This work demonstrated an enhancement effect of photolithograph by the incorporation of photoluminescent nanoscale cesium iodide molecular dots into ultraviolet photoresists. Cesium iodide molecular dots with the size of about 0.4 nm acted as centers of ultraviolet absorption and luminescence which enabled the improvement of the morphology of the figure edges and photosensitivity of photoresist pattern. These photoluminescent molecular dots decreased the light interference while increasing the resist sensitization of the photoresist. The detailed mechanism about the enhancement effects of photoluminescent molecular dots incorporated into photoresists on the ultraviolet absorption, photosensitivity, and light interference has been proposed. This increased effect in the enhancement of photoresists makes way for their potential use for future nanoscale photolithography.