TV Journalism Research Articles

Reporting to audiences in crisis: Disruption, criticism and absent hope in TV journalisms’ rendering of the impactful UK energy price rises

How does journalism communicate to audiences who are experiencing crisis? Existing literature suggests that journalists use reporting templates and related practices to report crises with elite narratives and myths (and some ‘disruptive factors’, on occasion). Their news audiences, it follows, are understood as observers of abstracted crisis rather than as those who are experiencing crisis impacts as immediate and affecting. Such thinking becomes challenged by the emerging UK energy crisis. Analysing the corresponding TV journalism shows its reporting responds to several unique disruptive aspects of the crisis (i.e. its ‘seriality’, ‘unpredictability’ and ‘impacts’) rather than reproduce expected myths and authority skew. Additionally, it forms potentially transformative coverage with an included critical commentary on elite inaction and profiteering. Still, omitted at the same time is any relevant explanation and assistance for those audiences affected by the soaring energy costs. The paper argues, subsequently, that this journalism is producing a crisis subjectivity that serves only to reflect back accounts of ‘close suffering’ and uncertainty to audiences, without any sense of hope, support or meaningful action.

Parenting a New Moral Panic: Anti-Queer Digital Activism and Reactionary Media Ecologies

This article looks at the appropriation of cancel-culture activism by anti-queer parental rights activists online. By examining their digitally mediated anti-queer rhetoric, this paper studies how these activists drive public outrage to promote cultural censorship. Surveying digital campaigns by Libs of TikTok and Moms for Liberty, this paper analyzes how their media amplifies “grooming” and “pedophilia” discourses to dynamize older anti-queer stereotypes. Drawing upon the language of child protectionism from 1970s educational debates, this mediated rhetoric demonstrates how anti-queer activists have appropriated the social justice origins of cancel-culture online. By using social media to frame conservative activists as marginalized, these campaigns invert the history of anti-LGBTQ+ media and educational environments to rationalize anti-LGBTQ+ censorship. By looking at how this rhetoric flows from social media into conservative TV journalism, this paper uncovers how this digital activism shapes a broader reactionary media ecology with corrosive democratic effects in the United States.

The Functions of Journalism in the Context of Professional Culture Through the Eyes of Russian Students Learning TV Journalism

In the context of global turbulence, the importance of journalists understanding their mission and motivation to implement the functions of the media as a social institution is growing. In this paper, attention is focused on the study of ideas about the functions of future television workers studying at the specialized department of the Faculty of Journalism of Lomonosov Moscow State University. The survey showed that students are primarily focused on the implementation of the traditional triad of functions: informational, entertainment and educational. The majority of respondents saw their major task as informing the audience, which they understood as the main and most important task of the media. The second most popular was the entertainment function, the importance of which the students have proved to be a feature of the modern media space, where news can be learned from digital media, while television is used for recreation and entertainment. As a priority, students also often referred to the cultural and educational function, which contributes to the development of both the individual and society. The study also demonstrated the growing attention of students to the function of public opinion management. The social value of investigative journalism and the importance of implementing the control function of the media were noted in several responses, but were not in demand. The respondents justified not only the importance of a managerial function, but also an entertainment, cultural and educational one, believing that journalists should help viewers distract from the agenda.

Topaloudi’s Legacy: Greek TV Journalism and Gender-Based Violence in the #MeToo Era

Topaloudi’s Legacy: Greek TV Journalism and Gender-Based Violence in the #MeToo Era

ЮТУБ – ЦЕ ТАКОЖ ТV: НОВІ КОНЦЕПТИ ТЕЛЕБАЧЕННЯ ТА РАДІОМОВЛЕННЯ В ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ МЕДІАСИСТЕМАХ

<p><strong><em>Research goals </em></strong><em>include the interpretation of the functional core of TV and radio broadcasting in global, and, primarily, Ukrainian media systems, the correctness of the interpretation of the terms «TV» and «radio broadcasting», which are fundamental for television and radio journalism, scientific and educational concepts.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology.</em></strong><em> Using the methods of survey, interview, and observation, the authors of the article establish a scientific foundation necessary for understanding that television and radio broadcasting is a unique content that is not duplicated by other media, platforms, services, or technologies unrelated to audiovisual, visual, and sound concepts. Additionally, any audiovisual product placed, for example, on YouTube can also be considered television or radio broadcasting.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> The article offers a professional perspective on the role and place of television and radio broadcasting as audiovisual media and arts in the modern information space. Specifically, it discusses that all linear or nonlinear audiovisual content created and transmitted over a distance using modern audiovisual signal delivery technologies (broadcast, satellite, cable, and online broadcasting) and capable of being received by subscribers/users through corresponding receivers or platforms: all of this constitutes television and radio broadcasting.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty.</em></strong><em> TV and radio broadcasting as types of audiovisual media are classic media concepts, which, like classics, cannot be «outdated», «antiquated», «traditional» and so on. Through different media technologies they are being developed, modernised, and new forms and formats for creating and publishing content are being found.</em></p><p><strong><em>Practical meaning.</em></strong><em> Video-sharing platforms such as YouTube, Vimeo, Facebook Live, Instagram Live, TikTok, and others may also be considered television and radio broadcasting due to the audiovisual content layout characteristic of these platforms, but these platforms are not media.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> TV, radio broadcasting, audiovisual content, audiovisual product, television and radio journalism.</em></p>

YAKUT TELEVISION IN USSR: FACTORS OF FORMATION, INFRASTRUCTURE, INFORMATION POLICY

The article considers the process of organization and development of television in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in USSR from the establishment of the fi rst TV studio to the collapse of the USSR (1961-1991). It is the fi rst attempt to describe the factors of the appearance of television, the organization of infrastructure and activities of a television studio in the national republic in the conditions of party-state policy. The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions, stages, features of the organization and development of Yakut television. Also we have a goal to determine the content and forms of information policy implementation in the Soviet period. To achieve the goal, empirical research methods were used: analysis of archival documents, statistical and literary sources, periodical materials.Basing on archival documents, we identifi ed three stages of technological development of regional television: the 1960s - material and technical base establishment, training, mastering television genres, techniques and technologies of live broadcasting; the 1970s‒1980s – infrastructure development, Union-wide centralized broadcasting network establishment, the emergence of satellite and color television, the introduction of video recording and linear installation, organization of belt broadcasting throughout the country; The late 1980s and early 1990s saw the abandonment of fi lm news technologies, the use of linear and nonlinear editing, and the testing of new video formats.In Soviet times, television employees were tasked with the ideological, political, cultural and aesthetic education of the population by promoting achievements in all areas of the country’s life. According to archival data, Yakut television sought to cover various socially signifi cant topics in the fi eld of foreign and domestic policy, labor achievements, history, culture, art, health and sports. The broadcast was conducted in Yakut and Russian. The main genres were news, reports and conversations in the studio. For 30 years, the creative teams of the TV studio have managed to create samples of serious TV journalism, art productions, documentaries and feature fi lms. During the years of “perestroika”, the Yakut TV Studio set a course to strengthen regional identity and form national culture.

A Middle Eastern style of mediatization of politics and conflicts: Were regional-domestic intersections considered?

This article examines the extent to which mediatization, as a western-centric metatheory central to an understanding of how the media logic comes to influence the political logic, applies to the study of non-western case studies. Considering the case of the 2006 Palestinian internal conflict (the split), the article examines the role of pan-Arab transnational satellite TV (PTSTV) journalism in covering the conflict’s trajectories. Building on primary qualitative data, gathered via semi-structured interviews with prominent stakeholders/insiders in the two parties and relevant sectors of news media and politics, the article explores the interplay between regional and Palestinian politics, evident in PTSTV’s coverage, and shows how available western-centred theoretical paradigms that draw on mediatization – in examining mediatized conflicts – fell short in examining such interplay for contextual, structural and sociocultural challenges in PTSTV’s operating milieu. Alternatively, the study inductively explored this interplay, overcoming the aforesaid contextual challenges, and provided evidence on how, with the lack of democratic principles in PTSTV’s operational milieu, structural/internal characteristics in these channels interacted with peripheral/external dimensions in their milieu and adversely affected their cultural dimension (coverage). PTSTV produced escalatory journalism that disseminated inflammatory content within a politically fractured culture, exacerbating the conflict and expanding the gap between the two rivals. This inductive approach in tracing the interplay – and its concurrent bargaining process – revealed five pivotal characteristics in PTSTV performance that are unique to those postulated in mediatization. They stand in this article as an authentic theoretical contribution that facilitated the handling of analytical challenges in the case study.

Manufacturing the ‘News Value’: How Pan-Arab Satellite TV Journalism Participated in Shaping the Palestinian Split

Objectives: The study aims at emphasizing the term ‘news value’, as one central concept in mediatised conflicts. It so aims at examining the role that pan-Arab satellite TV journalism (henceforth PASTV) might have played in shaping political processes while covering the Palestinian internal conflict (Palestinian split). The study explores the PASTV’s involvement in the conflict and how that was reflected in the conflict and its political trajectories.
 Methods: Considering the three major pan-Arab transnational Satellite TV (PASTV) channels; Al-Jazeera, Al-Arabiya, and Al-Mayadeen as case studies, the study draws on qualitative data generated through a non-probability, reputational snowball sample, of thirty semi-structured interviews with key Palestinian ‘insiders’ in the two sectors of news media and politics, for their insight on the issue of research and its interlaced dimensions.
 Results: Data analysis shows with evidence, how, in their sought to meet the interests of their financers of political powers, PASTV channels framed the news –in varied levels between them- to create/maximize the news value and attract public attention. PASTV aimed at creating public consonance with a local ally, also marketing fear from the ‘other’. While serving their financers, PASTV produced ‘instrumental journalism’, and participated in shaping Palestinian politics, and the perpetuation of conflict became a by-product.
 Conclusions: Considering the interventionist role that most PASTV channels played. It is recommended that PASTV journalism can play both an objective and constructive role, and foster reconciliation policy prescriptions.

Primetime Nationalism: Analysing Monologues on India’s Republic TV and Times Now During Indo-China Border Conflict

ABSTRACT Several studies exploring the sociology of news have identified and established a range of factors that influence journalism and shape media narratives. However, little has been known regarding the narrative construction in the English language broadcast media in India. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between (re)emerging right-wing nationalism and English language television journalism in India. A qualitative thematic discourse analysis was conducted on the monologues on Republic TV and Times Now’s primetime debates during the India–China border conflict, 2020. The study reports a major shift in the nature of TV journalism in India: far from being passive observers of right-wing nationalist ideology in the 1990s, TV journalists in contemporary India are acting as active participants in propagating them. The study complements existing works on sociology of news by demonstrating how journalism is shaped by dominant political sentiments.

TV Journalism under Martial Law

The purpose of the research is to analyze and investigate television journalism, the peculiarities of filming in the context of a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine; to reveal the specifics of conducting interviews with people affected by the actions of Russian military personnel, namely psychological aspects; to prove the importance of journalistic control over news content in information warfare. Research methodology.. During conducting the research, the following research methods have been used: analysis and synthesis (the work of television journalists in war zones, interviewing people affected by russian aggression, as well as the rules for controlling Russian propaganda content in the news have been analyzed), comparative method (parallels of the work in live broadcasting, shooting stories, writing and creating news content), generalization (specific conclusions have been formed on the basis of the studied collection of literature and video materials); systematization (all information that has been collected during scientific research is appropriately systematized). The scientific novelty of the results obtained is a detailed analysis of television journalism under martial law, particularly, the specifics of the work of television channels, information sites and social networks during Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The author reveals the correct interaction of the media with the viewer and the correctness of coverage and presentation of operational and relevant information in the mass media. Conclusions. The features of video filming in the context of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine have been studied, as well as the work of TV channels, information sites, social networks, and the interaction of the media with the viewer during martial law. The authors have analyzed interviews with victims of the Russian occupiers, in particular, psychological aspects; the importance of journalistic control of news content in the context of information warfare has been proven.

СПЕЦИФІКА ТА РІЗНОВИДИ КІНОСЮЖЕТІВ В СУЧАСНИХ ЗМІ

The specifics of visual electronic mass-media and their influence on public opinion formation are considered in the article. Thanks to their technical abilities visual electronic publications ensure so-called “presence effect” – recipient’s feeling of their involvement to what is happening on a TV screen, a monitor or a display and ability to empathize. The publication states that cinema and its means of expression as art form and human activity branch which can create moving images thanks to modern gadgets. Movie plots became an important visual part of a today media product. Their demand requires not only magnification of quantity indicators in the process of production, but also new approaches to improvement of such products quality, due to the fact that quantity of financial benefits from advertisers and TV channels rating indicators depend on movie plots popularity among the audience. The publication contains a brief review of research problems source base. The main definitions and characteristic features of movie plots as one of the most important elements of modern visual journalism are considered. Attention is paid to movie plots varieties in modern mass-media. Classification of movie plots according to different characteristics is made. Movie plots specific features and their production basic elements are analyzed. The article states that another feature of a qualitative movie plot is ability to create its scenario correctly and competently. Views of modern TV journalism theorists and practitioners on movie plots creation according to drama and stagecraft rules are reviewed. The summary emphasizes on professional aspects of preparation of journalists who would like to specialize in movie plots creation for modern mass-media. Using modern means of information transmission and visualization of events, phenomena and facts, it is possible to change the consciousness of the audience, propagandize political, cultural, social and moral values. But to do these qualitatively and to interest a potential audience journalists need to know the main points of drama, laws and rules of writing movie scripts and varieties and specifics of movie plots.

Students work on portrait TV stories in the context of European values

The article discusses the specifics of students’ work on portrait stories in practical and laboratory classes in TV journalism. The study of the peculiarities of creating materials in the stated genre is considered in the context of European integration processes within the media and education. The authors relied on theoretical research by scholars who focused on analyzing portrait interviews and television stories. The purpose of the study was to outline the technologies for creating one’s own media product in the context of European values, including respect for human dignity, freedom, as well as democracy. The scientific problem is considered in two dimensions. Firstly, future TV journalists themselves are guided by the values outlined above. Secondly, the characters in the TV stories «work» to strengthen and implement values by reflecting on topics from their personal and public lives. One of the authors’ tasks was to demonstrate a two-sided media production approach. Another task is to highlight the technologies of creating a portrait story in view of the challenges that require adaptation and reconsideration of the experience of the Ukrainian school of TV journalism. An important point in mastering the topic is to analyze the achievements of media professionals since the 1990s. A critical analysis of samples of portrait interviews and TV stories from different periods helps to comprehend the evolution of the genres. However, the value framework of media content during this period has been humanism. Therefore, it is primarily about direct articulation and focus on the values that unite the European community. Implementing the educational potential of television, students find and show heroes with whom the viewer already shares values or discovers new horizons in their worldview. The cooperation of students and teachers in its multi-stage nature covers the entire process of creating a portrait TV story, which is outlined in the article.

PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL COMBINATIONS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF KAZAKH TV JOURNALISM)

The purpose of the article is to identify ways of creating the most frequently used terminological combinations in Kazakh television journalism, the reasons for their non-compliance when translating them from Russian, alternative options, etc. At the same time, the analysis of linguistic problems arising in the process of translating suffixal term elements into Kazakh in the Russian language determines the relevance of the article. The article considers the following issues concerning the equivalents of Russian terminological combinations in the Kazakh language: the equivalent or translation of individual terms; suffix "-н + endings -ый/-ая/-ое", "-ск - suffix + endings -ий/-ая/-ое", "-о-в- suffix + endings - ый/-ая/-ое", "не - prefix + root + suffix -н-+ endings -ый/-ая/-ое", etc. When translating terminological combinations into the Kazakh language with different endings, each of them gets its own individual meaning, and the discrepancy between the terminological combinations used in Kazakh TV journalism with equivalents approved by the Republican Terminological Commission under the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, registered in the electronic database, is revealed "Termincom.kz", with translations presented in industry terminology dictionaries. In the field of television journalism, when determining the equivalent of terminological combinations, along with generalizing methods such as synthesis, induction, deduction, grouping, systematization, separate methods and techniques such as morphological transformation in translation, lexical and morphological calculus, as well as one of the research approaches of sociolinguistics - the survey method were widely used. In the survey conducted during the research, terms often used in the activities of television specialists were selected, representatives of the national and international media, specialists of the National Translation Bureau, researchers of research institutes engaged in translation activities took part in the survey.

Statistical analysis of the use of TV journalism terms

The article presents the analysis of the results of the survey among television specialists who speak the state language, determining the indicators of the professional use of the Kazakh language in the work and identifying the linguistic problems of the language of television journalism that are not taken into account, the state of the term use, the opinion of industry experts regarding the words entered from foreign languages. For this purpose, a voluntary questionnaire with the participation of television specialists was organized in the cities of Astana, Almaty, Shymkent and regional centers of the country. The questionnaire characterized by qualitative and quantitative analysis was developed as part of a comprehensive linguistic study to determine the main causes and consequences of pronunciation of terms, professional vocabulary during editing, shooting with an equivalent in the native language or words from a foreign language (Russian, English); the questionnaire helps to determine to what extent the Kazakh language is used in the process of work by professionals working in various positions, from cameramen to journalists, editors, producers, directors of state and commercial TV channels broadcasting only in Kazakh. The article analyzes the data of the questionnaire, in which professionals participated, and it formulates the reasons for the use of TV journalism terms in Russian and Kazakh.

Statistical analysis of the use of TV journalism terms

The article presents the analysis of the results of the survey among television specialists who speak the state language, determining the indicators of the professional use of the Kazakh language in the work and identifying the linguistic problems of the language of television journalism that are not taken into account, the state of the term use, the opinion of industry experts regarding the words entered from foreign languages. For this purpose, a voluntary questionnaire with the participation of television specialists was organized in the cities of Astana, Almaty, Shymkent and regional centers of the country. The questionnaire characterized by qualitative and quantitative analysis was developed as part of a comprehensive linguistic study to determine the main causes and consequences of pronunciation of terms, professional vocabulary during editing, shooting with an equivalent in the native language or words from a foreign language (Russian, English); the questionnaire helps to determine to what extent the Kazakh language is used in the process of work by professionals working in various positions, from cameramen to journalists, editors, producers, directors of state and commercial TV channels broadcasting only in Kazakh. The article analyzes the data of the questionnaire, in which professionals participated, and it formulates the reasons for the use of TV journalism terms in Russian and Kazakh.

Профессиональные компетенции тележурналиста в оценке работодателей: региональные аспекты (на примере Республики Бурятия)

The article is a study of the key professional competencies of TV journalism graduates based on identifying the needs of employers of television media in the Republic of Buryatia, as well as professional standards that correspond to the professional activities of graduates. The study of this problem is caused by a number of reasons. Firstly, the technological, social, economic, and other transformations taking place in the entire media industry require rethinking of the professional competencies of graduate journalists formed by domestic universities. This is especially important for television journalism, since television still retains its status as the main source of information for the majority of Russian households. Secondly, the educational programs of higher educational institutions in our country implement a competency-based approach, and one of its priority tasks involves identifying the needs of the labor market. And finally, thirdly, the analysis of various sources of information showed insufficient study of the issue of professional training of graduates in the media industry, where the object of research is the requirements of employers to the professional competences of TV journalists. Close attention was paid to theoretical and empirical research in this area among local scientists. The method of empirical research was an expert survey. The experts were the editors-in-chief of the leading television media of the Republic of Buryatia. The methodology of the study of professional competencies of a television journalist was based on the professional standards of a television program host, correspondent and media editor approved by the Ministry of Labor and Social Relations of the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, a rating of professional competencies of a television journalist in the region under study was compiled. Key competencies were identified, as well as the competencies of “outsiders” on the level of television media editors, television presenters and media correspondents.

Performing the disaster genre? TV journalism, disruptive factors and community challenges in the reporting of the UK Grenfell Tower block fire

News coverage of national disasters holds the potential to evoke unique moral sentiments and political reactions. Often, however, we learn that the common use of elite political actors’ consensual commentary by journalists serves to politically appropriate such events or render mute their potential. This paper explores a challenge to this observed authority skew in the performance of TV journalism (BBC, ITN, Channel 4 and Channel 5) while covering the aftermath of the Grenfell Tower block fire. The analysed reporting shows that the presence of (i) disruptive geography (ii) disruptive expertise and (iii) disruptive commentary challenge the reproduction of a traditional ‘reporting template’ and its inscribed authority skew. Combined, such ‘disruptive factors’, it is reasoned, enable opportunities for challenger voices to appear in number, and therein direct criticisms of both neglect and inaction and even to reflect on the state, race and poverty and incite thereafter an elite political apology.

Call for Manuscripts Focused on New Developments in International Radio, TV, and Mobile Journalism

Call for Manuscripts Focused on New Developments in International Radio, TV, and Mobile Journalism

Research on the Upgrading Strategy of TV Journalism in the Context of Integrated Media

The appearance of the integrated media environment has brought opportunities and challenges to traditional media. How to move forward in the era of integrated media is a question worthy of consideration by media workers and media educators. This paper takes the advantages and disadvantages of television journalism development in the era of integrated media as an entry point, and analyses strategies for the transformation and upgrading of TV journalism in the direction of process reengineering, communication subjects and journalism education, in order to provide valuable strategies for the transformation and upgrading of TV journalism.

A Mediatised Conflict: The Mediatisation of Palestinian Split in Pan-Arab Transnational Satellite TV Journalism

This paper explores the behind the scenes interplay between regional and Palestinian political actors through pan-Arab transnational satellite TV (PASTV) news media, during the Palestinian internal conflict sparked in 2007 between Fatah and Hamas. Primary focus is on the influential role played by PASTV journalism in shaping Palestinian political decision-making process during this interplay. The interplay between politics and news media forms the core discussion in the theory of ‘mediatisation’, which -informs the theoretical framework in this paper, also refers to such interplay as a struggle between ‘political logic’ and ‘news media logic’. Such a struggle reflects the difference between "neutral" and "participant" journalism, and how that might influence political processes and political culture. The paper examines, from an informant’s perspective, how such transnational political communication took place, also the aims each political player attempted to achieve through the mediated reality shaped in PASTV journalism. The paper demonstrates with evidence how the role played by PASTV journalism was not an accidental occurrence, but an extension of their regional financers’ interests in the conflict. While trying to reinforce the political clout of their Palestinian ally and maximize public sympathy towards his position, the exacerbation and perpetuation of the split become consequences.