Unconventional Character Research Articles

जिउँदो लास नाटकमा असामान्य पात्र {An Unusual Character in Jiundo las Drama}

The article titled "Abnormal Characters in Living Corpse Drama" delves into the peculiar behavior and thoughts exhibited by the characters within. It explores how desires, harbored within the conscious mind, become suppressed in the unconscious realm due to their inability to be fulfilled in a timely manner. Drawing from Sigmund Freud's psychological theory, it posits that when such repressed sentiments cannot find external expression, characters manifest abnormal behaviors when confronted with challenging circumstances within the play. Urmila, for instance, depicted as awaiting her husband for years, finds herself in a state of profound dependency, unable to endure solitude. Symbolically represented by Mausuli, a snake, her husband's absence haunts and terrifies her in her dreams. This imagery symbolizes the struggle of existing as a living corpse, consumed by a desire for death rather than embracing a legitimate existence. Similarly, Radhakrishna emerges as an unconventional character who perceives individuals as Murkutas and classrooms as Masanghats. Through the utilization of subheadings such as topic introduction, study method, theoretical framework, plot analysis of Jiendo Las Natak, and examination of Jiondo Las Natak, the article meticulously dissects the abnormal behaviors of the characters. Ultimately, the article concludes that if repressed desires remain unfulfilled over time, individuals may descend into abnormality and mental instability, ultimately leading to their demise.

ВИЗУАЛЬНАЯ МИЛИТАРИЗАЦИЯ БЫТИЯ: ГОЛЛИВУДСКИЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ЭСТЕТИЗАЦИИ НАСИЛИЯ

the centuries-old communication between the elite and the masses in the context of modern mass culture has gradually acquired a rather unconventional character. Instead of the usual system of coercion in its various forms, visual ways of manipulating people’s feelings and thoughts are becoming increasingly popular in political discourse. The complex of corporate economic and political interests is becoming the reason for the active transformation of the modernmanagement system under the influence of decisive biopolitical arguments introduced by the authorities into the socio-cultural space. As an archaic form of realization of power interests, war is becoming widespread today, replacing physical coercion with media programming of feelings, thoughts and behavior of individuals. For many decades, the American horror film has successfully positioned itself as one of the most effective ideological tools for establishing effective biopolitical control over the masses of consumers both inside and outside the United States. It is Hollywood horror cinema that acts as a non-trivial, effective and most profitable way to aestheticize and visually promote violence as natural forms of civilization.

Fourfold Symmetric Superconductivity in Spinel Oxide LiTi2O4(001) Thin Films.

The charge frustration with the mixed-valence state inherent to LiTi2O4, which is found to be the only oxide superconductor with spinel structure, is the impetus for paying special attention to unveil the underlying intriguing superconducting properties. Here, we report a pronounced fourfold rotational symmetry of the superconductivity in high-quality single-crystalline LiTi2O4(001) thin films. Both the magnetoresistivity and upper critical field under an applied magnetic field manifest striking fourfold oscillations deep inside the superconducting state, whereas the anisotropy vanishes in the normal state, demonstrating that it is an intrinsic property of the superconducting phase. We attribute this behavior to the unconventional d-wave superconducting Cooper pairs with the irreducible representation of Eg protected by the Oh point group in cubic LiTi2O4. Our findings show the nontrivial character of the pairing interaction in a three-dimensional spinel oxide superconductor.

The Collection of Wonders

Astrid Lindgren’s and Ingrid Vang Nyman’s novels and picture books about Pippi Longstocking are filled with swarms of objects, both every-day items and exotic treasures, which are gathered around the main character in a jumbled and joyful disorder. In this article, the constellations of every-day objects and artefacts, food, and treasures are studied in relation to the tradition of still-life painting and the motif of curiosity cabinets. The article argues that the norm-breaking essence of Pippi Longstocking is expressed not only in the text but also by the way the interior of Pippi’s home is organized both spatially and materially. Furthermore, a self-reflective and intertextual context is brought to the fore. Here, art historian Victor Stoichita’s theoretical work will be used as a standing point for the analysis, alongside research about the text-image interaction in picture books and illustrated children’s literature. Lindgren’s unconventional character functions as a catalyst in the stories which highlight norms, standards and expectations. However, in doing so, the character herself is portrayed as strange, exotic, and curious – very similar to the strange and wonderful things surrounding her.

Virtual patients: an option for future distance midwifery education?

The objective is to introduce the creating a set of virtual patients (VPs) to support distance midwifery education as well as the impact of distance education by means of VPs on knowledge, skills, motivation, clinical practice, and student satisfaction. VPs were created using OpenLabyrinth (OL). The impact of the distance education was assessed using a feedback questionnaire. When creating our own VPs, the design and development phase can be considered the most difficult. On a scale of 1 (agree) to 4 (disagree), the student feedback rates were mostly positive (1.04-2.13). A high degree of agreement was associated with the acquisition of theoretical knowledge (1.15-1.28) and skills (1.43). The creation of our own VPs is challenging for teachers due to its unconventional character. The students expressed great satisfaction with distance learning, but lacked face-to-face contact with the patient.

INFORMATION ACTIVITIES – ESSENTIAL WARFIGHTING FUNCTION IN TODAY’S MILITARY OPERATIONS

Abstract: The nature of recent military conflicts, largely unconventional, essentially involves two common features related to the type of actors involved and the methods used. If regarding the first of these, one can observe that the tendency is of metamorphosis of conflicts towards the area where state actors are forced to confront malignant non-state actors, such as terrorists or insurgents, the second refers to the methods used in such confrontations, most of them having an unconventional character, which does not comply with international conventions or the laws and principles of armed conflict, methods that have, because of the unprecedented technological development, increased in number and intensity. In this context, military forces have tried to adapt their approach to conflicts, to adjust their force structures, types of operations, but also the related procedures to try to find an optimal response in countering such behaviors. Against this background, the concept of information operations has acquired an essential importance, the use of actions subsumed to it offering the possibility of military force to create effects in the psychological dimension by influencing the target audience, with immeasurably greater results than the classical approach, with effects only in physical dimension.

Two-fold symmetric superconductivity in few-layer NbSe2

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been attracting significant interest due to a range of properties, such as layer-dependent inversion symmetry, valley-contrasted Berry curvatures, and strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Of particular interest is niobium diselenide (NbSe2), whose superconducting state in few-layer samples is profoundly affected by an unusual type of SOC called Ising SOC. Combined with the reduced dimensionality, the latter stabilizes the superconducting state against magnetic fields up to ~35 T and could lead to other exotic properties such as nodal and crystalline topological superconductivity. Here, we report transport measurements of few-layer NbSe$_2$ under in-plane external magnetic fields, revealing an unexpected two-fold rotational symmetry of the superconducting state. In contrast to the three-fold symmetry of the lattice, we observe that the magnetoresistance and critical field exhibit a two-fold oscillation with respect to an applied in-plane magnetic field. We find similar two-fold oscillations deep inside the superconducting state in differential conductance measurements on NbSe$_2$/CrBr$_3$ superconductor-magnet junctions. In both cases, the anisotropy vanishes in the normal state, demonstrating that it is an intrinsic property of the superconducting phase. We attribute the behavior to the mixing between two closely competing pairing instabilities, namely, the conventional s-wave instability typical of bulk NbSe$_2$ and an unconventional d- or p-wave channel that emerges in few-layer NbSe2. Our results thus demonstrate the unconventional character of the pairing interaction in a few-layer TMD, opening a new avenue to search for exotic superconductivity in this family of 2D materials.

Broken time-reversal symmetry in the topological superconductor UPt3

The topological superconductor UPt3, has three distinct vortex phases, a strong indication of its unconventional character. Using small-angle neutron scattering we have probed the vortex lattice in the UPt3 B phase with the magnetic field along the crystal c-axis. We find a difference in the vortex lattice configuration depending on the sign of the magnetic field relative to the field direction established upon entering the B phase at low temperature in a field sweep, showing that the vortices in this material posses an internal degree of freedom. This observation is facilitated by the discovery of a field driven non-monotonic vortex lattice rotation, driven by competing effects of the superconducting gap distortion and the vortex-core structure. From our bulk measurements we infer that the superconducting order parameter in the UPt3 B phase breaks time reversal symmetry and exhibits chiral symmetry with respect to the c-axis.

Shakespeare in anger or about the strategies of rendering invective in literary translation

The article deals with the specifics of reproducing invective from William Shakespeare’s tragedy “King Lear” in Ukrainian translations by Panteleimon Kulish, Panas Myrny, Maksym Rylsky and Wassyl Barka. The research offers a communicatively-oriented approach to defining invective as an insulting expression construed on the basis of a negative appraisal of an addressee by a speaker. This approach expands to the maximal degree the range of possible means of expressing invective by including some stylistic devices and basically any linguistic units with connotations of a negative appraisal. As a result, the translator’s main task is to ensure pragmatic effect of an insult by preserving its negative appraisal and a concomitant emotive charge. At the same time invective’s unconventional character may require the translator’s additional attention as to preserving its semantic and structural specificity. The article demonstrates how historically the Ukrainian strategies of translating Shakespeare’s works were formed under the cultural influence of French (classicistic) and Russian (academic) traditions but not without the influence of Ukrainian own (travesty) tradition characterized by particular attention to employing rich colloquial resources of the Ukrainian language. The research allowed to single out three local strategies of translating Shakespeare’s invective within corresponding global strategies of translating his plays. All the analyzed translations were made under the strong influence of artistic and aesthetic views of the translators all of whom are established Ukrainian writers and / or poets. The XIXth century translations made at approximately the same time by Kulish and Myrny, implement the strategy that can be charactrerized as realistic-populist. Its main features are attentive attitude towards the source text and prevalence of Ukrainian colloquial means of expressing insult. Rylsky’s translation made on the grounds of neoclassicism is marked by the functional approach to reproducing invective with simultaneous omission of Shakespeare’s individual and archaic obscene expressions. In his translation, Rylsky gives preference to literary means of insult. Instead, Barka’s translation made on the grounds of neobarocco is of a formal-semantic character, though the translator somewhat overindulges in his own creative word-formation and thus ruins the balance of conventional and unconventional means of expressing invective in the source text.

O modernismo negro segundo Paulo Lins

Neste artigo apresento o segundo romance de Paulo Lins como um tipo de romance de tese. Lins relê os nascimentos do samba do Estácio e das escolas de samba em termos altamente autorais. Recriando o momento de encontro dos artistas modernistas de 1922 com os artistas populares, Lins sublinha o caráter inspirador e anticonvencional que tal encontro teve à sua época e que pode ser atualizado. A noção posterior da contribuição decisiva da cultura escrava à vida nacional permeia o romance, mas agora a arte neoafricana é tratada como uma vertente do modernismo, o que obriga o autor a uma tomada de posição nas discussões sobre o que sejam vanguarda, arte moderna e pós-moderna.

Atomistic tight binding study of quantum confined Stark effect in GaBixAs1−x/GaAs quantum wells

Recently, there has been tremendous research interest in novel bismide semiconductor materials (such as GaBixAs1−x) for wavelength-engineered, low-loss optoelectronic devices. We report a study of the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) computed for GaBixAs1−x/GaAs quantum well (QW) structures based on large-scale atomistic tight-binding calculations. A comprehensive investigation of the QCSE as a function of the applied electric field orientations and the QW Bi fractions reveals unconventional character of the Stark shift at low Bi compositions (). This atypical QCSE is attributed to a strong confinement of the ground-state hole wave functions due to the presence of Bi clusters. At technologically-relevant large Bi fractions (10%), the impact of Bi clustering on the electronic structure is found to be weak, leading to a quadratic Stark shift of the ground-state transition wavelength, similar to previously observed in other conventional III–V materials. Our results provide useful insights for the understanding of the electric field dependence of the electronic and optical properties of GaBixAs1−x/GaAs QWs, and will be important for the design of devices in the optoelectronics and spintronics areas of research.

ADDRESSEE’S FACTOR IN THE LIMERICK DISCOURSE

The article deals with the analysis of the addressee’s factor foregrounding in the limerick discourse. The study demonstrates that the limerick discourse is characterised by an addresser-writer’s and an addressee-reader/listener’s reciprocality via idiosyncratic protagonists portrayed by an addresser-writer. A limerick presents a laconic mini-story that describes a certain comic and ridiculous situation or event that happened in the life of an unconventional character with no less absurd and unexpected outcome. The limerick discourse comprises two types of communication − the one between an addresser-writer and an addressee-reader/listener through the text of the limerick, and the other − dialogues between protagonists. The limerick discourse is marked by a minimum length of phrases, an associative conjecture, varied stylistic devices, which include an irony, a play of words, hyperbole, onomatopoeia, alliteration and others, expressive syntax constructions aimed at producing an anticipated pragmatic effect on an addressee-reader/listener. Socio-cultural, mental stereotypes and an addresser-writer’s voiced attitude to the information content are traced clearly in the limerick discourse, though broad context allows various interpretations by an addressee-reader/listener. Besides, rhyme and rhythm play an important part in an addressee’s emotional and semantic reception of a limerick. The correct pausation pattern and the right tempo of a limerick enhance an addressee’s percipiency.

Young Spanish People's Gendered Representations of People Working in STEM. A Qualitative Study.

The present qualitative study analyzes how a group of young people already involved in STEM fields perceive the prototypical person working in STEM. Gender differences between participants in technological and non-technological STEM fields were analyzed. A total of 27 young people (59.3% women) took part in the interviews (Mean Age = 25.48 years). Of them, 16 participants were working in STEM professions, and 11 were enrolled in the final courses of STEM degrees. The results of the content analysis were examined in light of social role theory and the multidimensional structure of gender stereotypes. Men in these fields were therefore attributed an unappealing and weird physical appearance. Some female participants linked STEM professionals’ intellectual abilities to the stereotype that men have higher abilities in these fields. Whereas females attributed effort and perseverance to STEM professionals’ intellectual aptitudes, males referred to the development of soft skills. Participants in technological STEM fields connected the stereotype of being a ‘weirdo’ to a boring job, whereas those in non-technological fields linked it to their unconventional character. Some participants were disappointed by a lack of correspondence between expectations and the actual job STEM professionals do. Moreover, females in technological STEM fields commented on the job’s low social impact, while males mentioned low attainment of technical qualifications. Most referents in STEM fields were masculine, some of whom were present in the mass media. The practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Consuming Modernity and Nostalgia: A Case Study of Cross-border Representations and Fandom of Thailand-Myanmar Transnational Cinema

This paper explores representations of identities and fandom in two Southeast Asia border-crossing films, Myanmar in Love in Bangkok (2014) and From Bangkok to Mandalay (2016). Both films have already been exhibited in Thailand and Myanmar and have gained a huge following in both countries. Myanmar in Love in Bangkok portrays a contemporary migrant situation: It is a love story between a male Burmese migrant worker and a Thai woman played by Kaew Korravee, a Thai leading actress who has become famous in Myanmar because of her portrayal of this modern and unconventional character. Alternatively, From Bangkok to Mandalay, which notably presents Burmese and Siamese cultural heritage, has successfully created a feeling of nostalgia among the Thai audience, resulting in fan tourism to Myanmar. Comparing these two cases, I argue that consuming modernity and nostalgia are the main driving forces of the cross-border representations and their subsequent fandom. This paper also engages with the existing fan studies framework put forward by Koichi Iwabuchi and extends the studies of transnational fans further by considering the Southeast Asian sociocultural context.

Celebrating Sensual Indulgence


 
 
 This paper examines the construction of the poet Du Mu’s libertine image to illustrate how Chinese writers and readers of the ninth and tenth centuries validated the search for sensual pleasure by associating it with literary talent, unconventional character, and political disengagement. In doing so, they added indulgence in sensual pleasures to the repertoire of fengliu cultural ideals, a repertoire previously associated with reclusion and drinking. Because sensual pleasure was traditionally viewed as trivial and/or disruptive to social order, ninth-century writers approached the new ideal with considerable ambivalence. Although Du Mu had fashioned a libertine poetic self-image as a young man, he attempted to shed this image later in life. I argue that it was Du Mu’s readers who, by creatively reading his poems and writing anecdotes about his sexual adventures, re-imagined the poet as a figure of fascination and thus created one of the most enduring fengliu characters in Chinese history.
 
 

The Literati’s Polyphonic Answers to Social Changes in Late Imperial China

The article aims to rethink the pluralistic intellectual currents and social changes of the last centuries in China: How literati reacted to the historical changes, the economic developments, the collapse of the hierarchical order, and the social mobility from the end of the Ming to the middle of the Qing dynasty. Urbanisation, the great silver inflow, the acceleration of trade, and social mobility raised new challenges to the orthodox view of the world and to Neo-Confucian norms. These new attitudes of the Chinese literati—which can be inferred both from literary and philosophical works—uncover new attitudes in the mental structure of the intellectual strata of the time. In the history of ideas we notice a progressive detachment from the orthodox view of the conflictual relationship between principle and desires, especially in the ambit of the Taizhou school. The elaboration of a new anthropological mindset aimed at the rehabilitation of passions and desires culminated with Li Zhi. This trend went on in the Qing period, from Wang Fuzhi to Dai Zhen. In literature, a similar trend, the so-called “cult of qing ,” can be found with the moral justification of emotion-desire (establishing emotion as a genuine and active source of virtue), and with the vitalistic identification of emotions as the source of life and reproduction. Another indication of change is the challenge of common and accepted truisms through the praise of “folly” in real life situations and literary works: To be “crazy” and “foolish” became a sign of distinction among certain intellectual circles, in contrast with the pedant orthodox scholars and officials and the vulgar nouveaux riches . The unconventional character of the anti-hero Baoyu is emblematic, with his aversion for any kind of official ceremony and convention, his abnormal sensibility and impractical and naive mentality, and his consciousness of being different from others. The crisis of the established ladder of values can be seen in the exaltation of “amoral” wisdom and in the presentation of various dimensions of love, from the idealistic sentiment of “the talented student and the beautiful girl” to the metaphysical passion that overcomes death, and to the minimalist concept of “love is like food” in a carpe diem perspective. And finally another challenge is exemplified by Yuan Mei’s reflections on the concept of Heavenly Mandate, retribution, human responsibility, and historical constructions by resorting to “abnormal” phenomena to uncover the absurdity of reality and unconscious imagery. His questions testify the polyphonic debates of the late imperial China, besides established conventions and Neo-Confucian orthodoxy.

Unconventional superconductivity and an ambient-pressure magnetic quantum critical point in single-crystal LaNiC2

Superconductivity in noncentrosymmetric LaNiC$_2$ is expected to be induced by electron--phonon interactions due to its lack of magnetic instabilities. The non-Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) behaviors found in this material call into question the long-standing idea that relates unconventional superconductivity with magnetic interactions. Here we report magnetic penetration-depth measurements in a high-purity single crystal of LaNiC$_2$ at pressures up to 2.5 GPa and temperatures down to 0.04 K. At ambient pressure and below 0.5$T_c$ the penetration depth goes as $T^4$ for the in-plane and $T^2$ for the out-of-plane component, firmly implying the existence of point nodes in the energy gap and the unconventional character of this superconductor. The present study also provides first evidence of magnetism in LaNiC$_2$ by unraveling a pressure-induced antiferromagnetic phase inside the superconducting state at temperatures below 0.5 K, with a quantum critical point around ambient pressure. The results presented here maintain a solid base for the notion that unconventional superconductivity only arises near magnetic order or fluctuations.

Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of 1D {[MnIII(CN)6][MnII(dapsc)]}n Coordination Polymers: Origin of Unconventional Single-Chain Magnet Behavior.

Two one-dimensional cyano-bridged coordination polymers, namely, {[MnII(dapsc)][MnIII(CN)6][K(H2O)2.75(MeOH)0.5]}n·0.5n(H2O) (I) and {[MnII(dapsc)][MnIII(CN)6][K(H2O)2(MeOH)2]}n (II), based on alternating high-spin MnII(dapsc) (dapsc = 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(semicarbazone)) complexes and low-spin orbitally degenerate hexacyanomanganate(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. Static and dynamic magnetic measurements reveal a single-chain magnet (SCM) behavior of I with an energy barrier of Ueff ≈ 40 K. Magnetic properties of I are analyzed in detail in terms of a microscopic theory. It is shown that compound I refers to a peculiar case of SCM that does not fall into the usual Ising and Heisenberg limits due to unconventional character of the MnIII-CN-MnII spin coupling resulting from a nonmagnetic singlet ground state of orbitally degenerate complexes [MnIII(CN)6]3-. The prospects of [MnIII(CN)6]3- complex as magnetically anisotropic molecular building block for engineering molecular magnets are critically analyzed.

Absence of magnetism in the superconductor Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O : Insights from inelastic neutron scattering measurements and ab initio calculations of phonon spectra

Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O is a self-doped superconductor exhibiting a Tc ~ 21.5 K and containing, distinctively with respect to other Fe-based superconductors, not only [Fe2As2] layers but also conducting [Ti2O] sheets. This compound exhibits a transition at T* ~ 125 K which has tentatively been assigned in the literature to a possible density-wave order. However, the nature of this density wave (whether it is a charge- or spin-induced) is still under debate. Magnetism in Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O has never been experimentally confirmed, which raises the question whether this superconductor might be non-magnetic or exhibiting a very weak magnetism. Here, we report evidence from inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements and ab initio calculations of phonon spectra pointing towards absence of magnetism in Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O. The INS measurements did not reveal any noticeable change of the phonon spectra across Tc, neither could magnetic effects be observed within the accessible (Q, E) space, setting Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O as an unconventional superconductor. The effect of magnetism on describing phonon spectra was further investigated by performing ab initio calculations. In this context, non-magnetic calculations reproduced well the measured phonon spectra. Therefore, our results indicate a non-magnetic and unconventional character of the superconductor Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O.

A Sentimental Journey to Mars: Laurence Sterne and his Twentieth-Century Successors

This essay examines the idea of the journey in Laurence Sterne's Sentimental Journey through France and Italy (1768) and the manner in which it has been referred to and elaborated upon by three twentieth-century writers: Italo Svevo in Corto viaggio sentimentale (Short Sentimental Journey, 1925), Gregor von Rezzori in Kurze Reise übern langen Weg: eine Farce (The Orient-Express, 1986) and Claudio Magris in Danubio (Danube, 1986). The authors engage in a dialogue with Sterne and the literary model he proposed in his works. Despite the differences between their texts, in all of them the journey appears not only as a narrative device, but also a symbol of the never-ending quest for individual freedom, self-knowledge and erotic fulfilment. It is both a physical and psychological experience and a literary practice which allows the authors/narrators to distance themselves from cultural clichés and dogmas of their time and venture beyond social routines. This essay attempts to elucidate the unconventional character of ‘sentimental’ travel narratives and bring to the fore thematic continuities between Sterne and his twentieth-century successors.