Production Of Types Research Articles

Reply to the comment by Filbee-Dexter et al. (2023) “Seaweed forests are carbon sinks that may help mitigate CO2 emissions”

Abstract Filbee-Dexter et al. provided commentary on Gallagher et al.’s assertion regarding the limitations of seaweed ecosystems in mitigating CO2 emissions. However, Filbee-Dexter et al. appear to have different understandings of several key aspects, and claims of heterotrophic bias contradict their cited literature upon which our analysis was based. Filbee-Dexter et al.’s reliance on net primary production fails to consider the consumption and remineralization of said production. Their endorsements of high levels of seaweed ecosystem autotrophy taken from the literature were either conceptually, temporally, or community assemblage-inappropriate. The existing literature does not substantiate their claim of methodological bias between different types of net ecosystem production (NEP) measurements. Additionally, all of these direct measurements account for any photo-re-assimilation of respiratory subsidies. Contrary to Filbee-Dexter et al.’s claim, Gallagher et al. consider the export of sequestered seaweed. The study revealed that respiratory subsidies offset the exported sequestration rates from an average of +173 million tonnes C yr−1 as a carbon sink to a carbon source of around −54 million tonnes C yr−1. Nonetheless, there are also points of consensus. It will be necessary to weight NEP for the types of seaweed ecosystems, and account for differences with a seaweeds’ particular degraded or alternative state as more data becomes available. Finally, more research is required to better understand the fate of export, and the impact of net calcification on the atmospheric exchange of CO2.

Effect of vanadium and niobium on phase transformations in chromium-nickel-molybdenum shipbuilding steel.

The effect of microalloying with niobium and vanadium on phase transformations and the structure of chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel during hardening, including after previous hot plastic deformation, has been studied. A low-carbon chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel with a different content of alloying and microalloying elements was chosen as the object of study. The performed studies made it possible to establish the regularities of the influence of microalloying additives, hot plastic deformation and grain size on phase transformations and structural features of chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel. The results of the study could be used to improve known technologies or create some new types of production

Organization of primary accounting of the production of products and its qualimetric evaluation in dairy and meat cattle breeding

The article deals with the organization of primary cost accounting and output in dairy and beef cattle breeding. Proposals are recommended for the formation of a workflow schedule based on the technological connections of departments and types of production in cattle breeding. Methods for rationing material and biological costs, qualimetric quality assessment and its reflection in primary documents for accounting for output are proposed.

Cash flow investment, external funding and the energy transition: Evidence from large US energy firms

We examine the relationship between cash flow and investment in the US energy sector from 1988 to 2020. Our analysis incorporates firms’ financial constraints and the type of energy production in which they are engaged, distinguishing between brown and green generation. Our findings reveal a positive relationship between investment and cash flow for green energy firms, which behave similarly to constrained energy firms. While traditional brown energy firms tend to use higher cash flow to increase dividend payments and repurchase equity, green and constrained firms use it to repay debt and to fund investment. Our results suggest that policies aimed at strengthening the linkages between financial intermediaries and green firms could unlock cash flow resources for investment and innovation, facilitating the scaling up of operations during the energy transition. To ensure the sustainability of the transition, it is critical to reduce the reliance of green energy firms on internally generated cash flow, which is subject to volatility and cyclical macroeconomic conditions.

CGAS-STING signaling in cell death: Mechanisms of action and implications in pathologies.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) monitors dsDNA in the cytosol in response to pathogenic invasion or tissue injury, initiating cGAS-STING signaling cascades that regulate various cellular physiologies, including IFN /cytokine production, autophagy, protein synthesis, metabolism, senescence, and distinct types of cell death. cGAS-STING signaling is crucial for host defense and tissue homeostasis; however, its dysfunction frequently leads to infectious, autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative, and cancerous diseases. Our knowledge regarding the relationships between cGAS-STING signaling and cell death is rapidly evolving, highlighting their essential roles in pathogenesis and disease progression. Nevertheless, the direct control of cell death by cGAS-STING signaling, rather than IFN/NF-κB-mediated transcriptional regulation, remains relatively unexplored. This review examines the mechanistic interplays between cGAS-STING cascades and apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagic/lysosomal cell death. We will also discuss their pathological implications in human diseases, particularly in autoimmunity, cancer, and organ injury scenarios. We hope that this summary will stimulate discussion for further exploration of the complex life-or-death responses to cellular damage mediated by cGAS-STING signaling.

PECULIARITIES OF PROPER NAMES OF MODERN CINEMA FILMS FUNCTIONING

The article is devoted to the study of the proper titles of feature films, through the prism of functioning. The topic under study has been updated by a number of factors, among which is the interest of linguists in the processes of nomination of films, in particular, the activation of typological studies of the proper titles of films as peculiar in terms of functions, structure, derivation, semantic and motivational basis of titles and the development of the Ukrainian film industry. We consider the proper names of feature films to be special, little-studied denotations. We recorded 364 titles of feature films that have been released since 2014.
 In the work, the main tendencies of the functioning of the proper titles of the feature film as a component of ideonymy have been traced. We studied proper names of this type from the point of view of the genre specificity of the researched material. In accordance with this, the following were established: the place and role of the concept of ‘film’ in Ukrainian onomastics, productive types of such names, their structural organization, word-forming potential and semantics of the creative basis of such names.
 Having analyzed such proper names, it is worth noting that, today, drama, in particular – comedy, is one of the most popular genres of Ukrainian cinema. In accordance with the structural organization of films, it is worth noting the high productivity of compound names. Such results, in our opinion, are undoubtedly related to the peculiarities of the functional load of the title-heading as a component of a complete work. Word formation is quite connected with the structure of the name, which is why productivity also gravitates towards lexical-semantic word formation due to the syntactic way of word formation. The semantics of the creative basis of proper names of this type are characterized by the productivity of appellative derivatives, in particular multi-component ones.
 In the future, we see the need to study other classes of filmonyms, as special structural elements of the onymic space of the modern Ukrainian literary language.

Organizing Maintenance Service Contracts for Initial Purchases: The Interplay Among Product Type, Service Type, and Service Approach

Organizing Maintenance Service Contracts for Initial Purchases: The Interplay Among Product Type, Service Type, and Service Approach

Satellite cells sourced from bull calves and dairy cows differs in proliferative and myogenic capacity – Implications for cultivated meat

Cultivated meat produced with primary muscle satellite cells (SCs) will need a continuous supply of isolated cell material from relevant animal donors. Factors such as age, sex, and breed, along with the sustainability and availability of donor animals, could determine the most appropriate donor type for an efficient production. In this study, we focus on the proliferation and differentiation of bovine SCs isolated from bull calf and dairy cow muscle samples. The proliferative performance of bull calf SCs was significantly better than SCs from dairy cows, however a dynamic differentiation assay revealed that the degree of fusion and formation of myotubes were similar between donor types. Furthermore, the proliferation of SCs from both donor types was enhanced using an in-house developed serum-free media compared to 10% FBS, which also delayed myogenic differentiation and increased final cell population density. Using gene chip transcriptomics, we identified several differentially expressed genes between the two donor types, which could help explain the observed cellular differences. This data also revealed a high biological variance between the three replicate animals within donor type, which seemed to be decreased when using our in-house serum-free media. With the use of the powerful imaging modalities of Cytation 5, we developed a novel high contrast brightfield-enabled label-free myotube quantification method along with a more efficient end-point fusion analysis using Phalloidin-staining. The results give new insights into the bovine SC biology and potential use of bull calves and dairy cows as relevant donor animals for cultivated beef cell sourcing. The newly developed differentiation assays will further enhance future research within the field of cultivated meat and SC biology.

Quantifying effects of different types of droughts on gross primary production in China

AbstractThe increasing impact of drought stress on ecosystems with regard to climate change has received considerable attention, which has been demonstrated to have a time‐lag effect on ecosystems. However, the time‐lag effect on different types of droughts and gross primary production (GPP) at large regional scales remains unclear. Thus, using the GOSIF GPP product data of solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence, the meteorological drought index (standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index [SPEI]), and the agricultural drought index (soil moisture deficit index [SMDI]) based on the soil moisture data obtained from the Global Land Data Assimilation System, the time‐lag effect of regional drought and GPP and the contribution of drought to GPP variation were analysed in China from 2000 to 2018. Results showed that (1) China's annual GPP increased at an average rate of 9.26 g C m−2 y−1. With regard to the average rate for each climate zone, the largest increase of 30.44 g C m−2 y−1 was observed in the southern subtropical region, and the smallest increase (4.01 g C m−2 y−1) was observed in the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau, with about 53.11% of the regions showing a significant upward trend. In addition, the significantly declining regions were primarily concentrated in urban areas, accounting for about 2.26% of China. (2) SPEI and GPP had an average lag time of 6.28 months, whereas SMDI and GPP had an average lag time of 7.17 months. The comparison demonstrated that SMDI had a greater influence on GPP than SPEI. (3) The average contribution rate of meteorological drought and agricultural drought to the decrease of GPP was 79.37% and 87.06%, and their average contribution rate to the increase of GPP was 39.11% and 50.57%, respectively. This study will provide comprehensive understanding of the effects of drought on carbon and water cycles in terrestrial ecosystems with regard to climate change.

Determination of some heavy metals resides in different types of poultry production

The diet is the main rout of exposer of heavy metals; therefore the evaluation of these metals in human’s dietary intake is important. The study examined the concentration of some residues of heavy metals (copper, Arsenic and Lead ) in different poultry products such as chicken frozen thigh and breast muscle originating from Brazil and Turkey, Etimad and Shemal local company chicken frozen thigh and breast muscle, local quail frozen thigh and breast muscle as well as local quail eggs. The results of the study indicated that the highest concentrations of Copper (Co) and Arsenic ( As) were found in Brazilian frozen thigh and breast muscles compared with other products. However, the concentrations of these metals were within permissible and safe for human consumption. Lead (Pb) concentrations chicken frozen thigh and breast muscle originating from Brazil was found to be high (p≤0.05) and above permissible level than chicken and quail frozen meat as well as eggs.

Bilingualism of A. Pudin’s Dramaturgy

The article deals with the artistic originality of bilingualism of one of the leading modern Mordovian playwrights Alexander Pudin. The most productive types of it in the work of the playwright are defined, and the reasons for the use of two languages in the writing process are identified. The importance of the transition from one language to another is emphasized in order to expand the aesthetic boundaries of the author’s worldview and to accurately convey ethnic nuances to the foreign-language reader and viewer. The author reveals the artistic and aesthetic specificity of the author’s translation, which allowed to reveal more deeply both the conflict collisions of plays and the individual characters of carriers of national character traits. A special place is given to plays in Russian, in which the playwright immerses us in a diverse ethnic palette of perception of the surrounding reality and recreates a bright national flavor through mythological context.

PENERAPAN METODE MIND MAPPING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS DI KELAS IV SDN RANCAILAT 1 KABUPATEN TANGERANG

For maximum learning we must develop skills or abilities as potential that we have, such as the ability to think as a means in learning to involve students in learning activities in class. This study aims to find out whether there are differences in students creative thingking abilities with the application of the Mind Mapping method in social studies class IV SD Negeri Rancailat 1 Kabupaten Tangerang. The research method used was quasi-experimental, with the research design used in the form of a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample studied was class IVA students as an experimental class totaling 25 students and class IVB as a control class totaling 25 students. The analysis technique in this study was the Test-T. based on the result of the T-test calculation, obtained Thitung of 4,5814 and the Ttabel of 2,01063. Thus fulfilling the test criteria Thitung>Ttabel then Ha is accepted at a significant level 5%. Which means there are differences in students creative thingking abilities with the application of the Mind Mapping method of fourth grade elementary school students in IPSsubjects, in material (1) production, distribution and consumption economic activities (2) types of work related to lifestyle surrounding community (3) types of jobs that produce goods and service.

Fluctuations of planted area in salt production in Bima Regency

This study aimed to analyze fluctuations in the planting area of salt production in the Bima district over six years. The data used were planting area data for the period 2016 – 2021. The results of this study showed that the highest planting area was in 2018, which was 1729.82 Ha and the lowest was in 2016, which was 435.78 Ha. The planting area is differentiated based on the type of production: non pugar, traditional Pugar, and geoisolator Pugar. The planting area for the highest non-Pugar production was in the Lambu sub-district, which was 20 ha and dominated by 63%. The planting area for the highest traditional Pugar production was found in the Woha sub-district, which was 653.02 Ha or 48% of the total planted area in Bima District. And for salt production in the geoisolator Pugar, the highest planting area is in Bolo District, which is 200.15 Ha and dominates as much as 48% of the total planted area as a whole for this type of production.

TYPES OF SPEECH ACTIVITIES AT THE STAGES OF LEARNING THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: DIRECTIONS AND PROSPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

The main directions of scientific research into one of the important parts of the methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language as a science – teaching speech activities – are considered. It is proved that the methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language at the latest stage of development has a strong scientific theoretical basis and numerous achievements of practicing teachers. The content of the methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language covers several links: the basics of teaching methods, methods of teaching phonetics, vocabulary, grammar in a foreign audience. The methodology of teaching speech activities not only completes this structure in the professional and methodological training of teachers of Ukrainian as a foreign language within the specialization “Ukrainian as a foreign language”, but also meets the requirements of the communicative method of teaching. Speech activity is considered as an active, purposeful process of transmitting or perceiving information, which is realized in the types of speech activity – speaking, writing, reading and listening. The article summarizes the scientific problems of productive and receptive types of speech activity, which are the subject of numerous scientific works (dissertations, monographs, scientific articles) by Ukrainian linguists. The author emphasizes the unanimous approval in the scientific field of the principle of interrelated teaching of speech activities. Attention is drawn to the study of general theoretical issues related to each type and specific problems concerning the textual basis of teaching (dialogue/monologue, reading text, audio text, written composition), disclosure of the methodological potential of specific genres of texts, techniques and methods of working with them for foreigners of different age, specialty and native language. The most productive areas of scientific research – speaking and reading – have been identified, which demonstrate the growth of communicative and pragmatic motivation of foreigners in learning Ukrainian as a foreign language and the need for scientific understanding of the teaching process. Prospects for scientific research involving the use of translation as an activity, as well as solving the problem of unifying terms within the methodology of teaching speech activities are outlined. Key words: linguodidactics, methods of teaching speech activities, speaking, reading, listening, writing.

Metagenomics reveals novel microbial signatures of farm exposures in house dust.

Indoor home dust microbial communities, important contributors to human health, are shaped by environmental factors, including farm-related exposures. Advanced metagenomic whole genome shotgun sequencing (WGS) improves detection and characterization of microbiota in the indoor built-environment dust microbiome, compared to conventional 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (16S). We hypothesized that the improved characterization of indoor dust microbial communities by WGS will enhance detection of exposure-outcome associations. The objective of this study was to identify novel associations of environmental exposures with the dust microbiome from the homes of 781 farmers and farm spouses enrolled in the Agricultural Lung Health Study. We examined various farm-related exposures, including living on a farm, crop versus animal production, and type of animal production, as well as non-farm exposures, including home cleanliness and indoor pets. We assessed the association of the exposures on within-sample alpha diversity and between-sample beta diversity, and the differential abundance of specific microbes by exposure. Results were compared to previous findings using 16S. We found most farm exposures were significantly positively associated with both alpha and beta diversity. Many microbes exhibited differential abundance related to farm exposures, mainly in the phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. The identification of novel differential taxa associated with farming at the genera level, including Rhodococcus, Bifidobacterium, Corynebacterium, and Pseudomonas, was a benefit of WGS compared to 16S. Our findings indicate that characterization of dust microbiota, an important component of the indoor environment relevant to human health, is heavily influenced by sequencing techniques. WGS is a powerful tool to survey the microbial community that provides novel insights on the impact of environmental exposures on indoor dust microbiota. These findings can inform the design of future studies in environmental health.

Специализация машиностроительного производства

Specialization types such as subject, technological, their levels and areas of their effective application are viewed. Since any specialized production is aimed at running-out production, so subject specialization is primary, for example, in the produc-tion of automobiles, as for technological specialization, it is secondary, for it shows a technological method to allow making a product, for example, in the foundry production. The level of subject specialization and the level of technological special-ization should dovetail into one another. It is shown that the types of production (unit, full-scale, mass) are based on the cor-responding levels of subject and technological specialization, the lower the level of subject specialization, the lower the level of technological specialization. For example, small volume manufacturing is due to a low level of subject specializa-tion. An increase in the level of subject specialization results in the level increase in technological specialization - manufac-turing production process management, etc. Subject-specific specialized production can be divided into two groups: the first group includes the production of products that meet human needs, for example, vehicles and means of their engineering sup-port, for example, machine tools. The second group includes specialized production of their elements (assemblies, parts), for example, pumps, motors, screws, nuts, etc. The problem of specialized production management of products related to the sec-ond group is the lack of complete information about their design diversity and frequency of application. To solve the prob-lem, it is proposed to consider the products of the second group in a modular representation, which allows all their diversity to be divided into two groups: functional technological modules (FTM) that ensure the performance of a product's function-al purpose and functional service modules (FSM) that ensure (FTM) functioning. On this basis, a systematic approach ap-plicable for specialized production management for products of the second group, is given It is shown that for the implemen-tation of the proposed system approach in the specialized production management for the products of the second group, it is necessary to build a database of two types: FTM database and the FSM database.

The Impact Of Hepatitis B Infection On The Development Of Anti-Cardiolipin Antibodies In Najaf Province

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a partly double-stranded, hepatotropic, non-cytotoxic Hepadnaviridae virus. HBV is linked to many autoimmune diseases, including Rheumatoid Arthritis(RA), Cryoglobulinemia, and Antiphospholipid Syndrome(APS). Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACL) are a type of anti-phospholipid antibodies(APA) that target cardiolipin molecules. They're more common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and APS. APA may be caused by viral infections such as HBV. Aim of the study: Determination of Anticardiolipin antibody positivity among hepatitis B virus-infected patients in Najaf governorate. material, and methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 to March 2023 in Najaf, a non-random sampling was depended, the sera of 113 HBV-infected patients were collected from the main health facilities in Najaf, and all had no other possible disease that is associated with APA, then it was tested for HBS antigen, total HBc antibodies, IgM HBc antibodies, ACL antibodies by ELISA technique. SPSS version 26 was used to perform the statistical analysis processes. Results: anti-cardiolipin antibodies(ACL) prevalence was 10.6%, The type of HBV infection and ACL production were significantly correlated (p<0.05), males had a higher percentage of ACL autoantibodies and middle age patients presented with the highest rate of ACL antibodies, however, there was no statistically significant relationship between ACL and age or gender. In Conclusion: hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the main viruses that lead to the production of ACL especially in middle-aged people males, the chronic type is more prevalent for ACL than the acute type.

An Integrated Framework for Sustainable Development in Agri-Food SMEs

The primary objective of this study is the development of an integrated framework for sustainable development in agri-food Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) with a variety of production types. Dealing with the significant research problem of defining a successful record-keeping system, as this is the foundation of an integrated information framework in agri-food SMEs, this research identifies and explicates the several conceptual, methodological, organizational, and technical concerns related to the data collection, processing, and recording, as well as information generation in agri-food SMEs. Two main fields of research are distinguished: the micro-level, which is related to the monitoring of agri-food SMEs, and the macro-level, which relates to the collection, processing, and collective interpretation of different types of data. The findings show how the creation of a database for all levels of analysis, primarily business analyses, followed by an analysis of the development of the agri-food sector, as a whole and by individual regions and branches, etc., constitutes the basis for the effective operation and ongoing improvement of an integrated framework for the sustainable development of agri-food SMEs. Methodologically, this study employs the system approach, system analysis, and synthesis sequence to produce business, economic, and social findings of theoretical and practicable worth to scholars, executives, and decision makers.

Classical Crossover and Its Russian and Ukrainian Interpretations

This article aims to explore the phenomenon of “classical crossover,” a contemporary music trend that blends “high” and “low” elements. In addition to analyzing the genre’s main features and cultural preconditions for its emergence, the article will examine its historical origins and development. The second part of the article focuses on examples of classical crossover in Russian and Ukrainian music, with an analysis of several artists who have ventured into this new type of production, including the Terem Quartet, Anna Netrebko, Olga Chubareva, and Arina Domski. By applying historical and cultural methodology, the article suggests that classical crossover has a broad audience in Russia and Ukraine, allowing musicians to introduce elite classical music to the masses. Although some may view the genre as a dilution of classical music’s distinctive qualities in order to cater to popular tastes, it also provides musicians with the opportunity to create original pieces that merge tradition with innovation. Considering all of the above, the author of this article aims to explore the cultural significance and impact of classical crossover in the music industry.

Hydro-co-processing of a jatropha oil and gas oil blend with a sulfided Ni–W catalyst supported on mesostructured materials Al(x)-SBA-15 type for cleaner hybrid diesel production: Effect of the Al/Si molar ratio

Obtaining cleaner hybrid diesel fractions by hydro-co-processing vegetable oil and gas oil blends requires tailoring intrinsic properties (metal content and acidity) of a solid catalyst. Such catalyst must promote the hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), and hydrocracking (HCK) reactions. In that sense, the present research work reports the synthesis (sol–gel and hydrothermal), characterization (N2 physisorption, XRD, HR-TEM, 27Al-MAS-NMR, Pyridine-FTIR, and RAMAN spectroscopy), and catalytic evaluation (6 MPa of H2 initial pressure, 360 °C, and 4 h) for Ni–W/Al(x)-SBA-15 sulfided catalysts during the hydroprocessing of a 20 vol% of Jatropha Curcas L. oil blend with a mixed gas oil (50 vol% LGO and 50 vol% HGO). Metal content of the catalysts was fixed at 2.5 wt% of NiO and 15 wt% of WO3, meanwhile, the Al/Si (x) molar ratio was adjusted in 0.1, 0.05, 0.033, 0.025, and 0.0 to study the effect of aluminum (Al) content during hydroprocessing. Liquid products were analyzed by FTIR, 1H NMR, ESI-MS, Simulated Distillation (ASTM D2887) and ASTM D4294 for S content. The effect of Al incorporation was mainly observed in the hydrotreating reactions (HDO and HDS) rather than HCK reactions. Intermediate Al/Si molar ratios (0.05, and 0.03) promoted the highest sulfur removal of about 13.1 % compared with the 10.7 % and 5.6 % for 0.1 and 0.025 Al/Si molar ratios, respectively. In addition, the highest content of Brønsted (0.05 mmol g−1) and Lewis (1.45 mmol g−1) acid sites was observed for the Ni–W/Al(0.05)-SBA-15 catalyst. Regarding HDO activity, it was the highest (57.3 %) for Ni–W/Al(0.1)-SBA-15 catalyst, and the lowest (30.9 %) for Ni–W/Al(0.025)-SBA-15, and Ni–W/Al(0.0)-SBA.15 sulfided catalysts. Finally, by comparing HDS and HCK activities of Ni–W/Al(0.05)-SBA-15 and Ni–W/Al(0.0)-SBA-15 sulfided catalysts, it was observed that HDS decreased 7.5 % and HCK increased 2.4 % when no Al was incorporated.