Two-sided Communication Research Articles

Effective strategies to attract crowdfunding investment based on the novelty of business ideas

Whether the novelty of an idea is a factor that directly influences crowdfunding success remains an area of ambiguity. We hypothesize that target funder diversification is effective with incremental ideas. However, focused business proposals are better suited to assert radical ideas. We also hypothesize the impact of two different strategic actions that founders can take during fundraising campaigns, agile information update and communication, on crowdfunding success. A deep-learning-based novelty detection model combined with statistical analysis is used to empirically test 7406 crowdfunding projects crawled from online platform. Our results support our hypotheses and reveal that information updates from startup founders show non-linear quadratic relationships with fundraising performance, whereas two-sided communication helps stimulate investors. We also revealed that novelty level can influence strategic choice, indicating that a project with a higher novelty should have a focused target. Our finding suggests a solution to the conflicting conclusions in previous studies on the direct impact of novelty level and target diversification, by explaining the process of novelty-dependent behavioral strategies based on signaling theory.

LogSC: Model-based one-sided communication performance estimation

One-sided communication (also known as remote memory access, or RMA) in the Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a communication interface that has been introduced in MPI-2 (1997) that enables new more efficient programming models. In MPI-3, some new more flexible and efficient primitives have been introduced, which makes it easier to use and more deployable.However, compared to traditional two-sided communication, little work has been performed on analyzing one-sided communication costs, which urgently requires formal analysis. The communication performance model is a formal analysis of communication and its cost. We focus on the software model, whose core idea is that the transmission can be represented as a sequence of implicit transfers and data movements. This approach is a suitable solution for concurrent communication modeling.We propose LogSC, which consists of the window cost, transmission cost, synchronization cost, and computational cost in atomic operations. In this paper, LogSC is used to model most of the operations in one-sided communication, including the put/get operation, atomic operation, and shared memory programming of MPI. We model and evaluate the parallel tests of IMB, collectives designed by combining MPI and the MPI shared memory (MPI+MPI), and the communication in the scalable universal matrix multiplication algorithm (SUMMA), which is a common matrix multiplication algorithm. Experiments show that our modeling has high accuracy, which makes up for the lack of existing models.

Family Members of Adults with Intellectual Disability Living in Residential Settings: Roles and Collaboration with Professionals. A Review of the Literature.

The aim of this article is to review the literature concerning the role of family members of adults with an intellectual disability living in diverse residential settings and their collaboration with residential staff. Whenever the scarce literature on the subject allowed, the focus was laid on family members of persons with additional challenging behavior. Electronic databases, reference screening, and hand search of selected journals was employed to collate literature using key terms such as family members, intellectual disability, and residential setting. By extracting relevant data of the eighteen articles that fulfilled all inclusion criteria, the following 3 main themes with each subthemes were identified inductively: roles of family members after the transition, the effects of the transition on family members, and the collaboration between the family members and professional care staff. This review presents the different roles family members partake and highlights the importance of regular open two-sided communication for collaboration with professional staff to be successful. Practical implementations are discussed and the need for further research in the field is indicated.

Специфика визуальной коммуникации в изобразительном искусстве

The article examines specificity of visual communication in the context of fine art. It is shown that visual communication is highly specific due to interaction of an art object with a subject-viewer. Two stages of visual communication are identified (the first one is associated with information transfer from an art object to a viewer; the second one - with a subject’s feedback on an art object), effect of “delayed communication” is examined; it is proved that fine art works initiate both one-sided and two-sided communication with a viewer. The conclusion is made that artworks acquire cultural meaning due to their openness for interpretation.

Phygital-Technologies as a Tool for Developing Efficient Communication with Today’s Customer

A key aspect of marketing strategy today is an ability to attract new generations of customers. The present day generation - digitalnatives (digital aboriginals, generation Z) is becoming a fast growing target group of consumer market and future global online-commerce. On the basis of Russian and overseas research on social – psychological and behavioral characteristics of generation Z the author studies the approach to building communication through which brands could broadcast their messages to customers and reveal their values. Phygital-technologies mean communications showing specificity, interests and preferences of generation Z, which provide an opportunity to create a new eco-system by using key advantages of traditional and digital tools. The new generation digitalnatives was born and grew up at the age of the Internet, gadgets and digital technologies. It is more useful to get in touch with this groupd through on-line platforms by developing a unique entertaining, laconic content, which could get within the eye-sight of Z-customers and comply with their interests and behavioral characteristics. However, the efficient two-sided communication implies not only on-line space, it includes off-line environment. The author shows that applying the approach, which could provide mutual integration of different channels of communication into a unique strategic system is an effective way of attracting the attention of new generations.

A Model of Two-Sided Costly Communication for Building New Product Category Demand

When a firm introduces a radical innovation, consumers are unaware of the product’s uses and benefits. Moreover, consumers are unsure of whether they even need the product. In this situation, we consider the role of marketing communication as generating consumers’ need recognition and thus market demand for a novel product. In particular, we model marketing communication as a two-sided process that involves both firms’ and consumers’ costly efforts to transmit and assimilate a novel product concept. When the marketing communication takes on a two-sided process, we study a firm’s different information disclosure strategies for its radical innovation. We find that sharing innovation, instead of extracting a higher rent by keeping the idea secret, can be optimal. A firm may benefit from the presence of a competitor and its communication effort. The innovator can share its innovation so that competitors can also benefit, which encourages rivals to enter the market. The presence of such competition guarantees a higher surplus for consumers, which can induce greater consumer effort in a two-sided communication process. Moreover, the increased consumer effort, in turn, prompts complementarity in the communication process and lessens the potential free-riding effect in communication between firms. Additionally, it encourages the rival firm to exert more effort, especially when the role of consumers becomes more important. Sharing innovation with a rival serves as a mechanism to induce more efforts in a two-sided communication process. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1071 .

Anticipated Communication in the Ultimatum Game

Anticipated verbal feedback in a dictator game has been shown to induce altruistic behavior. However, in the ultimatum game which, apart from generosity, entails a strategic component since a proposer may (rightly) fear that the responder will reject a low offer, it remains an open question whether anticipated verbal communication can be effective in increasing offers. We implement a between-subjects experimental design in the ultimatum game with strategy method manipulating the form of anticipated verbal communication (no communication, one-sided communication from proposers and two-sided communication) and find that offers are significantly higher in the presence of anticipated two-sided communication. However, anticipated one-sided communication from proposers has no effect on offers, suggesting, as found in previous studies, that it is the anticipation of feedback that is relevant.

Coarray-based load balancing on heterogeneous and many-core architectures

Abstract In order to reach challenging performance goals, computer architecture is expected to change significantly in the near future. Heterogeneous chips, equipped with different types of cores and memory, will force application developers to deal with irregular communication patterns, high levels of parallelism, and unexpected behavior. Load balancing among the heterogeneous compute units will be a critical task in order to achieve an effective usage of the computational power provided by such new architectures. In this highly dynamic scenario, Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) languages, like Coarray Fortran, appear a promising alternative to standard MPI programming that uses two-sided communications, in particular because of PGAS one-sided semantic and ease of programmability. In this paper, we show how Coarray Fortran can be used for implementing dynamic load balancing algorithms on an exascale compute node and how these algorithms can produce performance benefits for an Asian option pricing problem, running in symmetric mode on Intel Xeon Phi Knights Corner and Knights Landing architectures.

THE OPPORTUNITIES OF RELATIONSHIP MARKETING: ASPECT OF THE EU DIGITAL MARKET

The purpose of research is to analyse and evaluate opportunities of using relationship marketing in online trading. The objectives of research are to analyse scientific literature on the topic, to conduct a relationship marketing research, to make the internet trade industry analysis, to evaluate opportunities of using relationship marketing in online trading. The methods of research are: theoretical analysis of scientific literature, experts’ survey and its statistical analysis. In the course of time it becomes necessary to have long-term relationships between businesses and consumers. Many companies want not only to sell their products to the consumer just once, but also to make up a new relationship with them, to increase the level of loyalty to the company and its products in future. Therefore, it is necessary not only to create consumer`s base, but also to work to encourage consumers to re-purchase products. This means that there is a necessity in two-sided communication or relationship marketing. The suitable environment for relationship marketing is online trading market, where communication is much faster and easier than in real life, and which influences the effectiveness of communication. In the EU digital market consumers also search for solutions to purchase as effective as it is possible. The author's research shows that online trading companies use relationship marketing in their activities. The research results can be used in practice, which will help online trading industry, especially in the EU digital market, to communicate more efficiently with their customers, and use the existing databases more efficiently.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eis.0.10.14605

The effect of the discounted attribute importance in two-sided messages

Purpose The purpose of this research is to test the importance of the discounting attribute in the two-sided communication from a retail salesperson as a boundary condition that eliminates the trade-off between trustworthiness and purchase intentions. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses are tested by three experimental studies in three different retail contexts. Two lab studies manipulate the importance of the attribute and the type of message: one-sided vs two-sided. A field study improves the external validity of the findings. Findings A two-sided message from a salesperson reduces the use of persuasion knowledge and, therefore, enhances the consumer’s perception of the salesperson’s trustworthiness; this positive effect remains significant across different levels of importance of the discounting attribute. A two-sided message decreases the consumer’s probability of purchase only when an important attribute is disclaimed, through the consumer’s beliefs regarding the product’s attributes. Practical implications For the appropriate use of two-sided appeals, retailers should identify the importance of product attributes from the consumers’ perspective. A negative remark from a salesperson when referred to an unimportant attribute makes no harm to purchase intentions while leading to stronger intentions to return to the store and to recommend the store by enhancing trustworthiness. Originality/value This paper shows that it is possible to enhance trustworthiness through a two-sided message without mitigating the intentions of buying by discounting an attribute at low importance in the two-sided message.

Sympathy for the Devil

This study examines whether broadcast news reduces negativity toward political leaders by exposing partisans to opposing viewpoints. For analysis, both exposure to broadcast news and variation in media content are used to predict changes in feelings toward the candidates during the 2008 presidential election. The results suggest that increased exposure to broadcast news increased partisans’ favorability toward the out-party candidate. In addition, increased coverage of the candidates was followed by increased favorability among members of the opposing party. These results demonstrate the benefits of exposure to two-sided communications flows for the reduction of animosity between the political parties. Moreover, these results suggest that public negativity toward political leaders might be even worse if not for the large amount of overlap between the audiences for partisan and mainstream news outlets.

Implementing OpenSHMEM for the Adapteva Epiphany RISC Array Processor

The energy-efficient Adapteva Epiphany architecture exhibits massive many-core scalability in a physically compact 2D array of RISC cores with a fast network-on-chip (NoC). With fully divergent cores capable of MIMD execution, the physical topology and memory-mapped capabilities of the core and network translate well to partitioned global address space (PGAS) parallel programming models. Following an investigation into the use of two-sided communication using threaded MPI, one-sided communication using SHMEM is being explored. Here we present work in progress on the development of an OpenSHMEM 1.2 implementation for the Epiphany architecture.

Optimizing NEURON Simulation Environment Using Remote Memory Access with Recursive Doubling on Distributed Memory Systems.

Increase in complexity of neuronal network models escalated the efforts to make NEURON simulation environment efficient. The computational neuroscientists divided the equations into subnets amongst multiple processors for achieving better hardware performance. On parallel machines for neuronal networks, interprocessor spikes exchange consumes large section of overall simulation time. In NEURON for communication between processors Message Passing Interface (MPI) is used. MPI_Allgather collective is exercised for spikes exchange after each interval across distributed memory systems. The increase in number of processors though results in achieving concurrency and better performance but it inversely affects MPI_Allgather which increases communication time between processors. This necessitates improving communication methodology to decrease the spikes exchange time over distributed memory systems. This work has improved MPI_Allgather method using Remote Memory Access (RMA) by moving two-sided communication to one-sided communication, and use of recursive doubling mechanism facilitates achieving efficient communication between the processors in precise steps. This approach enhanced communication concurrency and has improved overall runtime making NEURON more efficient for simulation of large neuronal network models.

Distorted Dialogue in Richard Matheson’s I Am Legend: A Bakhtinian Perspective

Based on the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin, a dialogue can necessarily take place only in a two-sided communication. But if a party creates a hierarchical situation for the domination of its voice in the context, the communication will no longer be dialogic. In I Am Legend , Richard Matheson depicts a post-apocalyptic world that is destroyed due to the spread of a disease which metamorphoses people into bugs. The bacterium of this disease is denotatively and symbolically the aftermath of a war in which every party attempts to suppress the other parties to establish a monologue to its own advantage. But Robert Neville, Matheson’s main character, tries to find a cure for this exasperation. As he kills the new creatures, his attempt is a measure to delete the factors which make the “other” intolerable for him. When the new nonhuman race is ultimately at the threshold of creating another society, they look upon him in the same way he used to look upon them. However, the new society finally decides to execute him. A Bakhtinian reading of the novel shows that almost all the position-holders try to erase the dialogue and establish their own authority. It causes disastrous consequences like violent exclusions. The present research takes it to analyze the attempts in the novel which want to destroy dialogue, and to expose the disastrous results of each participant’s efforts to exclude the other party. These efforts lead each party, especially the marginalized one, to an alienation where they have to spend their times in violence and frustration. Keywords: I Am Legend , Matheson, Bakhtin, Dialogism, Monologism, Post-apocalypse

Two-sided communication in competing mechanism games

We consider multiple-principal multiple-agent games of incomplete information. We identify a class of two-way communication mechanisms which mirror those considered in the single principal analysis of Myerson (1982). In such mechanisms, every agent truthfully reveals her type to all principals, and obeys the private recommendations she receives from each of them. We show that there is a rationale in restricting attention to this class of mechanisms: if principals use these mechanisms, there is no unilateral incentive to deviate towards more sophisticated ones. We develop three examples to analyze possible extensions and limits of our approach. The first two examples show that the restriction to direct and incentive compatible mechanisms is not sufficient to provide a complete characterization of all pure strategy equilibria. The third one shows that private recommendations play a fundamental role in competing mechanism games, suggesting that one cannot safely restrict to one-sided communication mechanisms.

Designing energy efficient communication runtime systems: a view from PGAS models

As the march to the exascale computing gains momentum, energy consumption of supercomputers has emerged to be the critical roadblock. While architectural innovations are imperative in achieving computing of this scale, it is largely dependent on the systems software to leverage the architectural innovations. Parallel applications in many computationally intensive domains have been designed to leverage these supercomputers, with legacy two-sided communication semantics using Message Passing Interface. At the same time, Partitioned Global Address Space Models are being designed which provide global address space abstractions and one-sided communication for exploiting data locality and communication optimizations. PGAS models rely on one-sided communication runtime systems for leveraging high-speed networks to achieve best possible performance. In this paper, we present a design for Power Aware One-Sided Communication Llibrary --- PASCoL. The proposed design detects communication slack, leverages Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS), and Interrupt driven execution to exploit the detected slack for energy efficiency. We implement our design and evaluate it using synthetic benchmarks for one-sided communication primitives, Put, Get, and Accumulate and uniformly noncontiguous data transfers. Our performance evaluation indicates that we can achieve significant reduction in energy consumption without performance loss on multiple one-sided communication primitives. The achieved results are close to the theoretical peak available with the experimental test bed.

Designing truly one-sided MPI-2 RMA intra-node communication on multi-core systems

The increasing popularity of multi-core processors has made MPI intra-node communication, including the intra-node RMA (Remote Memory Access) communication, a critical component in high performance computing. MPI-2 RMA model includes one-sided data transfer and synchronization operations. Existing designs in popularly used MPI stacks do not provide truly one-sided intra-node RMA communication. They are built on top of two-sided send-receive operations, therefore suffering from overheads of two-sided communication and dependency on the remote side. In this paper, we enhance existing shared memory mechanisms to design truly one-sided synchronization. In addition, we design truly one-sided intra-node data transfer using two kernel based direct copy alternatives: basic kernel-assisted approach and I/OAT-assisted approach. Our new design eliminates the overhead of using two-sided operations and eliminates the involvement from the remote side. We also propose a series of benchmarks to evaluate various performance aspects over multi-core architectures (Intel Clovertown, Intel Nehalem and AMD Barcelona). The results show that the new design obtains up to 39% lower latency for small and medium messages and demonstrates 29% improvement in large message bandwidth. Moreover, it provides superior performance in terms of better scalability, reduced cache misses, higher resilience to process skew and increased computation and communication overlap. Finally, up to 10% performance benefits is demonstrated for a real scientific application AWM-Olsen.

Language, Meaning, and Games: A Model of Communication, Coordination, and Evolution

Language is a powerful coordination device. We generalize the cheap-talk approach to pre-play communication by way of introducing a meaning correspondence between messages and actions, and by postulating two axioms met by natural languages. Players have a lexicographic preference, second to material payoffs, against deviating from the meaning correspondence. Under two-sided communication in generic and symmetric n × n-coordination games, a Nash equilibrium component in such a lexicographic communication game is evolutionarily stable if and only if it results in the unique Pareto efficient outcome of the underlying game. We extend the analysis to one-sided communication in arbitrary finite two-player games. (JEL C72, C73, Z13)

Effects on attitudes by sequence of two-sided communication including visual animations in case of announcement of public works

Effects on attitudes by sequence of two-sided communication including visual animations in case of announcement of public works

Evaluating Dynamic Communicators and One-Sided Operations for Current MPI Libraries

In this paper we evaluate the current status and performance of several MPI implementations regarding two chapters of the MPI-2 specification. First, we analyze whether the performance using dynamically created communicators is comparable to the approach presented in MPI-1 using a static communicator for different MPI libraries. We then evaluate whether the communication performance of one-sided communication on current machines represents a benefit or a disadvantage to the end-user compared to the more conventional two-sided communication.