Ulcer In Albino Rats Research Articles

Comparative evaluation of anti-gastric ulcer activity of root, stem and leaves of Thalictrum foliolosum DC in rats

Anti gastric ulcer activity of root, stem and leaves of Thalictrum foliolosum DC, was studied against ethanol, hydrochloric acid, indomethacin, stress and pyloric ligation induced gastric ulceration in albino rats. Omeprazole was used as standard anti gastric ulcer drug. Significant anti gastric ulcer activity was noted in root, stem and leaves of Thalictrum foliolosum DC. Root of the plant, however, showed highest activity, which was comparable to that of omeprazole.Â

Antiulcerogenic Activity of Kigelia africana, Nauclea latifolia and Staudtia stipitata on Induce Ulcer in Albino Rats

Aim: Ethanolic extracts of Kigelia africana, Nauclea latifolia and Staudtia stipitata were investigated for their phytochemical constituents and antiulcerogenic potential on aspirin induced ulcer in albino rats at 150mg/kg, 300mg/kg, and 450mg/kg body weights. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria, between June 2009 and August 2010. Methodology: Ulcer was induced by administering aspirin (200mg/kg body weight) orally to albino rats. Phytochemical screening of leaf extracts was done using standard methods after ethanolic extraction had been concluded. Biochemical parameters showing the effects of ethanolic extracts of the different leaves used in treating ulcer were tested using standard methods. Result: The extracts gave positive results to saponin, tannins, phylobatannins, anthraquinones and cardiac glycosides. K. africana at a concentration of 450 mg/kg body weight gave the best results with a significant decrease in ulcer index (0.67±0.16) on Research Article European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 3(4): 577-590, 2013 578 aspirin-induced ulcerogenic animals compared to 3.0 for the reference drug (Cimetidine at 300mg/kg) and control with 1.67±0.27, while the leaf extracts of S. stipitata showed the least efficacy. Conclusion: This study contributes to the search for potent and locally available plant materials for managing ulcer disease caused by non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs.

Evaluation of antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract ofMomordica dioicaon pylorus ligature induced and ibuprofen induced ulcer in albino rats

Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti -ulcer activity of Ethanolic extract of Momordica Dioica in pylorus ligation and ibuprofen induced gastric ulcers in rats. Methods: Gastric ulcer was induced by giving ibuprofen (200mg/Kg) and by pylorus ligation method. The animals used for the experiment were divided into 4 groups for each model, 6 rats in each group. In pylorus ligation model, all groups of rats were pre -treated with test drugs, Group -I (control) received 2%gum acacia- 2ml/100g, Group-II (standard) received Ranitidine (60mg/kg.) and group -III, IV were treated with Ethanolic extracts 150mg/kg, 300mg/kg. respectively orally 30mins prior to pylorus ligation. The Antiulcer activity of Momordica Dioica was assessed by determining and comparing gastric volume, free acidity, total acidity, pH , percentage of ulcer protection, ulcer index. In ibuprofen induced ulcer model, all groups of rats were treated with test drugs for 7 days prior to ibuprofen induced ulcer. Animals were divided into 4 groups and treated with drugs as in above model. After 7 days of treatment, animals were fasted for 24 hrs. Ulcers were produced by giving ibuprofen (200mg/Kg) on the day of sacrifice. The animals were sacrificed 4 hours later and stomachs were open along the greater curvature and ulcers were graded. Percentage of ulcer protection, ulcer index were obser ved and calculated. Results: The extract of Momordica Dioica in pylorus ligation model, it decreased the ulcer index (1.66) and there was a decrease in total gastric acid and free acid (p<0.0001), and increases the pH value (p<0.0001) and also reduces the total gastric volume (p<0.0003), increases the percentage of ulcer protection (61.66%). In ibuprofen induced ulcer model, it decreases the ulcer index (10.66) and increases the ulcer protection (72.09%). Conclusion: The Ethanolic extract of Momordica Dioica was clearly shows a protective effect against total acid, free acid, gastric volume and ulcer index and also increases pH and percentage of protection against ulcers in both models.

Wound Healing and Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity of Gardenia angustifolia Extract in Rats

Gardenia angustifolia is widely utilized in many parts of Nigeria to manage a wide range of ailments. As part of effort to elucidate its pharmacological activities and hence medicinal potential, wound healing and anti-ulcerogenic properties of the extract was evaluated using experimentally created wound and ulcers in albino rats. Wound healing properties was evaluated using excision wound model, while anti-ulcer activity was studied using ethanol induced ulcer model. Five groups of rats were experimentally wounded at the back area. An area of uniform wound of 7×7 mm using millimeter ruler was excised. The animal groups were topically treated with Gardenia angustifolia gel, wound dressed with leaf, fruit and root gel significantly healed earlier than those treated with paraffin base and povidone iodine (standard). In anti-ulcer studies, rats were orally administered with different doses of the root extract (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and positive control group (Omeprazole, 8 mg/kg body weight) for five days. After induction of ulcer using 5 ml/ kg body weight of ethanol, the stomach of the rats was opened, gastric volume and ulcer area were measured. The results indicated that Gardenia angustifolia root extract could prevent ulceration in rats in a dose dependent manner. The acute toxicity study revealed that the plant could be toxic at higher doses. Blood glucose reduction was dose and time dependent. From this study it is evident that G. angustifolia possess anti-ulcer properties and also wound dressed with the root, leaf and fruit gels significantly enhanced the acceleration of wound healing in rats.

P01.11. Amalaki Rasayana, an Ayurvedic preparation: to evaluate its effect against experimental gastric ulcers in albino rats

P01.11. Amalaki Rasayana, an Ayurvedic preparation: to evaluate its effect against experimental gastric ulcers in albino rats

Evaluation Of Antiulcer Activity Of Ocimum Sanctum And Its Mechanism In Animal Models

The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the antiulcer activity of ocimum sanctum and to explore its mechanism of action. In this study, ocimum sanctum leaf extract was investigated for its activity against aspirin induced gastric ulcers in albino rats. The drug showed significant activity in the doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. To explore the mechanism, its activity was observed on oxytocin induced contractions in rat uterus. It exhibited a significant potentiation of the height of contraction induced by oxytocin. The maximum potentiation was observed in the dose of 0.5 mg/ml which may be due to enhanced synthesis of prostaglandins since they are mediators of uterine contractions. This indicates a cytoprotective mechanism for the antiulcer activity of ocimum sanctum.

Effect Of Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract On Swimming Stress Induced Ulcers In Rats

Ocimum sanctum is a medicinal plant which has been used studied for various properties and used in various conditions.In the present study, ocimum sanctum was investigated for its effects against swimming stress induced ulcers in albino rats. The effects were compared with ranitidine. The leaf extract of ocimum sanctum showed significant antiulcer activity in the dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. The results were comparable to ranitidine though ranitidine was found to be more potent. Ocimum sanctum may be operating by antagonism of H2 receptors, by antisecretory mechanism or by antioxidant property as an antiulcer agent against stress induced gastric ulcers. Since this drug has been documented to have antiulcerogenic property earlier and has shown significant activity in the present study, more studies are required to explore its complete therapeutic usefulness.

Synthesis and antiulcer activity evaluation of conjugates of amino acids with N-aroyl- N, N'-dicyclohexyl urea

Amino acids are safe molecules with variable efficacy against ulceration. Considering the good antioxidant potential of N-aroyl- N, N'-dicyclohexyl urea and antiulcer activities of amino acids, a series of amino acid conjugates of N-aroyl- N, N'-dicyclohexyl urea was synthesized and the effect against ulceration in albino rats induced by pyloric ligation was screened. All these compounds were found to be safe and active. Reduction of ulcer index was significant for all compounds. Conjugates of methionine and histidine exhibited enhanced antiulcer activity comparable to omeprazole in terms of inhibition of release of gastric juice, hydrochloric acid and neutralization activity. The promising efficacy and safety of these compounds is interesting for further investigation.

BANANA AND RESTRAINT ULCERS IN ALBINO RATS.

BANANA AND RESTRAINT ULCERS IN ALBINO RATS.

Effect of Feronia elephantum (Corr) Fruit Pulp Extract on Indomethacin-induced Gastric Ulcer in Albino Rats

Purpose: To investigate the activity of Feronia elephantum fruit pulp extract (which is used in folk medicine) against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Methods: The fruit pulp was extracted with ethanol and the anti-ulcer activity of the extract in indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in Swiss albino rats was evaluated. The parameters assessed were pH and acid concentration of gastric contents, and gastric ulcer index. Ranitidine was used as the reference anti-ulcer drug. Acute toxicity studies were also carried out. Results: The extract (500 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration by decreasing acid concentration of gastric fluid while elevating its pH (p < 0.01), and compared well with the standard drug, ranitidine (p < 0.001). However, its anti-ulcer activity was not as potent as that of ranitidine. Acute toxicity studies showed thatthere was no mortality following the administration of the extract in a dose range of 250 - 5000 mg/kg, p.o. Conclusion: Feronia elephantum fruit pulp extract has potent antiulcer activity with low toxicity. Its anti-ulcer property probably acts via a reduction in gastric acid secretion. The results obtained support the use of this herbal material in folk medicine.Keywords: Anti-ulcer; Feronia elephantum (Corr.); Indomethacin; Ulcer; Gastric acidity

Preliminary phytochemical and antiulcer studies of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Linn. root extracts

The antiulcer activity of various extracts of Hibiscus rosa sinensis roots was evaluated in pyloric ligation induced gastric ulcer in albino rats. The root extracts were prepared by cold maceration process with petroleum ether, alcohol and water separately. The preliminary phytochemical screening of H. rosa sinensis revealed the presence of sterols, glycosides, proteins, mucilage and flavonoids. Oral administration of aqueous and alcohol extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg) of H. rosa sinensis roots were evaluated for antiulcer activity and compared with the standard drug, lansoperazole (8 mg/kg). From the results, it can be concluded that the aqueous extract of H. rosa sinensis roots (500 mg/kg) showed highly significant (P<0.001) dose-dependent antiulcer activity. These results lend scientific support for the plant as folk medicine. Keywords: Hibiscus rosa sinensis, antiulcer activity, pyloric ligation, maceration

Gastroprotective and antioxidant activities of Phyllanthus amarus extracts on absolute ethanol- induced ulcer in albino rats

This study was designed to evaluate the gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of aqueous and acetone extracts of Phyllanthus amarus leaves in albino rats. P. amarus extracts (500 and 1000 mg/Kg) as well as cimetidine (100 mg/Kg) was administered orally once a day for two weeks before challenge with absolute ethanol (1 ml/ 200 g body wt). Pretreatment with P. amarus aqueous extract (500 mg/Kg) and cimetidine inhibited the ulceration damage of absolute ethanol by 59.3 and 41.2% and decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) by 35%, 24% and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) by 7 and 6% respectively. The acetone extract (1000 mg/Kg) also significantly increased (P < 0.01) the absolute ethanol mediated decrease in the activities of gastric mucosal catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) by 53, 8 and 33% respectively. Cimetidine respectively caused 52, 14 and 38% significant (P< 0.01) increase on the absolute ethanol-induced decrease in the activities of CAT, SOD and GST. Furthermore, P. amarus aqueous extract (500 mg/Kg) and cimetidine were noted to increase the activities of liver CAT by 18 and 20%, SOD by 25 and 19% and GST by 122 and 54% respectively. However, the liver thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) values of all the groups pretreated with P. amarus extracts and cimetidine were not significantly different (P < 0.05) from the ethanol group. In this study, P. amarus extracts appears to act as an in vivo natural antioxidant and an effective gastroprotective agent that is as effective as cimetidine. P. amarus may also offer protection against toxic effects of alcohol to the liver. Key words: Phyllanthus amarus; Gastroprotective activity; Antioxidant activity; Thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS); acute toxicity.

Topical amiloride solution accelerates healing of mechanical skin ulcers in albino rats

The present investigation was undertaken to explore the ulcer healing properties of three dosage schedules of various concentrations of topically administered amiloride solution in mechanically produced skin ulcers in albino rats. Four skin ulcers (two on either side of the midline) were made 2.5 cm apart on the preshaved back of each anesthetized rat with a round body skin biopsy punch (7 mm diameter) through the dermis to the depth of subcutaneous tissue. The animals were randomly divided into groups of 5 rats each. Ulcers on one side of the midline were treated with normal saline and served as control, whereas those on the other side were treated with amiloride solutions. Each ulcer was observed for its size, slough formation and any sign of irritation on alternate days until healing was complete. Healing of ulcers was significantly accelerated with all the strengths of amiloride (0.01, 0.02 and 0.04%) in all the dosage schedules (o.d., b.i.d. and q.i.d.) in terms of days required for complete healing, ulcer size and area under the size-time curve. This acceleration was dose-dependent with maximum effect at b.i.d. administration of 0.04% solution. No irritation or suppression of immunity was noticeable. Thus topical amiloride may prove to be an inexpensive and better ulcer healing agent with no apparent side effects. Inhibition of u-PA by amiloride seems to be responsible for this effect.

Experimental anti-ulcer activity of veronica officinalis L. extracts

In indomethacin-induced ulcers in albino rats, the anti-ulcerogenic effects of some extracts prepared from Veronica officinalis L. were investigated. The extracts had a significant anti-ulcerogenic activity. In ulcer healing experiments performed in rats by administering reserpine, the extracts were found to enhance the regeneration of the gastric mucosa. These results seem to confirm the popular observations according to which the decoction from Veronica officinalis L. possessed useful properties in the treatment of gastric ulcers.

Effect of bromocriptine, a dopamine receptor agonist, on the experimentally induced gastric ulcers in albino rats

The effect of bromocriptine, a dopamine receptor agonist, has been studied on the aspirin, phenylbutazone and reserpine induced gastric ulcers in rats. A single dose of bromocriptine 4 mg/kg s.c. produced a significant exacerbation of gastric ulcers induced by all the three ulcerogenic drugs, whereas in the same dose administered once daily for 5 consecutive days, it produced a marked protective effect in all the models. A review of the literature shows that different mechanisms may be involved in the opposite effects of acutely and chronically administered bromocriptine observed in this study. The study also points towards a role of dopamine in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal ulceration.

Study of central neurotransmitters in stress-induced gastric ulceration in albino rats.

1 Restraint when combined with cold (4 degrees C) consistently induces gastric ulceration in rats at 2 h. The cold-restraint ulcer (CRU) technique provides a suitable model for acute studies. 2 The peripheral mechanisms in CRU seem to be increased sympathetic and parasympathetic outflow since CRU was significantly reduced by prior spinal transection or vagotomy or by appropriate blocking agents. Since metiamide significantly reduced CRU, H2-histamine receptors are also involved. 3 Central catecholaminergic as well as cholinergic mechanisms seem to be responsible for the activation of peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic outflow in CRU, since central administration of dibenamine, propranolol, 6-hydroxydopamine and atropine prevented the CRU. 4 Exogenous administration of putative neurotransmitters (adrenaline, noradrenaline and acetylcholine) into the cerebroventricular system produced gastric ulceration similar to CRU. However, dopamine, histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine failed to induce gastric ulceration. 5 The results with intracerebroventricular adrenaline and acetylcholine indicate a central cholinergic link distal to adrenergic activation in the ulcerogenesis. 6 Intracerebroventricular adrenaline-induced gastric ulceration appears to be most akin to CRU. However, other central neurotransmitter mechanisms may also be involved.

Mechanism of ulcerogenic activity of reserpine in albino rats

Reserpine-induced gastric ulceration was significantly prevented by α-adrenoceptor blockers but not by propanolol or by bilateral adrenalectomy. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of reserpine as well as tetrabenazine failed to induce ulceration in albino rats. Pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine or atropine methyl nitrate protected the animals from the ulcerogenic activity of reserpine.

Failure of histamine to produce gastric ulceration in albino rats.

Failure of histamine to produce gastric ulceration in albino rats.