UHF Radiation Research Articles

Spectral and Temporal Characteristics of UHF Radiation Generated by a Miniature Electric Spark

Spectral and Temporal Characteristics of UHF Radiation Generated by a Miniature Electric Spark

Electromagnetic Shielding of Composite Films Based on Graphite, Graphitized Carbon Black and Iron-Oxide

The present work regards the development of paint-like composites based on mixtures of carbon materials with magnetite in polyvinyl butyral matrix, and the investigation of the dependence on the electrical characteristics and the frequency of their electromagnetic shielding properties. It was found that high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness requires not only the presence of a high content of carbon components in the composite, but also the absence of an agglomeration of filler particles. Using these paint-like materials, a shielding effectiveness of up to −35 dB of UHF radiation can be obtained. A combination of fillers based on carbon-graphite materials of different morphology and magnetite was found to enhance shielding efficiency.

Effect mechanisms of ultrahigh-frequency radiation on biological objects

The article discusses the effect of microwave radiation on the seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The aim of the research is to increase the efficiency of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Ultra-high-frequency radiation (UHF) radiation, allowing one to increase the standard planting material yield and reduce its cultivation time. The specificity of enzyme systems for stressing effects is revealed, the dynamics of their change in the period after irradiation is ambiguous and depends on the time of irradiation. The stimulating and lethal doses of radiation are determined. The results show seed treatment with stimulating doses causes reversible changes in the structure and function of enzymes. The regularities and model of the impact of UHF radiation as a stimulating factor on seed viability are established. When exposed to stress factors (radiation), an increase in the activity of enzymes is observed, leading to the excitation or inhibition of growth processes at the first stages of development. As a result, a stimulating effect arises – the germination of seeds increases, the growth of seedlings in height increases, or depressing – the germination decreases and the growth of seedlings slows down.

Impact of electromagnetic uhf radiation on genome destabilization in bone marrow cell of rat strains with contrast nervous system excitability

Сhromosomal machinery of highly excited animals with low threshold of the nervous system excitability (LT strain) is more susceptible to the damaging effect of high frequency EMR compared against the animals with high threshold of the nervous system excitability (HT strain). High nervous system excitability determines greater decrease in chromosome aberrations level in the presence of additional reflecting elements Aires Defender Pro resonators under UHF-waves of standard Wi-Fi router. It is shown that the genotype of animals and the functional state of their nervous system affect susceptibility to the UHF EMR and the action of resonators.

Preparation of Powdered Uranium Oxides by Denitration of Nitric Acid Uranium Solutions Using UHF Radiation

Denitration of nitric acid uranium solutions under the action of UHF radiation in ambient and reducing atmosphere in the presence of organic reductants containing amino groups (carbohydrazide, acetohydroxamic acid, aminoacetic acid, hydrazine nitrate) and without them to obtain a mixture of uranium oxides was studied. The conditions of thermal transformation of the initially formed mixture of uranium oxides into uranium dioxide powder under the action of UHF radiation were determined. The characteristics of UO2 powders meet the requirements of TU (Technical Specification) 95414–2005 to ceramic-grade powders.

Dynamics of Metabolic Parameters in Rats during Repeated Exposure to Modulated Low-Intensity UHF Radiation.

Metabolic parameters in rats were studied at various stages of repeated exposure to modulated low-intensity UHF radiation. The volume of O2 consumption and level of heat release were reduced by day 4 of intermittent irradiation and remained low over the next 2 days in the absence of a source for electromagnetic radiation. The amount of expired CO2 slightly increased over the first 3 sessions of irradiation, but significantly decreased in the recovery period on days 5 and 6. Changes in metabolic parameters were most significant on day 7 of the study. It was manifested in the decrease of O2 consumption, CO2 release, and intensity of heat exchange not only during irradiation, but also in the inter-exposure period. Electromagnetic radiation can induce a change of metabolic processes in mammals, which is most pronounced during repeated irradiation and persists even under physiological resting conditions.

Development of a Mathematical Model for Denitration of Actinide Nitrates under the Action of UHF Radiation

Physicochemical processes occurring in a UHF furnace were analyzed. The information structure of the process as a management object was constructed. A system of differential equations describing the processes that occur in a UHF furnace in the course of evaporation of actinide nitrates was constructed. A mathematical model of preparation of actinide oxide powders by denitration in a UHF furnace was developed. It allows the calculation experiments to be performed and the operation of the installation and control systems to be optimized.

Evoluation of the effect of structural-physical changes in water on biological activity

The paper examines the influence of changes in structural and physical state of water on biological activity of test organisms (luminescent bacteria of the transgenic strain Escherichia coli Z905/pPHL7). The preliminary informational effect of UHF radiation on water shifts the energy distribution in water associates, which causes a growth spurt of microorganism activity by more than a decimal exponent. The paper also shows that the energy source for ATP synthesis, produced by proton ATP synthase (F0F1-ATP synthase, where F1 and F0 are protein complexes), is connected with a nonlocal electron transfer from water to the hydrate structures of the F0-complex, which, by way of rotation, transfers protons for ATP synthesis.

Quantum Nature of Distortion and Delay of Satellite Signals II

A detailed analysis of the influence of Rydberg states to the behavior of GPS satellite signals in the D and E atmospheric layers has been carried out. It is demonstrated that these states are the main reason for the GPS signal distortion. It is shown that the behavior of satellite signals is associated with the spectral characteristics of the UHF radiation of the Rydberg states depending on the geomagnetic conditions of ionosphere. The foundations of the quantum theory of distortion and delay of GPS satellite signal propagation through D and E atmospheric layers are analyzed and expounded. The problem reduces to the resonant scattering of photons, moving in the electromagnetic field of the signal, to the Rydberg complexes populated in a two-temperature non-equilibrium plasma. The processes of creation of additional photons because of stimulated emission and resonance scattering of photons are considered. In the present work, the quantum theory of the propagation of a satellite signal in the Earth’s upper atmosphere, firstly earlier proposed by the same authors, is described in detail. The general problems of the theory and possible theoretical and applied consequences are discussed. It is explained that two main processes occurring here, are directly related to the resonant quantum properties of the propagation medium. The first process leads to a direct increase in the power of the received signal, and second—to a shift in the signal carrier frequency and the time delay of its propagation. The main reasons of the processes are scattering of the Rydberg electron by the ion core and presence of the neutral medium molecule in the intermediate autoionization states of the composite system populated by the strong non-adiabatic coupling of electron and nuclear motions. The main purposes of our investigation are the physical justification of the formation of parameters and using the quantum dynamics of the electron behavior in the intermediate state of the Rydberg complex A**M and the estimation of the quantities of and in the elementary act of elastic (Rayleigh) photon scattering.

Evaluation of the performance of catalysts for joint deep oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide under the action of UHF radiation

A series of Сu–Cr–Co/Al2O3/Al catalysts were synthesized under conditions of both traditional heat treatment and action of UHF field, with determination of the thermal transformation properties and degree of radiation penetration into the catalyst bulk. The performance of the catalysts in joint deep oxidation of n-butane and carbon monoxide, stimulated by microwave radiation, was evaluated. The use of the generalized Harrington desirability function reflecting the whole set of definite different-dimension partial responses facilitates the visualization of the expert evaluation of the results and can be recommended for preparing heterogeneous catalysts for related reactions, stimulated by microwave radiation, and for ranking them with respect to performance.

Preparation of calcium peroxide in a UHF field at atmospheric pressure

The kinetics of free moisture removal from a CaO2 paste under the conditions of convective drying and UHF field at atmospheric pressure were compared. Drying under the action of UHF radiation is characterized by the absence of the heat-up period. The use of the microwave radiation at atmospheric pressure decreases the drying time in production of anhydrous calcium peroxide by a factor of approximately 10 compared to convective drying.

DISORDERED REDOX METABOLISM OF BRAIN CELLS IN RATS EXPOSED TO LOW DOSES OF IONIZING RADIATION OR UHF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

To investigate the changes of redox-state of mammalian brain cells as the critical factor of initiation and formation of radiation damage of biological structures in setting of continuous exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation or fractionated ultra high frequency electromagnetic radiation (UHF EMR) at non-thermal levels. The influence of low-intensity ionizing radiation was studied on outbred female rats kept for 1.5 years in the Chernobyl accident zone. The effects of total EMR in the UHF band of non-thermal spectrum were investigated on Wistar rats. The rate of formation of superoxide radicals and the rate of NO synthesis in mitochondria were determined by the EPR. After exposure to ionizing or UHF radiation, the levels of ubisemiquinone in brain tissue of rats decreased by 3 and 1.8 times, respectively. The content of NO-FeS-protein complexes in both groups increased significantly (р < 0.05). In the conditions of ionizing or EMR the rates of superoxide radical generation in electron-transport chain of brain cell mitochondria increased by 1.5- and 2-fold, respectively (р < 0.05). In brain tissue of rats kept in the Chernobyl zone, significant increase of NO content was registered; similar effect was observed in rats treated with UHFR (р < 0.05). The detected changes in the electron transport chain of mitochondria of brain cells upon low-intensity irradiation or UHF EMR cause the metabolic reprogramming of cell mitochondria that increases the rate of superoxide radical generation and nitric oxide, which may initiate the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "The Chornobyl Nuclear Accident: Thirty Years After".

Метаболические эффекты низкоинтенсивной дециметровой физиотерапии при артериальной гипертонии

120 men (51,5±2,5 years old) with arterial hypertension stage П-Ш were examined. From the first days of stay of these patients in the clinic, a physical therapy low-intensity UHF radiation frequency of 1000 MHz with a power of 0.1 μw was included in the complex therapy. On the background of a drug therapy, there was a statistically significant increase of NO level by 12,4% (p=0,039) and ACE by 11,8% (p=0,05). A month later after treatment, the authors observed a decrease in the concentration of the soluble form of receptors of the 1st type to AHT-II by 22,4% (p=0,017). In the group of patients who received additional physical therapy, there was a decrease in renin activity by 19,3% (p=0,021), RAHT-Π by 18,8% (p=0,023). A month later, in these patients there was a further decrease in the concentration of RAHT-II by 52,8% (p=0,001), ACE by 12,3% (p=0,037), AHT-II by 13,4% (p=0,033), an endothelin level by 10,7% (p=0,051) and hsCRP by 13,2% (p=0,044). An increase in the concentration of NO level by 11.4% (p=0.05) was revealed.&#x0D; &#x0D; Thus, the use of low-intensity UHF physiotherapy in treatment of hypertension contributes to a reduction of endo-thelial dysfunction and vasopressor activity mechanisms with preservation of the achieved effects within one month after discharge the patient from hospital.

Rydberg states in the D layer of the atmosphere and the GPS positioning errors

The noncoherent radiation in the frequency range 0.8–8.0 (GHz) formed in the D layer of the ionosphere at high solar activity due to transitions between Rydberg states is considered. The emitting layer thickness located 80–110 km above ground surface is estimated. A complicated irregular behavior of the frequency dependence of the radiation intensity for different values of a electron concentration ne and temperature Te due to different characteristics of electron scattering on the nitrogen and oxygen molecules is revealed. The dependences of the flux power of UHF radiation from the D layer in the indicated frequency range on the concentration and temperature of free electrons are calculated. It is shown that, at a frequency of ν = 1.44 GHz, the UHF radiation spectrum features a characteristic waist point, the position of which is almost independent of the electron temperature Te; i.e., a one-parameter dependence of the power flux on the electron ne density takes place. In the frequency range of 4.0–8.0 GHz, the radiation spectrum exhibits a family of curves that, for each value of ne and a wide range of Te, give rise to a relationship known as the “bottleneck.” It was found that, with increasing frequency, the bottleneck moves upwards along a curve described by a quadratic dependence on the radiation frequency. For a frequency of ∼5 GHz, and a certain range of temperature Te and electron concentration within 5 · 103 cm−3 < ne < 2 · 104 cm−3, an almost linear dependence of the UHF radiation power on ne is observed. A comparative analysis of GPS signal delays at frequencies νf(1) = 1.57 and νf(2) ≈ 5 GHz for various states of the ionosphere is performed. It is shown that, under the same condition, the use of the second frequency is more advantageous and informative. The ways of further development of the theory and experiment in studying the role of quantum resonant properties in the distortion of global satellite positioning system signals and in solving the fundamental problem of their elimination are discussed.

Remote Testing of the UHF Radiation Field Generated by Corona Discharge of the Transmission Lines

The UHF radiation field generated by corona discharge of the two 500kV AC transmission lines was tested. The influencing factors of radiation field, including climate, bundle conductors number and test distance, were analyzed. Test results indicate that the field continuously arranges from 200MHz to 700MHz, mainly from 200MHz to 500MHz. The maximal measurement distance is 300 meters. The climate and bundled conductors number affect the radiation field obviously. The discharge will become intense when the temperature and humidity increase and bundle conductors number decays. The peak values of the electric field strength which decay rapidly with the distance increasing, can arrive several hundreds uV/m. The test results rich the UHF radiation field data and offer references to testing and evaluating the electromagnetic interference generated by corona discharge of ultra-high voltage transmission lines.

Influence of microwave emanation on terms of fructification and productivity of tomatos

Low-intensive UHF radiation from the technical generator with the microwaves range of 18 cm and 21 cm on frequencies 1665 MHz and 1667 MHz renders stimulating influence on growth and development of plants of a tomato. It promotes earlier flowering and fructification and also raises productivity of plants of a tomato.

Change in the properties of polycaproamide fibres in treatment with metal complex salts

The modifying effect of chromium and aluminum salts on the properties of polyamide films was demonstrated. The possibility of increasing chemisorption of metal cations by polycaproamide fibres by treatment with UHF radiation was investigated.

Determination of an Absorbed Radiation Dose by the EPR Method from the Concentration of the Centers Produced

A method to determine the absorbed radiation dose that is based on the spin-resonance dosimetry is suggested. It rests on the fact that under irradiation additional centers that absorb UHF radiation are generated in substance. This leads to a change in the time of longitudinal relaxation of a Zeeman subsystem and dipole-dipole reservoir as well as in the time of transverse relaxation because of the dipole-dipole interaction, which in turn causes a change in the shape of the line and in the saturation parameter. It is possible to determine the minimum absorbed dose at which the minimum deformation of the shape of the line is registered. A method is also suggested to determine an absorbed dose in the absence of absorbing centers in the substance before irradiation.

Change in the Structure of Cotton Cellulose and Carboxymethylcellulose in Drying with Ultrahigh-Frequency Radiation

The effect of different methods of drying on the structural characteristics of samples of CC and CMC is established. A sample of CC with a sufficiently high degree of crystallinity and sorption capacity can be obtained after a shorter time with UHF radiation. In drying in an UHF field, amorphized CMC acquires a higher sorption capacity, probably due to more effective and uniform heating.

3D imaging of lightning channel and leader progression velocity

AbstractThree‐dimensional imaging of lightning channels by means of UHF interferometers is performed. To realize this, a field campaign was conducted with two observation sites in Darwin, Australia. The distance between the two sites is about 14 km, and the triangulation scheme is applied to estimate locations of UHF radiation sources. Since the UHF radiation is more likely during the leader progression than in the return stroke phase, imaging of lightning channels is obtained mainly for downward leaders. Velocities of downward leaders are estimated and statistics are presented for first and subsequent strokes. The result is consistent with those of former investigations obtained by optical observations. The statistics for the velocity of leader propagation inside thunderclouds are presented herein. Using optical measurement, velocity estimation of leader progressions inside thunderclouds is impossible, and the presented results are concluded to be the first results of their kind. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 137(3): 22–28, 2001