TV Viewers Research Articles

The effect of second screening on repeat viewing: Insights from large-scale mobile diary data

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of second screening, the common practice of using another digital device while watching a television show, on repeat show viewing. We leveraged large-scale individual-level data from mobile diaries of 1,702 US TV viewers on 2,755 prime time shows. We used causal forest analysis for estimation, focusing on the moderating role of viewing preferences and show loyalty, and captured heterogeneity in viewer preferences using latent-class segmentation. We found that overall, show-related second screening has a positive effect on the attitude toward the show, as well as on actual repeat viewing. Show-unrelated second screening diminishes the viewer’s attitude. These effects are especially pronounced in the heavy viewer segment and among infrequent show viewers. Interestingly, our analysis did not provide evidence that second screening harms actual repeat viewing, countering potential concerns of negative distraction effects.

Fanfiction: When Copyright Violation Benefits Brands

We investigate fanfiction (i.e., original fiction adopting elements of pre-existing media), as a copyright-violating phenomenon and show it can benefit brands. Our work first identifies two benefits of fanfiction: 1) reading fanfiction increases purchase intent for brand content, 2) and fanfiction production rates can be used to generate more accurate estimates of next-week TV viewership. Next, we identify that brands can grow their fanfiction communities by waiving copyright protection, thus removing a barrier to publication faced by many fanfiction authors. We demonstrate these results using two real-world datasets representing billions of words of fanfiction content, and one lab study (N=600).

Azerbaijani TV Viewers' Practices of Watching Turkish Television Programs In The Context of Cultural Studies: Turkish Culture And Tourism

The aim of present study is to explore the reception processes of Azerbaijani viewers’ of television channels broadcasting from Turkey within the framework of Cultural Studies pertaining to Turkish culture and tourism. Employing the audience-centered reception approach within the tradition of Cultural Studies, this study examines the reception patterns exhibited by participants residing in diverse cities in Azerbaijan who watch Turkish television programs. Four separate focus group interviews involving a total of 36 participants were conducted to investigate the dominant, negotiated, and oppositional styles of perception prevalent in audience reception research, thereby gathering data on the interpretive practices and reception behaviors of Azerbaijani viewers regarding the content they consume. The findings were thematically synthesized to elucidate the viewers’ reception styles. Consequently, the research indicates that diverse television content is interpreted by the audience through various reception frameworks concerning Turkish culture and tourism incentives. It was observed that Azerbaijani viewers, watch a broad spectrum of Turkish television programs, engage in understanding Turkish culture, with the majority of participants demonstrating a propensity towards dominant interpretations.

The exposure level media teachers for the news (eight o'clock PM) of Kurdish television channels

The aim of this research is to understand the idea and direction of the media instructors for the news at 8:00PM in the Kurdish Satellite Channels. The majority of the viewers of the satellite channels pay more attention to the news at 8:00 PM, as the habit of the international channels. The Kurdish satellite channels solicitude to the news of 8:00 PM. The Kurdish channels are preparing special news covering and the companies that are working in the economic fields are emphasizing on showing their advertisements at 8:00 PM news as it is considered as Golden Time by some of the Media Analysts. This research is considered as descriptive research and depends on media theory (Media Tools) and relies on questionnaire forms as a used tool in the research. In the end, the researchers concluded some outcomes such as; decrease the percentage of the News and TV viewers in general as there are alternatives for the Satellite channels. There are some kinds of debate during watching the news at 8:00 PM among family members and, friends and on the other side with the sample of the research, the mass majority of this research samples come first to follow the Political news, then Miscellaneous news, Economy news and then the social news. Most of the research samples show that the Kurdish channels are not alternative for the other news resources

Do not shut up and do dribble: social media and TV consumption

This paper investigates the impact of social media interest and sentiment surrounding the 2020 National Basketball Association’s involvement with the Black Lives Matter movement on the television audience in the United States. Twitter (now known as X) serves as the chosen social media platform, and we determine the sentiment expressed in tweets (messages posted on Twitter) using the XLM-RoBERTa deep language model. Our primary findings indicate that the quantity of users’ posts does not significantly influence TV viewership; instead, the tone of the messages plays a crucial role. Positive messages supporting the NBA’s engagement correlate with an increase in the number of viewers, while those expressing opposition do not. We argue that this asymmetry may stem from a positive elasticity among casual (non-habitual) NBA viewers concerning positive sentiments toward NBA involvement. These viewers are likely to align with the NBA’s stances on civil rights and BLM. In contrast, the core NBA fan base exhibits inelastic demand and is unlikely to cease watching NBA games. A comprehensive set of robustness checks reinforces the validity of our key conclusions.

A STUDY ON MEASURING RAPIDLY CHANGING VIEWER’S PERCEPTION IN TV INDUSTRY

This study conducts a comprehensive investigation of the dynamic domain of television viewer preferences, highlighting the swift changes noted in audience decisions and actions. Given the number of available viewing alternatives and technical developments, it is critical for all parties involved in the TV industry to comprehend these changes. This research uses a combination of qualitative, quantitative and binary analysis to examine key factors that influence viewer choices, such as socio demographic characteristics, streaming services, platforms for viewing, and types of material. By utilizing strong analytical techniques, the research seeks to uncover practical understandings of the fundamental forces behind these changing habits. The results are expected to provide content producers, broadcasters, and marketers with essential insight that will enable them to better match their strategies with the constantly shifting preferences of today's diverse audience. Keywords: Media, TV Viewership, Social Media, Media Consumption, Future of TV industry

JUBILIEJINĖS SUKAKTYS: GEOLOGIJOS MOKSLO POPULIARINIMAS BEI NEFORMALAUS GAMTAMOKSLINIO UGDYMO VU GEOLOGIJOS MUZIEJUJE AKTYVINIMAS

During the festive year, one does not want to talk about problems [although the situation of geological science in general education school programs has not improved, in the newly prepared textbooks (if they will be published) it continues to be pushed to the place of the most abused stepdaughter], so we are happy with the successful events of the last anniversary year. We are happy with the increasing traffic. Not counting the visitors who participated in the previously listed events, in 2023, 230 excursions (about 4,500 visitors) came to the Museum of Geology, 48 excursions for ~930 schoolchildren with exercises (educational activities); there were themed evenings for the public + museum excursion on weekends 4, ~80 visitors. Educational classes + excursion in the museum on weekends - 10 (~190 visitors). The constantly updated display "Our latest popular achievements and latest scientific reports" (visited by ~4900). Consultations - identification of brought finds: ~300 (the number of finds varies). A total of ~5,000 visitors heard about geology (not counting TV viewers). Keywords: anniversary, meteorite, geology museum, informal science education, Vilnius University

Future-proofing entertainment: Navigating market changes in television and internet video services through predictive modeling

This research investigates the further prospects of TV and internet video services in the dynamic Yemen market by analyzing the factors that influence their use and engagement. This research expands its framework by including the combined concept of absorption and employ of technologies, and the idea of technology disruptions and systems improvement adding an entertaining bend to the analysis. Its purpose is to investigate the connection between the intention to use and the behaviour of interacting with the material. The research subjects were answered by a group of 400 academic graduates. In contrast to previous studies, this study discovered that only the Perceived Ease of Use (PES) is effectively connected with the desire to use online video services. However, it also revealed a significant optimistic connection between customer quality Online Flow Experience (OFE), Perceived Behavioral Control (PBO), and Instrumental Orientation (IR), the purpose to employ internet video services. Findings indicate a decline in TV viewership, while the limited amount of available money may pose a significant obstacle to the expansion of video platforms. This study provides vital insights into the evolving consumer behavior inside Yeman's media network at a period of minimal investigation.

Upaya Padang TV Dalam Meningkatkan Pemirsa Program Acara Sumbar Rancak Bana

In the context of broadcast media in Indonesia, especially television broadcasters such as Padang TV, there are complex challenges and opportunities. However, data shows that television media still plays an important role in people's lives, with high viewing rates. However, the shift in consumption patterns towards internet-based services is a challenge that television stations must face. The phenomenon of viewers moving to cable TV and internet services has resulted in a decline in interest in local broadcasts. This research discusses how Padang TV's efforts to increase viewers through the Sumbar Rancak Bana program. The research method used is a qualitative approach, collecting and analyzing data in the form of words and human actions. This research is descriptive, providing a description and analysis of the research results without making broad conclusions. The analysis and theories used reveal that Padang TV's efforts to increase viewers on the Sumbar Rancak Bana program are in accordance with the theory of media convergence by Henry Jenkins. Convergence of Technology, Business and Content is used by Padang TV, where this theory recognizes the two-way interaction of viewers and media and the role of viewers in shaping experiences. Padang TV implements the Marketing Mix in the Rancak Bana program, with diverse content and supporting facilities that sustain the program. The diversity of Padang TV's viewers in demographics, geography and interests is reflected in the different classifications, showing suitability to the program presented.

Factors driving FIFA world cup 2022 viewership ratings in mainland China: marketing outlooks for FIFA world cup 2026.

The FIFA World Cup is not only the most lucrative athletic event globally, but it also functions as a platform for promoting peace owing to FIFA's new vision. Nevertheless, the determinants of TV viewership ratings, especially in the Chinese market, which is a critical revenue stream for FIFA TV broadcasting, are still unsolved. Using a distributional regression, this study aimed to quantify the dynamics of viewership ratings for the FIFA World Cup 2022 in mainland China. The CCTV viewership ratings were modeled using 12 covariables related to Chinese TV consumer behavior. Given the data structure, a Logit Normal regression model was chosen to fit the location and dispersion parameters of viewership ratings to explanatory variables. In the fitted heteroscedastic model, the viewership ratings dynamics in mainland China were driven by the match kick-off time: . In addition, the model captures the factors that influence the variations in viewership ratings: (if, FIFA World Cup champion = "Yes") + 0.004 × FIFA world ranking]. Thus, it shows that the FIFA World Cup champions tamp down such variations, leading to a more stable viewing behavior among Chinese consumers. Time- and team-sensitive strategies are proposed to aid in crafting uncertainty-suppressing business decisions for the FIFA World Cup 2026. Ultimately, in the more insecure 2020s, a broader live coverage of the FIFA World Cup would be invaluable for promoting peace.

The commercialization of thumbnail update in the Ajwa TV Indonesia Muslim broadcasting on Youtube Canal

Religion is an ideology, not a good or service, but rather an attraction used to draw in the audience. Ajwa TV Indonesia is an illustration of the critical media political economy theory of how religious content has become commodified because of the transformation of religion's initial use value as a way of life and a source of belief into an exchange value. One of the media's mediators for boosting viewership is YouTube update thumbnails. The research included qualitative descriptive techniques. The practice of commodification of religious content emerged as a response to these negative effects and as a rule for Indonesian Muslims' daily life. Additionally, YouTube plays a significant role in enhancing the performance and visibility of devoted Ajwa TV viewers. The purpose of a thumbnail update is to make information about shows on Ajwa TV more widely known by releasing and sharing it. A device's thumbnails serve many functions, one of which is to display a preview of a digital image. A device's thumbnails serve many functions, one of which is to display a preview of a digital image. Ajwa TV Indonesia is anticipated to continue producing current programming including music, lifestyle, news, and Islamic studies to expand the discussion.

INTRODUCTION

Articles in this special issue put the audience in the forefront of examining new communication platforms, narrative structures, as well as new challenges to the freedom of expression and audience participation in public and political life, such as the war in Ukraine, widespread misinformation and conspiracy theories. The new communication technologies have fundamentally changed how we communicate and connect with each other from the interpersonal level to the mass level. In seeking information, entertainment, diversion, socialization, and expression, people turn to diversified communication platforms and channels. Individual media repertoires have become so complex, fluent, and unpredictable that academic research is constantly struggling to keep up with emerging trends. On the one hand, new media and new ways of using existing media constantly emerge, while scholars strive to understand it. On the other hand, diverse malicious phenomena appear, limiting possibilities for expressing thoughts, emotions, attitudes, as well as participating in public and civic life. Articles in this special issue examine how we use new media and address disinformation on the Internet and in traditional media. In the first article, Ivana Stamenković and Marta Mitrović examine how young people in Serbia use TikTok, the fastest growing social media platform today. The authors apply uses and gratification theory and explore which motivations drive TikTok uses, including the needs for information, building personal identity, integration and social interaction, entertainment, and self-expression. According to their results, TikTok is a relevant source of information for the students from the south of Serbia, especially about hobbies. Students commonly join TikTok to learn about the activities of other people and gratify needs for relaxation and filling spare time. Most students are not active content contributors on TikTok but rather behave like traditional TV viewers.

On the Study of Interference Scenario on TV Broadcast and Wireless Systems for Emergency Communication Networks in TVWS

This paper investigated frequency sharing between primary TV systems (channels 32 and 49) and Emergency Communication Networks (ECNs). The networks to be implemented in the Osogbo axis of Osun State function on a secondary geographical basis, creating no harm to the original licensed primary TV viewers. A minimum separation distance of 41 dB was suggested as the protected contour for the UHF spectrum to oversee the protection of primary TV users for the UHF bands under consideration. The effects of changing the secondary systems' transmitting power, transmission frequency, and antenna height on the service coverage distance were also explored. The performance of the UHF band was evaluated when it was utilized for secondary transmission at both low and high transmitting powers, with the performance criterion being percentage coverage distance. This work complies with the International Telecommunication Union-Radio sector (ITU-R) recommendations of 16 dB for signal-to-noise ratio and 41 dB for signal strength. It can also be deduced from the result that when the transmission power of ECN devices is raised from 40 mW to 4 W, Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) is used; it caused a 76.19% reduction in the coverage spacing for TV channels of ECN Network secondary devices. For the White Space Device (WSD) to operate in Temporal mode, the maximum allowable power (4 W) used in spatial mode should be replaced by a 76.19 per cent reduction. Additional sensing margins of 3.76 dB and 4.04 dB for channels 33 and 43 must be added to the FCC threshold limit of -114 dBm criterion for TV white spaces to assure ECN deployment without causing severe interference to TV customers.

Controlling digital piracy via domain name system blocks: A natural experiment

We study the impact of batch DNS filtering of copyright-infringing websites, a novel administrative-based process that does not require judicial involvement. In partnership with a large telecommunication provider, we measure the impact of this intervention on piracy activity and the legal alternatives integrated into households' media subscription bundles, an aspect largely unexplored in prior literature. We find a significant reduction in Internet traffic, which proxies piracy activity. However, we do not observe statistically significant changes in the consumption of the legal alternatives under consideration, only a slight increase in TV viewership. To further understand these outcomes, we examine the heterogeneity of these results based on households' pre-block usage intensity of digital piracy and demographic characteristics. Our work contributes to the literature on the effectiveness of piracy control strategies and informs policy makers and industry practitioners about the benefits and limitations of DNS-based website blocking.

Research on Netflixs Impacts on Contemporary Screenagers and the Reasons for Its Success

Netflix and binge viewing have gained increasing popularity among the new generation of TV and movie viewers since they are more convenient and can provide customized watch-ing services. This paper is focused on the unique business model of Netflix and seeks to find out why it once became popular among Chinese viewers. A crucial reason is that Netflix has made a committed effort to create and promote original content. It keeps a keen eye on viewers needs by creating a tailored and remarkable TV viewing experience. However, the negative impacts of binge-watching behaviour cannot be ignored. It is now considered an important reason for loneliness and a low degree of cognitive function. Overall, the paper employs secondary data analysis, which offers a critical review of previously collected data in the new research area.

Evaluation of DVB-T2 Digital TV Propagation Performance in the Bali Broadcast Area

The development of terrestrial television broadcasting technology in the world today is switching from analog broadcasting systems to digital broadcasting systems. Analog Switch Off (ASO) is the period when analog broadcasts are stopped and replaced with digital broadcasts. Through the jargon "Clean Picture, Clear Sound, Advanced Technology" people will feel better quality than analog TV. In the era of digital broadcasting, TV viewers not only watch broadcast programs but can also get additional facilities such as EPG (Electronic Program Guide) to find out the programs that have been and will be aired later. With digital broadcasting, there is the ability to provide interactive services where viewers can directly rate the sound of broadcast programs in addition to the presence of features that can be utilized, such as features related to disaster information. In this study, an evaluation of the performance of DVB-T2 Digital TV propaganda will be carried out in the Bali service area. The quality of digital TV broadcasts in the Bali broadcast area is influenced by signal propagation which is parameterized by parameters C / N (or S / N), Modulation Error Rate (MER), Bit Error Rate (BER) by measuring at the test point or location of the test point/test measurement which is the outermost limit of the service area under the Minister of Communication and Information no 23 / PER / M.KOMINFO / 11/2011. So this research can be produced a map of the quality of broadcasting services in Bali which can be used as an indicator to avoid Bali from blank spot areas that can be recommended for Digital TV operators in Bali for repeater installation planning.

Towards the design of personalized adaptive user interfaces for smart TV viewers

Smart TV is a lean-back and shared device with diverse viewership, cultural acceptance, interaction modalities, input/output characteristics, and contextual use. Researchers, developers, and vendors constantly add new features and functionalities to its user interface (UI) to get higher market shares. However, the current smart TV UIs are static and follow a one-size-fits-all approach, where adding new features makes it cluttered and complex with limited learnability, usability, and greater cognitive overload. Another issue is the limited support for adaptive UIs to customize these features, functions, and services as per user needs. This article fills these gaps in the literature by designing a framework of personalized adaptive UIs for smart TV users capable of changing the UI layout and structure per the user needs and contextual details. The framework was tested on an Android-based smart TV and evaluated using a real-world dataset and an empirical study involving 75 household members in a mixed-mode questionnaire-based survey. The results were analyzed using Cronbach alpha, Kendall's tau-b, and principal component factor analysis. It was observed that personalized adaptive UIs are perceived positively in terms of attitude, usability, user experience, accessibility, learnability, user satisfaction, intension to use, and reduced cognitive overload.

TYPOLOGY OF THE PRESENTER’S COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES IN THE ODESA TOURISM MEDIA DISCOURSE

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Russian- language television program “Where are we going?!” as a special type of tourist discourse, one of the forms of which is the genre of television excursion. The main direction of the research was chosen to be linguo-pragmatic, which led to the identification of the main strategies of the communicative behavior of the presenter of the TV program and his interaction with the TV viewers. The linguistic-pragmatic principles of the study of communicative strategies and tacts in modern linguistics are defined, the main problems are outlined and typologies of strategies relevant specifically for the televised tourism discourse are proposed. The specifics of the speech behavior of the presenter of the TV program are considered and the presentation, informational, argumentative and game strategies are characterized. The tactics of identification, solidarity, self-presentation, criticism and intrigue were analyzed within the framework of the presentation strategy. It is proved that the information strategy is directed at presenting actual, verified information of a local history nature to the addressees and is presented by descriptive and characterological tactics. It was determined that the argumentative strategy is based on logical reasoning and evidence and is represented by the tactics of verbalizing logical reasoning, evaluation, and explanation. The game strategy is considered as an actualization of the presenter’s linguistic creative activity and the language means of implementing the language game are outlined.

The Competitive Balance of the Ryder Cup: The Key Factor for the Success of the Modern Era of this Competition

The objective of this article, using the example of recent editions of the Ryder Cup, is to discuss the importance of the concept of competitive balance as a factor explaining the interest shown by spectators and TV viewers in sports competitions. To this end, after having constructed indicators to calculate the ex-ante competitive balance of the last 20 editions of this competition, a comparison is made with the results (gaps) observed on the course. The conclusion, which may be of interest to sports economists, future organisers and technicians (captains), is that "the competitive balance does not explain everything". Other concepts need to be developed. Keywords: Ryder Cup, competitive balance, annual performance indicator, current performance indicator, competitive exceptionality

The Competitive Balance of the Ryder Cup: The Key Factor for the Success of the Modern Era of this Competition

The objective of this article, using the example of recent editions of the Ryder Cup, is to discuss the importance of the concept of competitive balance as a factor explaining the interest shown by spectators and TV viewers in sports competitions. To this end, after having constructed indicators to calculate the ex-ante competitive balance of the last 20 editions of this competition, a comparison is made with the results (gaps) observed on the course. The conclusion, which may be of interest to sports economists, future organisers and technicians (captains), is that "the competitive balance does not explain everything". Other concepts need to be developed. Keywords: Ryder Cup, competitive balance, annual performance indicator