Umar Ibn Research Articles

Study Komparatif Tentang Hukum Jual Beli Sistem ‘Urbun Atau Down Payment Menurut Madzhab Syafi’i dan Madzhab Hambali

Bay 'urbun, otherwise known as buying and selling with an advance payment system. In the Al-Qur'an and Hadith, there is not much explanation regarding the terms of buying and selling with an 'urbun' or down payment system. The Syafi'i school prohibits buying and selling with advance payments, while the Hanbali school allows this system. The purpose of discussing this research is to find out the opinions of the two schools of thought regarding buying and selling of the 'urbun or down payment system and also the istinbath method used in. In this study using the research method library research, which comes from books, scriptures or pure essays. The aim is to provide information that can be researched about individuals, conditions, or other symptoms. The results of the discussion conclude that first, Imam Syafi'i's opinion absolutely does not allow buying and selling using the 'urbun system', besides that it also includes buying and selling that is fasid (damaged) and consumes rights in vain. Second, according to Imam Hanbali, the sale and purchase of the urbun system is permissible because both parties have agreed. Imam Shafi'i uses the hadith of Amr Ibn Syu'aib as the method of istinbath, while the Hambali School da'if it, they prefer hadiths originating from the narrations of Nafi' Ibn Harith and Umar Ibn Khattab as the legal basis.

Social Benefit System During the Government Omar ibn Khattab

Human behavior is altered by the progress of civilization. It includes elements from the fields of language, art, science, and religion. In the course of this process, civilization develops gradually over a long period of time. During the rule of Caliph Umar Ibn Khattab, one of the greatest civilizations, particularly in the post-Prophet Muhammad era, took place. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive methodology, this study collected data through a literature review. The welfare system under Umar Ibn Khattab's administration is examined in the paper. The results of the literature review show that Umar Ibn Khattab continued the policies started by Abu Bakr and made adjustments to meet the demands of society during his rule as caliph. During Umar Ibn Khattab's leadership, ghanimah (war spoils), usyur (customs duty), kharaj (land tax), jizyah (poll tax), zakat (alms), and other irregular earnings were used to increase social welfare. All of these sources of income were controlled by the Baitulmal system (public treasury). Based on each person's job and the requirements of the community, Umar dispersed social benefits. In order to build a strong human resource base for Islam, Caliph Umar made social investments to safeguard the welfare of children as well. This was done by helping infants until they were old enough to take care of themselves.

Exploring the Historical Significance of the Social Security and Welfare Systems in Islam: The Era of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab

Islam's social security system differs in nature and operation from the social security systems that are widely used around the world. The Muslim world has had access to a commendable social security system from the beginning of Islam, therefore modern social security systems are nothing new to them. In this article, the Islamic social security system under the rule of 'Umar ibn al-Khattb, the second khalifah of Islam, is studied historically.

Prevailing Legacy of the Khulāfa-e-Rāshidīn: Their enduring Influence on Present Age Islamic Governance

This study investigates the ongoing effect of the Rashidun Caliphs' (Khulafa-e-Rashideen) leadership methods on contemporary Muslim monarchs. In Islamic philosophy, the leadership of the Rashidun Caliphs, particularly Abu Bakr, Umar ibn al-Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali ibn Abi Talib, constituted an idealized type of government. Their concepts of consultation (Shura), fairness (Adl), stewardship (Khilafa), Quranic teaching preservation, and social welfare have had a significant influence on modern Islamic governance. The notion of Shura is profoundly established in current Islamic constitutions, supporting collective decision-making and shared responsibility, according to this study. The devotion to Adl is reflected in contemporary Islamic legal systems, which promote fairness, equity, and accountability, including Zakat collecting and distribution methods. The Khilafa idea may be seen in the leadership styles of many current Muslim leaders who prioritize the welfare and development of their constituency. Furthermore, the emphasis on maintaining and spreading Quranic teachings during the Rashidun era is mirrored today in the emphasis on Islamic education and Quranic literacy in Muslim-majority countries. The ongoing relevance and influence of the Rashidun Caliphs' leadership styles provide useful insights for contemporary Muslim rulers, demonstrating the eternal importance of these ideals in directing Muslim-majority states despite modern world challenges.

‘Aaqilah in the Jurisprudence of the Four Schools of Thought (Ahl Al-Sunnah): A Comparative Jurisprudential Study

Among the punishments imposed by God Almighty for the felony of murder is the blood money, which is a financial penalty that the Lawgiver determined its amount, and it is large, so that the offender cannot bear it on his own, so the Lawgiver obligated the sane person to bear the blood money on behalf of the offender in the form of support and assistance. The clan initially bore the blood money, then Umar ibn al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, transferred it to the people of the Diwan and the ministries. The tribes have disintegrated and families have separated, so the researcher sees the necessity of taking, according to Omar and the Hanafi school of thought, by charging the blood money to the people of the Diwan. He believes that some institutions can replace Diwan, such as ministries or the Social Security Authority, civil institutions such as trade unions and employees, or cooperative insurance companies. In studying this subject, I followed the descriptive, analytical and comparative approach, where I explained the concept of rationality, its reality, the sayings of the four schools of thought in each issue, and the statement of the most correct.

Divorce of Pregnant Women: A Comparative Study Analysis of The Thoughts of The Syāfi’i Mażhab and The Māliki Mażhab

This article is a comparative study of the thoughts of the Mażhab Syāfi’i and the Mażhab Māliki on the divorce of pregnant women. Mażhab Syāfi’i allows divorces to take place during pregnancy. However, some adherents of mażhab Māliki prohibit divorce from being pregnant. This writing aims to find out the legal istinbat methods used by both. This type of research includes library research with normative approaches and fiqh that is descriptive-analytic to describe the problem of divorce of pregnant women. The results of this study are that the legal istinbaţ method used by mażhab Syāfi’i is the Qur’an, and the Hadith is based on surah Aţ-Ţalāq verse 1 and Hadith from Ibn Umar RA. Otherwise, mażhab Māliki (Al-Qodhi Abu Hasan) uses “qiyas” as the method of istinbaţ his law. Abu Hasan killed a pregnant woman with a man who had menstruated until it was illegal to divorce

The Progressivity of Umar Ibn Al-Khattab's Ijtihad in Responding to Community Social Changes

This study aims to see how Umar Ibn Al-Khattab's legal ijtihad typology responds to social changes that occur in society. Ijtihad is a legal decision-making process based on syar'i arguments. During his leadership, Umar ibn Khattab was known to history as one of the caliphs who often performed ijtihad and the results often differed from those of other companions of the Prophet in terms of understanding and practice of Islamic law. Umar bin Khattab often recited the Quranic texts and hadith of the Prophet by contextualizing verses and hadiths through his maqasid approach. This research uses normative legal research methods. The data were obtained through literature review and analyzed using a descriptive analysis approach. The results showed that Umar's ijtihad pattern of Islamic law in some cases is considered as an integrated, integral, and authentic understanding in order to realize the benefit of Muslims. He carried out the policy of Islamic law by paying attention to rapidly developing social changes. Although his Ijtihad seems contrary to the provisions of the text, in fact Umar can be said to be able to understand the general principles (al-ushul al-kulliyat) of the Koran. So that the Quranic text, which has descended historically, can always provide answers and solutions to social problems of society that are always undergoing changes.

KEBIJAKAN FISKAL NEGARA INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM

Fiscal policy is defined as the policy action taken by the government, which is related to the opinion and spending of money. What is meant here is the management of state revenues and expenditures carried out by the government of a country. Indonesia's fiscal policy is reflected in the State Expenditure Opinion Budget (APBN). In the APBN, there is a government stipulation regarding the allocation and distribution of state finances. In Islamic countries, the management of state finances is handled by Bayt al-mal. Bayt al-Mal is the same as the Ministry of Finance which deals with financial matters and matters related to the state treasury. Even though Bayt al-mal was institutionally formed by the caliph 'Umar ibn Khattab. In fact, the country's fiscal policy was implemented during the time of the Prophet SAW. Al-Quran and as-Sunnah often allude to the country's fiscal policy. Among other things: the management of zakat by the state, collection of al-jizyah from the people of the book, the enactment of al-fay 'and al-ghanimah laws, as well as the Prophet's policy of public ownership.

Historiografi Hisab Rukyah

The development of Hisab-Rukyah is not widely disclosed academically because Falak Science does not currently have its place in society. The development of Hisab Rukyah, of course, must be re-expressed to show that this science has had a special place in the midst of Islamic history. The development of reckoning rukyah at the time of the Prophet Muhammad was still at the level of worship and was still simple. At the time of the Companions, the development of reckoning rukyah was also not much different, but during the Caliph `Umar Ibn Khattab the Islamic calendar system was successfully formulated. During the tabi`in period, the development of reckoning and rukyah reached the peak of its progress during the reign of the Abbasids, especially the caliphate of al-Ma'mun. This is marked by the emergence of important figures and their works which later influenced the development of reckoning rukyah after that even to this day. In the Middle Ages, reckoning rukyah had experienced a setback due to the chaos of the Islamic world at that time, works in the field of astronomy were destroyed in an attack by the Mongols, but after that reckoning rukyah was able to rise again until modern times we are experiencing now.

PARTIAL DILIGENCE"SCIENTIFIC MESSAGES" MODEL


 
 
 
 The increasing facts and developments underscore the need for purposes, because they are the means of deriving and neglecting judgments.
 The circle of research and development is narrowed, and for this reason the Sahaabah taught it in their jurisprudence.
 Among the most popular are the scholars of Islam, led by Umar ibn al-Khattab and Ali ibn Abi Talib May Allah be pleased with them.
 Ali bin Abi Talib was the owner of the solutions to solve the problems of the issues. His mental approach, which was followed by in the development of the provisions of legitimacy in the use of texts and try to understand them and ways to derive from them, and was seeking in all this to achieve the interest in the world and this seems so clear in the jurisprudential applications.
 
 
 
 
 This research confined on necessities and improvements; because they are the most powerful and most important, and that the necessities are presented to them in disagreement as well as in the response of the necessary purposes; they are not all as powerful but there are different and for that reason the strong ones offer at least strength in the disagreement.

Form, Materiality, and Symbolism in Non-Arabic Muslim Arts: A Case Study from Indonesian Wayang Performance

The puppet theater becomes a popular form of cultural expression in the Muslim world, even though wayang performances are not considered a central part of Islamic theology. Wayang performances are seen as having a spiritual significance among Indonesian Muslims for centuries. Such puppet theater incorporates forms, styles, and elements of Islamic spirituality and traditional Javanese cultural practices into its narratives. The article pays attention to the idiosyncratic forms, elements, and meanings of contemporary wayang through the craftsman’s framework. The analysis takes into account the formulation and presentation of the wayang in contemporary Indonesian art, focusing on the creation of “Wayang Kekayon Khalīfah Paraga Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb.” This wayang is associated with the figure of Umar b. Khaṭṭab (d. 644). Umar is a historical figure who played a significant role in the early history of Islam and is revered for his wisdom and leadership by most Muslims. The discussion argues that the materiality of puppets in the non-Arab Muslim world not only functions as a traditional form of entertainment stimulating the sense of “fun” but also as complex semiotic experiences between a dalang (wayang puppeteer) and his audiences using signs of two-dimensional buffalo leather and its silhouettes.

The Diaspora Descendants of Sayid Alwi Danuningrat Basyaiban Magelang

This study aims to reveal the diaspora of sayid alwi Basyaiban's descendants who have a long history, unique process, and strong influence in the Javanese aristocratic system, especially in the Ngayogyakarta palace and the process of establishing Magelang as an administrative city. This article attempts to explain the diaspora process of the Basyaiban family in Magelang from Hadramaut to Magelang. The researcher uses the historical method. The approach used in this study is the genealogical approach and theory from Hall, namely: Representation and Cultural Identity in compiling this paper. The findings from this study indicate that, first: the Basyaiban family belongs to the Alawiyyin Hadramaut group from Sayid Abubakar ibn Muhammad Basyaiban's genealogy. Second: Sayid Abdurrahman ibn Umar Basyaiban was the person who first came to Indonesia on the recommendation of Sunan Gunung Jati to take care of the mosque in Cirebon. Third: Sayid Ahmad ibn Muhammad Basyaiban has carried out the unification of the Basyaiban family with the Ngayogyakarta palace. His son, Sayid Alwi Basyaiban, was appointed as the first regent of Magelang with the title Danuningrat I. Then this position was continued by his descendants up to the 5th regent. Fourth: the Basyaiban family between the time of Sunan Gunung Jati, namely Sayid Sulaiman Basyaiban (Prince Kanigoro) 1053 H and the time of Sayid Alwi ibn Ahmad Basyaiban (Danuningrat I) 1241 H in the Ngyogyakarta region had a point in common with the awarding of Javanese titles and names from natives. Sayid Ahmad ibn Muhammad Basyaiban had unified the Basyaiban family with the Ngayogyakarta palace. The result of the adaptation of the Basyaiban family was the appointment of Sayid Alwi Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Basyaiban as the first regent of Magelang with the title Danuningrat I. Then this position was continued by his descendants up to the 5th regent.

THE EFFORTS of the CALIPHAH UMAR IBN 'ABD AL-'AZIZ (May Allaah Have Mercy on Him) in the PAYMENT of the INFIDEL SUSPICIONS


 
 
 
 The science of faith is a great science, and high, because all judgments and branches depend on it, it is the cornerstone of the building, and health require the health of the building, has been sent God the apostles (peace be upon them) to consolidate the belief in the hearts of people teach them password unification which mushroom God's people them, the more related to the heart of the servant standardization of God has increased to know him names and attributes. This is a research that ensures the status of the renewed world, the Amir of the Believers Omar bin Abdul Aziz (may God have mercy on him), And the extent of his defense of the resemblance to the nodal, which was raised and developed in the past time, and Omar bin Abdul Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) has followed the approach in the doctrine of doctrine of good argument And the constructive debate in the consolidation and consolidation of science, and was (God's mercy) away from the use of force and coercion in persuading the difference and its founders, and was (God's mercy) a lot of inference the texts of the Koran and Sunnah in his debates. 
 
 
 

Productive Zakat Viewed From The Perspective of Modern Fiqh

Zakat in Islamic teaching has two perspectives,'worship of mahdah and social empowerment. According to some ulemas, zakat has upgraded the standard of the people's life. In the 'Umar ibn Abd al-'Aziz era, zakat was formatted as a capital for the poorman. The case of empowering the ummah became the important issue let alone many of them live in unlucky conditions. What 'Umar ibn Abd al-'Aziz has done is considered as productive zakat. Nowadays, zakat is usually distributed for consumer importance. If the end model cannot upgrade the condition of the ummah, then productive zakat is considered a solution to solve the problem.

The Contributions of Caliph Abu Bakr to the First Muslim Liberation of Islamicjerusalem

The first Muslim fath/ liberation of Islamicjerusalem in the seventh century was a remarkable historical turning point for the Holy Land. After centuries of exclusion, peace and inclusivity in Holy Land were finally established. Moreover, this historical event raised the standing of Islam between two superpowers, Byzantium and the Persia. As this vital event occurred in the era of ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattāb, several studies have documented his significant role. However, limited literature focuses on the role of his predecessor, the first Muslim Caliph, Abū Bakr al-Siddiq. Since his appointment as Caliph, Abū Bakr made crucial contributions not only to strengthen the foundation of the Islamic State in Madinah but also to liberate Islamicjerusalem. Investigation and analysis based on primary sources and historical records show that Caliph Abū Bakr was determined to continue the Prophet's plan to liberate Bayt al-Maqdis. Therefore, this study examined Caliph Abū Bakr’s contributions during his reign in paving the way for the liberation of the Holy Land. His significant contributions included sending out ’Usamah’s army, securing domestic threats and uniting Muslims during the Apostates War, prioritising and directing armies to al-Sham, and even the selection of his successor, all of which has contributed to the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis. The result of this study supports the view that Caliph Abū Bakr's contributions enabled the first Muslim liberation of Islamicjerusalem to be achieved merely a few years after his demise, during the reign of his successor, ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattāb.

Khulafa Ar Rasyidin and the Islamic Education System

This article will explain the educational movement and political policy in the era of the caliphs Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Umar ibn Khattab, Uthman ibn 'Affan and Ali ibn Abi Talib. Of the four caliphs, many education systems still follow the learning model in kuttab and in mosques. The learning strategy is still strongly influenced by the teaching strategies of the Prophet Muhammad SAW first. The main teaching material is about faith in Allah, the Koran and reading and writing. Until the leadership of the caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, new learning materials branched from fiqh material to nahwu science. With a political movement that uses a caliphate system based on proximity to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, it increasingly guarantees the authentication of Islamic religious education science so that it is far from mistakes or misguided Islamic teachings.

ISLAM DI IRAN: Dari Era Umar ibn al-Khattāb Hingga Ahmadinejad

The main problem in this paper is trying to study or elaborate in depth about Islam in Iran from the era of Umar ibn Khattāb to Ahmadinejad. To answer this problem, the author tries to trace, explore and analyze several books, books, opinions of historians and various related writings in order to obtain a deeper and more accurate understanding.The results of the study of this paper show that during the leadership of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (634-644 AD), the territory of the Persian Empire (Iran) began to be conquered in various battles. From 634 AD to 820 AD, the territory of Persia (Iran) was successively under the rule of the Khulafa' al-Rasyidin, the Umayyad dynasty, and the Abbasid dynasty.
 If one contemplates or examines the long span of Islamic history in Persia (Iran), the Persians (Iran) have played and contributed quite a bit, both in terms of the spread of Islamic teachings to the Eastern parts of the world, as well as in terms of the development of Islamic culture and civilization. . The spread and expansion of Islamic territory to the eastern world cannot be separated from the role of Iran which is at the gate of the eastern world. This can be seen from the entry of Islam into Persia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, China, Malaysia and Indonesia. Persia (Iran) as an Islamic country which has privileges from various interesting aspects to study and elaborate on even when Ahmadinejad was elected as president he was one of those people who lived a simple life. He is also known as a conservative figure who is very loyal to the values ​​of the Islamic Revolution in Iran.Islam, Iran, History, Umar Ibn al-Khattab,Ahmadijenad

DECONSTRUCTION TOWARDS ISLAMIC INHERITANCE LAW IN INDONESIA (A Brief Study on Hazairin’s Bilateral Inheritance Idea)

<p align="center"><strong>Abstraction</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p>Islamic law, especially its socio-cultural realm, has been changing accorded to the local necessities since the very beginning. Umar ibn Khattab, the second successor of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, even had ever decided a different jurisprudence to the taken for granted regulations of <em>Hudud</em> at stealing case which was done by his settler. This case has tried to show us that Islamic law deeply prioritized to the justice delivery to the human being. Similar to that case, the Islamic inheritance law has undergone the same situation, even, since the Dutch colonial government. Later on, based on justice delivery consideration which is the inner side of Islamic teaching, some outstanding experts on law such as Hazairin and Munawir Syadzali began to question that matter. This short writing elaborates Hazairin’s deconstructive and controversial idea of Islamic bilateral inheritance and at the same time points out his reliable arguments and methods related to his controversial idea.</p>

SEJARAH PEMBINAAN DAN PENGHIMPUNAN HADITS

The period of the Prophet Muhammad SAW Hadith at this time is known as Asr al-Wahy wa al-Takwin, namely the time of revelation and the formation of Islamic society. Such a situation requires the seriousness and caution of the Companions as the first inheritors of Islamic teachings. The revelations revealed by Allah were explained by the Prophet through his words, deeds and taqrir. So that what is heard and witnessed by friends is a guideline for their practice and behavior. The second period of the history of the development of hadith is the time of the Rashidun Khulafa' (Abu Bakr, Umar ibn Khattab, Usman ibn Affan, and Ali ibn Abi Talib) which lasted around 11 H to 40 H. This period is called the period of the great companions. The definition of a friend according to the terms of hadith science agreed upon by the majority of hadith scholars, is a Muslim who has associated with or seen the Prophet and died in a state of being a Muslim. The involvement of the Prophet's companions in the process of receiving hadith is a necessity.

PANDANGAN MADZHAB SYAFI’I TERHADAP TANAH HIBAH YANG DIJADIKAN MASJID DI DUSUN CANGGI KABUPATEN PASURUAN

This study aims to find out the process of the occurrence of land grants that were turned into mosques according to Imam Syafi'i's view and to know the views of the Syafi'i Madzhab on the existence of land grants that were turned into mosques. This study uses a type of qualitative research. The results of this study are that according to the opinion of Imam Syafi'i it is stated that it is forbidden (permissible) to exchange land grants that are used as mosques, this opinion is based on the hadith of Rasulullah SAW which originates from Ibn Umar which in essence donated assets may not be traded and may not be donated and also inherited . According to Islamic law circles, the donated assets are left as they are, so they cannot be exchanged and changed, even though the donated land has more benefits. In contrast to the Islamic legal opinion above, it turns out that the community of Dusun Canggi, Sekarmojo Village, Pasuruan Regency stated that it is permissible for the law to exchange land grants that are used as mosques. This has happened in Dusun Canggi, Sekarmojo Village, although not many. The reason they allow it is because there are more benefits, so they think it is permissible. The permission to exchange the donated land for the mosque is an initiative of the grant management agency, so that with their joint decision there has been an exchange of the donated land for the mosque.