Typical Project Research Articles

A performance-driving model for public-sector construction framework procurement in England

PurposeConstruction frameworks are recognised by the UK Government as an integrated procurement path to deliver efficiency, collaboration and sustainability. This research paper aims to develop a performance-driving model for framework procurement to align with the government construction policy objectives.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine the causal relationships between project outcomes and performance drivers. A successive qualitative multiple-case study involving eight typical construction framework projects was examined to further explain casual relationships.FindingsConclusive results from the quantitative and qualitative analyses validated the performance-driving model, generalising a framework procurement principle that project outcomes of time, cost, quality, sustainability and closer relationships are significantly driven by supplier's task and contextual performance drivers, and client's organisational drivers.Research limitations/implicationsThe investigation followed two major public-sector organisations in the UK: infrastructure offices of local authorities and estate offices of universities. Further research should be extended to other public-sector situations to enhance the model further.Practical implicationsUsing this model, framework managers can drive project outcomes by applying task and contextual performance drivers in order to select the best suppliers at the procurement phase, and by adopting the client's organisational factors at both procurement and construction monitoring phases.Social implicationsThe empirical evidence supports the use of frameworks by public sector policymakers as a key strategy to develop the performance drivers further and improve efficiency and quality outcomes.Originality/valueThe results will be of value to support the policy of public-sector works organisations contemplating using framework procurement for executing continuing construction activities.

KYIV ARCHITECTURE OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY: BIOGRAPHY OF THE ARCHITECT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ERA (CREATIVE PATH OF ARCHITECT OLEKSANDR HORBYK)

The contextuality of the life and creative path of the architect's personality is emphasized in relation to the social-cultural and political-ideological conditions of the era, which are the framework of development. The political-economic, moral-worldview, and cultural changes in the society are considered and the corresponding stylistic changes in the architecture of Kyiv in the 50s-90s of the 20th century are characterized. It is shown how drastically and in connection with what the priorities in the architecture of Ukraine changed every ten years and how, in the fight against these challenges, the professional path of the generation that was born during the times of Stalinist repressions and war, grew up in the conditions of stable state-political regulation and culture of enlightenment, realized its life potential in the conditions of economic crisis and state collapse, grew old in the conditions of the new statehood, new social relations and technological transformations. The life and creative path of the Kyiv architect Oleksandr Horbyk is a revealing illustration of both realized opportunities and limitations created. The taste formed by the post-war historical center of Kyiv, the academic university education acquired at the Kyiv institute of Architecture had a limited opportunity to be realized in the practice of typical architecture - functional and combinatory in planning and constructive components. Such recreation centers in the Crimea and on the rivers and lakes of Ukraine, large-panel schools and kindergartens in Kyiv have proven the success of the architectural solution by the practice of functioning to this day. However, typical projects created certain ideological narratives of limitation and lack of freedom in the society of users, and the non-realization of creative futuristic and competitive projects belittled the creative potential of the architect. Attempts to diversify the professional path with teaching and scientific activities, artistic creativity, sports and travels, raising a dynasty of scientists were a certain compensator. The article contains data on the design practice of the Kyiv, list of scientific publications on the actual scientific topics of the second half of the 20th century.

Application of Deep Learning to the Prediction of Solar Irradiance through Missing Data

The task of predicting solar irradiance is critical in the development of renewable energy sources. This research is aimed at predicting the photovoltaic plant’s irradiance or power and serving as a standard for grid stability. In practical situations, missing data can drastically diminish prediction precision. Meanwhile, it is tough to pick an appropriate imputation approach before modeling because of not knowing the distribution of datasets. Furthermore, not all datasets benefit equally from using the same imputation technique. This research suggests utilizing a recurrent neural network (RNN) equipped with an adaptive neural imputation module (ANIM) to estimate direct solar irradiance when some data is missing. Without imputed information, the typical projects’ imminent 4-hour irradiance depends on gaps in antique climatic and irradiation records. The projected model is evaluated on the widely available information by simulating missing data in each input series. The performance model is assessed alternative imputation techniques under a range of missing rates and input parameters. The outcomes prove that the suggested methods perform better than competing strategies when measured by various criteria. Moreover, combine the methodology with the attentive mechanism and invent that it excels in low-light conditions.

Operations, IT, and construction time orientations and the challenges of implementing IOT

The adoption of Internet of Things has grown significantly in recent years both to address sustainability in campus operations and as part of digital twin systems. This study looks at in-depth cases of large university campus owners and the challenges that this IOT introduces for the maintenance and management of these systems and the data they collect. In this ethnography there are three main time orientations related to facilities management (Facilities), Information Technology (IT), and Capital Projects. First, a university campus is like a small city, with buildings, utilities, and transportation systems - taken together we call this campus infrastructure (buildings 50-100, roads and utilities 20-50 years). Second, IT employees think on 2–3-month scale, working through implementing software and hardware upgrades, configurations and patches, at times needing agile operations to deal with emerging cybersecurity threats. Third, in Capital Projects the design phase can last 9 months, and the construction from 1 - 2 years for a typical project, and this is where IOT technologies are often first introduced into campus. While the capital project teams reflect on the user experience, these teams are often removed from the realities of facilities management and do not understand the time scales or the scope of the work that is required to manage a portfolio of Facilities and IT systems. In this paper, we explore how these time orientations lead to tensions in the owners’ selection of IOT devices and systems, in the integration of new technologies into existing systems, and in the operations of keeping existing systems up and running for the longer time scales of campus infrastructure life spans. Furthermore, this paper presents a paradox: If they speed up, they lose things, if they slow down, they lose other things, and presents ways that owner organizations manage this paradox through temporal boundary spanners who understand the disciplinary requirements, cultures, and frameworks across the organization and helps to mitigate the tensions across these differences.

A comprehensive evaluation of private sector investment decisions for sustainable water supply systems using a fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process: A case study of Ha Nam province in Vietnam

This study examined the factors that affect the private sectors' willingness to invest in rural water supply. The study applied a mixed methods approach, including an overview of relevant studies, expert consultation, exploratory factor analysis using SPSS software, and a fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process to identify and evaluate the factors applicable to Ha Nam province in Vietnam. Some factors were distinguished that are significant to private investors’ rural water supply investment decisions, including tax incentive policy, policies to support preferred access to loans and credit, a state risk-sharing mechanism, a mechanism to adjust water price, community support, high community demand for clean water, and input water quality. In addition, the study constructed an investment attractiveness index to evaluate the attractiveness of private sector investment for two typical rural water supply projects in Ha Nam province. This index can be used as a basis for the government to design appropriate incentives to attract investment from private investors and construct an investment attractiveness map.

Failure of Gedikbulak K-12 School Building on October 23, 2011, in Van, Turkey Earthquake

A major earthquake with a magnitude Mw = 7.2 (ML = 6.7) occurred in the Eastern part of Turkey on October 23, 2011. The ground motion had a measured peak ground acceleration of 0.18×g. The earthquake damaged masonry and reinforced concrete structures ranging from minor cracking to total collapse. A 4-story reinforced concrete school building in Gedikbulak Village experienced total failure during this earthquake. This school building was a typical project (No: 10370) prepared by the Ministry of Education of Turkey and this typical project was widely being used for the construction of school buildings in various locations throughout Turkey. This paper explains the site observations of the Atılım University Reconnaissance Team carried out at the collapse site of the school building a few days after the main shock and detailed analysis with an emphasis on the reason for the failure of the school building. The analysis results indicated that the collapse happened due to the separation of the bottom of shear walls (in both x- and y-directions) from the foundation due to inadequate development and lap splice length of the plain reinforcing bars. Comments were made for existing school buildings to prevent any collapses in future earthquakes.

Restorative Environmental Perception’s Influence on Post-Tour Behavior of Desert Off-Road Self-Driving Tourists: The Mediating Role of Flow Experience

Desert tourism has always been one of the main types of adventure tourism in the world. Restorative environmental perception and flow experience are closely related concepts in adventure activities, but few studies have examined the mechanisms of their effects on tourists’ post-tour behaviors. Desert off-road self-driving tours, as a typical adventure tourism project, are suitable for studying the relationships among three factors. We chose the Kumutag Desert as our study area, as it attracts many off-road self-driving tourists every year. Based on SOR theory, data were collected through questionnaires, and partial least squares structural equation models were constructed using SmartPLS 3.0 software. It was found that (1) restorative environmental perception has a direct positive impact on visitors’ flow experiences; (2) flow experience has a direct positive influence on tourists’ revisit behaviors and recommendation behaviors; (3) novelty, escape, fascination, and compatibility in restorative environmental perception have a direct positive influence on tourists’ post-tour behaviors; (4) flow experience partially mediates the relationships among novelty, escape, fascination, compatibility, and post-tour behavior. This article deepens the understanding of the mechanism by which restorative environmental perception and flow experience affect tourists’ post-tour behaviors while expanding the scope through three studies and providing theoretical support for subsequent research on adventure tourism.

A neural-mechanistic hybrid approach improving the predictive power of genome-scale metabolic models

Constraint-based metabolic models have been used for decades to predict the phenotype of microorganisms in different environments. However, quantitative predictions are limited unless labor-intensive measurements of media uptake fluxes are performed. We show how hybrid neural-mechanistic models can serve as an architecture for machine learning providing a way to improve phenotype predictions. We illustrate our hybrid models with growth rate predictions of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida grown in different media and with phenotype predictions of gene knocked-out Escherichia coli mutants. Our neural-mechanistic models systematically outperform constraint-based models and require training set sizes orders of magnitude smaller than classical machine learning methods. Our hybrid approach opens a doorway to enhancing constraint-based modeling: instead of constraining mechanistic models with additional experimental measurements, our hybrid models grasp the power of machine learning while fulfilling mechanistic constrains, thus saving time and resources in typical systems biology or biological engineering projects.

Government regulation strategies for inhibiting opportunistic behaviors in construction projects

The construction industry has long been criticized for recurring accidents, wherein opportunistic behaviors are the primary cause of losing faith and increasing risk, infringing upon the interests of the state, society and people. While government regulation can be crucial in curbing opportunistic behaviors, the existing mixed strategy game model fails to accurately capture the strategic interactions between the government, owner, supervisor, and contractor. To bridge this gap, we propose a multi-stage dynamic game model with asymmetric information in the context of a typical construction project, wherein two urgent opportunistic behaviors may arise: moral hazard and covert collusion. According to project characteristics, the regulatory issues are further classified as hidden information for general projects and hidden effort for dominant projects. On this basis, the government's optimal regulation strategies are derived, i.e., the optimal fines for poor quality and the optimal fine coefficient for quality effort reduction. Subsequently, several significant managerial implications are presented to summarize and analyze impacts of government regulation on construction projects. The findings show that government regulation can achieve systemic optimality but may hurt the owner's interests in some cases. This could potentially hinder the healthy development of the construction industry as the owner may forgo purchasing the construction project. Furthermore, general projects are more vulnerable to opportunistic behaviors as opposed to dominant projects. The developed model and derived regulatory strategy can assist the government in more effectively governing and controlling opportunistic behaviors. This research also contributes several valuable managerial insights into the domain of government regulation on construction projects.

Small satellite Extracurricular projects – Implementing a context‐driven SysEng engine for improved adaptability and student agency

AbstractUniversity student projects usually attempt to follow, and often fail to follow, industry frameworks and standards to ensure the success of their development effort. The typical student satellite project follows ESA ECSS or NASA project frameworks, prescribing document artefacts, project reviews, the project life cycle, and typical project processes. In the case of Orbit NTNU, this was done without understanding the underlying dependencies and supporting connections between artefacts, design steps, and project phases. This paper presents a framework for increased understanding of the purpose of common design artefacts and their interdependencies by applying model‐centric system thinking and systemigrams as a tool for highlighting relationships and dependencies within the SysEng discipline, thus enabling the students to complete well‐informed and planned design iterations that build a solid and coherent system understanding throughout the project lifecycle. The method is built to be adapted to the needs of the project team and can readily be used by 1st year university students with one semester of SysEng experience.

Scenario Planning in Selecting Contract Strategy Scheme to Achieve OTOBOSOROR (On Time, On Budget, On Specification, On Regulation, and On Return) Target in PT Kilang Pertamina International

Indonesia as developing countries, continues to implement various strategic action to increase economic activities through infrastructure development named National Strategic Project (PSN) that are deemed to be strategically important and must be completed quickly. To fulfill the PSN, PT KPI has ultimate goal namely OTOBOSOROR (On Time, On Budget, On Schedule, On Regulation, On Return) where there are still many project delays, cost overrun or under specification. Therefore, one of the main goals of the project is a fast-tracking strategy in developing projects to achieve earlier project completion with lower Capex and meet owner specification. However, in fast-track projects, starting an activity without comprehensive data and knowledge entails additional risks and uncertainties than in typical project. Therefore, the author will assess appropriate scenario planning for future contract strategy scheme to achieve OTOBOSOROR target by exploring the internal organization as well as the external environment using McKinsey’s 7S and PESTEL. Then, scenario planning analysis will be conducted where’s ten driving forces are identified and analyzed. Four scenarios are created from crucial uncertainties by combining the important variables of project scheduling and project cost. Implications and options are arranged for the respective scenario. At the end this study proposes Design Build Competition (DBC) contract strategy concept to complete the fast-tracking strategy, reduce project costs and maintain owner specification. However before initiating an activity, PT KPI should manage all risks and uncertainties in fast-track initiatives to avoid potential events that are not beneficial for future PT KPI projects.

MASS RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION AS AN ELEMENT OF CRISIS ARCHITECTURE

The world's population loses their homes due to natural disasters and wars every year, many international organizations have been created to eliminate such consequences. Architects as volunteers also make efforts to design typical low-cost mass housing., there is a concept of crisis architecture to denote this phenomenon. Its feature is the fastest possible reconstruction of housing for people in disaster zones. The next term discussed in the article is urbicide, the purposeful destruction of cities caused by wars, terrorist attacks, and other aggressive actions that we have in Ukraine today.
 The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of mass housing architecture in its relationship with crisis phenomena and urbicide in society. For this purpose, the possibility of reconstruction, reconstruction and development of the architectural and urban structure of cities in the post-crisis period is considered. The features of the crisis architecture of countries and cities affected by wars, as well as floods, fires and other natural disasters (Rotterdam, Hiroshima, Bismaya, Skopje) are analysed. Foremost, the restoration of the engineering infrastructure was observed. Work on solving the housing problem consisted in the repair of damaged buildings, the reconstruction of large apartments into small apartments and the construction of typical temporary low-rise buildings 3 available raw materials. Unified 4-5- story series of economy houses were popular in post-war France, Hungary, Slovakia and other countries. Disadvantages of such housing include chaotic construction, simplification of architectural solutions, lack of individual stylistic features. Later, the temporary residential quarters were dismantled. At the same time, a significant part of such panel houses remains inhabited even in our time. 
 Ukraine was significantly affected by the Second World War. Mass construction according to typical projects took place in the 60s, as a result of which about 23% of the country's housing stock has physical and moral deterioration. In view of the military actions, it is extremely important to use the international experience of rebuilding cities, to carefully approach the selection of projects, focusing on the economic component, the safety of residents and high-quality architectural solutions.

Assessment of the possibility of transferring Ukrainian district heating systems to low-temperature coolants

The analytic research was conducted for a residential building built according to a typical project in Lviv. As the research data showed, the requirements of the existing normative documents of Ukraine do not allow to significantly reduce the heat load on the heat source. Thus, the value of the maximum heat flow to the heating system decreased by 36%, and the maximum heat flow to the hot water supply system - by 7.7%, and the total maximum hourly heat consumption, respectively, decreased by 23%. In addition, studies have established that for such values of the thermal power of the heat source, a decrease in the temperature parameters of the heat carrier can lead to an increase in the consumption of the heat carrier to provide thermal energy to the house by almost 3 times. And this, in turn, for the same diameter of the pipeline, leads to an increase in specific pressure losses by more than 5 times, and, accordingly, to an increase in the power of circulation pumps, the consumption of electrical energy and the cost of these pumps. This means that at present, the transition of large systems of district heating system of Ukraine to low-temperature coolants is possible only during the reconstruction of heat networks.

A study on the challenges and solutions of blockchain interoperability

With the development of blockchain technology, a variety of mutually independent blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, as well as private and consortium chains, coexist in large numbers. As a linker of the blockchain network, blockchain interoperability will link more blockchain ecosystems, realize the interconnection of the blockchain and enhance the scalability of the blockchain. This paper summarizes typical blockchain interoperability projects. Firstly, it proposes a blockchain interoperability definition and an architecture model. Secondly, it analyzes technical characteristics of blockchain interoperability, and typical blockchain interoperability cases are compared. Finally, the trend of future development of blockchain interoperability technology is summarized and discussed.

ON THE PROBLEM OF IMPROVING THE PROCEDURAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE MARKET APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE COST OF DESIGN AND SCIENTIFIC DESIGN WORK

In many cases, construction objects differ in size, total area, number of floors, and materials used to manufacture structural elements, which leads to certain peculiarities in the pricing mechanism in construction, in particular in design and scientific design works. Construction objects according to a typical project will not have the same value depending on the location and local conditions of the construction site. In recent years, significant transformations have taken place in Ukraine in the field of pricing and assessment of the value of investment projects and programs. The development of market relations in Ukraine made it necessary to develop a modern methodology of pricing and cost management in construction, in particular, in determining the cost of design and scientific-project works, taking into account the best world experience and international standards. The efforts of many scientists and practitioners of Ukraine and abroad are aimed at solving this problem. The need to estimate the cost, design and scientific design works, as well as the construction of the object in general, arises in the early stages. However, at this stage, only approximate costs are determined, and as investigations are carried out and information is accumulated, new opportunities appear for calculating a more accurate estimate of the cost of the objects being designed. Therefore, the calculation of the cost of project works is mainly carried out individually according to the estimate, which specifies the scope of work, estimates, construction equipment and methods for specific types of work. Emphasizing the problems of the pricing system of project and scientific project works in our country, the organizational and economic problems of reducing the cost of investment and construction projects are considered. Including, by improving the efficiency of competitive selection of Investors, Contractors (construction agencies) and Suppliers of project products. An important issue is the issue of a comparative (market) approach to pricing in construction, in particular for design and research and design services. The market price is the prevailing price paid for project services in the project market for the relevant period in the sales process, regardless of the Manufacturer's individual costs. In the macroeconomic plan, prices are considered as the most important strategic criterion characterizing the market situation. Price changes are influenced by a number of price-forming factors. The basis of calculation procedures is the introduction of corrections for discrepancies between the object being evaluated and similar objects, the value of which is known. The same adjustments are permissible for a certain average market value. A significant problem remains the low level of practical use of project methodology. If the pricing policy is not properly formed, the project enterprise will not be able to achieve the intended goals; therefore, special attention should be paid to this issue.

Integrated construction consulting project performance improvement in China using network structure and team boundary-spanning behavior: a configurational analysis

PurposeThe consulting team intervenes in the integrated construction consulting (ICC) network structure centered on “client-contractor-consultant.” Team boundary-spanning behavior (TBB) driven by the network structure is crucial to project performance. This article investigated how to stimulate the consulting project performance (CPP) improvement by considering the interactive effect of network structure and TBB. To be specific, this paper explored the configuration between structural characteristics of project networks, the dimension of TBB, and project performance in ICC projects.Design/methodology/approachNetwork density and centrality were used to reflect network structure. This study collected 216 valid responses from construction professionals (including project managers, department managers, and project engineers) via a questionnaire survey and analyzed the data using fsQCA.FindingsCombining with the corresponding typical project case and analysis, the results concluded four types of configurations for achieving high performance in the ICC projects. Meanwhile, network centrality, density, ambassadorial behavior, coordination behavior, and detection behavior significantly impact high consulting project performance. Matching ICC network characteristics with the TBB is important. There are also three low performance configurations for the ICC projects. Low performance state also occurs when network centrality or density and coordination behavior is simultaneously low. Only the right match between the network characteristics and TBB can produce high consulting project performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe network centrality and density, the implementation of TBB vary, and the paths to achieve high consulting project performance are different. Clients, ICC projects, and consulting teams should choose the appropriate development paths according to the actual situation. (1) Clients should commit to applying the ICC project model with high network centrality, density, and coordination behavior of ICC enterprises to promote project performance. (2) Consulting enterprises should carry out ICC business based on detecting behavior and coordinating behavior. (3) The market should cultivate head consulting enterprises with independence and integration, and bring into play the effectiveness of consulting team ambassadorial behavior.Practical implicationsComparing the results of the four high CPP configurations, the network structure characteristics are essential, which means that in the Chinese consulting practice between the owner and the consulting firm pay attention to the use of appropriate ICC organizational structure model and arrange the degree of centralization of authorized responsibilities. Coordination behavior is necessary to achieve high CPP. Therefore, Chinese consulting firms should pay attention to effective communication and exchange with project contractors in order to get high CPP in conducting business; meanwhile, enabling behavior can achieve high CPP both in the presence and absence of configuration H1 and H4, which indicates that enabling behavior has substitution effect. Comparing the three low CPP configurations also contrarily confirms the indispensability of coordinating behavior. Comparing the results of high and low CPP configurations, the TBB is seriously missing and not properly applied in CPP enhancement. In detail, Chinese consulting firms have been regarded as independent third parties providing services, and less attention has been paid to the TBB of Chinese consulting firms in past practice, thus leading to the dilemma of inadequate empowerment of consulting firms due to their unclear status. To solve this dilemma, the findings of this paper offer a solution at the micro level to change the previous perception of consulting and demonstrate that Chinese consulting practice needs to pay attention to TBB with owners and contractors, and apply it well to enhance the reputation, management consulting level and capability, and experience and expertise of consulting firms to achieve high CPP.Originality/valueThe research results changed from the previous bilateral project governance to a new perspective of network embedding. It provided a theoretical basis for the improvement path of high consulting project performance, as well as providing ideas for clients on the organizational design of ICC projects. On the other hand, it provided a practical reference for TBB positioning of ICC enterprises for transformation and upgrading development.

Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of Building Construction: A Case Study in China

Life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) has been increasingly implemented in a wide spectrum of products. Considering the vital importance of buildings to human lives, it is surprising that there have been few LCSA case studies of buildings from mainland China, which boasts the largest developing economy in the world. This study aims to implement LCSA in a typical residential building project in China. The three areas of protections (AoPs) are integrated into an overarching LCSA framework by applying the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. It is found that the building project has less impacts of climate change, acidification and human toxicity, but greater impacts of ozone depletion and freshwater eutrophication, as compared to benchmarks of buildings. The sustainability single score is estimated to be 71.5/100, with 40.86% caused by the environmental impact, 29.68% by the economic impact and 29.46% by the social impact. The sustainability results of the studied case are further compared with an existing study in Hong Kong. The results would contribute to the knowledge and understanding of the sustainability performance of buildings in China. The methodology presented in this study can contribute to further improvements in LCSA evaluation, both regionally and globally.

АРХИТЕКТУРНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЖИЛОЙ ЗАСТРОЙКИ ПЕРВОГО ПОСЛЕВОЕННОГО ДЕСЯТИЛЕТИЯ В Г. БЕЛГОРОДЕ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КВАРТАЛА, ОГРАНИЧЕННОГО ПРОСПЕКТОМ Б. ХМЕЛЬНИЦКОГО И УЛИЦАМИ ШЕВЧЕНКО, ПАРКОВОЙ)

The quarters of low-rise residential buildings of the first post-war decade in Belgorod form the basis of the architectural heritage of the “Stalin era”. This study is aimed at analyzing the architectural features of residential development in the first post-war decade in the city of Belgorod on the example of a block bounded by B. Khmelnitsky Avenue, Shevchenko and Parkovaya Streets. The study is based on an integrated approach, the work uses the methods of retrospective, urban planning, and compositional analysis. The features of the time period indicated in the work for the history of Soviet architecture and Belgorod as an urban entity are shown. The current state of the quarter and its location in the urban structure of Belgorod are considered. The role and place of the quarter in the transformation and further development of the planning structure of the city in the post-war period are determined. The composition of the space-planning construction of the quarter and the front of its development is analyzed. The features of the interaction of block development with its surroundings and terrain are determined. The article touches upon the development of standard projects of residential buildings and the technology of erecting buildings for mass development in the post-war period. The main series of standard projects and the design organizations involved in their development are indicated. The main typical projects of residential buildings used in the development of the quarter were identified. The structural, planning, compositional, architectural features of residential buildings of the quarter are analyzed.

Influence of Revitalization on the Social and Economic Well-Being of Residents: Case Study of Lithuania

The lack of public spaces, recreational areas, and sports facilities in older city neighborhoods, as well as the importance of people’s social and economic well-being, have been exposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Revitalization is used to update the physical environment of old neighborhoods; it improves not only the physical environment of the neighborhood, but also contributes to ensuring the social and economic well-being of the residents. The article aims to identify which typical revitalization project solutions, only referring to physical environmental improvement projects, improve the social and economic well-being of the residents. To achieve this goal, a statistical analysis of the Žirmūnai triangle residents was performed with obtained survey data. The hypothesized connections between typical revitalization solutions and changes in the social and economic well-being of the population were verified using Pearson’s Chi-Square test. The results showed that the public spaces, sports, and playgrounds provided by revitalization were directly related to the social and economic well-being of the residents. As a result of this typical revitalization solution, 17% of the residents experienced an improvement in their economic well-being, 17% of the residents got to know their neighbors, and 95% of the residents indicated that they enjoy living in the neighborhood.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ АРМАТУРИ ПЕРІОДИЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ А-ІІІВ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЇЇ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ДЛЯ ПЛИТ ПРОГОНОВИХ БУДОВ МОСТІВ

Introduction. Metal reinforcement A-IIIв, manufactured from reinforcement A-III in accordance with GOST 5781 by pulling, was quite widely used for slabs of span structures of bridges in the period before 1991, as well as later. There is a need to repair such structures due to the exhaustion of their resource due to a significant duration of operation, damage due to the impact of means of destruction during hostilities. Often, the best option for repairing such spans is to replace a separate plate or plates with similar ones, since in this case there are no problems with the size of height, resting on existing supports, etc. Problem Statement. The vast majority of bridges in Ukraine, built in the period 1960-1991 and, to a large extent, in subsequent years, were designed according to typical projects. A large number of these bridges were built from girder slabs according to typical designs, where class A-IIIв reinforcement was used as prestressed reinforcement. These reinforcements were produced directly at the factories producing slabs structures from reinforcements of class A-III in accordance with GOST 5781 by pulling. To perform such works, the manufacturing plant must have appropriate equipment, qualified specialists, documentation, and obtain reinforcements of the required quality. As for the documentation, in the period up to 1991, such documentation was developed centrally and distributed to factories manufacturing structures. After 1991, this does not happen, the documentation is often not updated, which can be the reason for not ensuring the quality of the structures. Purpose. To analyze the documentation for the manufacture and use of reinforcement A-IIIв for the manufacture of slabs of span structures of bridges with a length of 12 m in accordance with the documentation VTP 21-86 (addition). To research the reinforcement A-IIIв, which is manufactured in accordance with the documentation YN 218 USSR – 026-84 directly at the manufacturing plant from the reinforcement of class A-III in accordance with GOST 5781 by pulling it for further use for the manufacture of slabs of span structures of bridges with a length of 12 m in accordance with documentation VTP 21‑86 (addition). Establish the possibility of using reinforcement A-IIIв in today’s conditions for the manufacture of slabs of span structures 12 m long in accordance with the documentation VTP 21-86 (addition) for the repair and construction of bridges.