane-air deflagrations

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand a flameproof distance necessary to avoid the flame harms to underground personnel which may have great significance to the safety of underground personnel and the disaster relief of gas explosions in coal mines. Design/methodology/approach – Through a roadway with a length of 100 m and a cross-section area of 80 mm×80 mm, the flame propagation of premixed methane-air deflagrations were simulated by using AutoReaGas software for various fuel concentrations (7, 8, 9.5, 11, and 14 percent), fuel volumes (0.0128, 0.0384, 0.064, and 0.0896 m3), initial temperatures (248, 268, 288, 308, and 328 K), and initial pressures (20, 60, 101.3, 150, and 200 kPa). Findings – The maximum combustion rate for each point follows a changing trend of increasing and decreasing with the distance increasing from the ignition source, and it increases with the fuel volume increasing or the initial pressure increasing, and decreases with the initial temperature increasing. However, increasing the initial temperature increases the flame arrival time for each point. The flameproof distance follows a changing trend of increasing and decreasing with the fuel concentration increasing, and it linearly increases with the fuel volume increasing or the initial temperature increasing. However, the flameproof distances are all 17 m for various initial pressures. Originality/value – Increasing initial temperature increases flame arrival time for each test point. Flameproof distance increases and then decreases with fuel concentration increasing. Increasing fuel volume or initial temperature linearly increases flameproof distance. Initial pressure has little impact on the flameproof distance.

Survey Paper on Wireless Underground Positioning System

This paper discuss the structural design of staff positioning techniques in unsafe places in underground mines, this paper also highlights the gains and weaknesses of wireless sensor network technology and address an economical, continuous monitoring system of covert mine workers security. It can realize the effective management of precise positioning of man and machine. This article presents the composition of system, the enactment and management of network formation. The actual application shows that the ZigBee technology can play an important role in underground personnel information and security management.

Application of the Downhole Monitoring Based on Zigbee Wireless Communication Technology

ZigBee technology is a kind of self organization of short distance, strong anti-interference, low cost, emerging wireless sensor network application that has attracted wide attention. Therefore, this paper studies and designs a real-time positioning system of underground personnel based on ZigBee system, the positioning of the sensor carrying miners through the wireless sensor network. This will help to achieve the attendance management of underground personnel, the real-time location of underground personnel, and effectively improve the monitoring level and efficiency of disaster relief as coal mine safety product to guarantee the life safety of the employees. According to the actual environment, the localization algorithms of popular wireless sensor networks were fully investigated, through the comprehensive demonstration, selection of wireless location algorithm based on RSSI, and deducing the mathematical model of the signal transmission attenuation.

The Development of Underground Personnel Data Terminal Based on RSSI Location

Based on the emerging ZigBee wireless RF communication technology, this paper presents the design of a miner information collection terminal. The entire system is designed around the CC2431 SoC hardware circuit, through ZigBee networking, to achieve the location of underground environment and miner vital signs data acquisition, so that it can provide effective help to quickly carry out rescue work.

Study on Safety Expert System Based on Internet of Things

In order to realize instant and accurate safety monitoring and early warning of key segments of coal mines, the development, structure and characteristics of "Internet of Things" (IOT) were discussed, which indicated that EPC Global and Ubiquitous ID (UID) systems are the most prevalent two models and Both contain “acquisition, transmission, processing and feedback of information”. After that, the physical model of safety expert system (SES) was established based on IOT, and the information acquisition segment was also introduced, which functioned as the core in the whole system. SES was thus utilized in coal mines which include different monitoring and control systems such as underground personnel monitoring system and automatic control system of main fan, and also an application example was discussed. The results show that the SES will be of great importance in safety monitoring and alerting of coal mines and worth promotion.

Positioning System of Underground Coal Mines Based on ZigBee Technology

The study introduces the man and machine positioning system of underground coal mines based on the ZigBee Wireless Communication Technology. It can realize the effective management of the precise positioning of machine and the workers. This article presents the composition of the system, the performance and management of content and network formation. The actual application shows that the underground man-machine positioning system based on ZigBee technology can play an important role in the underground personnel information and security management. So the system can meet the needs of the mine safety management and there has great application prospect. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i5.4039

Positioning Algorithm of Underground Personnel Based on ZigBee Technology

In recent years, people pay more and more attention to coal production safety. In order to enhance the security of underground work, optimize the coal mine management, and improve the personnel location accuracy, a newly arisen technique based on ZigBee with the low power, low cost and low complexity, which is suitable for being used to implement personnel position in underground coal mine, is built after comparing with several kinds of major wireless technology. In this paper, we present a new algorithm of underground personnel position based on this new technology. The algorithm uses Gaussian filtering algorithm and Bayesian statistics theory. The algorithm has been tested and the result has been analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides more accurate position than positioning algorithm using RSSI.

RFID-Based Underground Personnel Positioning System Design

Because the safety factor of underground mining issues, we have designed an RFID-based underground personnel positioning system design, the system can be used in systems for daily attendance, reduce accidents in human factors, safety in the event of an accident, for accident investigation provide an important basis.

Design and Realization of the Positioning System for Workers in Pits Based on ZigBee Technology

In order to satisfy the need of short distance wireless personnel positioning, a ZigBee compliant personnel positioning system has been designed. ZigBee technology and its characteristics was been introduced,and analysed the ZigBee wireless communication protocol, and using the CC2430 chip and CC2431 chip with positioning engine. On this based, the personnel positioning system is studied and the design of hardware, software of the wireless communication application development, achieve the underground personnel positioning. It can provide abundant data, graphic information, real-time monitoring well from ground personnel,.in accordance with the actual situation of coal mine provide attendance function. After the accident, the accident can be fast retrieval when underground staff location specific distribution, so as to formulate timely and effective rescue measures. This network system satisfied the needs of the underground personnel positioning requirements of wireless short distance, low cost, convenient construction, and easy to use.

Research on Anti-Collision of Personnel Positioning in Underground Coal Mine Based on RFID

in order to avoid signal collision when two or more tags send recognizable signals to the reader of underground coal mine personnel tracking system , the binary tree search algorithm along with algorithms which improved from them is discussed, an adaptive anti-collision algorithm is proposed .In the respects of time and space the algorithm shows obvious advantages than the binary tree search algorithm ,so the probability of collision reduces greatly and the problem of collision maybe effectively solved.

The Software Design of Underground Mine Personnel Management System

According to the requirements of National security Supervision department,aimed at the low safety factor and the backward of personnel management, a coal mine underground personnel management system has been developed. The system adopted the Industrial Ethernet and CAN bus for transmission medium, disposed and managed the data from substation in time. This article introduced the framework of Design software and the main functions module of the software and database structure.

Research of Underground Tag's Anti-Collision Algorithm

Study of the conflict questions of multiple miners (electronic tag) in the same RF induction area of the underground personnel positioning system. Analyze the Pure Aloha algorithm, Time Slot Aloha algorithm, Dynamic Framed slotted Aloha algorithm based on Binary algorithm. And put forward a kind of mixed anti-collision algorithm through improved.

A Down Hole Safety Management ML2012 System Based on RFID Technology

This paper presents a ML2012 system of the downhole safety management system based on RFID technology downhole safety jobs. The development and production of the set of underground personnel positioning, attendance, hardware maintenance, and day-to-day management is one comprehensive application systems. Monitoring and positioning of the coal mine personnel, vehicles and disaster relief to help. It has an extremely important significance to improve mine management level to ensure the safe production of enterprise automation.