Turkish Translation Research Articles

COMPARISON OF NAME CASE SUFFIXES IN TURKISH AND ENGLISH IN THE STORY OF THE MYSTERY OF THE ISLAND

In this study, titled Comparison of Noun Case Suffixes in Turkish and English in the Stories of the Mystery of the Island translated into Turkish, all the noun case suffixes used in the Turkish translated texts of the aforementioned stories were determined and analyzed one by one in Turkish and English in a comparative way. Among the stories written, simplified stories with Turkish translation titled "The mystery of the island" were emphasized and examined. Each of the aforementioned stories is divided into several chapters. There is a Turkish translation of the book next to each English page. Considering the volume of the work, s for the word page, followed by the line. One of the main purposes of this study is to reveal the structure of Turkish by examining the basics of noun case suffixes in English and Turkish, showing what they express and what they do not. As it is known, there are big differences between English and Turkish. In this review, noun case suffixes in Turkish and English are discussed in detail

Terry Pratchett’ın Wyrd Sisters Adlı Eserinde Yer Alan Anıştırmaların Metinlerasılık Aracılığıyla Okunması ve Türkçe Çevirilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

In this study, the intertextual allusions in the fantasy novel Wyrd Sisters by Terry Pratchett were classified, and their Turkish translations by Niran Elçi were analysed descriptively. As the name of the book signals with its similarity to the “Weird Sisters” or “Three Witches” in Shakespeare’s Macbeth, it includes several intertextual references, including but not limited to Shakespeare’s works. In order to exemplify these intertextual references, six intertextual allusions detected in the source text were first analysed in terms of their forms according to Ritva Leppihalme’s (1997) categorization of allusions. Then they were classified as being implicit or explicit intertextual references based on the intertextuality theory suggested by Michael Riffaterre (1978). Following the classification of the intertextual allusions in the source text, translation strategies employed in the Turkish translation of the text were analysed in line with the strategies suggested by Leppihalme (1997). As a result of this study, it was found that three of the intertextual allusions are key phrases, and three of them are proper nouns. As proper nouns include the name of the intertextual reference explicitly, they are all examples of obligatory intertextuality. On the other hand, the key phrases in the source text are implicit intertextual references. For this reason, they exemplify ordinary intertextuality based on Riffaterre’s (1978) intertextuality theory. The comparative analysis reveals that the translator utilized a variety of translation strategies to render important phrases and proper nouns. In the translation of the key phrases, “minimum change or literal translation” is the most commonly used strategy; however, in translating the proper nouns, the translator has used three different strategies which are “using the name, adding detailed information”, “using the name with some guidance” and “replacement by another source language name”. Intertextual allusions have significant roles in completing the meaning universe of a text. This study shows that grasping the explicit or implicit allusions in the translation process contributes a great deal not only to the choice of the translation strategy but also to the transfer of the meaning universe.

Translation and validation of the Turkish forms of the International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ)

BackgroundThe 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) included revised formulations of single episode depressive disorder (DD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Consequently, the International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ) have been developed as self-report measures which directly align with the ICD-11 description of DD and GAD, respectively. ObjectiveThe current study sought to (1) test the factorial validity of the Turkish translations of the IDQ and IAQ, (2) evaluate their internal reliability, (3) determine how meeting diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 DD and ICD-11 GAD vary across different demographic variables, and (4) determine the convergent validity of the Turkish translations of the IDQ and IAQ. MethodsParticipants were a community sample of 1455 Turkish adults and largely comprised of university students. This study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the latent structure of both scales. Prevalence rates of ICD-11 GAD and DD were also estimated, and differences in prevalence rates according to gender and relationship status were examined. ResultsThe CFA results indicated that both scales were unidimensional. Both scales demonstrated high levels of internal consistency. The prevalence of ICD-11 DD and GAD was 26.6 % and 28.5 %, respectively. Rates of probable ICD-11 DD and GAD were highest for females and single participants. Convergent validity was indicated by strong associations with external measures of depression and anxiety. ConclusionFindings from this study provide support for the validity and reliability of the Turkish versions of the IDQ and IAQ in a large community sample.

Defense styles from the perspective of affective neuroscience

ABSTRACT To our knowledge, no study has been carried out to observe which subcortical basic affective systems are related to which defense styles. Such a perspective may have the potential to reveal how defenses may interact with subcortical primary emotional systems (PES) and how they contribute to affect regulation. We aimed to analyze the relationship of immature, neurotic, and mature defenses with basic subcortical affects (CARE, PLAY, SEEK, SADNESS, FEAR, ANGER) within an affective neuroscientific perspective. In addition, we sought to explore the effect of psychiatric disorders in relation to PES and defenses, and observe gender effects, if any. The sample consisted of 703 university students, recruited online. The materials included the Turkish translations of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) and the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). The correlations between ANPS and DSQ showed that the immature defenses increase as all negative emotions increase, whereas mature defenses increase as all positive emotions (except CARE) increase and all negative affects decrease (except ANGER). On the other hand, as neurotic defenses increase, CARE, FEAR and SADNESS simultaneously increase. Subjects who reported the presence of psychiatric disorders also reported higher FEAR, SADNESS, ANGER accompanied by higher immature defenses. Finally, male subjects reported higher immature defenses, whereas the females reported higher neurotic defenses, accompanied by higher CARE, SEEK, SADNESS, FEAR, and slightly lower PLAY. Investigating defenses through the lens of affective neuroscience offers the opportunity to link the abstract concept of defenses to increasingly well-understood neurobiology.

Translating Cultural Items Pertaining to African-American Culture: Three Turkish Translations of Hughes’ Merry-Go-Round

This study focuses on the translation of cultural items specific to African-American culture through the case of three Turkish translations of Langston Hughes’ poem ‘Merry-Go-Round’ by Necati Cumalı (1961), Özcan Özbilge (1985) and Cevat Çapan (1988). Drawing on Newmark’s (1988) and Vlahov and Florin’s (1969) categorizations of cultural items and Kansu-Yetkiner et al.’s (2018) classification of translation strategies for cultural items, the study analyzes source text and target text cultural items descriptively and comparatively. By doing so, the study seeks to determine whether the translators opt for domestication or foreignization in translating items specific to African-American culture into Turkish. The findings are examined along with paratextual elements from the books which feature the three translations to establish justifications for translators’ tendency towards domestication or foreignization. In conclusion, it is argued that regardless of their tendencies, the translators’ strategies cannot be completely placed at one end of an axis of domestication and foreignization but they are somewhere in-between due to different considerations such as stylistic and cultural norms of the source and target cultures.

Remembered in translation: Retranslators of William Saroyan into Turkish as guardians of erased memories

ABSTRACT This paper examines the Turkish translations of two selected short stories from William Saroyan’s My Name is Aram, paying special attention to the strategies used by translators in the transfer of details describing the daily lives of Armenian migrants in the US and their affective connections to their ancestral home. Through textual and paratextual analysis, and situating the translations in their socio-political contexts, the paper foregrounds the potential of (re)translated literature as a site for observing the changing politics of memory in a receiving culture. It concludes that, while earlier translators aligned themselves with the dominant politics of ‘silence and denial’, weakening the longings of Armenian characters for their ‘old country’, recent translators have been more meticulous about details related to the Armenian identity of characters. They reinstate the memories and yearnings erased in earlier translations, thereby contributing to newly emerging bottom-up energies challenging the official discourse and offering new channels of discussion.

Validity and Reliability Evidence of the Munro Scale for Perioperative Patients Part II: Construct Validity.

Background and Purpose: The Munro Pressure Injury Risk Assessment Scale for Perioperative Patients (Munro Scale) is the first three-phase risk instrument designed specifically for perioperative patients. The purpose of this study was to establish validity and reliability evidence for the Munro Scale. This study also had a goal to reduce the data into more manageable constructs with fewer items. Methods: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the hypothesized model for risk assessment using the Munro Scale to identify latent variables. A retrospective review of charts from 630 risk assessments was analyzed from two community acute care hospital settings. Results: The model explained 95% of the variance in the cumulative final risk level, R2 = .95, F(20, 588) = 501.88, p < .001. Six latent variables emerged in the model with a cumulative contribution rate of 56% of the variance. Similar results were obtained in studies with Chinese and Turkish translations of the Munro Scale. Conclusions: The validity and reliability evidence obtained in this study supports the implementation of the Munro Scale for clinical practice in the perioperative setting.

A Transitivity Analysis of Prefaces Written for Modernist Novel (Re)Translations: Understanding Paratexts as a Tool of Recontextualization

This study focuses on paratexts as recontextualization tools, specifically prefaces written for (re)translations, and problematizes Turkish (re)translations of modernist novels written in English, which, for reasons of morality, encountered legal difficulties, and were stigmatized, banned, or confiscated in the source culture. Recontextualization resonates with (re)producing ideologies, exposing various agents' deliberate power positions in determining discourse structures within the more general framework of Critical Discourse Analysis. Against this backdrop, this study, which is part of a larger project, has a twofold purpose: a) to evaluate 15 prefaces extracted from (re)translations of 10 modernist novels as a tool for recontextualization; and b) to investigate the preface discourse regarding the transfer of modernist novels into the target culture through the lens of transitivity analysis, based on Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) model. SFL proposes that the main system by which experiential meaning is associated with process choices within the framework of ideational meta-function is transitivity; transitivity analysis is therefore applied to the prefaces to unveil the relationships established between the processes and the actors. The analysis of findings revealed that recontextualization was functionalized to create an explicit, rather than an implicit discourse structure through the intensive use of material processes. It concludes that prefaces written to (re)translations in Turkish context, as liminal devices between the fictitious and real worlds, are clearly instrumentalized to position the key players in the adaptation, promotion, and representation of these books within their new cultural context, and thus, were designed to influence the discourse surrounding the transfer of modernist novels into the target culture.

Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Turkish Version of the Short Form of Behavioural Activation for Depression Scale (BADS-SF) in Non-Clinical Adults

Depressive individuals are reluctant to participate in pleasurable activities, which refers to their activation level. Therefore, determining the activation levels contributes to the effective execution of a possible intervention in depression. Accordingly, Manos and colleagues (2011) developed the Behavioural Activation for Depression Scale-Short Form to measure the activation levels of individuals. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish translation of the Behavioural Activation for Depression Scale-Short Form. We recruited a non-clinical sample group of 540 participants (F/M = 368/172) aged between 18 and 44 (M=22.57, SD=3.670) using the convenience sampling method. We performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses by forming two different sub-samples. As a result of these analyses, we found that the two-factor, eight-item structure consisting of activation and avoidance subscales showed a good fit. In addition, we found that the internal consistency coefficients for the entire scale and activation subscale were moderate and good, while they were weak for the avoidance subscale but were at an acceptable level. We examined the relationship between depression and life satisfaction for criterion validity. We observed that the Behavioural Activation for Depression Scale-Short Form has a negative correlation with depression and a positive correlation with life satisfaction and showed that the criterion validity is ensured based on the results obtained. Accordingly, we showed that the Turkish version of the Behavioural Activation for Depression Scale-Short Form has sufficient qualifications to measure the activation level in adults.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Adaptation of the Short Form Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale

Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) has been extensively used as a tool for the measurement of anxiety induced by foreign language learning. Numerous studies employed the scale in different contexts including different native languages, age groups, and national or international samples of varying sizes. FLCAS has also been a topic of interest in studies that investigated its psychometric characteristics, with varying results reported over the years regarding dimensionality, construct validity, and differential item functioning. The inconsistent results in the literature has recently directed efforts towards either developing a new scale or forming a short form to be utilized in language anxiety research. This study aims at contributing to the latter line of research through a psychometric evaluation of the short form of the scale (S-FLCAS), as used by Dewaele and MacIntyre (2014), through the implementation of its Turkish translation in a sample of university students in Turkey. S-FLCAS, which is formed by eight items from the original 33-item scale, was evaluated based on validity and reliability analyses. The results of this study lend support to the efficacious use of S-FLCAS in future studies as a psychometrically valid and reliable tool to measure anxiety caused by foreign language learning

Validity and Reliability of The Turkish Version of The Pelvic Pain Impact Questionnaire

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish translation of the Pelvic Pain Impact Questionnaire(PPIQ-T).&#x0D; Material and Methods: This study was conducted with 110 female patients (mean age of 43.67±11.71years), who were being treated as inpatients or outpatients in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department. Necessary permission for PPIQ was obtained and translation procedures were applied in terms of cultural adaptation. Test-retest and internal consistency were used for reliability. The correlation between the McGill Pain Instrument(MPQ) and the Short Form-36(SF-36) was looked at to determine the construct validity of the questionnaire. Additionally, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the factorial validity of the PPIQ.&#x0D; Results: Test-retest reliability's intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) was 0.95, while the Cronbach alpha value was 0.92. Significant correlation was determined between PPIQ and SF-36 questionnaires (r= 0.62-0.78, p

Hemşirelerde Ahlaki Cesaret Ölçeği: Uyarlama, Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması

Aim: This study’s aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: This was a methodological study. The study sample consisted of 250 nurses. Data were collected by using a socio-demographic characteristics form and the Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale (NMCS). Turkish translation and content validity studies were conducted for scale validity, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to ensure construct validity and invalidity analysis, and Cronbach's α coefficient was used to evaluate internal consistency in reliability analysis.&#x0D; Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.02±4.76 years and 67.6% were women. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was 0.934, for which the Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant (chi-square=3639.923. p=0.001). These values were evaluated as the sample size was sufficient and the data set was suitable for factor analysis. Some indices were used to examine the fit of the model of the Moral Courage Scale of Nurses. The chi-square/degrees of freedom, Groningen Frailty Indicator, Adjusted Composite Financial Index, Composite Financial Index, root mean square error of approximation, and standardized root mean square residual were 4.10, 0.98, 0.98, 1.00, 0.11, and 0.06, respectively. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit. The total scale had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.952.&#x0D; Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Turkish version of the Nurses’Moral Courage Scale is a valid and reliable scale. However, further studies are needed to refine its psychometric properties.

A Comparison of Language and Literary Style in George Orwell's Literary Masterpiece Animal Farm and its Turkish Translations

Bu çalışma 20. yüzyıl İngiliz edebiyatının önde gelen isimleri arasında yer alan George Orwell’in edebî başyapıtı Hayvan Çiftliği romanındaki ve iki farklı Türkçe çevirisindeki dil ve edebî üslubun karşılaştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda kaynak metnin dil ve üslubunun nasıl olduğu, erek metinlere nasıl aktarıldığı, yazarın edebi kişiliğinin çeviri metinlere yansıtılıp yansıtılmadığı ve yapılan çevirilerin Chesterman ile Pym’in çeviri kuramlarının hangisine örnek teşkil ettiği ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda kaynak ve erek metinlerden seçilen yirmi bir tane metin birimi çeviri kuramları ışığında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada kaynak metin olarak Longman Pearson yayınevi tarafından Animal Farm orijinal ismiyle 2003 yılında yayımlanan özgün eserin 8. baskısından yararlanılmıştır. Erek metinler olarak da çevirisi Leyla Moralı tarafından yapılan ve ilk olarak 1974 yılında İnkılâp Kitabevi tarafından yayımlanan kitabın 1998 yılındaki 3. baskısı ile Celâl Üster’in çevirmenliğini üstlendiği ve ilk olarak 2001 yılında Can Yayınları tarafından basılan kitabın 2014 yılındaki 42. baskısı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın araştırma modelini nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda romanda kimi zaman dil oyunlarına ve mecazi ifadelere yer verilse de genel anlamda açık, dolaysız ve güçlü bir dilin hâkim olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Moralı, kaynak metne büyük ölçüde sadık kalarak metinde söylenen bir sözün mümkün olabildiğince birebir karşılığını bulmaya çalışmış ve ağırlıklı olarak Pym’in Doğal Eşdeğerlik kuramına örnek teşkil eden çeviriler meydana getirmiştir. Romanın yalınlığını ve yazarın edebi kişiliğini fazlasıyla çeviri metnine yansıtmıştır. Üster ise kaynak metindeki ifadeleri kelimesi kelimesine olduğu gibi değil de anlamsal olarak birbiriyle örtüşen farklı kelimelerle aktarma yoluna gitmiş ve çoğunlukla Chesterman’ın Aynı Noktada Birleşen Benzerlik kuramıyla uyuşan çeviriler ortaya koymuştur. Dolayısıyla Üster’in kaynak metnin dil ve üslubuna sadık kaldığı pek söylenememektedir.

Translation and validation of music performance self-efficacy scale into Turkish

The Music Performance Self-Efficacy Scale (MPSES) is an important scale designed to reflect the four sources of self-efficacy of Bandura by Zelenak, and has been used in many studies of music education in the international literature in recent years. This study was carried out to ensure the validity and reliability of the Turkish translation of the MPSES. Participants ( N = 613) were students (men n = 291; women n = 322) in undergraduate-level music education programs in Turkey. The translation process included the following steps, which were performed by a translation group: (1) translation into Turkish, (2) back translation into English, and (3) cross-cultural adaptation. First and second-level confirmatory factor analysis results showed good model-data fit (for one main dimension and four sub-dimensions). Therefore, the Turkish version of MPSES produced satisfactory internal consistency coefficients (α = .75–.91). Additionally, t-test results and item-total score correlation coefficients also revealed that the items re distinctive. Accordingly, The Turkish version of MPSES is a valid and reliable tool for determining the sources of music performance self-efficacy for those who will do research in Turkish.

AN ECOFEMINIST READING OF THE TURKISH TRANSLATION OF A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM

This study aims to analyse the Turkish translation of William Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream with an ecofeminist point of view. Ecofeminism argues that feminist efforts and struggles just like nature are challenged by the patriarchal system, for that reason this male-dominated system can be seen as a threatening factor over both women and nature. The ecofeminist approach to analyses of literary texts can be tracked among the most recent studies that have been carried out latter-day. And taking ecofeminism in terms of translation studies, specifically from the point of women’s moving through different types of space constitutes the essence of this study. In this respect, the worlds of humans and their splitting as men and women, as society and nature, and as suppression and freedom in the play and their Turkish translations are studied in the study with special emphasis on the translator’s word choices. The Turkish translation of the acts adds to the ecofeminist understanding of the play by having an almost impeccable language as Shakespeare’s.

Investigating the Influence of Ideology on Translation A Critical Discourse Analysis of Slogans of Cosmetic Brands and Their Turkish Translations

Translation, especially in the cases of advertisements that are highly intertwined with the ideology and the expectations of the receptors in different cultures, cannot be discussed and studied apart from the discursive elements in the language. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the ideology of the beauty brand slogans is reflected in their respective Turkish translations. For this purpose, the study uses the three-dimensional framework of Norman Fairclough regarding Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The present investigation is an attempt to shed light on the relationship between language and ideology involved in translation in general. More specifically, it aims to uncover the underlying ideological assumptions invisible in the texts, both source text (ST) and target text (TT). In this respect, Fairclough’s (1989) three stages of CDA, which are description, interpretation and explanation are utilized in the present study. The findings show that although the translations, in general, reflect the ST’s ideology and influence on the TT, it is possible to observe some conscious and unconscious manipulations because of the political and social background and cultural differences that influence the choices of linguistic elements in the target language and culture. The study is expected to reveal that the underlying ideology transferred through the translations of the beauty brand slogans is constantly reconstructed during the translation process in accordance with the current ideology of the target community, the global beauty standards, and the patterns that are to be reinforced by the patriarchy in general.

The Analysis of Tale Titles in the Work Titled Favole al Telefono by Gianni Rodari and their Turkish Translations within the Context of “the Systematics of Designification in Translation”

Bu makalede amaç, Gianni Rodari’nin Favole al telefono adlı masal kitabındaki masal başlıklarının Türkçe erek metinlere aktarımını “Çeviride Anlam Evrilmesi Dizgeselliği” bağlamında incelemektir. Çalışmanın temel inceleme nesnesini kaynak metin olarak İtalyan çocuk edebiyatının önde gelen isimlerinden olan Rodari’nin 1962 yılında yayımladığı Favole al telefono adlı masal kitabındaki masal başlıkları, erek metinler olarak da bu kitabın farklı yıllarda Türkçeye yapılan üç çevirisindeki masal başlıkları oluşturmaktadır. Bu erek metinler makalede EM-1, EM-2 ve EM-3 biçiminde gösterilecek olup bu metinlerin çevirmenleri, yayın yılları ve yayınevleri şu şekildedir: EM-1: 2005 yılında Demet Elkâtip tarafından Telefonda Masallar başlığıyla çevrilmiş ve Alkım Yayınevi tarafından yayımlanmıştır; EM-2: 2006 yılında Üzeyir Gündüz tarafından Telefon Öyküleri başlığıyla çevrilmiş ve Harf Eğitim Yayıncılığı tarafından yayımlanmıştır; EM-3: 2012 yılında Eren Cendey tarafından Bir Telefonluk Masallar başlığıyla çevrilmiş ve Can Sanat Yayınları tarafından yayımlanmıştır. Temel inceleme nesnesi olarak bu kaynak metin ve erek metinlerin seçilmesinin nedeni, adı geçen eserlerdeki masal başlıklarının daha önce “Çeviride Anlam Evrilmesi Dizgeselliği” bağlamında ele alınmamış olmasıdır. Kaynak metinde yetmiş masal ve bir de giriş yazısı bulunmaktadır. Giriş yazısı her üç erek metne de aktarılmıştır. Ancak kaynak metindeki yetmiş masalın tamamı birinci erek metne aktarılırken ikinci erek metne kırk bir, üçüncü erek metne ise atmış sekiz masal aktarılmıştır. Bu masal başlıklarının çevirileri, Sündüz Öztürk Kasar’ın çeviri göstergebilimi bağlamında ortaya koyduğu “Çeviride Anlam Evrilmesi Dizgeselliği” çerçevesinde incelenecek ve inceleme sonrası da üç erek metinde karşılaşılan “anlam evirici eğilim”lere dair karşılaştırmalı bilgiler verilecektir.

An Examination in the Light of Semiotics of Translation: The Masque of the Red Death by Edgar Allan Poe and its Turkish Translation

Bu çalışmanın amacı Edgar Allan Poe’nun The Masque of the Red Death (1842) başlıklı öyküsü ve Türkçe çevirilerini, çeviri göstergebiliminin sunduğu bakış açısıyla inceleyerek çeviri göstergebiliminin çevirmene ve çeviri sürecine sunabileceği katkıları ortaya koymaktır. Edgar Allan Poe’nun 1842 yılında yayımlanan The Masque of the Red Death adlı öyküsü ve bu öykünün Tomris Uyar (1991), Nebiha Şentürk (2016), Nazire Ersöz (2017) ve Hasan Fehmi Nemli (2018) tarafından Türkçeye yapılan çevirileri bu çalışmanın bütüncesini oluşturmaktadır. Özgün metnin göstergebilimsel çözümlenmesinde Öztürk Kasar’ın (2009) Paris Göstergebilim Okulu’nun sunduğu metin çözümleme adımlarını çeviri göstergebilimi kapsamında derlediği göstergebilimsel çözümleme modeli esas alınmıştır. Eserin Türkçede yayımlanan dört farklı çevirisi ise Öztürk Kasar’ın ortaya koyduğu Çeviride Anlam Evrilmesi Dizgeselliği (2021) odağında bir çeviri değerlendirmesine tabi tutulmuştur. “Öyküdeki sembollerin çevirisi”, “Alımlayan özneye yönelik hitapların çevirisi”, “Metinlerarası öğelerin çevirisi” ve “Anlam evirici eğilimlere farklı örnekler” başlıklarıyla ele alınan çeviri değerlendirmesinde, toplam on altı söylemde anlam evirici eğilim saptanmıştır. Yapılan çeviri değerlendirmesinde hata avcılığından kaçınılarak çevirmen kararları dizgeselliğin sunduğu veriler odağında betimleyici bir yaklaşımla ele alınmıştır.

Retranslation Hypothesis Revisited for The Jungle Book: Time versus Context in Retranslation

Rudyard Kipling was first introduced to Turkish literature with the Turkish translation of his children’s literature work titled The Jungle Book in 1936, which was followed by a good number of retranslations up until today. This study aims to test the main assumptions of the retranslation theory with five different Turkish translations of The Jungle Book. The retranslations were compared with each other, along with the first translation in terms of text-bound and culture-specific items, as well as the historical and contextual background in which the translations were produced. To this end, the study can be divided into two main parts as regards the method adopted. In the first part, a diachronic analysis was conducted with a specific focus on the socio-contextual conditions of the translation periods. In the second part of the study, a synchronic analysis was made to re-test the hypothesis. Based on the comparative examples provided, it was found that there was no linear progression to a more target-oriented approach among the first and retranslations as asserted in the retranslation hypothesis. Instead, contextual factors of the time when the translation was produced and published were found to be more determinant in the translation choices of the translators. The selection of case studies also seems to affect the approval or refusal of the hypothesis in the literature. In this sense, it is suggested to apply both synchronic and diachronic analysis to obtain more reliable findings on the concept and nature of retranslation.

Dr. Jekyll ile Bay Hyde Eserinin Türkçe Çevirisinin Karnavalesk Bir İncelemesi

Mikhail Bakhtin, a prominent Russian philosopher of the 20th century, contributed to the field of philology and literary studies by propounding conceptions in several domains one of which is the foremost term ‘carnivalesque’. As it is a locution related to the ‘carnival’, it is of utmost significance to define this term. The ‘carnival’, deriving from the Lantern period at the time of the Romans, is a phenomenon in which all the rules in our daily lives, restrictions, regulations, and hierarchical forms are put aside; everyone is free and there are no restrictions in this sphere. The aim of this study is to read and analyse the Turkish translation of Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde – with its full name –in the light of Bakhtin’s carnivalesque approach, and the Turkish translation of the work is evaluated particularly by taking Bakhtin’s main categories of the term ‘carnivalesque’, which are free and familiar interaction between people, eccentric behaviour by which the human nature in the work is revealed, and carnivalistic misalliances, all of which are considered to be abstract notions of freedom and equality. While taking the carnivalesque way of thinking into consideration, specifically the diverse characteristics of the protagonist in the novel are brought forth such as being respectable and well-liked but also hideous and depraved in conformity with the free and unrestricted world of the carnival.