Turn Point Research Articles

Electromyographic and Systemic Physiological Thresholds in Single-Joint Elbow Flexion Movements.

Reported relationships between electromyographic (EMG) thresholds and systemic thresholds based on lactate, ventilation, or heart rate are contradictory. This might be related to the complexity of the investigated whole-body movements involving many muscles with different activation patterns. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate these relationships during an incremental single-joint exercise. Eighteen male subjects (29.7 [4.4]y) performed single-arm elbow flexions on a biceps curl machine with loads increasing every minute until exhaustion. EMG signals of the main elbow flexors (short and long head of the biceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis, and brachioradialis) as well as gas exchange variables, blood lactate concentration, and heart rate were measured, and 2 turn points based on a 3-phase model of metabolism were determined for each variable. The first and second turn points for EMG were determined at 32.0% to 33.1% and 64.4% to 66.5% of maximal achieved performance (maximum weight), respectively. Systemic turn points were determined at 33.3% to 34.4% and 65.9% to 66.7% of maximum weight and were not significantly different from EMG turn points. Furthermore, systemic and EMG turn points showed a strong or very strong relationship at the first (ρ = .54-.93, P < .05) and second turn point (ρ = .76-.93, P < .01). A close relationship between EMG and systemic turn points could be confirmed for the applied movement of a small muscle group. The determination of local single muscle thresholds using EMG provides additional muscle-specific information about performance-limiting properties of muscles involved in endurance-type incremental exercise.

Exercise duration: Independent effects on acute physiologic responses and the need for an individualized prescription.

An individualization of exercise prescription is implemented mainly in terms of intensity but not for duration. To survey the need for an individualized exercise duration prescription, we investigated acute physiologic responses during constant‐load exercise of maximal duration (t max) and determined so‐called duration thresholds. Differences between absolute (min) and relative terms (% t max) of exercise duration were analyzed. Healthy young and trained male and female participants (n = 11) performed an incremental exercise test and one t max constant‐load exercise test at a target intensity of 10% of maximal power output below the second lactate turn point (LTP2). Blood lactate, heart rate, and spirometric data were measured during all tests. t max was markedly different across subjects (69.6 ± 14.8 min; range: 40–90 min). However, distinct duration phases separated by duration thresholds (DTh) were found in most measured variables. These duration thresholds (except DTh1) were significantly related to t max (DTh2: r 2 = 0.90, p < 0.0001; DTh3: r 2 = 0.98, p < 0.0001) and showed substantial interindividual differences if expressed in absolute terms (DTh2: 24.8 ± 6.0 min; DTh3: 47.4 ± 10.6 min) but not in relative terms (DTh2: 35.4 ± 2.7% t max; DTh3: 67.9 ± 2.4% t max). Our data showed that (1) maximal duration was individually different despite the same relative intensity, (2) duration thresholds that were related to t max could be determined in most measured variables, and (3) duration thresholds were comparable between subjects if expressed in relative terms. We therefore conclude that duration needs to be concerned as an independent variable of exercise prescription.

Dispersive MUSIC algorithm for Lamb wave phased array

By controlling the excitation time delay on each element, the conventional phased array can physically focus signals transmitted by different elements on a desired point in turn. An alternative and time-saving strategy is that every element takes turns to transmit the excitation and the remaining elements receive the corresponding response signals, which is known as the full matrix capture (FMC) method for data acquisition, and then let the signals virtually focus on every desired point by post-processing technique. In this study, based on the FMC, a dispersive multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm for Lamb wave phased array is developed to locate defects. The virtual time reversal is implemented to back propagate the wave packets corresponding to the desired focusing point and a window function is adopted to adaptively isolate the desired packets from the other components. Then those wave packets are forward propagated to the original focusing point at a constant velocity. For every potential focusing point and all receivers, the virtual array focuses the signals from all transmitters so as to obtain the focusing signals. The MUSIC algorithm with the obtained focusing signals is adopted to achieve Lamb wave imaging. Benefiting from the post-processing operations, the baseline subtraction as well as the estimation for the number of the scattering sources is no longer required in the proposed algorithm. Experiments on an aluminum plate with three artificial defects and a compact circular PZT array are implemented and the results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.

Protector and friend: Turning points and discursive constructions of the stepparent role

AbstractObjectiveTo understand turning points (TPs) in the development of positive stepparent–stepchild communication and relationships.BackgroundScholars stress the importance of communication in co‐constructing healthy stepparent–stepchild relationships. The researchers focused on positive stepparenting via understanding transformational turning point (TP) events across time. Research questions explored how stepparents with an overall positive relationship with a stepchild characterize TPs and the discursive constructions of the stepparent role.MethodThe team analyzed 877 pages of data from 37 in‐depth interviews with stepparents who described self‐identified TP events, reflected in visual graphs of 279 TPs.ResultsData were coded into 11 TP types, focused on structural and role changes for stepparents, co‐constructed over time. The top three TP types were changes in household composition, communicating support through offering protection and being present/available, and role change, most frequently by functioning as a parent versus friend. All the TPs highlight discursive work to forge positive stepparenting roles.ConclusionsThe findings extend earlier studies of stepchildren's experiences and communication practices that ground resilience to manage relational resources through investments of quality time and enactment of social support.ImplicationsApplications suggest support for stepparents to have quality interactions with stepchildren and training to develop healthy communication practices and facilitate resilience.

IRANIAN DIGITAL DIPLOMACY TOWARDS CHINA: 2019 AS A TURNING POINT

Digital diplomacy is an efficient tool for building close relationships between countries, especially when it comes to people-to-people diplomacy (P2P). This article aims to explore how the Iranian embassy in Beijing uses Chinese social media and reveals the motivations and changes in its behaviour. The main finding was that 2019 was a turning point; before 2019, the embassy messages were more informative without targeting specifically its Chinese audience, and since 2019 the messages have been showing deeper understating the local discourse and, therefore, have been more tailored for its Chinese audience. The main reasons for that were the place of Iran in the China-US trade war, the role of the EU in uplifting Iran's status in the international community, and the Ambassadors' characteristics and background, which switched at the end of 2018.

Major Prophets

Major Prophets Christopher T. Begg, Thomas Hieke, Fred W. Guyette, William J. Urbrock, and Brian J. Meldrum Christopher T. Begg Catholic University of America Thomas Hieke Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Fred W. Guyette Erskine College and Seminary William J. Urbrock University of Wisconsin Oshkosh Brian J. Meldrum Catholic University of America 596. [Prophetic Texts from the Hellenistic Period?] Hervé Gonzalez, "No Prophetic Texts from the Hellenistic Period: Philological and Historical Observations on the Writing of Prophecy in Early Hellenistic Judea," Times of Transition, 293-340 [see #787]. G. contends in this essay that certain textual units in the corpus of late prophets date from the Hellenistic period. In his opinion, the general view that the prophetic corpus had been completed already in Persian times assumes a clear-cut distinction between the time when a given book was composed and its subsequent transmission. G., for his part, adduces various methodological, philological, and historical arguments to challenge this assumption. In particular, the ancient manuscript witnesses (the DSS and the OG and OL translations) show that the prophetic figures remained fluid until late in the Hellenistic period—if not right up to the very end of the Second Temple period. Against this background, G. therefore claims that we cannot rule out the possibility that certain textual units were in fact composed in the late 4th or the 3rd cent. b.c.e. Admittedly, the prophetic books contain few—if any—explicit allusions to the Hellenistic period, but this may be the result of the compositional techniques used in accordance with which the prophetic books were revised and expanded in early Hellenistic times, via use of terms and motifs borrowed from other segments in those same texts, or other corpora, primarily the Pentateuch and the Psalms. This system of composition points in turn to the desire on the part of the late scribes in question to assert the continuity between the new sections and their textual context, thus maintaining the apparent antiquity of the prophetic traditions. Claims that prophets ceased to exist in Israel after Persian times, such those found in Zech 13:2-6 and Mal 3:22-24 arguably fulfilled a similar function. [Adapted from published abstract—C.T.B.] Google Scholar 597. [The Orality of Writing Prophecy; Joel 1–2] Helmut Utzschneider, "Die Mündlichkeit der biblischen Schriftprophetie: Versuch einer Bestandaufnahme," Scribes as Sages and Prophets, 33-64 [see #792]. In his essay, U. makes reference to an element of David Carr's presentation of the tradition of ancient Israel in which Carr, affirming the perspective of the "new orality school," holds that the difference between oral and written transmission has been overestimated by past scholars. The scribes learned most of their literary texts by heart and could write them from memory. This recognition opens up the possibility of understanding prophetic texts as dramatic texts. U. illustrates the benefits of such an approach with an exegesis of Joel 1 and 2. [Adapted from editor's introduction—C.T.B.] Google Scholar 598. [Prophecy and Formation] Micha Brumlik, "Prophetie und Bildung," JBTh 35 (2020) 65-74. The Hebrew Bible does not know a term equivalent to the German word "Bildung." Nevertheless, it is possible to describe the contours of such formation precisely with regard to the prophets. Isaiah and Amos can be cited as examples. In the background of all this is the insight that Judaism is grounded in a living culture of teaching and learning. The "Shema Israel" is of special importance in this context. The order in Israel's declaration "We will do it and then listen" (Exod 24:3) is of groundbreaking significance for Jewish learning practice. This can also be seen as a Leitmotif from the prophetic ethics of action, [End Page 203] from which a prophetic understanding of "Bildung" can be derived. The rabbinical understanding of "Bildung" as an insight into the inevitability of one's own positionality represents a further development of this prophetic approach. See also ##548, 688, 699. [Adapted from published abstract—T.H.] Google Scholar 599. [Nature in OT Prophecy] Konrad Schmid, "Die Natur und ihre Ordnungen in der Prophetie," JBTh 34 (2019) 49...

Research on reverse identification algorithm of indoor pollution source based on machine learning

Indoor sudden pollutant leakage brings environmental pollution and occupational exposure, so it is more and more important to obtain the location and identification of leakage sources. Through the forward method based on machine learning, this paper establishes a reverse traceability model for indoor multiple pollution sources. The POD method is used to obtain a large number of intermediate working condition data. The data pre-processing strategy of first normalization and then random forest feature screening can effectively improve the accuracy and generalization ability of the model. Based on a real environmental room case, model verification and sensor deployment optimization are carried out. The results show that the four sensors deployed in a specific location can achieve more than 95% positioning accuracy. In addition, the leakage possibility ranking component embedded in the model can effectively guide the staff to check the leakage points in turn, and the efficiency of three checks is as high as 99.91%.

Poza antropocentryzm. Funkcje drugoosobowej zoonarracji w powieści Szczur Andrzeja Zaniewskiego

This paper presents a correlation between second-person narration and the more-than-hu­man perspectivity in animal narratives. The analysis focuses on representations of “you” nar­ration in Andrzej Zaniewski’s novel Rat, published for the first time in 1995. “Rat-centric” fiction, as Marco Caracciolo describes it, talks about various experiences of the title animal. Although the dominant diegetic form in the novel is the first-person narrative, the appearing parts of the text told from a second-person point of view turn out to be a significant element of a non-anthropocentric perspective. Considering the influence of form on the posthuman message, the paper is based on research in the field of animal studies and contemporary nar­ratology, including, among others, Irene Kacandes’s “literary performative”, David Herman’s “double deixis” or Dominique Lestel’s “thinking with fur”. In this article, I propose to dis­tinguish three functions of the second-person narrative in Rat: immersive, empathetic and identity roles. The immersive function participates in adapting a sensorimotor repertoire to the intersubjective perception of the non-human world. The second of them, the empathetic function, by bonding the human narratee with the animal character, opens a possibility of embodied co-experience and verification of anthropocentric norms. The third, identity func­tion, participates in (de)constructing the rat selfhood. Findings of the proposed perspective of second-person zoonarration sheds new light on its formal opportunities for creating post­human agency, thinking, and storytelling.

黄土高原苹果园蒸腾导度大气驱动规律比较

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 黄土高原苹果园蒸腾导度大气驱动规律比较 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202109092548 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（CAFYBB2020ZB007）；国家自然科学基金（32071836）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0501704） Laws of transpiration conductance variables driven by atmospheric were compared in apple orchards on the Loess Plateau Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:植物蒸腾导度是表征土壤-植物-大气连续体（SPAC）中植物-大气间水汽传导过程、反映植物水分调控能力的一类重要变量，常见有冠层导度（Gc）、冠层气孔导度（Gs）与叶片气孔导度（gs），明确三者在反映冠层蒸腾过程时的异同或关联性对于理解植物水分利用机制具有重要意义。本研究基于对黄土高原果园苹果树生长季内树干液流（Js）及环境因子的连续观测，计算了Gc、Gs及脱耦联系数（Ω）等变量，并与短期连续观测的叶片气孔导度（gs）比较，分析了Gc、Gs和gs在反映冠层蒸腾特征方面的异同及其关系。结果表明，日变化过程中Gs、gs呈"单峰"型曲线，而Gc则呈"先增后减，午后抬升"的"双峰"型曲线。gs与Gs存在较紧密的线性关系（R2=0.80），但与Gc的线性关系较弱（R2=0.02）。Gc、Gs均随大气水汽压亏缺（VPD）的变化呈现确定的规律，其中，上边界函数呈递减的对数函数关系，平均值则符合先增后减的Log-Normal函数关系（R2>0.95），拐点对应的VPD值分别为1.33和1.16 kPa。在一日内，Gs对VPD变化的响应过程与gs对VPDL （基于叶片温度计算的水汽压亏缺）变化的响应过程总体一致，其一致性高于Gc对VPD变化的响应。整个生长季（4-10月）中果树的Ω平均值为0.12，随着Ω递减，Gc与Gs的线性相关性愈趋紧密，其斜率呈递增趋势，Gc越来越趋近于Gs。研究结果表明，在北方地区，基于树干液流的监测能较准确的推导整株并估算林分的冠层蒸腾导度。与实测gs的变化过程比较，Gs比Gc具有更高的一致性，Gs可以作为描述苹果树水分利用过程响应大气驱动的更为恰当的变量。 Abstract:Plant transpiration conductance variables, including canopy conductance(Gc), canopy stomatal conductance(Gs) and leaf stomatal conductance(gs), were able to characterize quantitatively the vapor transmission process between plant and atmosphere in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) and to reflect the water regulation ability of plants. It was very important to discriminate the similarities and differences between the three factors mentioned above in reflecting the process of plant water use and the correlation among them for figuring out mechanism of plant water use. Based on the continuous observation of apple trees sap flow velocity (Js) and environmental factors during the growing season on the Loess Plateau, Gc, Gs and decoupling coefficient (Ω) were calculated and compared with the gs measured continuously for a few sunny days in field, and the relationships between Gc, Gs and gs and the similarities and differences of them in estimating canopy transpiration rate were analyzed. Results showed that diurnal courses of Gs and gs showed a "unimodal" curve while that of Gc showed a "bimodal" curve that was increase followed by decrease and recovered slightly in the afternoon. The linear relationship between Gs and gs was close (R2=0.80) while that of Gc and gs was weak (R2=0.02). Gc or Gs varied with vapor pressure deficit (VPD) were clear with the upper boundary function of decreasing logarithmic function while the relationship between means of that and VPD could be fitted well by Log-Normal function of first increase and then decrease (R2>0.95). The means of Gc and Gs varied with VPD showed turn points at 1.33 and 1.16 kPa, respectively. In daytime, the response process of Gs to VPD was consistent with that of gs to VPDL (vapor pressure deficit calculated based on leaf surface temperature), and the consistency was higher than that of Gc to VPD. In the whole growing season (from April to October), the average Ω was 0.12. Gc linear correlated with Gs and the fitted line slope increased gradually with the decrease of Ω, which meant that Gc was close to Gs gradually. The results of research showed that canopy transpiration conductance of an individual or stand can be estimated accurately based on the sap flow in the northern China. Compared with the diurnal course of gs measured in field, Gs was more consistent with the gs than Gc. Gs was a more appropriate variable to reflect the response of apple trees water use process to atmospheric driving. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

P–672 Higher pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing embryo transfer-under hormonal replacement therapy where an individualised Progesterone supplementation was applied on the day of β-hCG

Abstract Study question Does progesterone-supplementation (PS) from the day of β-hCG assessment improve pregnancy rates in embryo transfer-under hormonal replacement therapy (ET-HRT) in patient with Progesterone (P)&amp;lt;10.6 ng/mL? Summary answer Reduced P on the β-hCG day is associated with lower pregnancy-rates and higher miscarriage-rate. PS from the same day showed significant increase of reproductive outcomes. What is known already Up until now, in ART, very little has been done to understand whether the P intake should be personalized during the luteal phase. Most recent studies on the topic showed that low P levels on the day of ET-HRT or on the day before are associated with decreased pregnancy rates; however, when low P values are supplemented from the day before embryo-transfer (ET), similar results to cases with adequate P are reported. Nevertheless, little is known about the association between low P level, on the day of β-hCG (P- β-hCG) and PS from this day in ET-HRT, and pregnancy outcomes. Study design, size, duration This is a single centre, cohort, retrospective study conducted at a university-affiliated fertility centre between January 2018 and June 2020 where PS took place from the day of positive β-hCG determination when P &amp;lt; 10.6 ng/mL. In total 789 ET-HRT cycles were analysed of which 239 were performed in both fresh and frozen heterologous ET-HRT (het-ET), 336 in homologous ET-HRT (hom-FET) and 214 in euploid ET-HRT (eu-FET) after preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies IVF cycles (PGT-A). Participants/materials, setting, methods Women undergoing ET-HRT with normal P (&amp;gt;10.6ng/mL) on the day before ET were screened for P on the day of β-hCG. All women received vaginal P 200 mg/8 hours for the second part of HRT. PS was performed by adding P to the HRT when P- β-hCG was considered low (&amp;lt;10.6 ng/mL). Primary outcome: ongoing-pregnancy-rate (OPR); secondary outcome: miscarriage-rate (MR). Both were evaluated by considering PS on the day of β-hCG as a categorical variable. Main results and the role of chance Patients characteristics were comparable between groups (het-ET, hom-FET and eu-FET) although significantly lower body mass index was found when P- β-hCG&amp;gt;10.6 ng/mL compared to the subgroup with P- β-hCG&amp;lt;10.6 ng/mL and no PS (p = 0.012). Overall clinical pregnancy rate was 52.1% with no-significant differences between groups (48.5% in het-ET, 52.9% in hom-FET and 54.7% in eu-FET). P- β-hCG was considered as adequate in 75.7% (311/411) ET-HRT with positive β-hCG and low in 24.3% (100/411), with no differences between groups. In case of positive β-hCG and P- β-hCG &amp;gt;10.6 ng/mL, OPR was 83.6% and MR was 16.4%, with no-significant differences between groups. Among the 100 low P- β-hCG, 80 ET-HRT received PS. In this subgroup OPR was 96.2% and MR was 3.8%, with no-significant differences between groups. In 20 out of 100 ET with P- β-hCG &amp;lt;10.6 ng/mL, no PS was added for different reasons. This group showed the lowest OPR (30%) and the highest MR (70%), again with no between-group differences according to het-ET, hom-FET or eu-FET. Miscarriage rate was significantly higher (p &amp;lt; 0.001) when P- β-hCG was &amp;lt;10.6 ng/mL and no PS was added to HRT compared to P- β-hCG &amp;lt;10.6 ng/mL but with PS, and also compared to the P- β-hCG &amp;gt;10.6 ng/mL group. Limitations, reasons for caution The main limitation of the study is due to its retrospective nature and the small sample of patients with P- β-hCG&amp;lt;10.6 ng/mL that was not supplemented. Furthermore, the cut-off of P- β-hCG was arbitrarily decided upon previous studies, and lastly different routes of administration were considered for the PS. Wider implications of the findings: The results of this study showed that individualization of Progesterone supplementation in ET-HRT may be a crucial turn point in order to increase the pregnancy rates and decrease the miscarriage rates. An adequate PS should be considered in case of low P- β-hCG levels for both het-ET, hom-FET and eu-FET. Trial registration number Not applicable

Loneliness, Love, and the Limits of Language

AbstractIn this article, we illuminate the affective phenomenon of loneliness by exploring the question of how it relates to love and other forms of friendship. We reflect in particular on the question of how different forms of loneliness are relevant to human existence. Distinguishing three forms of loneliness, we first introduce two border cases of loneliness: unfelt loneliness in which one’s individuality is denied and one therefore cannot feel lonely; and existential loneliness in which the possibility of intimacy and existential communication are denied and one therefore cannot but feel lonely. We then turn to loneliness that occurs within intimate friendships—even the most intimate ones. In our analysis, we pay attention especially to the role of communication. In order to do so, we repeatedly turn to poetic expressions of loneliness. We argue that loneliness cannot reflect only the absence or partial failure of communication but also the inherent limits of communication. These limits in turn point back to the nature of human existence and love itself.

How development sculpts hippocampal circuits and function.

In mammals, the selective transformation of transient experience into stored memory occurs in the hippocampus, which develops representations of specific events in the context in which they occur. In this review, we focus on the development of hippocampal circuits and the self-organized dynamics embedded within them since the latter critically support the role of the hippocampus in learning and memory. We first discuss evidence that adult hippocampal cells and circuits are sculpted by development as early as during embryonic neurogenesis. We argue that these primary developmental programs provide a scaffold onto which later experience of the external world can be grafted. Next, we review the different sequences in the development of hippocampal cells and circuits at anatomical and functional levels. We cover a period extending from neurogenesis and migration to the appearance of phenotypic diversity within hippocampal cells and their wiring into functional networks. We describe the progressive emergence of network dynamics in the hippocampus, from sensorimotor-driven early sharp waves to sequences of place cells tracking relational information. We outline the critical turn points and discontinuities in that developmental journey, and close by formulating open questions. We propose that rewinding the process of hippocampal development helps understand the main organization principles of memory circuits.

Damages for reputational harm: can privacy actions tread on defamation’s turf?

ABSTRACT In four recent cases, the High Court of England and Wales has had to consider whether damages for reputational harm can be recovered in a claim for misuse of private information (‘MOPI’). This is an important issue which sharpens focus on the precise boundaries between privacy and defamation law. And yet it is a question on which the court is currently divided, with different judges coming to different conclusions on whether, and on what basis, reputational harm damages can be awarded in a privacy claim. This article argues that the key to resolving this issue is to better understand: (1) the precise interests protected by defamation and MOPI; and (2) how the interests protected by each tort are tied to the available heads of damage. Unpacking these points in turn, the article explains why damages for reputational harm should be restricted to defamation and be unavailable in a MOPI claim.

하이컷 축구화가 발목 안정성과 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to research how the existence of a collar, an ankle protection form of football shoes, affects the stability of ankles during landing motions and direction change motions during running, and the differences between them. Because the amount of impact received from the ground is different depending on the type, shape, number, and distribution of the studs of the football shoes during the landing motion, the football shoes used in the experiment were selected as similar models for each size. In order to achieve the research objectives, there are no injuries to the body such as the pelvis and waist, including the ankle joint, knee joint, and lower extremity muscles within the last 3 months, and there are no chronic injuries, and 10 college students who get involved university soccer club. These subjects wore high-cut football shoes with the design of the shoes covered their ankles, jumped after two steps, performed a motion to land naturally after heading an aerial ball, and then performed the same with regular football shoes. Ankle rotation, flexion, inversion and knee flexion angle were measured. The direction change motion is a running motion that runs from the starting line and returns to the first turn point after two 45-degree turn motions. Likewise, when wearing high-cut football shoes and wearing regular football shoes, the acceleration of the center of the body was measured. Based on each measurement, emphasis was placed on comparing when wearing high-cut football shoes and wearing regular football shoes. The kinematic variable analyzed in this study was the change angle of the ankle. Inertial sensor IMU was used to measure the variable, MR v3.8.3 was used for the analysis program, and SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical processing of the result data. As a result of this study, the difference between knee and ankle angles and body acceleration was not significant when wearing high-cut football shoes and regular football shoes, so the ankle collar of high-cut football shoes do not significantly affect ankle stability and motional performance compared to regular football shoes.

Economic Modeling of Profit Distribution with Cost and Quantity &amp; Technology on Wheel Hub Pressing in Dongyue Maker

With the increasing labor quantity the profit may increase after a certain quantity, which means the deficit will be substituted by the benefit in forge process of hub. So that through turnover to be established the benefit may be formed after turn point. Detail value is needed to calculate the field according to the curves between them. The TC and AC is the first factor to consider and then AVC and AFC which is second factor. The profit point has one piece when labor is constant. That means that in the scope of this field the profit may be available. When the labor and capital inclines the total cost will incline. Average cost is no proportion to total cost. With increasing stress and diameter the force may increase.

Learning curve of robotic distal and total gastrectomy.

This study aims to assess the learning curve of robotic distal gastrectomy (RDG) and robotic total gastrectomy (RTG) for gastric cancer. Data on consecutive patients who underwent robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer by five surgeons between March 2010 and August 2019 at two high-volume institutions were collected. The learning curve was determined based on the analyses of operation time and postoperative complications within 30 days. Cumulative sum analysis (CUSUM) and risk-adjusted-CUSUM (RA-CUSUM) were applied to identify the turning points (TPs). A total of 899 consecutive patients were included. The mean number of patients needed to overcome the learning curve for operation time of RDG and RTG were 22 and 20, respectively. The number of patients needed to overcome the learning curve for postoperative complications after RDG and RTG were 23 and 18, respectively. The surgical outcomes in the post-TP group were better than in the pre-TP group and improved as surgeons' experience increased. Also, increased case numbers in RDG promoted the RTG learning process. The present study demonstrated a substantial influence of surgical cumulative volume on improved surgical outcomes in robotic gastrectomy. Increased experience in RDG may help surgeons to achieve proficiency faster in RTG.

Movie Summarization via Sparse Graph Construction

We summarize full-length movies by creating shorter videos containing their most informative scenes. We explore the hypothesis that a summary can be created by assembling scenes which are turning points (TPs), i.e., key events in a movie that describe its storyline. We propose a model that identifies TP scenes by building a sparse movie graph that represents relations between scenes and is constructed using multimodal information. According to human judges, the summaries created by our approach are more informative and complete, and receive higher ratings, than the outputs of sequence-based models and general-purpose summarization algorithms. The induced graphs are interpretable, displaying different topology for different movie genres.

Efficient anaerobic bioremediation of high-concentration benzo[a]pyrene in marine environments

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a persistent organic pollutant that may accumulate in sea sediments after oil spill or BaP chemical leakage accidents, considerably harms marine ecosystems and human health. Previous studies have been predominantly focused on its degradation at low concentrations, while the remediation of BaP pollution with high concentrations was neglected. Additionally, the metabolic pathways associated with its anaerobic degradation remain unclear. As a first attempt, super-efficient systems for BaP anaerobic degradation were established, and the corresponding metabolic pathways were elucidated in this study. The results showed that the BaP removal rate in BaP-only system with initial concentrations of 200 mg/L reached 3.09 mg/(L·d) within 45 days. Co-solvent, acetone promoted anaerobic BaP degradation (4.252 mg/(L·d)), while dichloromethane showed a newly-discovered co-metabolic effect. In the system with 500 mg/L of BaP and dichloromethane addition, the removal rate increased drastically (14.64 mg/(L·d)) at 400 mg/L turn point of BaP. Additionally, the corresponding microbial community-level metabolic network was firstly proposed.

Middle aged turn point in parameters of oxidative stress and glucose catabolism in mouse cerebellum during lifespan: minor effects of every-other-day fasting.

The cerebellum is considered to develop aging markers more slowly than other parts of the brain. Intensification of free radical processes and compromised bioenergetics, critical hallmarks of normal brain aging, may be slowed down by caloric restriction. This study aimed to evaluate the intensity of oxidative stress and the enzymatic potential to utilize glucose via glycolysis or the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in the cerebellum of mice under ad libitum versus every-other-day fasting (EODF) feeding regimens. Levels of lipid peroxides, activities of antioxidant and key glycolytic and PPP enzymes were measured in young (6-month), middle-aged (12-month) and old (18-month) C57BL/6J mice. The cerebellum showed the most dramatic increase in lipid peroxide levels, antioxidant capacity and PPP key enzyme activities and the sharpest decline in the activities of key glycolytic enzymes under transition from young to middle age but these changes slowed when transiting from middle to old age. A decrease in the activity of the key glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase was accompanied by a concomitant increase in the activities of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), which may suggest that during normal cerebellar aging glucose metabolism shifts from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway. The data indicate that intensification of free radical processes in the cerebellum occurred by middle age and that activation of the PPP together with increased antioxidant capacity can help to resist these changes into old age. However, the EODF regime did not significantly modulate or alleviate any of the metabolic processes studied in this analysis of the aging cerebellum.

Slowdown and reversal of terrestrial near-surface wind speed and its future changes over eastern China

A recovery of near-surface wind speed (SWS) in the last decade has been reported over China; nevertheless, the contributions of large-scale ocean-atmosphere circulations (LOACs) to the SWS changes are rarely investigated. In this study, the turning point (TP) of the terrestrial stilling was validated over eastern China for 1979–2017. Furthermore, a forward stepwise regression algorithm was used to assess the contribution of LOACs to SWS changes. The results revealed that the TP of the SWS reversal occurred in approximately 2011 during the study period. Mean annual and seasonal SWSs exhibited decreases before the TP, with the largest decrease in spring (–0.134 ± 0.014 m s−1 decade−1), while SWSs increased after the TP, most strongly in autumn (0.377 ± 0.053 m s−1 decade−1). The SWS decrease before the TP and increase after the TP were caused by the decreasing and increasing frequencies of strong windy days (>75th percentile of SWS), respectively. The effects of LOACs on the long-term changes of SWS were pronounced. The contributions of LOACs to the decreasing and increasing trends of SWSs were >60.0%, with the exception of autumn. The projected SWSs exhibited increases in the near-term (2021–2040) for the low-emission scenarios (e.g. Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 245). For the mid-term and long-term projections, the SWSs still displayed a downward trend, which was mainly attributed to the reduction of strong windy days. Consequently, the present SWS recovery in the recent decade may be only expected to last for a short amount of time before winds start decreasing again.