Unconventional Character Research Articles

Ekonomski i energetski aspekti hibridnog ugrožavanja nacionalne bezbednosti

Hybrid warfare as not entirely new concept that has been intensively implemented in the modern practice, finds its interpretation in the diversity of conflict dynamics, nonlinearity of interest flow, multiple levels of subjects and responsible entities, an unarmed and unconventional character and the tendency towards departure from the classic 'Clausewitz' theory of warfare. The diversity conflict forms, which have the goals that can be identified with the war ones, contributes to the fact that we characterize phenomena which lead to domination and reduction of general and defensive capacities of opponents as a form of hybrid warfare. Hence the dilemmas that arise around the constant struggle for economic and energy resources. From the point of view of the subjects involved in this struggle of interest the questions arise whether the expressed tendency for dominance in economy and energetics represents a form of hybrid warfare and when economic and energy interests overtake the principles of an open market and become a hybrid threat to national security. A particular point of view of the abovementioned issues is highlighted in relation to small and developing countries, which are located in specific regions and have complex foreign policy relations, such as the Republic of Serbia.

The Ethics of Desire in Gertrude Stein’s “Melanctha”: A Lacanian Reading

<p>The heroine of Gertrude Stein’s “Melanctha,” the centerpiece story of her <em>Three Lives</em> (2006), is an unconventional character whose “wandering” entails involving herself in relationships with both men and women. As her lover Jefferson, contrary to Melanctha, on the other hand sets as “ethical” goal in life and strives to be “good,” there has persisted a tendency in readings of the story to read Jefferson and his classically Aristotelian moral values as superior to Melanctha. The objective of this article is to overturn this conclusion and reinstate Melanctha as ethical, through the framework of Lacanian psychoanalysis. Specifically, I will point to how Jefferson is in fact immersed in a false belief in the wholeness of the Symbolic, which is something that Melanctha continuously doubts. Melanctha refuses Jefferson’s attempts to decipher her and instead continuously heads towards the beyond of language, towards the “evil” real thing. Unobtainable as this real thing may be, “wandering” towards it while ever questioning what it may be is what Lacan claims is “ethical.” As Melanctha remains a subject who does not know, while also inviting readers to “wander” with her, she is Lacan’s ethical subject.</p>

영화 「우리에게 내일은 없다」의 의상분석

This study attempted to summarize the characteristics of fashion in the 1930s which were the background of 'Bonnie and Clyde' and analyze how fashion in the 1930s was expressed through costume in the movie, focusing on some critical scenes. For this, previous studies and domestic & foreign books, magazines and DVDs relating to movie costume were examined. For analysis of movie costume, 'Bonnie and Clyde (1967)' DVD was referred to. In the movie, meaningful scenes were captured using a GOM Player. Then, the study results found the followings: First, in terms of women's fashion in the 1930s, adult look and slim & long silhouette which naturally revealed breast, waist and hip with a long skirt, a military look with strong shoulders and tailored costume were found. In terms of men's fashion, in contrast, the Duke of Windsor Style (a slim silhouette jacket and loose pants) was popular. Second, in the movie, Bonnie's costume started with a slim linen H-line dress at her first meeting with Clyde. While committing crimes and becoming a famous gangster, she displayed the fashion styles which were in vogue in the 1930s such as fancy and luxurious slim dress, tailored suit and trench coat. Third, in terms of Clyde's costume, from his first meeting with Bonnie to his first crime, he put on common costume (ex: pants, vest, shirts, etc.) which revealed his open and unconventional character. After he became a famous gangster, he would wear the Duke of Windsor style (jacket, vest and pants). The study results well describe movie costume's role as visual language which expresses characters' inner circumstances and outer situations that reflect socio-cultural background.

From Cytosol to the Apoplast: The Hygromycin Phosphotransferase (HYG(R)) Model in Arabidopsis.

The process by which proteins are secreted via endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi-independent mechanism is conveniently called unconventional protein secretion. Recent studies have revealed that unconventional protein secretion operates in plants, but little is known about its underlying mechanism and function. This chapter provides methods we have used to analyze unconventional character of hygromycin phosphotransferase (HYG(R)) secretion in plant cells. Following isolation of protoplasts from HYG (R) -GFP-transgenic plants and incubation with brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of conventional secretory pathway, we easily obtain protein extracts from protoplasts and culture medium separately. These proteins are separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), followed by Western blot analysis with anti-GFP antibodies.

The Condemned and Condoned Mona Lisa: The Unique Characterization of Shakespeare's Gertrude

Among the most interesting female characters in Shakespeare's oeuvre is Hamlet's Gertrude. Many studies have been conducted on the critical study of the character of Hamlet's mother. Critics have split in their views of Gertrude. Many condemn her and view her as an embodiment of the frailty her son used to describe her and gender; some even go far enough to suggest a role in her husband's murder. Other critics have accepted the apparition's word adulterate to convict her. On the other hand, other critics condole with Gertrude and see in her character marks of the dull and shallow type to think of murder. She is the malleable, weak character. Feminist critics, however, came forward to highlight traits in her character deliberately ignored by male critics and insist that Gertrude is intelligent, penetrating, and gifted with remarkable talent for concise and pithy speech. This paper focuses rather on Shakespeare's unique depiction of Gertrude's character. Such excellence in the representation of this character is strikingly brilliant by making the depiction of a character that provides ample textual proof equally to either side of the critics, condemners and condolers. In this, Gertrude stands matchless. She is the Mona Lisa who keeps smiling wherever you stand to look. No other Shakespearean character is exclusively undecided, providing critics and readers with enough substance for the two opposing factions. Thus, the unconventional character of Gertrude is another manifestation of Shakespeare's brilliance.

Essence, Place and Role of Creative Economy in Innovation Development Paradigm

The article is based upon the critical analysis of numerous viewpoints of many authors on the essence and scope of the term “creative economy”; it reveals and describes specialties of socio-economic development of economic system of society at the stage of formation of new information and innovation based method of consumption and production. The article provides the authors’ essence and scope concept of “creative economy”, specific traits of creative economy (innovativeness, flexibility, responsiveness, unconventional character, globalization, creative thinking, creative projection, multi-direction of social-economic development, etc.)

Gender and Detective Literature: The Role of Miss Marple in Agatha Christie’s The Body in the Library

Considering the rise of detective fiction in the twentieth century, it is clear that Agatha Christie plays a very important role in the development of detective novels. As a female author, she achieves producing distinctive works and creating remarkable sleuths. Although her works reflect the conventional characteristics of detective narrative, what makes her fiction distinguished is the female sleuth Miss Marple, who is an unconventional character in terms of her position in Christie’s writings. Particularly, in her The Body in the Library , the character, Miss Marple, comes to the fore as an amateur investigator, who surpasses the power of patriarchal society. Her appearance among the male sleuths changes the route of the investigation when she accomplishes attaining the truth about the murder and revealing the mystery of crimes. In this sense, in a male-dominated setting, Miss Marple establishes order and morality in society and proves that women are as intelligent, reasonable and challenging as men. In this paper, Christie’s contribution to detective fiction by means of her character, Miss Marple in The Body in the Library , will be highlighted. Moreover, the stratagems Miss Marple employs to solve the uncertainties about the criminal case will be explored so as to emphasize the conflict between women and men not only in society but also in the field of criminal investigations, therefore together with her talents in the field of criminal cases, her struggles with the patriarchal values will also be discussed in this study. Thus, in this paper, Miss Marple’s efforts to enlighten the murder, her overcoming the prejudice against women and her prevailing over male-domination will be analyzed.

Heavy-fermion superconductivity in the quadrupole ordered state of PrV2Al20.

PrV2Al20 is a rare example of a heavy-fermion system based on strong hybridization between conduction electrons and nonmagnetic quadrupolar moments of the cubic Γ3 ground doublet. Here, we report that a high-quality single crystal of PrV2Al20 exhibits superconductivity at Tc=50 mK in the antiferroquadrupole-ordered state under ambient pressure. The heavy-fermion character of the superconductivity is evident from the specific heat jump of ΔC/T∼0.3 J/mol K(2) and the effective mass m*/m0∼140 estimated from the temperature dependence of the upper critical field. Furthermore, the high-quality single crystals exhibit double transitions at TQ=0.75 K and T*=0.65 K associated with quadrupole and octupole degrees of freedom of the Γ3 doublet. In the ordered state, the specific heat C/T shows a T(3) dependence, indicating the gapless mode associated with the quadrupole order, the octupole order, or both. The strong sensitivity to impurity of the superconductivity suggests unconventional character due to significant quadrupolar fluctuations.

Nodal superconductivity and non-Fermi-liquid behavior in Ce2PdIn8studied by115In nuclear quadrupole resonance

Nuclear quadrupole resonance measurements were performed on the heavy fermion superconductor Ce2PdIn8. Above the Kondo coherence temperature T_coh \simeq 30K, the spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T_1 is temperature independent, whereas at lower temperatures, down to the onset of superconductivity at T_c = 0.64K, it is nearly proportional to T^{1/2}. Below T_c, 1/T_1 shows no coherence peak and decreases as T^3 down to 75mK. All these findings indicate that Ce2PdIn8 is close to the antiferromagnetic quantum critical point, and the superconducting state has an unconventional character with line nodes in the superconducting gap.

Unconventional superconductivity pairing induced by antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in layered organic superconductors

Abstract The unconventional character of the superconductivity in organic compounds κ - ( ET ) 2 X is ascribed to an antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation induced pairing. Since the band structure involves two bands ( ± ), we assume that the large amplitude spin fluctuations arise from the band with the best nesting properties (band + ), while superconductivity pairing occurs in the other band ( - ) . We show that the nesting properties may mimic either a chemical pressure (deuterization) or a hydrostatic one. Indeed, a change of the nesting ratio t 1 / t 2 , according to our model, induces a modification of the Fermi surface topology. The spin fluctuations strength in the system is affected and consequently the calculated effective coupling constant of superconductivity for the even-parity singlet pairing channel. Our theory appears to be qualitatively consistent with major experimental reports.

Superconducting Properties of the Non-Fermi-Liquid Systemβ−YbAlB4

beta-YbAlB4 is the first Yb-based heavy fermion superconductor with Tc = 80 mK. Our study using high-purity single crystals reveals that strongly type-II heavy fermion superconductivity emerges from the non-Fermi-liquid state with enhanced ferromagnetic fluctuations. High sensitivity of Tc to sample purity indicates strong pair-breaking effects due to impurities, probably of nonmagnetic type, suggesting an unconventional character of the superconductivity.

Heavy electrons and non-Fermi liquids, the early times

In retrospect, the observation of the unusual electronic properties of CeAl 3 at very low temperatures was a major step in a new direction, away from the conventional concepts for the understanding of the ground state of metals. The new perspectives took their time to be accepted, but the discovery of superconductivity involving conduction electrons with large effective masses, and the subsequent recognition of its unconventional character, served as eye-openers. This brief review is aiming at covering some of the major aspects of this development before the discovery of high- T c superconductivity in cuprates.

Systematic Investigation of the Superconducting Behavior in Aged PuCoGa5

AbstractIn this work, we have undertaken to follow the evolution of the PuCoGa5superconducting behavior as a function of the damages created by self-radiation effects induced from the Pu-decay. It is shown that the critical temperature is particularly sensitive with ageing. Ageing effects on fundamental parameters such as the lattice parameters of the PuCoGa5and the electrical resistivity provide some new hints of the unconventional character of the superconductivity in this class of materials

Evidence for unconventional superconductivity inUPt3from magnetic torque studies

We studied the anisotropic magnetic response of the internal superconducting phases of ${\mathrm{UPt}}_{3}$ and its anisotropic magnetic susceptibility with a capacitive torque meter which is very sensitive in high fields. Experiments were performed at temperatures down to 20 mK and at various angles between the c axis (hexagonal structure) and $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{B},$ ranging from 16\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 82\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. The samples were four single crystals grown with different methods and subjected to different annealing procedures. The normal state susceptibility has a maximum around 20 K for $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{B}$ in the $a\ensuremath{-}b$ plane which we followed up to 14 T. It may arise from hybridized uranium ion states split by the hexagonal crystal field. The magnetization curves in the superconducting (SC) regime show strong irreversibilities which are highly sample dependent. They are not correlated with the internal SC phase lines but continue up to a line of fields that lies parallel to the ${B}_{c2}$ curve and even follows its kink at the tetracritical point ${(T}^{\ensuremath{\star}}{,B}^{\ensuremath{\star}}).$ In the cleanest sample this line is shifted to fields well below the $B\ensuremath{-}C$ internal phase line which then manifests itself in a pronounced kink of the magnetization curve indicating an enhanced Ginzburg-Landau parameter $\ensuremath{\kappa}.$ In another sample the $B\ensuremath{-}C$ phase line between two of the three internal SC states could be detected even in the hysteretic region. The enhanced Ginzburg-Landau parameter $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ means a larger penetration depth and/or a shorter coherence length, clear evidence for the unconventional character of the $B\ensuremath{-}C$ phase transition. With our cleanest sample we also observe an anomalous peak effect, a region of enhanced flux pinning near ${B}_{c2},$ which is probably related to the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state. In yet another sample we find a crossing of the up-down magnetization curves, also near ${B}_{c2},$ but with reversed orientation of the magnetization loops. We interpret this in terms of different flux pinning in the two main crystal directions, possibly in relation to the peak effect which is, however, masked in this sample by strong irreversibilities.

Evidence for possible spin or orbital magnetism in the superconducting state of UBe 12.91B 0.09

Although the unconventional character of the superconductivity in pure and doped UBe 13 has been well established, the precise nature of the superconducting order parameter is still unknown. We present muon spin rotation measurements in boron-doped UBe 13 showing a paramagnetic frequency shift below the superconducting transition temperature which is nearly independent of applied magnetic field (0.01-0.10 T), unlike a conventional Knight shift. No increase in line width is observed in zero field. These results are compared to observations of the paramagnetic Meissner effect in other superconductors, and are discussed in terms of the possible alignment of spin or orbital moments associated with unconventional superconductivity in this system.

Quantum tunneling of vortices in cuprate and heavy fermion superconductors

In high-Tc and in heavy fermion superconductors at low enough temperatures, pinned vortices move from one potential well to another mainly by quantum tunneling. In the superconducting cuprates, the measured creep rates at low magnetic induction and in the T → 0 limit are in excellent agreement with the values calculated within the framework of the Quantum Collective Creep theory. In the heavy fermion superconductor UPt3, the measured rates at T → 0 are much higher than the theoretical values, giving evidence that the low temperature motion of vortices in this material is possibly related to its unconventional character.

Marx on the Return of Man to Himself

As regard whether or not Marxism addresses the issue of the return of man to himself, there are basically two different opinions. Some believe it does, some not. The former hold that the return means the revival of man's dignity, value, freedom, and unconventional and uninhibited character. The latter are of the opinion that the return of man to himself was the philosophy of dialectical thinking Marx professed in his early stage, and he later negated the point of view when he became a dialectical materialist. Both claim that they uphold Marxism. Here I would like to offer some different opinions for discussion with my comrades.

On the Basis of Pleistocene Correlation in East Africa

AbstractThe scheme currently used in East Africa for Pleistocene stratigraphic correlation is bases on climate. This basis is thought to be undesirable because it consists of second-order concepts rather than of primary, objective units and because its unconventional character inhibits correlation between East Africa and other regions. Furthermore the conceptual sequence of pluvial and interpluvial Pleistocene climates is not fully supported by the field evidence described thus far. Local support exists for the Gamblian and post-Gamblian and post-Gamblian wet climates, and at one locality a wet phase of pre-Gamblian age is admissible. The other units of the current scheme require factual support before they can be accepted. It is suggested that a more conventional basis of Pleistocene correlation in East Africa is desirable.

Expressionism in Art: Its Psychological and Biological Basis

DR. PFISTER'S work is a study by psycho-analytic methods of a French artist suffering from depression, who came to the author for psychological treatment. In addition to the analysis of his dreams, the artist was asked to draw whatever he liked, and these drawings, usually of an extremely unconventional character, were treated in the same way as the dreams. The results are very interesting, both from the insight obtained into the personality of the artist and also from the light thrown on that type of art generally known as expressionism.