Ulcerative Lesions Research Articles

Enteral oxygen therapy: new approaches to rehabilitation for chronic gastroduodenal pathology in children

Purpose. Studying the effect of enteral oxygen therapy (EOT), in the process of rehabilitation, on the regenerative process of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract in children with chronic gastroduodenal pathology (CGDP). Methods. The clinical observation was based on a randomized study. We examined 286 children with CGDP. The research methods fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS), and tests for Helicobacter pylori infection. Results. Based on the results of the FGDS, we developed a scoring scale for the regeneration process (SSRP) without morphological biopsy. According to the results of the SSRP, in patients with inflammatory processes, after a course of standard inpatient treatment, there was a 3rd degree of regeneration, with ulcerative lesions - 4th degree. After a single rehabilitation course, using EOT, a transition to 1-degree regeneration was noted (6.6±0.77 points), without the use of EOT for 2-degree (10.9±1.23 points). The data indicated a more than 63% increase in reparative-regenerative processes when using EOT. Against this background, there was up to a 2.5-fold decrease in Helicobacter pylori carriage. Conclusions. The use of EOT helps to accelerate regenerative mechanisms of the gastric mucosa by up to 63%, and the implementation of a comprehensive rehabilitation program using EOT contributes to a significant decrease in Helicobacter pylori carriage.

Efficacy of the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the complex therapy of gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in patients with unstable angina

Purpose of the study. To find out the effectiveness of the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in the complex therapy of erosive and ulcer lesions of the stomach and duodenum in unstable angina pectoris (UA). Materials and methods. A survey of 109 patients with UA with gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers was carried out, taking into account their clinical signs, endoscopic features and the parameters of gastric secretion. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the nature of the treatment of erosions and ulcers. The first group included 40 patients treated with standard therapy, and the second one included 69 patients who additionally received ACE inhibitor lisinopril at an average dose of 7.27±0.16 mg a day. Results. The therapy by lisinopril resulted in decreasing of pain and dyspeptic syndrome, especially in patients with acute erosions, compared with conventional treatment group. According to endoscopic examination, in patients treated with lisinopril, an acceleration of repair processes in the tissues of the gastroduodenal zone was observed. The depth and size of damages, a reduction in the period of persistence of microbleeding signs and inflammatory changes in the periulcerous zone were also less pronounced in lisinopril patient’s group. In patients with acute erosions a decrease in the number and size of erosive defects of the mucous membrane was observed. The study of the parameters of gastric secretion showed that gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in UA revealed the activation of the acid-peptic factor and a decreasing in the production of gastromucoproteins. Increased production of pepsinogen and a sharply reduced formation of protective mucus was observed in patients after conventional treatment, despite some positive dynamics. Normalization in pepsinogen secretion with some inhibition of the production of mucopolysaccharides was observed in Lisinopril treated patients at the end of therapy. Acid production in both groups was reduced, which was associated with could be provoked by an uptake of antisecretory agents. Conclusion. The use of ACE inhibitor lisinopril in the complex therapy in patients with UA with gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers is pathogenetically justified and clinically effective. This combination helps to reduce the duration of clinical signs, accelerate the healing of defects and normalize the parameters of gastric secretion.

Atherosclerosis of unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta (clinical and instrumental diagnostics)

Aim. To establish the prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions in the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta. To explore the features of clinical presentation, the state of the mucosa of the upper GI tract. Materials and methods. A total of 118 patients with atherosclerosis of the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta aged 45 to 89 years were examined. The comparison group included 120 patients without atherosclerosis in the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta. Patients in both groups had coronary atherosclerosis. Ultrasound dopplerography (USDG) as a screening technique, CT angiography, and MSCT aortography were used to verify occlusion-stenotic lesions in the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta. The diagnosis of erosion changes in the gastric mucosa was confirmed by clinical symptoms and endoscopic examination findings. Results. In our study, hemodynamically relevant stenosis (>70%) was identified in 28.8% of patients. The clinical presentation of atherothrombosis in mesenteric vessels was shown to be nonspecific. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom in the examined patients with abdominal angina (76.3%). The upper GI endoscopy in patients with a verified diagnosis of chronic abdominal ishemia (CAI) showed gastric mucosa atrophy (focal or diffuse) in 100% of cases. Gastric erosions are identified in 55.1% of patients. Gastric ulcers are observed in 27.1% of patients. Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa are combined with atrophic changes in the mucosa. Erosive esophagitis was detected in 28.8% of patients. The frequency of detected focal abnormalities in the esophageal mucosa accounts for 27.3%, and those in the gastric mucosa is 54.2%, mainly due to intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion. Due to the increasing prevalence of obliterative vascular diseases, early detection of changes in the upper gastrointestinal tract remains an urgent challenge. The comprehensive endoscopic examination using additional endoscopic NBI and ZOOM techniques allows to identify all changes in the mucosa, including small focal abnormalities. Timely detection of the disease makes it possible to choose the right treatment method.

Drug-induced diarrhea: a diverse problem in clinical medicine

Currently, the problem of diarrheal syndrome against the background of therapy with non-antimicrobial drugs, with a frequency of occurrence of up to 24%, has become particularly relevant. This is due to an increase in the number of people taking drug therapy for a long time, an increase in the population of older people, an increase in comorbidity, polypragmasia and hypersensitivity of this group of patients to medications. The mechanism of drug-induced diarrhea is complex and insufficiently studied. Many drugs are able to affect various pathogenetic links, causing disorders of the intestinal microbiome, motor evacuation dysfunction, layering on existing intestinal diseases with the development of functional disorders, catarrhal and erosive ulcerative lesions, which makes it difficult to diagnose and choose an adequate therapeutic tactic. The situation is often complicated by the impossibility of canceling the therapy of the underlying disease or changing the treatment regimen, which can lead to serious consequences for a patient with diarrhea syndrome. Thus, the issues of early diagnosis, differential diagnosis and approaches to the treatment of drug-induced diarrhea are becoming increasingly important in clinical practice.

A rare case report of natal tooth, neonatal tooth (dentitia praecox) and fibrous hyperplasia (Riga fede disease) of same newborn patient

The natal tooth is present at the time of birth and neonatal tooth erupts within first 30 days of birth. Both are considered as an anomaly of a child. Due to mechanical irritation of those teeth there may be a chance of traumatic ulceration on the ventral surface of teeth known as Riga Fede disease (RFD). The term is used for the lesion in case of child less than two years old. The age above two years the term coined as traumatic granuloma. It may lead to a serious condition where the child denies to take any food or to suck breast milk due to the painful condition. In the present case study 21 days old newborn came to the clinic with a complaint of ulcerative lesion on the ventral surface of the tongue which was interfering in suckling. On examination 8 X5 mm ulcer extending from anterior border of the tongue to lingual frenum was found along with two mandibular incisors. He was detected with natal tooth (at the time of birth) and neonatal tooth (erupted on 16th day) which caused RFD.The case report throws some light on a possible treatment approach for successful management of the condition.

Identifying Risk Factors for Stephanofilaria-Caused Ulcerative Dermal Lesions, in Black and White Rhinoceros’ Meta-Population in Kenya

Ulcerative skin lesions caused by Stephanofilaria dinniki are common in populations of the critically endangered eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli). Although considered benign, they have been associated with loss of body condition and mortality in rhinoceros. Stephanofilarial lesions in rhinoceros may also lead to delayed puberty, reduced milk yields, and prolonged intercalving periods as observed with a similar disease in cattle. In this study the prevalence and predilection sites of stephanofilarial wounds were examined and the influence of age, sex, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), rainfall, temperature, rhinoceros’ species, and population density on the prevalence of stephanofilarial skin lesions was evaluated in 10 rhinoceros’ populations in Kenya. The results revealed that the prevalence of stephanofilarial skin lesions was 0% in the lowland sanctuaries such as Ngulia Rhino Sanctuary, Tsavo West Intensive Protection Zone, and Tsavo East National Park to ≥90% in the highland rhinoceros’ sanctuaries including Solio Wildlife Sanctuary, Ol Pejeta Wildlife Conservancy, Lewa-Borana Wildlife Conservancies, and Nairobi National Park. Generalized linear models revealed that monthly minimum temperature and NDVI negatively influenced the probability of stephanofilarial skin lesions. However, spatial heterogeneity in NDVI, and rhino density were positively related to the probability of rhinoceros’ infection with Stephanofilaria. Black rhinoceros had a higher average prevalence of stephanofilarial wounds (50.9%, n = 228) than white rhinoceros’ (3.6%, n = 110). Temperature and heterogeneity in NDVI can directly influence the presence of the filaria vector Rhinomusca dutoiti as corroborated by the previous studies on their distribution. Moreover, the inverse relationship between NDVI and the prevalence of stephanofilarial skin lesions suggests that nutrition negatively impacts rhinoceros’ immunity. Comprehensive studies on the vectors of Stephanofilaria and their bionomics may illuminate the epidemiological patterns of stephanofilariosis in rhinoceros.

Proinflammatory CD14highCD16low monocytes/macrophages prevail in Treponema phagedenis-associated bovine digital dermatitis.

Digital dermatitis (DD) is a skin disease in cattle characterized by painful inflammatory ulcerative lesions in the feet, mostly associated with local colonization by Treponema spp., including Treponema phagedenis. The reason why most DD lesions remain actively inflamed and progress to chronic conditions despite antibiotic treatment remains unknown. Herein, we show an abundant infiltration of proinflammatory (CD14highCD16low) monocytes/macrophages in active DD lesions, a skin response that was not mitigated by topical treatment with oxytetracycline. The associated bacterium, T. phagedenis, isolated from DD lesions in cattle, when injected subcutaneously into mice, induced abscesses with a local recruitment of Ly6G+ neutrophils and proinflammatory (Ly6ChighCCR2+) monocytes/macrophages, which appeared at infection onset (4 days post challenge) and persisted for at least 7 days post challenge. When exploring the ability of macrophages to regulate inflammation, we showed that bovine blood-derived macrophages challenged with live T. phagedenis or its structural components secreted IL-1β via a mechanism dependent on the NLRP3 inflammasome. This study shows that proinflammatory characteristics of monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils dominate active non-healing ulcerative lesions in active DD, thus likely impeding wound healing after antibiotic treatment.

Narrative Review: Pyoderma Gangrenosum.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a skin lesion, characteristically a neutrophilic dermatosis, that can be complicated by rapid progression, necrosis, and ulceration. This is an important pathology to be discussed given that there are no established criteria for diagnosis or treatment. This review aims to elucidate characteristics and variations of PG that distinguish it from other ulcerative skin lesions. Variability in presentation can lead to missed or incorrect diagnosis, and some of the currently proposed criteria for categorizing and diagnosing PG have been included here. These criteria distinguish PG in terms of the nature of the lesion, the location, etiology, responsiveness to immunosuppressive therapy, and patient history. The etiology and pathogenesis of PG remain unknown, but we summarize prominent theories and explanations. Furthermore, recent research indicates that the incidence of PG has a strong correlation with autoimmune conditions, particularly inflammatory bowel disease. Major treatments for PG coincide with these findings, as the majority involve targeted anti-inflammatories, immunosuppressants, and surgical interventions. These treatments are addressed in this review, with added context for local versus systemic disease.

The Correlation Between the Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Lesion and Quality of Life Among Productive-Age Patients

Background: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is an ulcerative disease in oral mucosa. These lesions are usually located on the non-keratinized oral mucosa with the characteristics of recurrent ulcerated lesions and the presence of pain. Some people affected by RAS will have various impacts on speech, swallowing, and chewing functions. Patients with RAS usually experience pain, and this impact greatly affects their quality of life. Objective: This study examined the relationship between RAS and patients' quality of life. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional observational study. The method of taking the subjects was done using consecutive sampling with 32 subjects. Data collection was carried out with objective and subjective data. Results: A significant relationship exists between RAS and patient quality of life p = 0.044 (Fisher's Exact Test,p0.05). There is a significant correlation between RAS and patient quality of life Spearman's correlation test, significance p0.05) with a value of p = 0.018 with a strength level of a correlation coefficient of 0.415, which means that it has a moderate level and a direction of the correlation is positive. Conclusion: Aspects of social functioning limitation and bodily pain are most influenced by the emergence of RAS lesions. There is a positive correlation between RAS and patients' quality of life.

Intestinal Behçet's and suspected intestinal Behçet's disease: a report of four surgical cases.

Intestinal Behçet's disease (BD) is often associated with ulceration that requires surgery, including perforation and abscess formation. However, no consensus has been reached on the optimal extent of resection or treatment strategy. This study reviewed four cases of intestinal or suspected intestinal BD. In Case 1, a 74-year-old woman diagnosed with BD 2years earlier was treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor α antibody (Infliximab) and steroids. She had oral and pubic ulcers. After close investigation of abdominal pain, perforation of the gastrointestinal tract was suspected and surgery was performed. Multiple perforating ulcers and abscesses were found in the distal ileum, and the small intestine was resected. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with an increased steroid dose and symptoms have remained stable. Case 2 involved a 69-year-old woman with oral and pubic ulcers, ocular ulcer, and skin lesions. She experienced sudden onset of abdominal pain during treatment for lymphoma. She showed multiple perforating ulcers throughout the ileum and underwent resection of the small intestine and ileostomy. Upper abdominal pain appeared during postoperative treatment for high-output syndrome. The patient underwent omentoplasty after perforation of the upper gastrointestinal tract was diagnosed. Postoperatively, anti-interleukin-1 beta antibodies (canakinumab) was administered to control the disease. Case 3 involved an 81-year-old, previously healthy woman. She presented to her previous physician with complaints of pubic ulcer, hemorrhage and abdominal pain. Colonoscopy showed multiple ulcers throughout the entire colon. Steroid therapy was started, but bleeding proved difficult to control and total proctocolectomy was performed. Histopathology revealed multiple perforating ulcers and BD was diagnosed. Postoperatively, the patient remains under steroid control. Case 4 involved a 43-year-old man with abdominal pain who showed abscess formation in the ileocecal region. After excision of the ileocecal area, multiple ulcers were diagnosed. Two years later, abdominal pain recurred and free air was found in the abdomen on close imaging. Emergency anastomotic resection was performed due to ulceration and perforation of the anastomosis. Intestinal BD may flare up after surgical treatment and require multiple surgeries. Introducing pharmacotherapy as soon as possible after surgical treatment is important to control the disease.

Clinicopathological Features of Methotrexate-associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders in the Gastrointestinal Tract.

Methotrexate may cause methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD); however, this disease is uncommon in the gastrointestinal tract. We examined six patients with MTX-LPD in the gastrointestinal tract at our hospital. All of the lesions were ulcerative. Four cases regressed spontaneously, all of which were positive for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA by in situ hybridization. Two patients who did not regress were negative for Epstein-Barr virus RNA, one of whom received chemotherapy, and one underwent surgery. The prognosis of this disease is considered to be good. MTX-LPD should considered when ulcerative lesions are observed during endoscopy in patients receiving MTX.

Disseminated Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis: A Case Report with Review of Diagnostic Clues

Introduction. Basidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by an environmental saprophyte, Basidiobolus ranarum. It usually presents as a chronic subcutaneous infection; however, few cases of gastrointestinal involvement have been reported. The exact transmission route of gastrointestinal cases is not clear, and diagnosis always requires a high index of suspicion because it tends to mimic other inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Case Report. A 31‐year‐old immunocompetent woman presented with abdominal pain and an advanced colon mass. She was completely well until about 1.5 years ago, when she underwent bariatric surgery. One year after surgery, chronic abdominal pain developed. A colonoscopy showed an ulcerative lesion in the descending colon, and the biopsy was in favor of ulcerative colitis. Despite immunosuppressive treatment, there was no improvement, and with worsening symptoms, more investigations revealed advanced colon mass with entrapment of the stomach and pancreas. Colonic mucosa biopsy and trucut biopsy of the mass showed just necrosis and acute inflammation; thus, she underwent exploratory laparotomy with colectomy, partial gastrectomy, distal pancreatectomy, and left nephrectomy. On pathologic examination, there was granulomatous inflammation plus the Splendore–Hoeppli phenomenon around fungal hyphae, which was diagnostic for gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis. Previous pathology slides were reviewed and revealed a tiny focus of basidiobolomycosis. After 6 months of treatment with itraconazole, she is relatively well without any clinical or radiologic abnormalities. Conclusion. Our case highlights the significance of suspicion for basidiobolomycosis in ulcerative and necrotic lesions with increased eosinophils, especially in the presence of abdominal mass and systemic eosinophilia.

A clinical presentation of herpangina with ulcerative lesion over uvula

A clinical presentation of herpangina with ulcerative lesion over uvula

Cutaneous and conjunctival habronemosis in horses treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Santa Catarina State University, Brazil.

Habronemosis, also known as habronemiasis or habronematidosis, is a parasitic disease of equids caused by the larval stages of Habronematidae nematodes (Habronema muscae, Habronema microstoma, and Draschia megastoma) that are transmitted by muscid flies. The presence of aberrant infective larvae in the cutaneous and conjunctival tissues of these hosts results in granulomatous, exudative, and ulcerated lesions, also known as "summer sores." In this study, we present a retrospective analysis of habronemosis cases in horses from the municipality of Lages, located on the Santa Catarina Plateau, a region with high altitudes and a temperate climate that differs from regions of Brazil where such parasitosis usually occurs. The equids were examined from 2008 to 2020 at the Veterinary Hospital of Santa Catarina State University. Sixteen patients were diagnosed and treated using macrocyclic lactones and wound cleaning. Most cases were recorded in autumn in horses (10/16, 62.5%) over 15 years of age (11/16, 68.8%), and the lesions were more frequently located in the conjunctiva (11/16, 68.8%). In scientific dissemination media, this is the first report of habronemosis on the Santa Catarina Plateau, Brazil. This information will contribute to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases in horses in this region.

Diagnostic challenges in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to atypical Leishmania infantum: pathologists' insights from re-emergence zones.

Leishmaniasis, a parasitic infection affecting both humans and animals, is increasingly spreading across Mediterranean and European regions, largely driven by human migration and environmental changes. In countries like Türkiye and across Europe, which have seen large influxes of migrants, the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is rising, with cases now appearing in cities where the disease was previously undocumented. In these previously non-endemic areas, physicians unfamiliar with the characteristic lesions may misdiagnose CL, particularly in cases with only cutaneous manifestations. This study aims to evaluate the impact of re-emerging CL on the routine diagnostic practices of pathologists in Türkiye, by retrospectively reviewing cases. We conducted a retrospective analysis of CL cases diagnosed between 2013 and 2022 at a single pathology center in Türkiye, covering multiple provinces. Twelve cases of CL were identified and analyzed based on clinical presentation, pre-diagnosis, histopathological findings, and molecular diagnostics. DNA extraction and PCR were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue samples to identify the Leishmania species involved. Out of the twelve CL cases reviewed, seven exhibited morphological findings strongly suggestive of CL (MFSS of CL), warranting further microbiological evaluation. All patients presented with non-healing skin lesions characterized by central ulceration, crater-like formations, or papulonodular lesions. Notably, CL was included in the clinical pre-diagnosis in only 58.3% of cases, while it was not considered in the remaining 41.7% of cases. Clinicians initially pre-diagnosed skin tumors in six cases (50%), four of which led to wide surgical excision. Histopathological examination in all cases revealed chronic or mixed (acute/chronic) inflammation, predominantly rich in histiocytes. To further investigate the role of Leishmania species in the pre-diagnosis, DNA extraction and PCR were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue samples, identifying L. infantum as the causative agent in 10 cases and L. major in two cases. Notably, L. infantum was the causative agent in all five cases initially misdiagnosed as skin tumors, which were also associated with a granulomatous type of chronic inflammation.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Rare Case Involving Mandibular, Elbow, and Pubic Ulcers

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, inflammatory skin condition primarily characterized by painful ulcers with undermined borders, commonly occurring on the lower extremities. In approximately fifty percent of cases, PG is associated with underlying systemic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), inflammatory arthritis, or myeloproliferative disorders. PG is notorious for its variable clinical manifestations, which can closely resemble other dermatological conditions, often leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. This case underscores the importance of including PG in the differential diagnosis for patients with ulcerative skin lesions to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, it highlights the necessity of screening for IBD in patients diagnosed with PG.

Evaluating symptom severity and urinary cytokine levels in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome patients, with and without Hunner's lesions.

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a condition characterized in part by urinary urgency, frequency, and pain. There is a strong interest in gathering more data to compare and assess the differences in characteristics based on the presence of Hunner's lesions in patients with IC/BPS. Using a nationwide crowdsource effort, we collected surveys and urine samples from patients with a history of IC/BPS. Participants completed the Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) and Problem Index (ICPI), Overactive Bladder questionnaire (OABq SF), and pain scores. In addition, participants reported any co-morbidities and lifestyle modifications. Urinary cytokine levels were measured and compared to symptom severity. 491 participants enrolled: 119 with history of ulcerative Hunner's lesions (UIC), 372 reported no lesions (NHIC), and 2 unknowns. 96.3% were female, and prevalence of UIC was equal for both genders. Average age was higher for UIC vs. NHIC group (P = 0.011), as was the duration since diagnosis (P < 0.001). Symptom scores were elevated in UIC patients (P < 0.001). Both groups widely implemented lifestyle modifications, with dietary changes being most prevalent (70.1%), followed by prescription medication usage (63.1%). More UIC compared to NHIC participants experienced co-morbidities (P = 0.010). Urine samples were analyzed for GRO, IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1. MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in UIC patients (P = 0.044). Weak positive correlation was found between cytokines and symptom scores. Patients with UIC and NHIC from across the United States displayed distinct phenotypic and urine biological characteristics. These findings contribute to increased understanding of IC/BPS and may aid in improving our knowledge of the condition.

Adult colocolic intussusception originating in a colonic GIST.

We report the case of an 86-year-old male who was admitted for intestinal subocclusion, in whom an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and colonoscopy revealed a colocolonic intussusception with an underlying and heterogeneous mass, failing to rule out a neoformative lesion. A left hemicolectomy procedure was carried out with regional lymphadenectomy (because of the potential neoplastic origin) through laparoscopy, and the patient had a favourable postoperative course. Pathology described 45cm of an intestinal segment, with intussusception and with a 12x7x6 cm ulcerated polypoid lesion. Lesion was revealed as high grade GIST, pathological state of pT4, N0 and free margins. The patient was treated with adjuvant Imatinib. The presentation of a colonic GIST as a colocolic intussusception causing intestinal subocclusion is an extraordinary case, and in our patient, early diagnosis with abdominal CT and free margin surgery were key for successful management.

Calciphylaxis: complexity from presentation to treatment

Calciphylaxis is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition most often observed in patients with end-stage renal disease. The following case illustrates the presentation of non-nephrogenic and nephrogenic calciphylaxis. The prevalence of calciphylaxis appears to be rising; therefore, it is important to maintain a high index of suspicion in the evaluation of painful ulcerating skin lesions.

Unveiling HuB genes and drug design against Helicobacter pylori infection by network biology and biophysics techniques

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is mainly considered for causing chronic gastritis, which can lead to several secondary complications like peptic ulcer and pre-malignant lesions for example atrophic gastritis, intestinal dysplasia and metaplasia, with the etiological factor of developing gastric cancer. Recent research demonstrates that H.pylori colonizes the stomach mucosa of more than fifty populations around the globe. This research focuses on unveiling hub genes, and diagnostic and drug targets against said organism by utilizing various types of networking biology and biophysical approaches. In data retrieval, the GSE19826 dataset was obtained from the gene expression omnibus database and microarray data set from array express. Geo2r analysis predicted a total number of 7 DEGs and 10 hub genes, next functional protein association network analysis (STRING) unveiled that among 10 Hub genes only 3 genes were found more interactive with other genes and involved in pathogenesis, The shortlisted three genes were further analyzed for survival analysis using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and predicted the survival rate of targeted genes. Moreover, functional enchainment analysis was done using the ToppFun server, the server predicted that COL11A1 and COL10A1 were more involved in the pathogenesis of the H. pylori infection. Furthermore, the COL10A1 gene was subjected to protein structure prediction. In molecular docking analysis, the asinex antibacterial library was screened for potential inhibitors, and one compound was predicted as a strong inhibitor with the best binding at −10.23 kcal/mol. The docking results were further validated through molecular dynamic simulation analysis and the MD simulation analysis evaluated the dynamic movement of the docked complex in various nanoseconds, the MD simulation results predicted that the docked complexes are stable throughout the simulation and can be used as a potential inhibitor against the said pathogen, however experimental study is required to further validate the predicted results and design drug against targeted pathogen.