Types Of Love Research Articles

THE CONCEPT OF LOVE AND THE FORMS OF ITS EMBODIMENT IN THE NOVEL BY F. M. DOSTOEVSKY “THE IDIOT”

In the article, the concept of love, embodied in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Idiot,” is considered from the point of view of three religious and philosophical types of love identified by V. S. Solovyov, namely, ascending love (amor ascendens), descending love (amor descendens) and balanced love (amor aequalis). This approach allows not only to conceptualize the forms of manifestation of love in “The Idiot” in the context of V. S. Solovyov’s thoughts, but also to identify the readers’ tradition of adequate perception of Dostoevsky's work, associated with the mental and spiritual atmosphere of the era. Seeing the meanings of the novel through the “eyes” of V. S. Solovyov allows to outline the national value code of reading. Each type of love designated by the philosopher in Dostoevsky's novel corresponds to descending love (amor descendens), embodied in parental love (Lizaveta Prokofievna and Ardalion Alexandrovich), sacrificial love (Nastasya Filippovna Barashkina) and Christian love (Lev Nikolaevich Myshkin). The manifestations of selfless children's love (Swiss children) and passionate love (Parfyon Rogozhin) became forms of embodiment of ascending love (amor ascendens). The forms of embodiment of balanced love (amor aequalis) include “brotherly” love (Epanchiny sisters: Aglaya, Adelaide, Anastasia). However, the love of God is the highest form of love in hierarchy (which includes all others), the effective power of which begins with faith: therefore, it is no coincidence that the episode with the painting by Hans Holbein the Younger “Dead Christ in the Tomb” becomes the meaning-generating theoanthropic center of “The Idiot.”

Blood-Red Relations In and Out of Place: Women’s Self-Harm and Supernatural Crime in The Moth Diaries

ABSTRACT In Canadian filmmaker Mary Harron’s The Moth Diaries (a Canadian/American/Irish co-production), exploring adolescent girls’ friendships and self-harm in a boarding school setting, blood is out of place. It drips from the protagonist’s father’s wrist artery, willingly shed in suicide; involuntarily tarnishes her nightgown as menstrual blood; falls on the school director’s china figurines as nosebleed; and pours in the school library as a vampire-invoked rain. Moth uses blood to manifest the suicide contagion that Rebecca fears she has inherited from her artist father. Blood also signifies her resistance and recovery, enabled by her difficult relationship with her schoolmates, erstwhile best friend Lucy, and vampire Ernessa. Blood functions as a material marker of transition from girls’ childhood relationships that mainstream Anglo-American films often render passive and vulnerable, and marks same-sex attractions of different types of friendship and love. It symbolizes and draws attention to harms and crimes in interpersonal violence, paternal abandonment, and self-damage. Our focus on relationships between so called “blood kin” and the idea of blood relations weaves into our discussion of female agency, woman identification, and queer affinities through Moth’s out-of-place ontologies for blood as not only conventionally abject, but also a sacralized substance and symbol.

City and Country: a Narrative Analysis of Partnership in Mediation

In recent years, short video has been popular with the public, and its content has been constantly enriched in the development process to meet the needs of different users. As an important branch of short video field, life short video has been continuously sought after by users[5]. In today’s era of advocating equality between men and women, the relationship between men and women is also the topic most discussed by people with the continuous development of society. In short life videos, one of the main scenes of the relationship between men and women is the daily relationship between partners. In order to analyze the difference of relationship between urban and rural areas, this article adopted literature research and text analysis method to explore and compare the urban and rural lifestyle between partners in a short video in the type of love, love attitude, Partner relationship and get along with atmosphere on the different way of narrative, and summarizes the media partnership narrative differences between urban and rural table to concentrated reflection. It is found that there are indeed differences between urban and rural areas in the above four aspects. In urban media, couples’ life tends to be “happy and happy binary relationship life” while in rural areas, couples’ life tends to be “harmonious and multiple relationship life” and so on. However, the story presented in the media is different from the real life, so the last part of this paper also makes a correct guide to the media partner relationship.

ROMANTIC MOTIVES IN THE HONOR DE BALZAC’S «SАRRAZIN»

Romantic tendencies in the work of Honore de Balzac are marked by an appeal to various types of art: painting, sculpture and music. The French realist is interested in the issues of the essence of art, as well as the characteristics of the artist as a person who is genius and atypical and also who needs the understanding and participation of others. In the center of the novel «Sarrazin» is the figure of genius who strives for improvement and is in search of an ideal. However, the perfect image of human beauty becomes destructive both for the protagonist’s artwork and for his life. Love for the opera singer Zambinella, who turns out to be a young man, becomes fatal for the sculptor. If at first love inspires the young artist, then later it becomes incompatible with the love of art and even the life of the hero. The issue of art reception is singled out using the example of Sarrazin’s perception of vocal performance. Painter and sculptor is especially sensitive to the perception of music. Musical art transports Sarrazin to another world and his performer is etched in the hero’s memory forever. Attention is payed to the romantic symbolism of colors present in the text. Comparisons of the presentation of the artistic world in the author’s other novels «Gambara» and «Massimilla Doni» are traced. In the novels, there are romantic motifs through the prism of the presentation of music and the image of the artist. Emphasis is placed on the differences in the positions of Sarrazin and Gambara regarding the combination of different types of love: love of art and love for a woman. In addition, the artistic markers in the novels are highlights and their context is detailed in comparison with the mention of the names of composers and artists and artists and their works in H. de Balzac’s novel «Massimilla Doni» It is concluded that the artistic integrity of Balzac’s «Sarrazin» in combination with the presentation of art in the novels «Gambara» and «Massimilla Doni» indicate the realization of romantic motives in the artistic work of the French realist and complement the contemporary vision and understanding of art and its role in the life of society in general and of an individual in particular.

Образ жінки в сучасній українській поезії (збірка Марії Маш “Сьогодні точно ні”)

The article examines the features of the image of a woman in the debut collection of Maria Mash from Lviv, «Today Definitely Not». It was found that this image does not fit into the thematic scheme: a lonely woman / a woman in love / a beloved woman. Because loneliness for the lyrical heroine is not the absence of a loved one, but the lack of understanding with him. Hence the need to find the exact word to describe feelings in order to form a common language of love. The image of a woman in M. Mash's collection is, at first glance, quite traditional (family welfare is in her hands, she rejoices in her husband's success and feels created for his happiness, and in her husband she sees her protection and partner for the «dance of life»). At the same time, this female image is individualized in the expression of emotions (for example, there are at least 14 types of love). Despite the fact that the woman in M. Mash's poetry is deeply feminine (she aspires to romance, has a chivalrous attitude towards herself, beauty and an ideal), she can only be called a romantic woman. Harmony in relationships is very important for the lyrical heroine, but no less weighty – the harmony of daily existence (so «today» is a whole life), a sense of inner balance and creative realization. Although the lyrical heroine of Maria Mash's debut collection invites her husband to dance, she does not allow him to control her thoughts and emotions. The woman from Maria Mash's poetry reveals herself to be self-sufficient, single-handedly changing the world for the better. The analysis of the image of a woman in the collection «Today Definitely Not» by Maria Mash proved the fundamental falsity of the binary opposition: «traditional/self-sufficient woman», which is common in feminist and gender studies.

PSYCHOLOGICAL SEPARATION INFLUENCE ON THE REPRESENTATIONS OF LOVE IN YOUTH

The article is devoted to the research of the psychological separation influence on the representations of love in youth. Based on the theoretical analysis, it has been summarized that representations about love in youth have the characteristics of close, intimate relationships in cooperation with a partner, which are formed under the influence of psychological conditions, such as spirituality, character accentuations, gender aspect, and personal characteristics. Love is considered as a comprehensive category that simultaneously includes actions, feelings, relationships and external attributes that are accompanied by bright feelings. It has been established that loyalty, benevolence, harmony, well-being are the main values for young people in love relationships. It has been noted that young people feel an increased need for independence and autonomy from their parents, which can be satisfied as a result of successfully completing process of the psychological separation at all levels: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. Based on this, going through the process of psychological separation can be considered as the main task of the youth age, which must be successfully solved in order to move to the next stage of adulthood and achieve psychological maturity of a personality. Results of the empirical study of the love representations have revealed an average level of “anxiety” and “avoidance” in love relationships, which indicates a probable avoidance of achieving spiritual and emotional unity with the subject of love relationships. Diagnostics of features of the strategic interaction of young people with the object of their love relationships has revealed dominant orientations towards sexual aspects of relationships with the desire to get to know another person; this characterises a high level of manifestation of eros and storge types of love. Research of the general level of psychological separation from mother and father on the scales of “functional independence”, “emotional independence”, “conflict independence” and “independence in attitudes” has proven the superiority of the average level of psychological separation from parents among respondents on all four scales. Results of the correlation analysis have made it possible to conclude that the specificity of the love representations in youth is determined by the influence of the psychological separation level.

Love is the same for everyone, or is it: концептуализация понятия «любовь» в различных предметных областях

The work is devoted to the development of the first version of the ontological model of the concept of "love" by conceptualizing the relevant subject area in five different disciplines. The development of artificial intelligence has contributed to an increase in interest in improving the operation of automatic systems by teaching them human categories, such as feelings, among which love is one of the main emotional processes due to its extensive influence on many aspects of human life. A task is set to create a knowledge base that would allow us to conceptualize the concept of ―love‖ using ontological approach. A brief review of the available studies and classifications of types of love in selected disciplines is carried out. Resulting ontologies in the form of conceptual schemes are presented for validation to experts in the relevant disciplines. An important and significant aspect in the design of the ontology of love at the initial stages is the correct representation of the main types and attributes for further design of related relationships between them. An important and significant aspect in the design of the ontology of love at the initial stages is the correct display of the main types and attributes for further design of related relationships between them. Based on the study of European culture, an ontological analysis of the concept of "love" is proposed from the standpoint of the following disciplines: biology, philosophy, psychology, sociology and art of various genres. The results obtained, taking into account their further development, can be used to create artificial intelligence applications that model the sensual and emotional sphere of human activity, in particular, love.

Impact of Distributed-Memory Parallel Processing Approach on Performance Enhancing of Multicomputer-Multicore Systems A Review

This research paper explains (love and alcohol) the incomprehensible founders in Kurdish poetry for them. This is because (Mullah Wasman) is at the center of the essence and active in the story and the story of love and affection for the beloved; That is, the soul is the basis of the subject in discovering the spirit of pride for the beloved. Due to this, it is the basic substance that guarantees love and affection in (the drinker and the descendants of the drinker and the butler) is the appearance and appearance in the areas of this research paper. This research paper includes the introduction and two chapters:  In the first chapter: The beginning of the discussion is expressed the types of love, and the mysteries that you wrote before the poem, to the side of discovering the criteria of love. This argument clarifies the central nature of the question: Is the love of the poet the love of God or the world? Thus, this research is added to the number of definitions of the concept of love and its types, because it clarifies the place of alcohol and the descendants of alcohol, and the spirit of love. The second chapter includes the beloved of the poet, and the one who says: Allah, the Messenger, and the forerunner of the way (Sheikh Othman Al-Tawilaee). At that time, it’s did not neglect the thought of halal and haram for drinking; this is subject to interpretation and explanation. This poem is about the Kurdish poems, which they did not know, and they turned around on the surface of the new situation is drawing the right worlds, and they embodied in it the details of the lyric and the lyric intentions in arithmetic and numerical way, as followed: (The lover and the beloved, the life and the beloved, the beloved and the lovers, the beloved and the drink and the wine, ...).  At the end of the research, we highlight the results of the discussion and the sources, finally the pages Summary for languages: Arabic and English language.

LGBTQ+ CONSTRUCTION ON THE #FREETOLOVE CAMPAIGN IN CLOSE UP ADVERTISEMENT

The purpose of this study was to investigate the meaning construction of the signs contained in the #FreeToLove campaign in the Close Up advertisement that constructs LGBTQ+. This study applies both Ferdinand De Saussure's theory and methodology. The analysis was deeply discussed on the #FreeToLove campaign from the advertisement shot which was considered to construct the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Others (LGBTQ+) sign through the verbal aspect in the Close Up advertisement. This campaign aims to show and fight for different types of love and mutual respect for all love on various platforms ranging from couples of different ages, social caste/class, culture/race, religion, and even same-sex relationships. In the advertisement, same-sex relationship elements are seen to be more dominant than other elements. The formation of the idea originated from the existence of a declaration legalizing LGBT that has been included in the law and given protection. The campaign's prejudice was more towards LGBTQ+ when Unilever, which is the owner of Close Up, also supported LGBTQ + and through the Close Up brand, which represented the closeness of the #FreeToLove campaign, began campaigning and producing advertisements and films. Prejudice can lead to acts of discrimination that can be detrimental. LGBTQ+ symbols have been included in advertisements to create a new culture that leads people to know about their existence. People who didn't know before can find out through a Close Up ad campaign in 274 places in the world.

Loving Wisely: Gender, Wisdom, and Ourania in Xenophon's Symposium

Xenophon’s Symposium details a dinner party including Socrates in a manner like Plato’s Symposium. Also similar to Plato’s Symposium, Xenophon’s Socrates speaks on the nature of love, and the different types of love; Ourania, heavenly, and Pandemos, common. How are gender and wisdom linked to the idea of Ourania, or heavenly love between souls, as depicted in Xenophon’s Symposium? This paper will discuss whether women are capable of Ourania, which is traditionally reserved for only men. To answer this question, this paper will first show how wisdom is inherently tied to Ourania. This is because the love of souls involves knowledge of the soul, which is wisdom, or sophia. Then, it goes on to argue that virtues, including wisdom, can be taught. Finally, women are reintroduced, and it is argued that women can be taught wisdom. Consequently, this paperconcludes that women are capable of Ourania, for their souls can be wise.

POSITIVE IMPACTS OF LOVE IN WILLIAM A. WELLMAN’S AND ROBERT CARSON’S MOVIE SCRIPT A STAR IS BORN

This study aims to determine the positive impacts of love in the movie script A Star Is Born. This study is concerned with the types of love which imply the positive impacts. This study uses Fromm’s theory of love. The types of love analyzed in this study are brotherly love, erotic love, and self-love. Next, the positive impacts of love found in this study are for health, for personal ties, and for relationship. This study uses descriptive qualitative method to explain the types of love that imply positive impact, and positive impact of love from the quotations in the script. This film tells the story of an ordinary woman with great talent who accidentally meets a male celebrity who is addicted to alcohol. The man is attracted to the woman who has a dream to conquer Hollywood. He pushes her become a star. The results of this study show that love can have a positive impact for health that triggers Jack to be released from drugs and alcohol. Besides, the self-love in this movie is presented when Jack helps Ally to be more confident and love herself; consequently, she can be a successful songwriter and singer. Jack always loves her as she is. Ally always supports his health. Both of them strengthen and heal each other.

PHILIA AS FRIENDSHIP IN NICHOLAS SPARKS’ NOVEL THE LONGEST RIDE

This study is aimed at analyzing Philia as friendship in Nicholas Sparks’ novel, The Longest Ride, published in 2013. The analysis is focused on the categories of Philia as friendship covering utility, happiness, and moral done by the major characters of the novel, namely Ira Levinson, Ruth, Luke Collins, Sophian Danko. The method used to analyze this study is a descriptive qualitative method. In this study, the researchers apply the theory of philia as friendship proposed by Aristotle. Philia is one type feeling of love in the Christian and Greek traditions based on friendly relations. Other types of love that are also in Christian theology are eros, agape and storage. The results show that the categories of Philia as friendship: utility, happiness and moral are reflected and done by the major characters. Utility is seen from Ira and Ruth with strong and healthy love relationship. Happiness is seen through Ira and Ruth who always feels happy when they see each other. Moral can be seen through the trust of Ira and Ruth who always share each and everything together.

Kak taubeka dva: o slici skladne ljubavi

This paper is aimed at scrutinizing emblematic and iconic functions of doves in love poetry. Despite the fact that love is a complex emotion both in literary and psychological sense, the main analytical emphasis will be put on the literary codification of a simple (amiable) type of love – incarnated in the symbol of dove – within various cultural layers. In addition to this, it will be argued that a dove or a pair of pigeons as literary topoi are very common in popular and oral literature as opposed to the literature with the certain authorship. The aforesaid literary image can frequently be found in Kajkavian manuscripts of love poetry which originated from the 18th and 19th centuries. Moreover, it will be demonstrated that this image is still present in a popular music of the 20th and 21st century.

KONSEP MAHABBAH JALALUDDIN RUMI

This article explores Rumi's mahabbah concept. Currently, in society, the concept of love is degrading in meaning, resulting in its constriction. This is because the concept of mahabbah, which we usually refer to as "love," is unfamiliar to the general population. In general, society equates love with liking the other sex. Spite of the fact , Rumi asserts that love is not confined to that. The notion of love will be addressed in this study via the lens of Jalaluddin Rumi, specifically the nature of love and its application in life. The findings of this study provide an outline of the type of love that people should possess: love powerful enough to cause someone to love their god.

KONSEP MAHABBAH JALALUDDIN RUMI

This article explores Rumi's mahabbah concept. Currently, in society, the concept of love is degrading in meaning, resulting in its constriction. This is because the concept of mahabbah, which we usually refer to as "love," is unfamiliar to the general population. In general, society equates love with liking the other sex. Spite of the fact , Rumi asserts that love is not confined to that. The notion of love will be addressed in this study via the lens of Jalaluddin Rumi, specifically the nature of love and its application in life. The findings of this study provide an outline of the type of love that people should possess: love powerful enough to cause someone to love their god.

Bones, fire, and falcons: Loving things in medieval Europe

In three loving encounters between humans and nonhumans, this article explores different approaches to material love in medieval Europe. Beginning with an English bishop who attempted to eat the bone relic of Saint Mary Magdalene, it first considers how a series of medieval thinkers imagined God's love as mediated primarily through the consumption of matter. Further, it shows how the medieval commercialization of relics enabled a subversive, quasi-mystical counter tradition that located loving experiences within the unmediated physicality, or thingness, of Christian artifacts themselves. Moving next to Saint Francis of Assisi (d.1226), the article explores a curious case of self-negating devotion to fire. While contextualizing the saint's love against a background of scholastic materialism and ecstatic mysticism, it explores how fire gained a unique onto-theological status as the material essence of both love and the heavens in the 1200s. Finally, turning to love for animals, the analysis explores the astonishing care shown to falcons by the Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick II (d.1250). While surveying a series of trends in medieval ways of loving creatures, the article stresses how the emperor's radical empathy for beasts allowed him temporarily to surrender his sovereignty, melding the interest of king and bird. Just like the mystical theology that underpinned much of medieval devotion, it argues, these three loving encounters were all essentially structured as self-annihilating journeys into a “oneness” with the material landscape. Considering the ongoing threads of this forgotten type of self-erasing love, these medieval encounters can have intriguing implications for debates in the environmental humanities today.

Play Time: Jacques Tati and Comedic Modernism, by Malcolm Turvey

Rather early on in The Imaginary Signifier (1982), Christian Metz takes a full paragraph to detail the type of love for cinema that a “theoretician of the cinema” should have (15). It is a complicated affair; the thinker negotiates a safe distance between herself and her cinephilia, which she must forget about, rediscover, and ultimately keep in check—as if the work of theory were not already quite the handful in and of itself. Now, I cannot say whether Turvey is a theoretician/born-again cinephile in the Metzian sense, but, while reading his latest book, Play Time: Jacques Tati and Comedic Modernism, I certainly felt his love for cinema, and in particular for that of French filmmaker extraordinaire Jacques Tati; a clear, sincere, and undoubtedly personal, love. This makes Turvey’s already famously limpid, precise, and accessible thinking and writing even more enjoyable than usual. I would in fact argue that his patent investment in the book’s subject is clearly a crucial cog in the functioning of the whole study, ensuring that every reader feels involved and present at all times, as she goes through the work’s vast and deep analytical and conceptual apparatus.

Love, relationships and couple happiness: A cross-cultural comparison among Spanish couples and Moroccan couples in Southern Spain

Love and relationships are sociocultural constructions that, in recent times, have experienced great changes in terms of type of relationship, type of love and happiness of the couple. Few studies have analysed the love relationships immigrant population in Europe. This study aims to explore the differences and similarities in love styles between Spaniards and Moroccan immigrants, the country’s largest foreign population, and analyse the relationship between these styles and level of couple happiness. This cross-sectional study disseminated a survey to young adults between the ages of 18 and 40 in southern Spain. Of those who received the survey, 574 young adults responded, of which 182 were of Moroccan origin and 392 were Spanish. The results indicated that there are sociocultural and gender differences in the types of relationships young adults maintain and in the agents that facilitate romantic socialisation. The Spaniards describe less stable relationships, more influenced by several agents, while the Moroccans demonstrated more stability in relationships, more influenced by family and religion. In accordance with Sternberg love components, different types of love were recognised. Spanish women are the group most value love in their lives, rated higher in couple happiness, and gave special importance to intimacy (but not to commitment and passion). Moroccan women followed models of love closer to Sternberg's romantic love, giving importance to commitment, intimacy and passion. Spanish men were similar to Moroccan men regarding their type of love, although they were the only ones that included commitment as a predictor of happiness. This study reveals that the importance of an intersectional approach to analyse love and couples.

Loves Me or Loves Me Not? Passing through the Forest of Love Symbols and Unveiling Its Social Nature

This article unveils how love, as a signified, can be constituted by the artificially constructed symbolic signs (“signifiers”) represented in our everyday life. Only when we regard love as a symbolic system and try to decipher its meanings can we understand how love is transmitted through sociomental patterns. This article attempts to provide examples from language, symbolic materials, the imprinted body, the code of temporality, and the spatial aspect to interpret the general elements that commonly form the forest of love symbols. Moreover, this article introduces cognitive sociology as a significant analytic approach to examining love. On the one hand, taking the “semantic square” proposed by Zerubavel, I articulate that when we want to understand the meanings of symbols, we usually have to embed them into their symbolic context. On the other hand, based on the distinction between marked and unmarked social categories proposed by Brekhus, I explain that more often than not, we can shed light on the marked love types even when we focus on love issues. Last, this article reminds us that the symbols of love are not fixed and constant but change according to the transformations of context.

Features and themes of poetry in KOPI (komunitas puisi Indonesia) facebook group

Going along with the development of technology, literary disciplines also have been developing. Cyber literature becomes popular in this digitalization era which explores the existence of the internet as the medium. One of the large cyber literary communities on Facebook is KOPI (Komunitas Puisi Indonesia) with 64 thousand members. Due to the insufficient research analyzing poetry in the Facebook group, this research analyzed the features of poetry and the themes of poetry in KOPI (Komunitas Puisi Indonesia). Descriptive and qualitative approaches were used in this research. Observation and documentation were used as the techniques in data collecting. The observation was done by reviewing the group’s situation and the documentation is done by reviewing the poetry collections that had been uploaded in this research from the beginning until the middle of February 2021. The data analysis techniques used Miles and Huberman techniques which include: (1) data reduction, (2) data serving, and (3) conclusion/verification withdrawal. The results of this research showed that the dominant poetry features were image illustration and the themes that were used by KOPI group members in writing poetry included the physical themes, moral themes, social themes, egoic themes, divine themes. Physical theme with the most widely used type of love. It can be concluded that the physical theme with the type of “love” is the choice of the theme that the author most favors.