Type Of Sports Activity Research Articles

Investigation Of the Relationship Between Pre-Service Teachers' Psychological Capital Levels and Emotional Communication Skills

The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between the psychological capital levels and emotional communication skills of prospective teachers in terms of sports activities and various variables. In line with this purpose, the study was conducted with the participation of students (312 teacher candidates) from Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education at Atatürk University, based on ethical approval and voluntary participation principles. The data collection instruments included a personal information form prepared by the researchers, a psychological capital scale, and a communication skills scale, all gathered through a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. As a result of the statistical analyses, it was found that there were differences in the participants' engagement in sports activities and types of sports activities in the sub-dimensions of the psychological capital scale. However, no significant relationship was found between the sub-dimensions of the psychological capital scale and the sub-dimension of the communication skills scale.

Regular Physical Activity in the Prevention of Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus in Patients after Kidney Transplantation.

Background and Objectives: Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a significant risk factor for the survival of graft recipients and occurs in 10-30% of patients after kidney transplant (KT). PTDM is associated with premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Weight gain, obesity, and dyslipidemia are strong predictors of PTDM, and by modifying them with an active lifestyle it is possible to reduce the incidence of PTDM and affect the long-term survival of patients and grafts. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of regular physical activity on the development of PTDM and its risk factors in patients after KT. Materials and Methods: Participants in the study had to achieve at least 150 min of moderate-intensity physical exertion per week. The study group (n = 22) performed aerobic or combined (aerobic + strength) types of sports activities. Monitoring was provided by the sports tracker (Xiaomi Mi Band 4 compatible with the Mi Fit mobile application). The control group consisted of 22 stable patients after KT. Each patient underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) at the end of the follow-up. The patients in both groups have the same immunosuppressive protocol. The total duration of the study was 6 months. Results: The patients in the study group had significantly more normal oGTT results at 6 months compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). In the control group, there were significantly more patients diagnosed with PTDM (p = 0.0212) and with pre-diabetic conditions (impaired plasma glucose and impaired glucose tolerance) at 6 months (p = 0.0078). Conclusions: Regular physical activity after KT provides significant prevention against the development of pre-diabetic conditions and PTDM.

Asymmetry in Body Composition Variables of Youth Athletes

Assessing bilateral differences in paired anthropometric features is an important methodological problem in sports anthropology. The present study included 128 adolescent female athletes (59 rhythmic gymnasts, 58 tennis players, and 11 swimmers). Body composition components were determined using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance measurements (analyzer InBody 170). Asymmetry coefficients of muscle and fat mass accumulation in the upper (AA) and lower (AL) limbs were calculated using the Nacheva` equation (1986). The percentiles method was applied to distribute the bilaterally studied anthropometric features according to the mean values of the units of asymmetry (UA). Wilkoxon-test was used to assess the statistically significant differences in paired variables. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to determine the differences in UA between three assessed athlete groups, depending on their age. The differences in body composition components between rhythmic gymnasts (RG), tennis players (TP), and swimmers (SW) were well expressed in all assessed age groups. The most considerable inter-group differences were observed in terms of the asymmetry coefficient in the lean body mass (LBM) with a right direction and body fat mass with a left direction for upper limb fat mass (%, kg), which have signed the highest values in the tennis players group, followed by the RG on the same age. Swimmers had significantly the lowest values of UA for all body segments. A close relation was found between asymmetry in body composition variables and the type of sports activity. Tennis was found as a sport with more pronounced inter-limbs asymmetry.

Clinical and radiological outcome following arthroscopic Latarjet with cerclage FiberTape fixation with a minimum 1-year follow-up

The rates of implant-related complications are significant following the Latarjet procedure using metal screws in patients with recurrent shoulder dislocation and bone loss. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the short-term outcome following the arthroscopic Latarjet procedure using cerclage FiberTape (Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA) combined with remplissage and capsulolabral repair. It was hypothesized that performing the procedure with cerclage FiberTape would provide sturdy fixation, comparable to the conventional method of using metal screws, while averting hardware-related complications attributed to the latter in published literature. A prospective study was performed in a single institution between 2020 and 2022, with all surgeries performed by a single fellowship-trained shoulder surgeon who has ample experience in performing arthroscopic screw Latarjet procedures. Patient demographics, number of dislocations before surgery, arm dominance, ligamentous laxity, type of sporting activity, Instability Severity Index Score, and percentage of bone loss on the glenoid and humeral sides were recorded. The patients were followed up with visual analog scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Rowe score, and Walch-Duplay score preoperatively and postoperatively. The coracoid graft position, healing, and remodeling were assessed with computed tomography scans at 3 months postoperatively. Minimum clinical follow-up was for a period of one year. Overall, 10 patients (all males, average age 28±8.8 years) were operated on with an arthroscopic Latarjet procedure using cerclage FiberTape. The minimum follow-up period was 12 months, and the mean follow-up was 13.2 months. The median and individual visual analog scores during arm motion, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores, Rowe scores, and Walch-Duplay scores improved in the follow-up period. Computed tomography scans at 3 months showed flushed graft position in 5 patients, medial graft position in two patients, and three patients showed graft nonunion with migration. Out of 10 patients, seven had good graft union in follow-up scans. None of the patients required revision surgery. All three patients with graft nonunion were kept under follow-up beyond the study period for recurrence of instability. Our study demonstrated that arthroscopic Latarjet using cerclage FiberTape fixation combined with remplissage and capsulolabral repair resulted in high rate of graft loosening and migration (30%). Nonetheless, patients in whom the coracoid graft had united, as well as those in whom it had not, all had good to excellent functional and clinical outcomes, no complications, and did not require any revision surgery.

Ultrasound assessment of the spring ligament and posterior tibial tendon in healthy subjects: A descriptive study

BackgroundThe main aim of this study was to ultrasonographically analyse the thickness and the relationship between the Superomedial Bundle of the Spring Ligament and the Posterior Tibial Tendon in healthy subjects and its relationship with different epidemiological variables. MethodsFifty-five healthy feet with a mean of 47 years old measuring the same ultrasound model and researcher. Demographic variables (age, sex, laterality, BMI, type of sports activity performed, and type of work activity) were collected from all participants. The thickness of the PTT and the Spring Ligament was measured in both longitudinal and transverse diameters. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was also analysed to assess the agreement of the measurements between a researcher and the ultrasound specialist radiologist. ResultsThe mean thickness of the Spring ligament was 5.07 mm (95 % CI 4.75–5.38), while that of the PTT in its long axis was 3.58 mm (95 % CI 3.37–3.79). Regarding the interobserver agreement analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient for measurements between observers was 0.91 (CI95 %: 0.698–0.977) which denotes a high degree of similarity between the clinician and the radiologist. ConclusionThis study describes the relationships between the thickness of the posterior tibial tendon and the superomedial Bundle of the Spring ligament in healthy subjects, as well as their variability according to certain epidemiological variables such as age, gender, occupation, and sport. On the other hand, the measurements taken by a researcher high agreement with those taken by a radiologist specialized in ultrasound.

Cardiovascular screening of elderly athletes.

The permanently growing interest in amateur and professional sports activities among young, middle-aged and elderly athletes raises serious concerns about athletes' health, the safety of physical training, and the sports-related risk of sudden cardiac death and other cardiovascular complications during exercise. In recent years there has been an increasing number of cases of sudden cardiac death during physical effort. At present, life expectancy in the most developed countries grows rapidly and the number of people >65 years dramatically increases. Moreover, biological age of the population is lower. Subsequently, relevant increase in the number of elderly athletes involved in various types of sports activities has been reported in many countries. It was also demonstrated that physical activity has strong beneficial effect on cognitive functions, psychomotor performance and thus exercise capacity, which is very important for the elderly people in their everyday routine activities. Nonetheless, it should be remembered that participation in amateur and professional sports activities may be associated with risk of serious cardiovascular events in the elderly athletes often suffering from various civilization diseases. It is also reported that the number of elderly people after interventional cardiology procedures, open heart surgery and cancer treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy), who wish to participate in various sports activities, systematically grows. The authors of the paper conduct a literature review on cardiovascular risk assessment in the elderly athletes including the contemporary cardiology diagnostic methods and diagnostic schemes to prevent sudden cardiac death and other cardiovascular events during exercise. The controversies over efficacy of particular diagnostic tools to detect cardiovascular diseases in the elderly athletes and worldwide epidemiologic data concerning risk of sudden cardiac death during physical exercise have been also presented. Here, the authors have derived suggestions for establishment of comprehensive diagnostic schemes to prevent sudden cardiac death during sports activities. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2024;75(3):233-241.

Return to Sports and Clinical Results After All-Arthroscopic Biceps Tenodesis Using a 2.7-mm Knotless PEEK Suture Anchor.

The long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) is a well-known source of pain in the shoulder, especially in active patients. To evaluate the outcomes and return-to-sports rate after all-arthroscopic suprapectoral tenodesis of the LHBT using a small knotless anchor. Case series; Level of evidence, 4. In this retrospective study, 27 patients-who underwent all-arthroscopic tenodesis of the LHBT using a 2.7-mm knotless polyether ether ketone anchor-were evaluated. Sports activities, the return-to-sports rate, and other sports-related parameters (eg, pain during sports, level of sports) were examined. Sports-related data, the Constant score with isometric force (at 90° of abduction in the scapular plane), the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the Simple Shoulder Test (SST) score, the visual analog scale (VAS) score for satisfaction, range of motion, and the presence of a Popeye deformity were assessed at a mean follow-up of 15.3 ± 8.7 months. The data were initially analyzed using descriptive statistics. The postoperative ASES, Constant, and SST scores were 81.61, 85.74 and 8.85, respectively. Of the 27 patients, 4 patients (14.8%) showed a Popeye deformity. Preoperatively, 25 patients (92.6%) participated regularly in some type of sports activity. All 25 patients (100.0%) were able to return to sports activities after surgery. 24 (96.0%) returned to the same level preoperatively, with 88.0% (22/25) within 6 months. Patient satisfaction with the outcome was high (VAS score: 2.15 ± 2.78). Neither bicipital groove pain nor cramping was reported. There were no signs of osteolytic bone around the anchor or a fracture of the humeral bone. Our clinical results after using a 2.7-mm knotless anchor for LHBT tenodesis as well as the return-to-sports rate were satisfying. Using an anchor this size can lower the risk of cortical bone damage and therefore the risk of fractures of the humeral head while still enabling patients to perform at a high level.

Features of mental states in representatives of different types of sports

The article analyzes the problem of finding psychological properties that determine high sports results in various types of sports activities, far from unequivocal conclusions. The analysis of literary data and the results of one's own research provide grounds for asserting that the endogenous factors of influence on mental states are the properties of nervous processes and temperament, and the exogenous factors of influence can be, in the case of a transactional process, the process of the subject's interaction with the environment. In the structure of the transactional process of a stressful episode, several elements can be distinguished: awareness of the stressor and its assessment; disruption of homeostasis, stress-related emotions and cognitive processes; coping reaction; the result of coping and a new assessment of the situation; personal factors. The analysis of the results of the own research of groups of athletes from various sports provides a basis for asserting that statistically significant differences in indicators of the state of mental tension, as well as reactive and personal anxiety, were not found in athletes - relievers. Research into the study of psychological mechanisms that determine the performance of top-level athletes and their evaluation criteria is considered promising in the future.

Sports activity (SA) recognition based on error correcting output codes (ECOC) and convolutional neural network (CNN)

The increasing use of motion sensors is causing major changes in the process of monitoring people's activities. One of the main applications of these sensors is the detection of sports activities, for example, they can be used to monitor the condition of athletes or analyze the quality of sports training. Although the existing sensor-based activity recognition systems can recognize basic activities such as: walking, running, or sitting; they don't perform well in recognizing different types of sports activities. This article introduces a new model based on machine learning (ML) techniques to more accurately distinguish between sports and everyday activities. In the proposed method, the necessary data to detect the type of activity is collected through his two sensors: an accelerometer and a gyroscope attached to a person's foot. For this purpose, the input signals are first preprocessed and then short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is used to describe the characteristics of each signal. In the next step, each STFT matrix is used as input to a convolutional neural network (CNN). This CNN describes various motion characteristics of the sensor in the form of vectors. Finally, a classification model based on error correction output code (ECOC) is used to classify the extracted features and detect the type of SA. The performance of the proposed AS recognition method is evaluated using the DSADS database and the results are compared with previous methods. Based on the results, the proposed method can recognize sports activities with an accuracy of 99.71. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed method based on precision and recall criteria are 99.72 and 99.71, respectively, which are better than the compared methods.

Hybrid optimized multimodal spatiotemporal feature fusion for vision-based sports activity recognition

Vision-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is a challenging research task in sports. This paper aims to track the player’s movements and recognize the different types of sports activities in videos. The proposed work aims in developing Hybrid Optimized Multimodal SpatioTemporal Feature Fusion (HOM-STFF) model using skeletal information for vision-based sports activity recognition. The proposed HOM-STFF model presents a deep multimodal feature fusion approach that combines the features that are generated from the multichannel-1DCNN and 2D-CNN network model using a concatenative feature fusion process. The fused features are fed into the 2-GRU model that generates temporal features for activity recognition. Nature-inspired Bald Eagle Search Optimizer (BESO) is applied to optimize the network weights during training. Finally, performance of the classification model is evaluated and compared for identifying different activities in sports videos. Experimentation was carried out with the three vision-based sports datasets namely, Sports Videos in the Wild (SVW), UCF50 sports action and Self-build dataset, which achieved accuracy rate of 0.9813, 0.9506 and 0.9733, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed HOM-STFF model outperforms the other state-of-the-art methods in terms of activity detection capability.

Personalized Sports Health Recommendation System Assisted by Q-Learning Algorithm

In response to the current problem of single sports plan and lack of long-term motivation in recommendation systems, a more intelligent personalized sports health recommendation system was designed by introducing Q-Learning (Quality Learning) algorithm. Firstly, user sports health data was collected, and the user model was constructed to track user sport preferences and historical behavior. Secondly, the sports environment was defined, including different types of sports activities, venues, and weather. Then, the reward function was formulated to reward and punish users based on their sports activities and goals, in order to maximize long-term health benefits. Finally, the Q-Learning algorithm was implemented to continuously iteratively learn and optimize user recommendation models to provide the best personalized sports recommendations. For personalized accuracy, indicators such as precision, recall, F1 value, MAE (Mean Absolute Error), and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) were used to evaluate, while the system’s participation in sports, user satisfaction, long-term incentive effects, and overall health improvement were collected. The results showed that the average precision of the recommendation system on 10 different datasets was 88%, and the average AUC (Area Under Curve) was 96%, which was 6.7% higher than the SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) algorithm. The user’s sports persistence rate was improved by 25%, and the health score was improved by about 13.3%. These data not only reflect the superior performance of the recommendation system but also highlight its positive impact on long-term user motivation and overall health levels. The results indicate that the proposed personalized exercise health recommendation system, assisted by the Q-Learning algorithm, has significantly improved accuracy. Moreover, it offers users more intelligent and personalized exercise suggestions, effectively increasing long-term participation in physical activities and overall health levels.

Влияние генов ADRB2 и PPARGC1A на развитие физического качества «выносливость» у единоборцев города Перми

Knowledge of genetic predisposition to certain types of sport activities will help improve the development of important physical qualities, and will also allow of scientifically based selection of the most promising athletes and adjustment of their training process. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between polymorphic variants of the ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2) and PPARGC1A (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha) genes associated with endurance in athletes involved in jiu-jitsu and freestyle wrestling and schoolchildren not involved in sports. The sample for the investigation included 100 people, divided into Group I, which included martial artists, and a comparison group (Group II), which consisted of schoolchildren who did not participate sports. Studies were conducted using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in subjects aged 10 to 16 years, and polymorphisms G/A of the PPARGC1A gene (rs8192678) and A/G of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713) were identified. An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and the comparison group was carried out. Significant differences were established between Group I and Group II for genotype G/G (Fop 3.13&gt;1.96 at p=0.05) and genotype G/A (Fop 2.76&gt;1.96 at p=0.05) of the PPARGC1A gene. For athletes involved in jiu-jitsu and freestyle wrestling, it has been shown that genotypes G/G and G/A of the PPARGC1A gene can be used as markers to predict the formation of the physical quality endurance. The frequency of the total genetic score (TGS) calculated for the physical quality endurance based on the polymorphism of the ADRB2 and PPARGC1A genes in 100 subjects, varied from 0 to 100. Genetic analysis data is necessary in the process of training martial artists in sports schools: based on this data, it is possible to create individual training programs taking into account the genotype and physical fitness characteristics of a particular athlete.

Atraumatic Sport-Related Medial Sesamoid Pain: Conservative Treatment Outcome and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of conservative treatment in selected patients with atraumatic medial sesamoid pain (MSP) that developed during sports activities. The secondary aim was to determine the detailed underlying pathology in patients who did not respond to conservative treatment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). From March 2015 to August 2022, we prospectively followed 27 patients who presented to our outpatient clinic with atraumatic sports-related MSP. The conservative treatment protocol for MSP included the use of oral analgesics, activity restriction, insole modification, local corticosteroid injections, and boot walker application with crutches. MRI was performed for all patients who experienced persistent pain despite the completion of conservative treatment. After the completion of the conservative treatment protocol, 48.1% of the patients reported a reduction in pain. Patients with younger age at pain onset (p = 0.001), higher body mass index (p = 0.001), and a bipartite medial sesamoid (p = 0.010) were more likely to experience persistent pain after conservative treatment. The type of sports activity was also a factor since running- and dancing-related MSP tended to respond better to conservative treatment compared to MSP originating from golf, futsal, and weightlifting with squatting. On MRI, 42.8% of patients showed no specific abnormal findings, with signal changes in soft tissues such as the subcutaneous fat and bursa being the most common, followed by intraosseous signal changes of the medial sesamoid bone and chondral or subchondral lesions of the medial sesamoid metatarsal joint (28.6% each). Conservative treatment was successful in less than half of the patients who experienced MSP due to sports activity. Practitioners should be aware of the numerous possible causes of conservative treatment failure, such as bursitis, medial sesamoiditis, stress fracture, or chondral lesions between the medial sesamoid and metatarsal. MRI evaluation may be helpful in MSP patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.

Ekowisata Bahari dan Wisata Olahraga Bahari di Desa Olele: Studi Pendahuluan

This research aims to obtain a general overview of marine ecotourism and marine sports tourism in Olele Village. Applying qualitative description methods, this research uses interview techniques, observation, and literature study for data collection. This research shows that sports tourism activities are in the marine ecotourism area in Olele Village. Types of sports activities, namely snorkeling and diving. In conclusion, there are tourism activities in the marine ecosystem area in Olele Village.&#x0D; Keywords: ecotourism, sports tourism, marine sports

Exercise pulse frequency reviewed from sport activities

Pulse rate is one indicator that indicates that the heart and circulatory systems in the body are working. The pulse can be used to analyze the functional abilities of a person's body, which of course is influenced by the activity of the body itself. The purpose of this study intends to examine the differences in the frequency of exercise pulse in terms of the type of activity or exercise, and in this study the type of sports activity carried out is the type of aerobic and anaerobic exercise. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research with a survey method approach. The number of respondents involved in the research was 31 people, namely students of the physical education study program STKIP Pasundan class of 2021. The research instrument used an exercise pulse test measured for 60 seconds on the wrist, while for research data analysis techniques using discriptive statistics. The results showed that the average frequency of the initial pulse or resting pulse of 31 respondents showed an average value of 79.9 times per minute, then after doing anaerobic exercise activity was 151.58 and the average pulse rate after doing aerobic activity was 149.58. The conclusion is that there appears to be a slight difference in the average frequency of the training pulse in terms of the type of training activity. Anaerobic exercise activity has a greater increase in average value than aerobic activity.Key word:: Pulse, Exercise, Sport Activities.

Aktivitas Olahraga Rekreasi di Komplek Perumahan Graha Padma Semarang dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Masyarakat Tahun 2021

This study aims to describe and examine the types of weekend recreational sports activities, a form of fulfilling the needs of weekend recreational sports activities, as well as the environmental potential that can be accessed by the weekend sports community in the Graha Padma housing complex, Semarang. This research approach is a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Narrative data analysis technique with data reduction steps, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the research on the types of weekend recreational sports activities in the Graha Padma housing complex, Semarang, showed diversity, including walking, jogging, cycling, playing, and aerobic exercise. Fulfillment of the values ​​of community needs that are manifested from weekend recreational sports activities include the fulfillment of physiological needs, security needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. The conclusions of this study are 1) The most popular type of sports activity is walking, which is the most favored by the perpetrators because it is easy, lively, and affordable. 2) The form of fulfillment of the most common needs, especially the level of physiological, safety, and social needs. 3) The potential of the environment is easy to reach, safe, comfortable, beautiful, and available areas for weekend sports activities.

Immunological indexes for assessing parameters of cardiovascular system in athletes of different qualification

Timely diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases is based on markers that detect changes in the athlete’s body at an early stage of disease. To implement this task, it is important to use novel laboratory techniques. We have carried out a comparative determination of immunological markers, specific antibodies to angiotensin, bradykinin, histamine, dopamine, serotonin and functional indicators of the cardiovascular system in athletes of various qualifications. The object of study included athletes of the Russian national teams who underwent an in-depth examination (IME) as part of medical survey. The participants were divided into groups depending on the sport arts and qualifications. Representatives of the group “Cyclic sports” included athletes without a category of 30 people and 29 qualified athletes (1st step, Candidate Master, Master of Sports, etc.). The “Combat sports” group consisted of 32 people without a category and 31 athletes with qualifications similar to those indicated above. Athletes of “Speed-strength” sports are represented by a group of 31 people without a category and 29 athletes with qualifications. The functional parameters of the cardiovascular system included analysis of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, which were compared with control values established for the athletes. The immunological indexes were determined in blood serum of the athletes and in subjects from control group by means of the solid-phase ELISA method using conjugated antigens of angiotensin, bradykinin, histamine, dopamine, serotonin for absorption on the plates. To compare the indexes, a control group of 30 people without cardiovascular symptoms was examined. Diastolic blood pressure for athletes of cyclic sports and combat sports was below the control values, and, for athletes of speed-strength sports, it was higher than in control group. A decrease in diastolic blood pressure for the above subgroup of athletes may indicate characteristic adaptive physiological changes in myocardium. The levels of immune-related indexes for serotonin, dopamine for the athletes of all groups corresponded to the control values. The only exception concerned qualified athletes of cyclic sports, which significantly differed from the normal values, compared to athletes without a sports category. Significantly high immunological parameters for histamine and angiotensin did not depend on the athlete’s qualification. In athletes involved in speed-strength sports, the levels of indexes for bradykinin did not differ from the normal values, and, for athletes in cyclic sports and combat sports, they significantly exceeded the norm.We have shown that different levels and types of sports activities affect the performance of cardiovascular system in their own way. The changes in immunological parameters reflect regulatory state of cardiovascular system. Accordingly, their simultaneous increase against the control may indicate participation in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The differences in their levels for athletes involved in combat sports, cyclic and speed-strength sporting activities show deeper changes in regulatory systems associated with duration and level of physical activities.

Aktivitas Olahraga Mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Palangka Raya pada Masa New Normal

The purpose of this study was to determine the sports activities of students of the Teaching and Education Faculty of Palangka Raya University during the New Normal Period. This research uses descriptive quantitative method. A total of 241 students as samples in this study. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire via the Google form. Furthermore, researchers analyzed the data obtained and described it in the form of tables and diagrams. The results and conclusions obtained from this study were that the majority of students from the Teaching and Education Faculty of Palangka Raya University carried out sports activities 1-2 times/week, amounting to 45.2%, with a moderate intensity of 55.6%. The sports activity was carried out within a period of &lt; 60 minutes a week by 84.6%, with the majority type of sports activity namely endurance by 47.7%. Apart from that, based on the results of the research, it was shown that the goal of the students of the Faculty of Teaching and Education, University of Palangka Raya, was to carry out sports activities to increase their body's immunity by 74.3% so that they would not be susceptible to disease.

Factors and perceptions associated with energy drink consumption among undergraduate students attending a rural university: a descriptive study

Objectives: This study examined the prevalence, patterns, and knowledge of Energy Drink (ED) consumption among undergraduate students. Participants: Participants included students (n = 373) attending a medium-sized rural university in Texas. Methods: Students were surveyed anonymously using convenience sampling and a cross-sectional design with 15 items structured questionnaire. Results: Nearly 90% of the study participants (N = 373) were between 18-24 years. Among the consumers (n = 165), the majority were females (80%) and Caucasian (73%). About 60% of them lived on campus, 22% were engaged in some type of sports activity, and primarily represented the freshmen (42%) and sophomore (25%) population. Having apriori knowledge of the negative health effects of EDs was associated with their consumption [OR: 0.40, CI: (0.22, 0.72)]. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need to establish programs and policies on campus to address ED consumption issues and create educational campaigns to inform the undergraduate population attending a rural university.

Молекулярно-генетический анализ генов ADRB2, NOS3 и PPARGC1A у единоборцев города Перми

The study of genetic predisposition to certain types of sports activities will make it possible to sci-entifically select the most promising athletes and adjust their training process, since these data influence the formation of the physical qualities of athletes. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between pol-ymorphic variants of the ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2), NOS3 (Nitric Oxide Synthase 3) и PPARGC1A (Peroxi-some Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha) genes associated with endurance in judo and freestyle wrestling athletes with different sports qualifications. The sample for the study included 50 ath-letes, of which 27 were athletes involved in judo at the «Vityaz» sports school, and 23 athletes involved in free-style wrestling at the «Planeta» sports and health club in the city of Perm. Depending on their sporting success, the combatants were distributed into Group I with high qualifications and into Group II with low qualifications. In 50 martial artists aged 10 to 16 years, laboratory research was carried out using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RT) and polymorphisms of three genes were identified: G/T polymorphism of the NOS3 gene (rs1799983), G/A polymorphism of the PPARGC1A gene (rs8192678) and A/G polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713). An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and their sports qualifications was carried out. An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and their sports qualifications was carried out; significant differences were established between Group I and Group II for genotype A/A (Fexp 2.98&gt;1.96 at p=0.05) and genotype G/G (Fexp 2.60&gt;1.96 at p=0.05) of the ADRB2 gene, and also for the G/A genotype of the PPARGC1A gene (Fexp 2.43&gt;1.96 at p=0.05). The frequency of occurrence of TGS, calculated for the physical quality “endurance”, based on the polymorphism of the ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A genes in 50 martial artists, ranged from 33 to 100. Combatants with the greatest TGS are highly qualified. The relationship between the two samples (Group I with high qualifications and Group II with low qualifications) and TGS, established based on the analysis of polymorphic positions of three genes (ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A) is statistically insignificant.