Types Of Tourism Research Articles

Studying Landscape Diverse for Tourism Development in the Tay Nguyen Region, Vietnam

Landscape has long been recognized as an invaluable resource for tourism development and the foundation for the sustainable development of an entire territory. However, in-depth research on landscape diversity for tourism development from the perspective of landscape science has not received much attention. Applying landscape analysis, field survey, and remote sensing methods, the study has shown diversity in the landscape formation components that determine the diversity of tourism types and products in the Central Highlands. Each landscape unit contains tourism resources, the vertical structure of the landscape unit represents the specificity and tourism potential, and the horizontal structure of the landscape represents the connection of tourism resources along the route. , landscape changes over time demonstrate seasonality in tourism. The landscape structure component is both an object resource for enjoyment and at the same time a place where the tourism process takes place. This is a solid basis for developing many types of tourism such as eco-tourism, cultural tourism, resort tourism, and adventure tourism... and creates the foundation for organizing tourist territories. sustainable history, exploiting and honoring indigenous cultural and historical values, protecting the environment, and ensuring the region's long-term development.

Spiritual Tourism, Spiritual Tourists and Religions: The Nexus between Authenticity and Commodification

ABSTRACT Lack of mental stimulation and the materialisation of contemporary living has led to a growing demand for spiritual travel. Considering the abiding principle of spiritual tourism as a type of wellness tourism, similarities between spiritual tourism and the Mandala health model can be observed. This study explores spiritual tourism in Sri Lanka, emphasising its potential as a form of health tourism. Qualitative methods, including interviews with spiritual tourists and spiritual tourism service providers, were employed, underpinned by the Mandala health model. It uncovers that religious motives, cultural and environmental factors, and personal beliefs contribute to spiritual tourism and that Sri Lanka, rich in cultural and natural resources, is poised for spiritual tourism growth. The study emphasises understanding tourists’ motives, behaviour, and the supply side, using the Mandala health model. It identifies a nexus between existential authenticity and commodification, posing challenges for sustainable spiritual tourism development in Sri Lanka.

Sustainable Marketing in Enhancing Customer Consumption in Tourism Industry in China

In China, there are many weaknesses related to the development of the hospitality and tourism market. Nevertheless, regarding to marketing, it is necessary to have more well prepared marketing practices in order to build some replaceable types of sustainable tourism following customer requirements and current trends at the time. The research is conducted with the purpose of making an intensive analysis of the importance of sustainable marketing in enhancing customer consumption in tourism industry in China. This paper also proposes some solutions to enhance sustainable tourism in China.

INTEGRATION OF GREEN OPEN SPACES IN TOURISM ACCOMMODATION GLAMPING RICHLAND BATURITI BALI

Glamping tourism is currently experiencing rapid growth. This is because this type of tourism offers a unique natural tourism experience with modern and comfortable facilities. This research focuses on green open spaces at Richland Glamping Baturiti Bali. Richland Glamping Baturiti is a glamping accommodation that provides green open space in an area with beautiful natural beauty. This allows the development of optimal green open spaces harmoniously with the surrounding environment. Hopefully, this research can contribute to realizing glamping tourism, which provides a unique and exciting tourist experience, preserves nature and supports sustainable development. This research uses qualitative methods with the object of the Richland glamping case study in Bali, which has green open spaces. Primary data was collected through observation and documentation, while secondary data was obtained from the library. All information and data are analyzed using relevant theories and then explained descriptively. Glamping offers luxury accommodations in nature with a commitment to cleanliness and personal service. The green open space is designed with ecological principles to improve the quality of life, groundwater, and ecosystem balance. Through these environmental design principles, an analysis was carried out on the case objects of green open space at Glamping Richland Bali. The Richland Glamping Baturiti Bali case study shows how this principle can be applied by choosing the right plants and location, creating a harmonious and environmentally friendly experience for visitors.

Buenos Aires Youth Tourism Access Policy

Summary In Argentina, in the south of Latin America, student tourism has been associated with trips for young people who finish secondary school level. Such trips have a mountain and snow destination during the winter season and are organised privately between travel agencies and student groups, without the intervention of schools or state aid. Although sustained for decades, given their high costs, access to this type of tourism has become increasingly associated with upper-middle socio-economic sectors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, in 2021, the government of Buenos Aires, one of the largest and most populous provinces of Argentina, established the programme “End of Term Trip”, a local public policy of student tourism aimed at secondary school students of that province. Through a free trip package, it links the aims of universality and equality with a tourism policy that promotes new destinations, favours the work of travel agencies, and boosts off-season tourism. Based on documented data and an interview with a programme official this case study presents a tourism policy that seeks to boost the tourism sector and, at the same time, encourages the participation of young people from different social sectors in recreational tourism practices and their access to leisure and tourism rights. Information © The Authors 2024

Variables Affecting Tourist Satisfaction at Tapeshwari Buffer Zone Community Homestay in Belaka Municipality

Tourist satisfaction is very important for local community to operate the homestay. This research paper focuses on investigating factors influencing tourist satisfaction in homestays. Its objective is to analyze these variables, understand the types of tourists choosing homestays, and assess the local community's commitment to ensuring tourist satisfaction. This article focuses on Belha village of Belaka Municipality, Udayapur. The research design incorporates both qualitative and quantitative methods, aiming for a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon through various theories and data collection approaches: preliminary interviews, telephonic interviews, structural interviews, Google surveys etc. have been used. The data collected from 82 participants indicates that Tangibles, Environment, Nutriments and Commitment are the significantly strong predictor of tourist satisfaction and this study further shows that commitment of the homestay operator is much stronger predictor of tourist satisfaction. This study explored the TENC Tangibles, Environment, Nutriments and Commitment) model with 25 measurement items to gauge the satisfaction of tourists staying in the homestay. This shows that Tangibles, Environment, Nutriments and Commitment (TENC) in a homestay lead towards the tourist satisfaction. The homestay should focus on exploring their culture and traditions, updating the tangible facilities and providing trainings to the homestay operators for the better service.

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF EDUCATIONAL TOURISM

In today's technological era, rural tourism with its unique and unusual offer, which carries the traditions, culture and culinary heritage of ancestors, becomes a proper and unique cultural capital, and it has opportunities to hybridize with other types of tourism, for example, with educational tourism. As a separate type of tourism - educational tourism, becomes an innovative opportunity to revive the usual rural tourism offer. In order to retain the interest of tourists, the tourism experience must have transformative potential. Consumer experiences can contribute to tourists' cognitions and emotions, resulting in psychological, physical, social, or knowledge changes. Educational tourism combines the features of two fields: education and tourism, which at the intersection gives the actual educational tourism. In Latvia, educational tourism is not defined as a separate economic category. This type of tourism can become a successful platform for travelers' self-growth, creating opportunities for them to learn, relax and improve spiritually. The aim of the study is to analyze the interpretations of the definition. The research uses the scientific literature research method. The research questions are (1) What research has been done on aspects of educational tourism? (2 ) Which scientists have focused on the study of this concept? (3) What are the prerequisites for the introduction of educational tourism in Latgale/regions? An exploratory study was implemented and described in this paper.

Towards a regenerative shift in tourism: applying a regenerative conceptual framework toward swimmable urban rivers

Regenerative tourism is a transformational approach to healing relationships between tourism, places and communities. Several urban rivers are being made swimmable (again) to mitigate against negative climate effects, promote urban health and liveability and contribute to the city’s tourism potential. This paper examines the application of a regenerative tourism conceptual framework (RTCF) to the Swimmable Birrarung/Yarra River (SB2030) initiative in Narrm, Melbourne, Australia and the dynamics among the key initiative stakeholders. Swimming is applied to catalyse regenerative transformations of the city’s main waterway. Tourism’s contributions to regenerating the river and its community are examined. The RTCF is tested for the development and implementation of a transdisciplinary action research project involving the river, civil society, academic, Indigenous, business, and government actors. Analysis of the SB2030 initiative shows that extractive approaches dominate tourism’s approach to the river but also that tourism can play a critical role in supporting the regenerative development of the river and its community. Rather than a type of tourism, it positions tourism’s core purpose as a contributor to the regeneration of social-ecological systems. Evidently, other sectors must create conditions suitable for tourism to support the multi-systems urban river regeneration impetus. This paper contributes to the discursive developments of regenerative tourism applications and informs urban regenerative development transformations.

Illuminating rural tourism: A bibliometric approach

During the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, rural tourism in developed nations provided an exhilarating and pioneering field to delve into, whether one was a scholarly researcher or a visitor immersing oneself in the countryside environment. This type of tourism emerged as a novel and distinctive option, challenging the traditional and, in some cases, rapidly expanding beach and coastal resorts that dominated the tourism industry after the Second World War. Rural tourism was not a completely new occurrence in advanced countries during that period. It had already been set up, for example, in many distinguished and charming areas throughout Europe and North America since the end of the 19th century. The research examines the responses to the growth and transformation of rural tourism by analyzing articles published in Scopus, specifically exploring the subject categories and geographic distribution of these publications. By identifying patterns and making predictions based on these articles, this study aims to classify and investigate key research advancements and divisions in rural tourism. Additionally, it explores the research gaps in this field and synthesizes the findings to establish a solid framework for future investigations. The study also delves into the marketing research aspect of rural tourism and rural locations, highlighting the value of rural tourism journals for businesses and examining the emerging research trends and future opportunities in tourism organizations, as well as critical indicators for business performance. Finally, the article suggests that the capability framework can be utilized to identify new avenues for marketing research in the area.

Multicriteria Decision for Selecting Tourist Destinations and Increase Its Competitiveness

The competitiveness of a tourist destination is related to its capacity to present products and services better than others, providing tourist experiences that meet the preferences of those who demand them. However, how tourists decide which destination to visit is a question that needs to be answered to support all destination stakeholders, and this is the aim of this research. This paper uses the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making approach to prioritise the types of tourism. The method applied is the Analytic Hierarchy Process, and the results showed the greater importance of the criteria of rest/simplicity and cultural difference. As for the tourist destinations, the most relevant in order of priority were Cruise tourism followed by Art/culture tourism, showing that these two types of tourism must be combined in a co-competition.

LEGAL PROTECTION AND LIABILITY OF THE BUSINESS ACTORS AGAINST TOURISTS IN MT. AGUNG BALI

Incidents of accidents during risky climbs have been reported in Bali, and yet to date there are no specific legal regulations regarding mountaineering tourism in the region. Mountaineering tourism is a type of tourism with a high risk, making it very important to implement legal regulations that can provide protection to tourists in any undesirable situation. This research aims to evaluate the legal protection of tourists according to Law No. 10/2009 on Tourism as well as the liability of mountain climbing tourism business actors to those who have experienced losses. This is a qualitative research which adopted normative and conceptual approach. The research findings indicate that there is a necessity for additional regulations as stated in the Governor Regulation of Bali No. 52/2021 concerning Regulations for the Implementation of Regional Regulation No. 5/2020 concerning Standards for the Implementation of Balinese Cultural Tourism. In accordance with Article 1366 of the Civil Code, businesses or managers of the mountain climbing tourist attractions in Bali are obliged to be responsible in the case of accidents that have caused significant losses to tourists. The liability of business actors can also refer to Article 7 of Law No. 8/1999 on Consumer Protection. In addition, the liability of business actors as managers of tourist attractions is also referred to Article 26 of Law No. 10/2009 concerning Tourism and Article 6 No. 3 of Bali Province Regional Regulation No. 5/2020 concerning Standards for the Implementation of Balinese Cultural Tourism.

Educational tourism in the context of global challenges

The article is devoted to educational tourism which currently acts as one of the promising technologies of modern education, demonstrating a steady demand for it despite the aggravated geopolitical and socio-economic situations, and that explains the relevance of this issue. An important goal of educational tourism is formation of a comprehensively developed personality capable of vigorous activity in a multiethnic and multicultural environment. On the basis of characteristic features of educational tourism described in this article, a definition is formulated in which the integrative nature of the studied type of tourism is identified. In addition, the main directions of educational tours are given that allow to get the most complete picture of this social phenomenon alongside with the advantages of educational trips for both the host country and the student. The paper considers the Russian export of educational services, which makes it possible to increase the stability of the local economy. Some relevant initiatives contributing to the development of educational tourism in Russia have also been studied. The arguments justifying the need for its immediate development are presented as well as the tasks that require priority solutions for this. It is concluded that tourism and education are the key drivers for the development of the modern economy.

Factors of forming tourist flows in modern development of tourism in the Russian Federation

The article presents the factors of modern development of tourism in Russia. Statistics on the development of the Russian tourism indicate that the direction, dynamics and intensity of tourist flows have changed quite significantly from 2010 to 2022. According to certain development parameters of the domestic tourism industry, there are both considerable achievements and unresolved issues. The formulation of public policy on resolution of the latter should be implemented on the basis of current factors. Sustainable development of the Russian tourism sector is possible by ensuring an integrated approach that includes improvement of the quality of tourism services based on the principles of sustainable tourism alongside with increase of investment attractiveness of tourism infrastructure and increase of investments in tourism digital products. The expected promising directions for the development of the industry are substantiated: the priority of health and safety, ecotourism, decrease in the number of spontaneous trips, development of niche tourism areas, digitalisation of the industry, virtualisation and simulation (imitation of tourism activities). Attention is focused on important factors of tourism development: potential growth points for the tourism industry are identified as well as the expected types of tourism that will attract demand from tourists.

ВЫБОР МОДЕЛИ РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ТУРИЗМА В РЕГИОНЕ ДЛЯ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ

At the present stage of development of the services market, tourism is becoming one of the most developing areas of activity, which requires constant improvement of quality, diversity of tourism offer and modernization of tourism infrastructure. In the context of scientific and technological progress, tourism, as an area that affects many different industries, serves as an important factor in the economic and socio-cultural development of rural areas. Russia occupies a minor position in the global tourism market. Despite the great tourism potential, its competitive advantage lies in the unique objects of architecture, culture, history and natural heritage, as well as in the national flavor of the country. Rural tourism can become one of the most important areas of economic development, which will contribute to the social, spiritual and economic development of Russian regions and the country as a whole. There is a necessity and need to bring domestic tourism services in line with modern world trends, to increase the competitiveness of Russian travel companies in the tourism services market. The Russian Federation has significant territorial potential and enormous opportunities for the development of large-scale tourism activities. According to the Strategy for the Development of Tourism in the Country until 2035, the main goal is the comprehensive development of the key competitive advantages of tourism in the Russian Federation, due to the presence of many points of attraction for domestic and inbound tourist flows. Due to the presence of a larger number of monuments of cultural, historical and natural heritage in Russia, there are prospects for the development of almost any type of tourism. In this situation, agricultural tourism is of particular importance as one of the most important factors in the sustainable development of rural areas and the agricultural sector.

School tours and philanthropy in Zimbabwe

In Zimbabwe, partnerships with tourism companies enable schools to raise funds for infrastructure in exchange for allowing tourists to enter their school. This paper reports on one school using semi-structured interviews with teachers, school staff and tourism personnel. To shed light on the school tour, it explores three configurations of tours and funding. This paper argues that little is known about this type of tourism and by exploring three configurations of the school tour, it highlights the issues concerned with these types of partnerships and contributes a deeper understanding of these partnerships to the research literature.

Towards Efforts to Equalize Income in Africa: The Role of Tourism Development

ABSTRACT A vast literature has investigated the nexus between tourism and income inequality in developing and developed countries. Unfortunately, the literature on the impact of tourism on income inequality in Africa is sparse. Hence, this study examines the influence of tourism on income inequality in 30 African countries over the period 1996–2020. In addition to international tourism arrivals and international tourism receipts which have been widely used by previous studies, this study uses a plethora of tourism indicators, namely business tourism spending, leisure tourism spending, internal travel and tourism consumption, domestic tourism spending, and visitor exports. Moreover, unlike previous studies that have extensively used the Gini index with its inadequacy as a measurement of income inequality; this study uses the Atkinson index and Palma ratio to capture extreme points of the inequality distribution. The empirical evidence is based on the panel-corrected standard error (PCSE) estimation technique. The results reveal that tourism contributes to the equalization of income in Africa, contingent on the type of tourism. Policy implications are discussed.

Sentiment analysis applied to tourism: exploring tourist-generated content in the case of a wellness tourism destination

ABSTRACT Sentiment analysis of content generated by tourists through social media platforms can be used to generate knowledge about a wellness tourism destination. The present research aims to explore the content generated by tourist reviews, analyse the sentiments about a wellness tourism destination made in comments on hotels, evaluate the sentiment of tourists towards the various components of this kind of destination, and identify the motivations for tourists to look for wellness tourism destinations, such as the Algarve. The analysis of the reviews of the tourism components demonstrates tourists’ opinions about the wellness destination and also grades the infrastructure facilities and the highlighted services for the categories of this type of tourism. In attaining the objectives of this study, quantitative methods were used to review 1294 comments extracted from TripAdvisor, to which text mining algorithms were applied to assess the sentiment expressed in the comments. The results show that the three keywords most frequently used for all component categories in the Algarve wellness destinations are “great”, “love” and “visit”, and also reveal that a hotel providing spa and massage services in the tourist wellness destination mainly satisfies the desires of a tourist.

Can co-creating a “slow destination” image boost sustainability?

The aim of this study is to determine whether a “slow tourism” image, coupled with value co-creation, can help develop sustainable tourist destinations. The study adapts a “slow destination image” scale and proposes that online value co-creation can be a valid strategy in the quest to encourage pro-environmental behaviors among visitors. A quantitative empirical study is conducted on a sample of Spanish domestic tourists (n = 681) and a covariance-based structural equation modeling analysis is performed. The findings of the study add value to the literature, providing empirical evidence that a “slow destination” image has a positive effect on tourist pro-environmental behavior and that online value co-creation has a positive and significant effect on “slow destination” image and tourist pro-environmental behavior. The study will also be of practical use to destination/tourism agents, both public and private, by indicating how to develop a type of tourism—slow tourism—and a marketing strategy—online value co-creation—that are useful for building sustainability and applicable to any tourist destination.

Hotels’ Global Standard Practices, Service Delivery, and Guests’ Satisfaction

This descriptive correlational research delved into the assessment of hotels' global standard practices, service delivery, and guests’ satisfaction across the entire Province of Negros Occidental in the year 2023. The 335 respondents were purposely chosen and selected using convenience sampling, considering variables such as age, sex, type of tourist, income, hotel class, and occupational status as independent factors. The study utilized a researcher-made questionnaires to gather comprehensive data. Statistical analysis, including frequency count, percentage, mean, Mann Whitney U-Test, Kruskal Wallis H-Test, and Spearman’s Rho was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The study's findings shed light on critical aspects of the hotel industry. Majority of respondents within the 18 to 28 years’ age bracket, were male, adventure tourists, and preferred three-star hotels, emphasizing the importance of understanding this demographic for tailored services. Evaluation of hotels' global standard practices highlighted consistently high ratings, showcasing positive perceptions of food quality, service, and ambiance across various demographics. The study emphasized the need to customize services based on diverse customer profiles for enhanced operational efficiency and guests’ satisfaction. Insights into the relationships between global standard practices, service delivery, and guests’ satisfaction underlined the pivotal role of adhering to high standards and delivering exceptional services to amplify guest contentment within the hotel industry. These findings may provide valuable insights for the design and management of hotel services to optimize customer experiences.

Theoretical and methodological basis of researching the essence of international tourism

The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations for studying the essence of international tourism. Considering the category “international tourism”, it has been established that it has characteristic features that distinguish it from other types of tourism. One of them is the crossing of state cordons, which is associated with the most important formalities: registration of foreign passports and visas, completion of military procedures, currency and medical control. We have identified the main features of international tourism: systematic development, sensitivity to market changes, steady changes in the supply and position of tourist services, an increase in the range of these services. International tourism is an important stimulus for the development of world trade, which leads to increased activation of international trade exchanges. Nowadays, international tourism is viewed as an independent type of international connections. Without regional cooperation, international tourism cannot develop successfully. International tourism is a rich phenomenon that combines economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects. It has an inexhaustible potential for sustainable development, and it has connections with the rich wealth of the economy, which implies a new place in the socio-economic life of countries and peoples. International tourism has the potential to integrate, consolidate, embrace constructive dialogue, solidarity and mutual understanding between peoples. Thus, international tourism is an influx channel of “public diplomacy”.