Type Of Transposition Research Articles

Grammatical Type of Stepwise Transposition of Nominal Word Form ‘ryadom’ [near] into Subclass of Manner Adverbs

The relevance of the study is determined by the necessity of a systematic analysis of the linguistic mechanism of transposition, which produces a vast range of peripheral and hybrid formations in speech. The investigation of degrees of adverbial transposition of nouns has revealed certain regularities in the interaction of semantic and grammatical aspects within the structure of adverbialized word forms. Using the example of the word form ‘ryadom’ [near], different stages of adverbialization of instrumental case forms have been demonstrated, indicating the degree of deviation from nouns and convergence with adverbs. By employing the methodology of oppositional analysis (with a scale of transitivity) and indexing, it has been established that within the periphery of the adverbial class, there are proper grammatical (functional) adverbs that do not disrupt the semantic identity of the original lexemes and represent a distinct (adverbial) type of usage. The analysis of the syncretic structure of the peripheral adverb ‘ryadom’ [near] has shown that it exhibits 4% correspondence to the differential features of the core noun ‘ryadom’ (‘row’ in the instrumental case) and 64% correspondence to the differential features of the core adverb ‘ryadom’ [near]. These findings can be utilized in further exploration of intercategorical transposition and syncretism of linguistic units, as well as in the development of a transpositional grammar for the Russian.

Сognitive Dimension of the Word-forming Nest with Dialectal Vertices Yeden / Yeden (“єде́н / є́ден”): Logical Propositions

In this article, a current task of modern derivatolofical studies is addressed – the cognitive structuring of derived words in denumerative word formation, grouped according to word-forming semantics, considering motivational relationships through the prism of divergent-convergent properties of the content of the generative word – the vertex of the word-formation nest. The analysis was carried out on the basis of a word-forming nest with variational vertices belonging to the dialect layer of the lexicon – yeden /yeden (“еден / еден”). The specified motivational words are characterized by a polysemantic continuum, so they are characterized by differences in creative meanings both directly and indirectly deep into the word-forming nest. Such complex units of word-formation have the status of being divergent. Motivating relations in the dyad «the vertex of the word-forming nest – the denumerative» can record mental knowledge in the aspect of the linguo-cognitive approach to the analysis of linguistic phenomena: the genetic codes of the word-formation, preserved in the derivative, as well as the semantic increments present in the meaning structure of the derivatives are revealed. Analyzing the cognitive semantics within word-forming values, the elements of frame are established, the components of which are derivative units of modification and transposition types of derivation, namely: subframe, cognitive slot, verbalized slot, propositional structure, and two-component logical proposition. The prospects of the research consist in the systematіc cognitive interpretation of derivatives based on various word-formation units, which lead the formatives that belong not only to the core, but also to the periphery of the motivational base, which will make it possible to comprehensively model the semantic positions of derived words, or more broadly, the mental manifestation of the word-formation level Ukrainian language.

TRANSPOSITION IN THE UKRAINIAN-LANGUAGE REPRODUCTION OF ENGLISH TEXTS (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW DOCUMENTS

The article is devoted to consideration of the issue of transposition in the Ukrainian-language reproduction of texts in the international legal sphere. The research is conducted in two stages. During the first stage, the importance of translating international legal documents into Ukrainian is defined. The main requirement for the translation of texts in the international legal sphere is also defined, namely: to accurately convey the content of legal documents in the target language. It is found that the translation of international legal documents is an integral component of the development and improvement of the Ukrainian terminological system in the international legal sphere. It is established that Ukrainian linguists deeply study the English-language terminology of the legal sphere because of the development of the legal system in English-speaking countries. Definitions of the concepts “international law” and “international legal documents” and their categories and types are also characterized. It is clarified that international legal documents have legal force, therefore the definition of the concept of “legal documents” and their features are also defined: the definitions of legal terms are not always fixed in lexicographic sources, for the terms of the legal sphere, the division into inter-branch and intra-branch terms is unacceptable, legal terms can be used not only in a professional context, but also in everyday communication. During the second stage, the concepts of affixation and conversion are analyzed. The main components of affixation are also found out. Additionally, the definition of the concept of “transposition”, its levels (complete or morphological and incomplete or syntactic), as well as its classification, are presented. It is also found that transposition has three components: the transposed, the transpositor, and the transpose. 10 types of transposition are presented: substantivation, verbalization, adjectivization, pronominalization, prepositionalization, numeralization, adverbialization, conjunctionalization, particulation, and internalization. 10 sentences of the English-language text from the European Convention on Human Rights and their Ukrainian translation are analyzed and classified according to 7 types of transposition: substantivation, verbalization, adjectiveization, pronominalization, prepositionalization, adverbialization, and particulation. During the analysis of examples of translation by means of numeralization, conjunctionalization and internalization in the texts of the European Convention on Human Rights, no examples are found. The research material is the European Convention on Human Rights [7], [8] and the scientific work of E. Koval, 2020 [9].

BIBLICAL IMAGES-SYMBOLS IN FRANK PERETTI’S MYSTICAL THRILLERS: LINGUAL REPRESENTATION AND PRAGMATIC VALUE

The paper aims to clarify the biblical image-symbols in Frank Peretti’s mystical thrillers. The problem of the detailed analysis of the lingual representation of the biblical image-symbols and their pragmatic value is solved in the article by applying a complex of methods of linguistic poetics, cognitive linguistics, stylistics and methodological tools of discourse analysis. The paper considers the biblical images-symbols, used in American mystical thrillers written by the protestant author Frank Peretti, as biblical intertexts depicting not only biblical knowledge but also author’s intentions and beliefs in conveying the most profound ideas and principles of the literary texts. Executed in the written works by lexical means, biblical image-symbols become the heart of biblically-marked contexts, which are differentiated according to their addressee orientation into author`s and character`s biblically-marked contexts and their scope – into propositional, composite, and complex biblically-marked contexts. The lingual representation of the biblical image-symbols is differentiated according to their structure into one-component (anthroponyms, toponyms, artifact, animalistic, anthropomorphic) and multicomponent, (two-component, three-component and four-component). The type of semantic transposition in the meaning of the lingual representation and pragmatic value of the biblical image-symbols determined the distinguishing of metaphoric and metonymic linguistic classification of the biblical image-symbols. Metaphoric are classified according to their structure (onecomponent and multi-component), their stylistic characteristics (language and speech metaphoric linguistic representants of the biblical image-symbols), and their denotative meaning (anthropomorphic, naturalmorphic, zoomorphic, and phytomorphic). Metonymic are differentiated according to the kinds of the metonymic transference of meaning into four groups: metonymy of belonging, metonymy of place, metonymy of signs, and metonymy of phenomenon.

Расчет параметров мобильного механизированного комплекса, выполняющего монтаж воздушной линии, находящейся под влиянием контактной сети переменного тока

Purpose: To calculate the parameters of a mobile mechanized complex (MMC) that performs the installation of an overhead line of longitudinal power supply under the influence of an AC contact network. The asymmetry of electrical parameters in overhead lines (OL) caused by the electromagnetic influence of the contact network leads to a decrease in the quality of electricity for consumers. This contributes to a decrease in the stability of the OL. The worst option may be the ignition of a dwelling, which is powered by the specified OL. A new type of transposition solves the problem of asymmetry, which consists in twisting the wires by 60 ° each span of the supports. With this method of installation, the distance between the wires will be constantly uniform. The problem of asymmetry of electrical parameters is solved, since the mutual movement of phase wires will contribute to the same effect of the electromagnetic field on all three wires. Accordingly, the levels of induced voltages of both components — electric and magnetic — will be leveled. Methods: The analysis of existing methods of installation of OL, profile pipes for the torsion machine, the calculation of the profile for MMC, mass-dimensional characteristics, types of wires and drums for which MMC is designed was carried out. Results: In the article, the parameters of the torsion machine, which consists of movable and fixed parts, were calculated. The brands of wires for OL, drums for installation were selected and their parameters were calculated. The dependence of the loads on the frame of the torsion machine on the length of the profile pipe at the time of maximum loading was constructed. The dimensions of the profile pipe for the frame of the torsion machine and the steel grade were selected, and the simulation of the most loaded support beam of the wire drum attachment was carried out to predict loads and deflection. Practical significance: The necessity of using MMC for OL installation is shown, since only it is able to perform installation with increased symmetry of linear parameters. MMC is a twisting machine with wire drums, a manipulator for mounting wires, a device for fixing and tensioning wires, a control system and a base on which the MMC is mounted. The advantages of using automation in MMC are substantiated.

A new method for fault location in special parallel lines called “stitched lines”

Today, a special kind of parallel double-circuit line, designated "stitched lines," is employed in various transmission and sub-distribution networks in some countries, like Iran. In this type of unusual line, two circuits are connected at the beginning and end of the route and enter the high-voltage substations by a single line. Since on these lines there is no access to the current of each circuit separately, their protection, especially fault location, has faced a major challenge. Therefore, this article establishes a new method based on symmetrical components (positive sequence) to determine the location of the faults in the stitched lines. To scrutinize the performance of the proposed approach, comprehensive simulations have been run in the PSCAD/EMTDC software under a variety of different situations. The suggested method's accuracy has been established for a variety of fault locations and resistances. It has also been determined how the suggested approach performs when subjected to noise, current transformer saturation, arcing faults, transposition type, source impedance variation, and load changes. The obtained results show that the proposed approach is accurate under different scenarios, making it an excellent choice for practical applications.

Simulation of Electromagnetic Field of Stator Winding Bars with Different Types of Strands Transposition

Simulation of Electromagnetic Field of Stator Winding Bars with Different Types of Strands Transposition

Phonotactic transposition in light of the modern linguistic lesson (Central Sudanese dialect as a model)

This study aims to trace the phenomenon of phonotactic transposition in the dialect of Central Sudan in light of the modern linguistic lesson. The rules this dialect has followed were explored by identifying the letters affected by transposition and the reasons behind it. The relationship of this transposition to that in classic Arabic dialect was considered in order to document the phonemic phenomena therein and to identify their origins and link them to the mother tongue from which they emanate. The researchers have collected vocabularies in which transposition took place from the dialect spoken in Central Sudan to describe and analyze them to specify the type of transposition used. The research used the descriptive historical analytical method to serve its purposes. This study will contribute to providing an approximate view for those interested in oriental linguistic studies and developing educational curricula that overcome obstacles arising from the existence of such a phenomenon and the lexical confusion that may result from it.

Distribuição das transposições ortográficas na escrita de crianças brasileiras

Considering that unconventional writing is an important and necessary part of the acquisition of the Brazilian Portuguese (BP) orthographic system, we seek: (1) to describe the distribution of a type of error present in this acquisition, the orthographic transpositions, that is, the displacements of graphemes from their conventional position in the syllable to other positions in the word; and (2) to observe to what extent aspects of the syllable such as its (simple or complex) structure and its (stressed or unstressed) position in the word would be present at the point of displacement of these transpositions. For this purpose, we analyzed 63 compositions by Brazilian children who presented some type of orthographic transposition. We separated the records of transposition as they occurred in the form of swaps (those between two graphemes inside the word), intersyllabic transpositions (those of a grapheme mobilizing two syllables of the word) and intrasyllabic transpositions (those of a grapheme within the same syllable). Subsequently, we observed whether the transpositions came from syllables with simple or complex structures and located in a stressed or in an unstressed position of the word. In relation to the distribution, the results showed: greater occurrence of intrasyllabic transpositions, followed by swaps and, lastly, intersyllabic transpositions. Regarding the syllabic structure, we found: greater occurrence of transpositions coming from complex syllables and lower occurrence coming from the simple ones. Finally, in relation to the stress, the analysis presented: greater occurrence of transpositions coming from unstressed syllables and lower occurrence coming from the stressed ones. The results indicated that the unconventional disposition of graphemes in the analyzed writing production does not occur randomly, and, in order to explain this type of disposition, it is important to observe phonetic/phonological features which are not only the ones involved in the phoneme/grapheme relationship.

TRANSPOSITION AND MODULATION OCCURRED IN THE TRANSLATION OF MEITANTEI CONAN MANGA VOLUME 61

The aim of this study is to determine the type of transposition and modulation that occurred in the manga: Meitantei Conan, and translation process of the occurred transposition and modulation. This study uses a transposition classification based on the theory of Catford, modulation based on the theory of Vinay and Dabelnet, and translation process based on the theory Nida and Taber. This study uses “Simak” method for collecting the data and Padan Translational method for analysis the data. Based on the analysis result, there are 44 data of sentences which transposition and modulation occurred. There are 32 data of transpositions and 13 data of modulations. Also, there are 5 data which transposition and modulation occurred on the same sentences. The most of transpositions data goes to unit shift category, and the most of modulations data goes to reversal of terms category. These happened because there are many words and terms that can not be directly translated to “Bahasa” because of cultural differences.

Issues in the Utilization of Transposition: A Case Study of The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History

The current study aims to explore the types of transposition techniques used by Arab translators when translating The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History by Michael H. Hart (1978) into Arabic. The study seeks to address the following questions: a) what are the types of transposition/class shift used by Arab translators to translate the ST into Arabic; b) what are the factors that govern the translators’ utilization of transposition; and c) to what extent do the Arabic translations differ from the ST. The research draws on Vinay and Darbelnet (1995), Newmark (1988), and Catford 1965/2000. A qualitative approach was followed in this study. The qualitative approach involved identifying each instance of transposition, using a comparative model which is commonly used in translation studies to study shifts. The findings of the study revealed that the Arab translators used four types of transposition: noun to verb, adjective to verb, verb to noun, and adjective to noun. A possible explanation for the utilization of these techniques might be that the Arab translators had some stylistic preferences, which were evident in their different treatment of the linguistic elements in the source text. In addition, the translators worked within some linguistic constraints, which forced them to use various interventional strategies in order to bridge the linguistic gap between English and Arabic. The results of the study should add to previous research on transposition techniques and the factors that may affect their utilization in different contexts. Further research in this area is needed for more understanding of how transposition techniques may bridge the linguistic gap between the ST and TT.

En el patio aprendemos ciencia del estanque en el patio del liceo, al laboratorio

This work is part of a project carried out with fifthyear students (Biological Diversification) of the high school nro. 13 “Ituzaingó”, of the CES. The management team authorizes the project and the participation of the parents of the students involved. The challenge was for the students to beresponsible for the work and to strengthen their self-confidence, improving their self-esteem. Selfmanagement also sought to develop skills such asthe ability to apply and understand the concepts worked in the classroom. During the development of the activity, they carried out various tasks for theconstruction of the pond. One of them was choosing the space to build it, getting the materials and tools necessary for construction. In another instance of work; They had to relate the construction of the pond and its operation with the unit “Biodiversity as a wealth to be conserved” (Wetlands), of the Second Year Program of Biological Diversification. Finally, they had to plan a class thinking about the target population, first-year basic cycle students, to assess their learning achievements, hierarchical capacity teacher was to be a guide and guide in the design of the object of study (pond) and provided the conceptual content necessary to advance in the project. As a result, the pond was built and could be used, relatingit to the contents of the school year program. It focused on a group of organisms: Diatoms, of which it was observed by light microscope, a representative community of this type of aquatic ecosystem and didactic transposition. The role of the biology’s teacher was to be a guide and guide in the design of the object of study (pond) and provided the conceptualcontent necessary to advance in the project. As a result, the pond was built and could be used, relating it to the contents of the school year program. It focused on a group of organisms: Diatoms, of which it was observed by light microscope, a representative community of this type of aquatic ecosystem

Single-center experience with routine clinical use of 3D technologies in surgical planning for pediatric patients with complex congenital heart disease.

This study was planned to assess the application of three-dimensional (3D) cardiac modeling in preoperative evaluation for complex congenital heart surgeries. From July 2015 to September 2019, 18 children diagnosed with complex congenital heart diseases (CHDs) were enrolled in this study (double outlet right ventricle in nine patients, complex types of transposition of the great arteries in six patients, congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries in two patients, and univentricular heart in one patient). The patients' age ranged from 7 months to 19 years (median age, 14 months). Before the operation, 3D patient-specific cardiac models were created based on computed tomography (CT) data. Using each patient's data, a virtual computer model (3D mesh) and stereolithographic (SLA) file that would be printed as a 3D model were generated. These 3D cardiac models were used to gather additional data about cardiac anatomy for presurgical decision-making. All 18 patients successfully underwent surgeries, and there were no mortalities. The 3D patient-specific cardiac models led to a change from the initial surgical plans in 6 of 18 cases (33%), and biventricular repair was considered feasible. Moreover, the models helped to modify the planned biventricular repair in five cases, for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction removal and ventricular septal defect enlargement. 3D cardiac models enable pediatric cardiologists to better understand the spatial relationships between the ventricular septal defect and great vessels, and they help surgeons identify risk structures more clearly for detailed planning of surgery. There was a strong correlation between the models of the patients and the anatomy encountered during the operation. 3D cardiac models accurately reveal the patient's anatomy in detail and are therefore beneficial for planning surgery in patients with complex intracardiac anatomy.

Capabilities of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography of the great vessels in children with transposition of the great vessels

Aim. To demonstrate the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance (MR) angiography in the complex examination of patients with various types of transposition of great arteries (TGA) at the pre- and postoperative stages.Material and Methods. A total of 38 MRI studies of the heart and blood vessels were performed in 33 patients with various forms of transposition of great vessels.Results. The main purpose of MRI was to identify postoperative complications after arterial switch operation for simple TGA. Cicatricial changes in the wall of the left ventricle were revealed in two patients, which was the basis for coronary angiography. Coronary angiography revealed no significant coronary artery stenosis requiring surgical intervention. The aortic root was dilated to an average of + 2.85 Z-score in six patients after arterial switch operation, which required further dynamic observation. Stenosis of the branches of the pulmonary artery due to the use of the Lecompte maneuver was revealed in one patient. Heart catheterization was performed according to the results of MRI. Invasive pressure measurement revealed neither significant stenosis nor indications for surgical treatment. MRI data were used as one of the criteria for anatomical correction readiness in group of patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great vessels, along with data of echocardiography and heart catheterization.Conclusion. MRI and MR angiography are the “gold standard” in the pre- and postoperative examination of patients with various forms of TGA . Using MR angiography, it is possible to carry out morphometry and clarify the spatial arrangement of vessels including that after correction of TGA. In most cases, MRI allows to correctly differentiate the morphology of the heart chambers and their relative position. It also allows to perform volumetry and to assess the parameters of local and global contractile function of the ventricles, which is essential for preoperative assessment and dynamic observation at all stages of correction.

Two-phase orthodontic treatment of two different types of tooth transposition in the same patient.

Orthodontic treatment is thoroughly planned considering the patient's facial and dental characteristics, the main complaint, treatment time and the orthodontist's experience. Transposition is a form of ectopia, in which two adjacent teeth exchange positions in the dental arch. Transposition can be partial or complete. This article reports the treatment of a female patient with two kinds of tooth transposition managed in the mixed and permanent dentitions. A girl, aged eight years and three months, came to routine paediatric consultation with an ectopic permanent mandibular left lateral incisor in the mixed dentition. Radiographic analysis indicated partial transposition of the permanent mandibular left lateral incisor and canine (Md.L2.C), and development of a complete tooth transposition between the permanent maxillary right first pre-molar and canine (Mx.C.P1). The patient was treated in two phases. The first, in the mixed dentition, and the second, in the permanent dentition with a three-year follow-up between them. These challenging treatment approaches are described in detail, including the mechanics used. The key points of this treatment were early diagnosis of the ectopic mandibular lateral incisor, use of light forces and interphase patient follow-up. These determined the best time to start the second treatment phase, enabling achievement of aesthetic and functional outcomes, and the results remained stable one year after the end of orthodontic treatment.

The Cognitive Bases of Conversion in Modern English

As known, the end of the 20th - the beginning of the 21st centuries in linguistics is characterized by language learning and studying the language processes from the perspective of anthropocentric paradigm. Moreover, at the age of globalization and innovative technologies, it was the English language that became the working language throughout the world which could not but affect its system. With spread of internet in virtual communication people tend to use the tools to save language. Despite the fact that in the scientific literature there is a great deal of works devoted to the study of different aspects of conversion, there is not a single study in which conversion would be considered as a mechanism of the principle of language saving. The relevance of our study is also explained by the fact that, unlike our predecessors, we consider conversion not as a word-building tool or one of the types of transposition, but as a universal language tool that needs a more detailed and complete description in the language. It is conditioned with the need to consider the factors of cognitive nature that determine the appearance and choice of particular conversion, both as reflection of the needs of the language itself and the communicative tasks of the speaker.

Transposition Effects in an Aksharic Writing System: The Case of Hindi.

We tested for transposition effects (TEs) in Hindi (a Modern Indo-Aryan language) using unprimed lexical decision. TEs are defined as less accurate and slower responses to transposed-nonwords (e.g., ‹psate›, formed from base-word ‹paste›) than corresponding replaced-nonwords (e.g., ‹pzute›). In Hindi's orthography, letters map transparently to phonemes (except schwa), but the letters are arranged into "akshars," (‹[Cn]V›) which encode open syllables. This formal characteristic makes Hindi's orthography typologically "aksharic." We used TEs to determine whether the orthography's typological units, letters and akshars, are also functional units for readers. We conducted three visual word recognition experiments with adult readers whose native language was Hindi. In Experiment 1, we found TEs for consonant (‹C›) and matra (‹M›, a vowel diacritic) letters, using different stimulus sets for each type of transposition. In the next two experiments, we used the same base words to form all of the transposed and replaced items. In Experiment 2, we replicated the findings of Experiment 1 in a different stimulus set; additionally, we found TEs for transpositions between a ‹C› letter and a ‹CM› akshar. In Experiment 3, we replicated results of the first two experiments by finding TEs for both consonants and matras in another stimulus set; additionally, we found similar TEs for ‹CM› akshars. These results show that ‹C› and ‹M› letters are functional units for Hindi readers; the transposition results for ‹CM› akshars are tentative. TEs for letters show that the aksharic grouping of letters does not prevent readers from decoding the constituent letters of akshars. Hindi is read alphabetically.

Tolerability and Effect of Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitors in Adult Congenital Patients with Systemic Right Ventricle

Introduction Adult Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD) patients have an increased mortality and morbidity from heart failure. Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors (ARNI) have emerged as a standard of therapy for adults with heart failure. However, the effects of these medicines have not been studied in ACHD patients. Hypothesis ARNI's are well tolerated and have beneficial cardiovascular effects in ACHD patients. Method Twenty-one ACHD patients with systemic right ventricle were prescribed ARNI at our institution. Demographics, vital signs, laboratory results, functional status, imaging data, and outcomes were collected by retrospective electronic review. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t test. Results Twenty-one patients with systemic right ventricle were treated with ARNI: 16 D-Transposition of great arteries (TGA) with atrial switch, 1 congenitally corrected TGA, and 1 Taussig Bing transposition type and atrial switch. Fifteen (71.4%) were male, mean age 39.8±6.5 years. Baseline RVEF was 33.4+/-8.6%. Baseline peak VO2 was 18.1+/-4.3 mL/min/kg. By functional status, 10 were in NYHA class II (50%), 7 in class III (35%), and 2 in class IV (one unknown). Median follow-up was 14.1 (9.4-27.8) months. All patients tolerated Entresto for at least six months. High dose Entresto was achieved in 4 (19%) patients, 3 (14.3%) were on moderate dose, and 14 (66.7%) were on low dose. Only 2 (9.5%) patients discontinued Entresto after 9 and 11 months due to hypotension. There was no significant change in creatinine (0.8±0.4 mg/dL versus 1.0±0.3 mg/dL, p=NS), no incidence of hyperkalemia, angioedema, or major side effect including death. Systolic blood pressure was 118.2+/-14.2 mmHg at baseline and decreased with ARNI use (112.4+/-16.4 mmHg at 0-3 months, 112.4+/-12.8mmHg at 3-6 months and 108.5+/-10.3mmHg at 6-12 months, p values by paired t test 0.02, NS, and NS respectively). Corresponding values for diastolic blood pressure were 74.5+/-9.6mmHg (baseline), 72.4+/-14.3mmHg, 62.8+/-10.1 and 70.45+/-10.9mmHg (p values by paired t test NS, 0.009, and NS respectively). Mean NYHA class improved from 2.65+/-0.74 to 2.21+/-0.71 (p=0.008 by paired t-test). 5/12 (42%) of patients had an improvement in peak oxygen consumption on cardiopulmonary stress test, though this was not statistically significant. (16.8+/-4.8 mL/kg/min versus baseline 18.1+/-4.3 mL/min/kg, p=NS). Conclusion ARNI's are safe and well tolerated in ACHD patients. It is associated with mild decrease in blood pressure and improvement in functional class. The study findings are promising and highlight the need for larger, prospective, multicenter studies.

Indexation of modalation levels of finite verbs in peripheral zone of introductory-modal units

The object of this research is the linguistic mechanism of modalation in Russian language that produces lexical-semantic expressions of subjective modality of expression, and more extensively – of the text. Modalation is understood as a special type of functional and functional-semantic transposition of linguistic units from different parts of speech and inter-part-of-speech semantic-syntactic classification of introductory-modal words and expressions. The subject of this research is the levels of correspondence of differential signs of linguistic unit (verb), explicating in typical context a certain level of separation from the initial class (A) and convergence with the derivative class (B), deferential signs of prototypical (nuclear) representatives of class A and class B. Methodological framework contains the research of Russian and foreign author on the theory of parts of speech and syncretism in grammatical structure of a language. For determination of gradual form of modalation of the finite forms of verbs, the study applies oppositional method that allows describing on the scale of transitivity the different stages of their functional and functional-semantic transposition into the introductory-modal units. The index number calculation of correspondence of modalates to prototypical (nuclear) verbs and introductory-modal words and expressions is conducted using the indexing method. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that this work is firs to carry out indexing of correspondence of the peripheral deverbative modalates (“it is said”) to prototypical finite verbs (“are saying”) and prototypical devebative introductory-modal units (“perhaps”). As a result, it is established that in periphery zone of introductory-modal words and expressions, the modalate “it is said” shows 72% congruence (similarities and differences) with nuclear finite verbs (“are saying”) and 54% to nuclear deverbative introductory-modal words (“it seems”, “perhaps”).

ҲОЗИРГИ ХИТОЙ ТИЛИ СИФАТЛАРДА КОНВЕРСИЯ ҲОДИСАСИ

This article is devoted to the paradigm of the formation of lexical units with the help of conversion, the basis of which are words related to adjectives in modern Chinese. Conversion in linguistics is a type of transposition. If the transposition is associated with a change in the lexical-morphological environment and, as a result, the paradigm of the inflection, previously not inherent in the lexical unit, arises, and other syntactic signs also appear, then this kind of transposition is usually called morphological transposition, that is, often referred to as conversion.