Type Of Metal Research Articles

Molecular dynamics simulation study of void collapse mechanisms in cubic metals under shock compression

Molecular dynamics simulations have revealed the collapse mechanism of a void in cubic metals under shock compression along [100] direction. The results show that the void collapse is caused by emitting dislocations from its surface. The type of cubic metal plays a decisive role in the subsequent microstructural evolution around the void. Void in face-centered-cubic metals collapses by emitting Shockley dislocations from its surface when piston velocity exceeds the threshold; while void in body-centered-cubic metals collapses by emitting prismatic dislocation loops, which are formed by the reaction of edge dislocations. Simulation results also reveal that the type of dislocation that induces void collapse is independent of void size. Finally, based on the elastic theory, we find that the maximum resolved shear stress along the slip direction determines the types of dislocation emitted from the voids.

Semi-supervised segmentation of metal-artifact contaminated industrial CT images using improved CycleGAN.

Accurate segmentation of industrial CT images is of great significance in industrial fields such as quality inspection and defect analysis. However, reconstruction of industrial CT images often suffers from typical metal artifacts caused by factors like beam hardening, scattering, statistical noise, and partial volume effects. Traditional segmentation methods are difficult to achieve precise segmentation of CT images mainly due to the presence of these metal artifacts. Furthermore, acquiring paired CT image data required by fully supervised networks proves to be extremely challenging. To address these issues, this paper introduces an improved CycleGAN approach for achieving semi-supervised segmentation of industrial CT images. This method not only eliminates the need for removing metal artifacts and noise, but also enables the direct conversion of metal artifact-contaminated images into segmented images without the requirement of paired data. The average values of quantitative assessment of image segmentation performance can reach 0.96645 for Dice Similarity Coefficient(Dice) and 0.93718 for Intersection over Union(IoU). In comparison to traditional segmentation methods, it presents significant improvements in both quantitative metrics and visual quality, provides valuable insights for further research.

Sensitivity Improvements for Picosecond Ultrasonic Thickness Measurements in Gold and Tungsten Nanoscale Films

Picosecond ultrasonics, as a nondestructive and noncontact method, can be employed for nanoscale metallic film thickness measurements. The sensitivity of the system, which determines the measurement precision and practicability of this technique, is often limited by the weak intensity of the ultrasonic signal. To solve this problem, we investigate the distinct mechanisms involved in picosecond ultrasonic thickness measurement for two types of metals, namely tungsten (W) and gold (Au). For thickness measurement in W films, theory and simulation show that optimizing the pump and probe laser wavelengths, which determine the intensity and shape of the ultrasonic signal, is critical to improving measurement sensitivity, while for Au film measurements, where acoustic-induced beam distortion is dominant, the signal intensity can be optimized by selecting an appropriate aperture size and sample position. The above approaches are validated in experiments. A dual-wavelength pump–probe system is constructed based on a passively mode-locked ytterbium-doped fiber laser. The smoothing method and multipeak Gaussian fitting are employed for the extraction of ultrasonic time-of-flight. Subnanometer measurement precision is achieved in a series of W and Au films with thicknesses of 43–750 nm. This work can be applied to various high-precision, noncontact measurements of metal film thickness in the semiconductor industry.

Characterization of dissolved organic matter in rivers impacted by acid mine drainage: Components and complexation with metals

Dissolved organic matter (DOM), a ubiquitous and active ingredient, is extensively involved in the transformation and migration of environmental pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. However, its chemical composition in acid mine drainage (AMD)-impacted rivers remains poorly characterized, hindering our understanding of its role in the biogeochemistry of key elements in contaminated fluvial environments. Here, we investigated the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and spectroscopic and molecular characteristics of DOM in a headwater river contaminated with polymetallic mine-derived AMD in southern China. Terrestrial humic-like (C1) and typically groundwater-supplied aromatic protein/tyrosine-like (C2) substances which were partially from AMD, were identified as the predominant fluorescent components in the river water. Notably, tryptophan-like (C3) substances originating from tailings pond spills were only occasionally detected in the river. Although DOM biogeochemical transformations and degradation occurred in the lateral soil-water riparian interface and longitudinal in-stream transport processes, the molecular compositions identified by FT-ICR MS showed a core set of molecular formulae in the lignin/saturated compound/tannin region of the van Krevelen diagram of the water samples across the rivers. The complexation of DOM with typical metals in AMD was investigated using fluorescence quenching experiments. The results showed that the highest binding ability of Fe(III) to C2 followed by C1, with both detected in the experimental water samples. Mg(II) and Ca(II) strengthened the binding of DOM-Fe(III) when the ferric/DOM ratio was low, while Cu(II) weakened the binding of DOM-Fe(III) due to competition. Ca(II) inhibited the binding of Fe(III) to C1 but promoted the binding of the complex to C2 when both Cu(II) and Mg(II) were present. Since DOM-Fe(III) complexation was associated with the cotransport of AMD-derived metals/metalloids in diverse aqueous environments with multiple co-existing ions (typically Ca(II) input for remediation), our study on the composition of DOM and its complexation with metals can contribute to managing and remediating AMD-impacted rivers.

Sustainable non-plasticized polymer inclusion membrane containing an immobilizing optode ligand for in situ ultra-sensitive colorimetric measurement and pre-concentration of beryllium ions in environmental and biological matrices

Beryllium (Be2+) is a type of alkaline earth-divalent metal that enters many strategic industries. The work environment limits concentrations of beryllium is in the range of 0.01 – 1.0 μg mL−1 (ppm), where concentrations exceeding 5.0 ppm of Be2+ lead to acute toxicity, causing pulmonary edema and chemical pneumonitis. Herein, Be2+ was measured selectively in situ down to ultralow concentration levels utilizing a fabricated sensitive polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) as an immobilizing non-plasticized colorimetric optical sensor (optode). The PIM-sensitive optode has been created using an encapsulation method with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as a polymer base, an (E)-6-(4-((2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)-2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile (DDP-OPDC) as a selective ligand, and Aliquat 336 as an enhancer extractant. The linear dynamic range of the various standard measurements ranged between 5.0 and 145 ng mL−1 with excellent sensitivity down to 1.6 ng mL−1. Moreover, the manufactured optode was reusable and had sustainable mechanical strength. The method has also successfully quantified Be2+ in the livers and muscles of bovine, chicken, and pork (recovery %; 98.0–––102.3 %) in addition to Be2+ analysis in contaminated tap, mineral, and well water (recovery %; in the range of 93.6–––103.3 %). With an assessment duration of 10 min at a maximum absorbance of 622 nm, the colorimetric evaluations of Be2+ in various samples (water and biological) were rapid, reliable, and reproducible. Furthermore, the obtained results by the developed optode matched excellently those obtained by the comparison atomic absorption spectrometry method.

Adsorption and separation effects of typical metal nuclides on the WS2 surface: a DFT study

Adsorption and separation effects of typical metal nuclides on the WS2 surface: a DFT study

Study on equivalent mechanical properties of U-shaped bellows based on novel implementation of asymptotic homogenization method

As typical metal thin-walled structure, bellows are used widely in various engineering fields, especially in storage and transportation of floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) system on the sea. While the shapes of the bellows are relatively complex with the characteristics of geometric nonlinearity in the structure, it is quite challenging to calculate basic mechanical properties of the bellows accurately through theoretical analysis. Concurrently, both numerical simulation and experiments also require high computational and economic cost. Given the typical one-dimensional periodicity of the structure of U-shaped bellows, novel implementation of asymptotic homogenization (NIAH) method was secondary developed in finite element software and unit-cell model of the whole structure with periodic boundary conditions was established, realizing equivalent analysis of the overall mechanical properties of the bellows accurately and efficiently. By comparing the NIAH equivalent results with the fine finite element model results, it was found that the relative error was within 3.00 % and the calculation cost was reduced by 40 times. Compared with the experimental results, the error of NIAH equivalent results was also less than 6.00 %, which verified the accuracy and high efficiency of the NIAH equivalent method. Furthermore, the influence of unit-cell model with different structural sizes on the prediction accuracy of the NIAH equivalent stiffness results of the bellows was also discussed. This study provides a new effective method for the design and analysis of the structure of bellows.

Regulating Gelation and Luminescence Behaviors of Single Pyridine-Functionalized Cyanostilbene via Metal Ions.

Luminescent metal-organic gels (LMOGs) have gained much attention due to their crucial role in visual recognition and information encryption. However, it is still a challenge to simplify the design of ligands and enrich the stimuli responses in LMOGs simultaneously. Herein, although a single pyridine ligand cannot form gel alone, after coordination with metal ions, two kinds of LMOGs have been obtained with pyridine-metal complexes, where metal ions can act as cogelators and regulate luminescence of the pyridine-functionalized cyanostilbene ligand at the same time. The effects of metal types on the fluorescence emission color, the fluorescence quantum yield, the fibril network, and the assembly mode of the gel have been investigated systematically. In addition, two competitive ligands were used to regulate the fluorescence and phase transition of the gel. Finally, the logic gates and the information encryption and decryption have been successfully constructed. This kind of material is expected to be applied to fluorescence display, advanced information encryption, high-tech anticounterfeit, and so forth.

ANCIENT EGYPTIAN METAL ARTIFACTS: LASTING FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS AGAINST CORROSION

Metals were used to make artifacts and medical tools in ancient times. This review article focuses on the gold and silver metal artifacts of the ancient Egyptian and their protection against corrosion. There is no doubt that Egypt is an open museum because the ancient Egyptians planted the monuments everywhere in the deserts. There are many types of artifacts, such as statues, jewelries, furniture, weapons, paints, etc. They have used different types of materials to make all these monuments, such as marbles, wood, stones, metals. They have used different types of metals, such as gold, silver, iron, and copper. The museums in Egypt accommodate huge number of metals artifacts. Ancient Egyptian produced fine and gorgeous artifacts, especially rings, bracelets, and necklaces. The artifacts were created to be resistant to degradation and corrosion over a long period of time. They have used different ways of protection, such as paints, alloying, chemicals etc.

Resonant-cavity-enhanced 4H-SiC thin film MSM UV photodetectors on SiO2/Si substrates

Heterogeneous integration of 4H-SiC film with Si substrate can produce ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PD) with higher performance and easier integration with silicon CMOS circuits than homogenous epitaxy of 4H-SiC on SiC substrates. In this study, 1.2 µm thick high-quality single crystalline 4H-SiC thin films were successfully bonded with SiO2/Si (100) substrates using the Smart-Cut technique, achieving bubble-free bonding interfaces and 6.03 MPa bonding strength. UV PDs of metal–semiconductor–metal type with a resonant cavity structure were fabricated for the first time using the heterogenous film sample. The device exhibits a low dark current of 1.6 × 10−13 A in reverse bias of 20 V and a maximum specific detectivity of about 5.2 × 1012 Jones at 280 nm, which is significant for a device with a resonance-enhanced structure. These results demonstrate a promising approach for the fabrication of 4H-SiC devices with silicon CMOS circuits.

Generating 3D images of material microstructures from a single 2D image: a denoising diffusion approach

Three-dimensional (3D) images provide a comprehensive view of material microstructures, enabling numerical simulations unachievable with two-dimensional (2D) imaging alone. However, obtaining these 3D images can be costly and constrained by resolution limitations. We introduce a novel method capable of generating large-scale 3D images of material microstructures, such as metal or rock, from a single 2D image. Our approach circumvents the need for 3D image data while offering a cost-effective, high-resolution alternative to existing imaging techniques. Our method combines a denoising diffusion probabilistic model with a generative adversarial network framework. To compensate for the lack of 3D training data, we implement chain sampling, a technique that utilizes the 3D intermediate outputs obtained by reversing the diffusion process. During the training phase, these intermediate outputs are guided by a 2D discriminator. This technique facilitates our method’s ability to gradually generate 3D images that accurately capture the geometric properties and statistical characteristics of the original 2D input. This study features a comparative analysis of the 3D images generated by our method, SliceGAN (the current state-of-the-art method), and actual 3D micro-CT images, spanning a diverse set of rock and metal types. The results shown an improvement of up to three times in the Frechet inception distance score, a typical metric for evaluating the performance of image generative models, and enhanced accuracy in derived properties compared to SliceGAN. The potential of our method to produce high-resolution and statistically representative 3D images paves the way for new applications in material characterization and analysis domains.

Study on the pyrolysis characteristics and char gasification kinetics of pre-separated automobile shredder residues

Automobile shredder residue (ASR) is a typical solid waste produced by the end-of-life automobile industry. The pyrolysis and gasification of ASR are effective methods to achieve reduction and resource utilization. By means of thermogravimetric analysis and fixed-bed experiments, the distribution as well as physicochemical properties of five typical ASR pyrolysis products after pre-sorting were systematically investigated, and the gasification kinetics of their pyrolysis char under CO2 as well as steam were also studied. Results showed that the pyrolysis of ASR was basically completed at 500°C, and the pyrolysis gas yield increased significantly with temperature. The tar contained mainly poly-benzene rings with carbon atoms C11–15 and their derivatives. At high temperatures, the structure of pyrolysis char tended to become more ordered, with small functional group such as - OH, - NH, - CH3, - CC -, and - COOH fracturing. The residual amounts of heavy metals such as Cr, Pb, and Ni in pyrolysis char were mostly exceed 45%, which were significantly affected by the type of heavy metals, pyrolysis temperature and material type. Hydrogen production from steam gasification accounted for up to 65%, and the gasification reactivity was better than that of CO2 gasification. The activation energy (E) calculated through shrinking core model (SCM) and random pore model (RPM) was 38.81–105.44 kJ/mol and 39.53–98.56 kJ/mol, respectively, which provided a good fit to the gasification kinetics in two gasification atmospheres. This study provides detailed data for the ASR pyrolysis and gasification technology, which is an important reference value for ASR research.

The influence of bronze composition on the protective properties of phosphonic acid films

The objects of cultural heritage (CH) are often made of bronze, whose composition varies with time and the location where they were cast. For this reason, it is desirable that the coating intended for corrosion protection of bronze CH is effective on different types of bronzes. The aim of this work was to examine the influence of the chemical composition of bronze substrate on the possibility of its corrosion protection by 16-phosphonohexadecanoic acid (COOH-PA) films. Studies were conducted on the three types of bronzes and pure metals composing bronzes (copper, tin, and zinc). The self-assembled films of COOH-PA were characterized by spectroscopic measurements (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical (linear polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) measurements. Electrochemical studies were conducted for two weeks in a simulated acid rain solution in order to determine the protection efficiency and stability of organic film. Protective phosphonic acid films formed on all studied substrates but their protective properties depended on the substrate’s composition and corrosion resistance and on the formation of metal–COOH-PA complexes inside the phosphonic acid layers. The least protective film formed on Zn due to its low corrosion resistance, as the substrate began to dissolve shortly after immersion in the acid rain solution. After two weeks of exposure to acid rain solution, the highest level of corrosion protection was observed on quaternary bronze, which was partially ascribed to the improved corrosion resistance of the substrate due to the dissolution of more reactive elements from the surface. Additionally, spectroscopic measurements revealed the formation of carboxylates and phosphonates that increased the stability of COOH-PA films on the bronze surface.

Glucose-Assisted Synthesis of Porous, Urchin-like Co3O4 Hierarchical Structures for Low-Concentration Hydrogen Sensing Materials.

The Co3O4 is a typical p-type metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) that attracted great attention for hydrogen detection. In this work, porous, urchin-like Co3O4 was synthesized using a hydrothermal method with the assistance of glucose and a subsequent calcination process. Urchin-like Co3O4 has a large specific surface area of 81.4 m2/g. The response value of urchin-like Co3O4 to 200 ppm hydrogen at 200 °C is 36.5 (Rg/Ra), while the low-detection limit is as low as 100 ppb. The obtained Co3O4 also exhibited good reproducibility, long-term stability, and selectivity towards various gases (e.g., ammonia, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane). Porous, urchin-like Co3O4 is expected to become a potential candidate for low-concentration hydrogen-sensing materials with the above advantages.

The impact of microbial community structure changes on the migration and release of typical heavy metal (loid)s during the revegetation process of mercury-thallium mining waste slag

The effect of changes in microbial community structure on the migration and release of toxic heavy metal (loid)s is often ignored in ecological restoration. Here, we investigated a multi-metal (mercury and thallium, Tl) mine waste slag. With particular focus on its strong acidity, poor nutrition, and high toxicity pollution characteristics, we added fish manure and carbonate to the slag as environmental-friendly amendments. On this basis, ryegrass, which is suitable for the remediation of metal waste dumps, was then planted for ecological restoration. We finally explored the influence of changes in microbial community structure on the release of Tl and As in the waste slag during vegetation reconstruction. The results show that the combination of fish manure and carbonate temporarily halted the release of Tl, but subsequently promoted the release of Tl and arsenic (As), which was closely related to changes in the microbial community structure in the waste slag after fish manure and carbonate addition. The main reason for these patterns was that in the early stage of the experiment, Bacillaceae inhibited the release of Tl by secreting extracellular polymeric substances; with increasing time, Actinobacteriota became the dominant bacterium, which promoted the migration and release of Tl by mycelial disintegration of minerals. In addition, the exogenously added organic matter acted as an electron transport medium for reducing microorganisms and thus helped to reduce nitrate or As (Ⅴ) in the substrate, which reduced the redox potential of the waste slag and promoted As release. At the same time, the phylum Firmicutes, including specific dissimilatory As-reducing bacteria that are capable of converting As into a more soluble form, further promoted the release of As. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for guiding the ecological restoration of relevant heavy-metal (loid) mine waste dumps.

Mechanistic insights into chemical conditioning on transformation of dissolved organic matter and plant biostimulants production during sludge aerobic composting

Inorganic coagulants (aluminum and iron salt) are widely used to improve sludge dewaterability, resulting in numerous residues in dewatered sludge. Composting refers to the controlled microbial process that converts organic wastes into fertilizer, and coagulant residues in dewatered sludge can affect subsequent compost efficiency and resource recycling, which remains unclear. This work investigated the effects of two typical metal salt coagulants (poly aluminum chloride [PAC] and poly ferric sulfate [PFS]) conditioning on sludge compost. Our results revealed that PAC conditioning inhibited composting with decreased peak temperature, microbial richness, enzymatic reaction intensities, and compost quality, associated with decreased pH and microbial toxicity of aluminum. Nevertheless, PFS conditioning selectively enriched Pseudoxanthomonas sp. and resulted in more fertile compost with increased peak temperature, enzymatic reaction intensities, and humification degree. Spectroscopy and mass difference analyses indicated that PFS conditioning enhanced reaction intensities of labile biopolymers at the thermophilic stage, mainly comprising hydrolyzation (H2O), dehydrogenation (-H2, -H4), oxidation (+O1H2), and other reactions (i.e., +CH2, C2H4O1, C2H6O1). Unlike the common composting process primarily conducts humification at the cooling stage, PFS conditioning changed the main occurrence stage to the thermophilic stage. Non-targeted metabolomics revealed that indole (a humification intermediate) is responsible for the increased humification degree and indoleacetic acid content in the PFS-conditioned compost, which then promoted compost quality. Plant growth experiments further confirmed that the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in PFS-conditioned compost produced the maximum plant biomass. This study provided molecular-level evidence that PFS conditioning can promote humification and compost fertility during sludge composting, enabling chemical conditioning optimization for sustainable management of sludge.

Comparative study of chemical speciation and leaching feature of typical heavy metals in coarse and fine slags from the entrained-flow coal gasification

ABSTRACT The dissimilarity in chemical speciation and release properties of heavy metals will result in varying levels of environmental hazards and potential applications of coal gasification coarse and fine slags. The distribution, chemical speciation, leaching features, and potential environmental risks of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, and Mn) in coarse and fine slags from different coal gasification processes were revealed and compared by the sequential chemical extraction method, Horizontal vibration method, and pH-dependent leaching experiments. The results show that Cr (516.78 mg/kg) in coarse slag, Zn (348.50 mg/kg) and Pb (214.78 mg/kg) in fine slag are highly enriched and the content exceeds the screening value, indicating the need for better management during stockpiling and landfilling. The distribution of Cr, Cu, Pb, and Mn in residual state, Zn in Fe-Mn oxide bound state, and Cd in unstable bound state is the highest in both coarse slag and fine slag. The leaching toxicity of heavy metals (HMs) does not exceed the standard, but the leachate is classified as Level V surface water or groundwater quality due to the leaching concentration of Pb exceeding 0.1 mg/L. Furthermore, leaching of Cr, Zn, Cd, and Pb in fine slag is much more dependent on pH compared to coarse slag, and the concentrations of Zn and Pb exceed emission standards at pH < 3.0. The high concentration of heavy metals caught on the surface of fine slag is more harmful to the environment. The properties of HMs in the slags and pH of the application environment must be comprehensively considered before coal gasification slag disposal, especially fine slag.

Microecological characteristics of water bodies/sediments and microbial remediation strategies after 50 years of pollution exposure in ammunition destruction sites in China

The effects of long-term ammunition pollution on microecological characteristics were analyzed to formulate microbial remediation strategies. Specifically, the response of enzyme systems, N/O stable isotopes, ion networks, and microbial community structure/function levels were analyzed in long-term (50 years) ammunition-contaminated water/sediments from a contamination site, and a compound bacterial agent capable of efficiently degrading trinitrotoluene (TNT) while tolerating many heavy metals was selected to remediate the ammunition-contaminated soil. The basic physical and chemical properties of the water/sediment (pH (up: 0.57–0.64), nitrate (up: 1.31–4.28 times), nitrite (up: 1.51–5.03 times), and ammonium (up: 7.06–70.93 times)) were changed significantly, and the significant differences in stable isotope ratios of N and O (nitrate nitrogen) confirmed the degradability of TNT by indigenous microorganisms exposed to long-term pollution. Heavy metals, such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cs, and Sb, have synergistic toxic effects in ammunition-contaminated sites, and significantly decreased the microbial diversity and richness in the core pollution area. However, long-term exposure in the edge pollution area induced microorganisms to use TNT as a carbon and nitrogen sources for life activities and growth and development. The Bacteroidales microbial group was significantly inhibited by ammunition contamination, whereas microorganisms such as Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Comamonadaceae gradually adapted to this environmental stress by regulating their development and stress responses. Ammunition pollution significantly affected DNA replication and gene regulation in the microecological genetic networks and increased the risk to human health. Mg and K were significantly involved in the internal mechanism of microbial transport, enrichment, and metabolism of TNT. Nine strains of TNT-utilizing microbes were screened for efficient TNT degradation and tolerance to typical heavy metals (copper, zinc and lead) found in contaminated sites, and a compound bacterial agent prepared for effective repair of ammunition-contaminated soil significantly improved the soil ecological environment.

Innovative Biomaterials for Bone Tumor Treatment and Regeneration: Tackling Postoperative Challenges and Charting the Path Forward.

Surgical resection of bone tumors is the primary approach employed in the treatment of bone cancer. Simultaneously, perioperative interventions, particularly postoperative adjuvant anticancer strategies, play a crucial role in achieving satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. However, the occurrence of postoperative bone tumor recurrence, metastasis, extensive bone defects, and infection are significant risks that can result in unfavorable prognoses or even treatment failure. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the development of biomaterials, leading to the emergence of new treatment options for bone tumor therapy and bone regeneration. This progress report aims to comprehensively analyze the strategic development of unique therapeutic biomaterials with inherent healing properties and bioactive capabilities for bone tissue regeneration. These composite biomaterials, classified into metallic, inorganic non-metallic, and organic types, are thoroughly investigated for their responses to external stimuli such as light or magnetic fields, internal interventions including chemotherapy or catalytic therapy, and combination therapy, as well as their role in bone regeneration. Additionally, an overview of self-healing materials for osteogenesis is provided and their potential applications in combating osteosarcoma and promoting bone formation are explored. Furthermore, the safety concerns of integrated materials and current limitations are addressed, while also discussing the challenges and future prospects.

Analyzing the physical properties of perovskite oxides CeBO3 (B=Be, Mg) for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications

The structural, electronic, elastic, thermoelectric and optical properties of CeBO3 (B = Be, Mg) oxide perovskites were investigated using density functional theory. Exchange and correlation effects were addressed through the GGA approximation and the TB-mBJ potential. Thermodynamic stability was confirmed by assessing cohesive energy and formation enthalpy. The band structures reveal a semiconductor nature with a moderate indirect band gap of 0.73 (CeBeO3) and 0.51 (CeMgO3). The TB-mBJ approximation has enhanced the gap value with a 55% approaching rate. These compounds exhibited a rigid and elastically anisotropic behavior with chemical bonds manifesting as a mixture of metallic and covalent types. The CeBeO3 displayed ductility while CeMgO3 exhibited brittleness. The optical examination suggests that these oxides exhibit activity across a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Their strong reflectivity in the near-infrared region was particularly noteworthy suggesting potential use as effective shields in this domain. The replacement of beryllium with a magnesium atom enhanced thermoelectric performance by reducing thermal conductivity and increasing the merit factor. Based on the obtained results, the semiconductor perovskites CeBeO3 and CeMgO3 hold promise for efficient applications in optical and thermoelectric devices.