True Experimental Study Research Articles

Effects of Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract on C-Reactive Protein and Serum Ferritin in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis Model Rat

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin are acute-phase reactants that have demonstrated association with the severity of a variety of inflammation-mediated illnesses, including infection and sepsis. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf is traditionally used as an anti-inflammation and anti-bacterial herb. Sambiloto leaf extract possesses anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, immuno-stimulatory, antiviral, and antioxidant activitiesObjective: To evaluate the effect of Sambiloto leaf extract (Andrographis paniculata) on inflammation biomarker (CRP and serum ferritin) in a rat model of sepsis-induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. Twenty five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups consisting of a healthy control (HC), Negative control (NC), Treatment 1 (T1) Sambiloto 200mg/kgBW, T2 Sambiloto 400mg/kgBW, T3 Sambiloto 500mg/kgBW). Sambiloto leaf extract was given on days 8-21 and LPS 5mg/kgBW was injected intraperitoneal on day 22. On the 25th day, blood was drawn and CRP and serum ferritin levels were analyzed using ELISA method. The data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test.Results: The mean CRP levels of HC, NC, T1, T2,T3 were 7.72 ± 2.53; 8.12 ± 1.08; 5.22 ± 1.71; 6.40 ± 1.19; 5.14 ± 1.37 ng/dl respectively. The mean serum ferritin level of HC, NC, T1, T2, T3 were 293.60 ± 66.53; 601.20 ± 100.17; 433.40 ± 194.65; 331.60 ± 75.97; 318.00 ± 69.64 ng/dl respectively. There were differences in CRP levels in groups T1(p=0.012) and T3(p=0.010), serum ferritin levels in groups T2(p=0.014) and T3(p=0.008) to the control group.Conclusion: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract has anti-inflammatory effects in the rat model of sepsis.

True Triaxial Experimental Study on the Variation Characteristics of Rockburst with the Number of Fast Unloading Surfaces

True Triaxial Experimental Study on the Variation Characteristics of Rockburst with the Number of Fast Unloading Surfaces

Effect of probiotics as adjuvant therapy of antidepressants in male Wistar rats with anhedonia behavior

Link of Video Abstract : https://youtu.be/umLlj1K4l2w Background: Depression is one of the most common causes of disability in the world, and one third of patients do not respond to currently available antidepressants, so a strategy is needed in its management. There have been many studies looking for a relationship between the role of the gut and mental health. Probiotics are the focus of much research in the field of psychiatry today due to their alleged role in improving mental health through gut health. Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a posttest-only design with a control group design. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plasma levels, serum serotonin (ST) serum levels, and sucrose preference test (SPT) values were analysed in 39 male Wistar rats with anhedonic behavior. Results: Average BDNF plasma level in treatment group was 1.63 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 0.56 ng/mL, while the mean BDNF plasma level in control group was 0.89 ng/mL with a standard deviation of 0.46 ng/mL. There was a significant difference in that the BDNF plasma levels in the control group were lower than in the treatment group, with a p<0.001 (CI = 95%). The median ST serum level in the treatment group was 25.78 with an IQR of 9.61 ng/mL, while the median ST serum level in the control group was 7.5 with an IQR of 0.38 ng/mL. Statistically, the difference is significant from the p value <0.001. The median SPT score in the treatment group was 84.5 with an interquartile range (IQR) of 12%, while the median SPT value in the control group was 67 with an IQR of 8%. Conclusion: There was an effect of probiotics as an adjuvant antidepressant therapy in male Wistar rats with anhedonic behavior.

The Implementation Of Word Webbing Technique To Improve Students’ Writing Ability At Seveenth Grade Of SMP SWASTA GKPS 3 Pematangsiantar

This research was aimed at investigating the implementation of word webbing technique in writing ability. A true experimental design was employed with two classes of the seventh grade at SMP SWASTA GKPS 3 PEMATANGSIANTAR in the academic year of 2021/2022,this research was conducted on june 2022.This research was classified as a true-experimental study. It involved 24 students from two groups, class VII-2 (12 students) as the experimental group and class VII-1(12 students) as the control group. The experimental group was students taugh using Word Webbing technique whereas the control group and students taught using conventional technique.The data were obtained by using pre-test and post-test. The findings were analyzed by using topic text and inferential statistic (SPSS 22.0). The statistical computation showed that webbing technique was likely effective in improving the students’ writing skill in News Item text (value of tcount 6,13>value of ttable1,79). Furthermore, the students´ perception towards webbing technique is 93,7% students agree that this technique could help them to increase their writing skill. Designing the learning purpose appropriately which considers students’ needs and language level may ease teachers to use the webbing technique in improving students’ writing News Item text. The teachers may try to take advantage of webbing technique to be utilized in their classroom activities to conduct an effective and interesting learning atmosphere in the classroom

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF RAMBAI LEAF EXTRACT (Sonneratia caseolaris) CONCENTRATION 25% 50% 75% AND 100% AGAINST BACTERIA Enterococcus faecalis

ABSTRACTBackground: The causative factor of failure in the treatment of the root canal is the presence of microorganisms, namely the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis. Rambai leaf extract (Sonneratia caseolaris) also contains secondary metabolite compounds, namely, triterpenoids, phenols, tannins, steroids, and flavonoids that are able to inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria which have the potential to cause failure in root canal treatment. Purpose: This research has a purpose to see the antibacterial activity of Rambai leaf extract (Sonneratia caseolaris) concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Method: This study is a true experimental study designed by Posttest Only with Control Group Design using six. Material and methods: Rambai leaf extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, positive control of chlorhexidine gluconate 2%, and negative control of aqua dest was repeated 4 times. Antibacterial activity can be seen from the magnitude of the inhibitory zone formed in (MHA) Mueller Hinton Agar and BHIB (Brain Heart Infusion) using the diffusion method. Results: Based on Mann Whitney's final test, there was a significant difference in the clear zones formed around the paper disk. The average clear zone of Rambai leaf extract (Sonneratia caseolaris) concentration is 25% at 10.0mm, 50% at 12.7mm, 75% at 17.0mm, and 100% at 18.3mm. Conclusion: There is activity of Rambai leaf extract (Sonneratia caseolaris) concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Keywords: Antibacterial Activity, Enterococcus faecalis, Rambai Leaf Extract

PREVENTION OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY TROUGH COMPUTER ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAMME IN DNH

A true experimental study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the effect of computer assisted teaching programme regading prevention of teenage pregnancy on level of knowledge & level of attitude among 170 adolescent girls, 13 – 15 years of age studied in selected schools of UT, Dadara & Nagar Haveli. The mean difference in level of knowledge is (21.77 ± 0.69), while in level of attitude is (75.48 ± 5.62) between pretest & posttest in experimental group which shows improve in knowledge as well as change in attitude among adolescent girls. The result concludes that there is a need to educate girls regarding teenage pregnancy to bring awareness about consequences of it and preventive measures to avoid it with the help of school teacher

Animal model of contusion compression spinal cord injury by Yasargil aneurysm clip

Background: Animal spinal cord injury (SCI) models have shown to be invaluable in better understanding the mechanisms related to traumatic SCI and evaluating the effectiveness of experimental therapeutic interventions. The use of clip compression can produce contusion–compression SCI models in rats with clinical features in the form of total paralysis, retention of micturition, and retention of defecation. This study aimed to validate the effects of the duration of Yasargil aneurysm clip application on the formation of SCI models with analyzed neuropathic pain, locomotor function, histology, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Methods: We did true experimental study investigated 20 Sprague Dawley divided into normal, 30-second, 60-second, and 90-second groups. Contusion–compression model of SCI post-laminectomy was done in 0, 30, 60, and 90 seconds using a Yasargil aneurysm clip, with a force of 65g (150kDyne). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows. Result: We found that the locomotor expression did not indicate total paralysis after compression durations of 0 and 30 seconds, while compression durations of 60 and 90 seconds could result in total paralysis. There was no significant difference in the mean BBB scores between the compression durations of 60 and 90 seconds (p=1.000). In addition, there was no significant difference in the mean RGS value between the 60-second model group and the 90-second model group on days 21 and 28 (p=1.000; p=0.900). The histological pictures at compression durations of 60 and 90 seconds show severe damage to spinal cord continuity. There was no significant difference in the mean value of TNF-α between the duration compressions of 60 and 90 seconds (p=0.937). Conclusion: The use of Yasargil aneurysm clips for 60 and 90 seconds could produce a contusion–compression SCI model with expressions of neuropathic pain, locomotor function, histology, and pro-inflammatory cytokine.

Efektivitas Ekstrak Strobilanthes crispus terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa dan Pasca Tes Toleransi Glukosa Oral pada Rattus norvegicus Diabetes Melitus

Introduction. The 2018 Riskesdas data shows that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing each year. Strobilanthes crispus leaves are known for lowering blood glucose levels. This study aimed to determine the difference in the effectiveness of S. crispus leaves ethanolic extract on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods. True experimental study using post-test only control group design and Rattus norvegicus as experimental animals. Rattus norvegicus were selected by random sampling which were then divided into 4 groups (K, P1, P2, P3), each group consisted of 5 animals. The animals were subsequently induced with diabetes mellitus via a single injection of 160 mg/kgBW/IP alloxan. Group K was given 0.5% NaCMC solution at a dose of 1 ml/200 g BW/day/oral/day. Group P1, P2, and P3 received extract at a dose of 100, 400, 600 mg/kg BW/oral/day for 21 days using oral gavage. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, Tukey, Brown-Forsythe, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results. Mean FBG level in group K, P1, P2, P3 were 338.40 mg/dL, 270.80 mg/dL, 200.00 mg/dL, and 138.60 mg/dL, respectively. Mean value of 60 minutes OGTT blood glucose level in group K, P1, P2, P3 were 355.60 mg/dL, 289.00 mg/dL, 188.00 mg/dL, and 164.40 mg/dL, respectively. Meanwhile, mean value of 120 minutes OGTT blood glucose level in group K, P1, P2, P3 were 346.60 mg/dL, 236.20 mg/dL, 175.40 mg/dL, and 117.20 mg/dL, respectively. The hypothesis test results showed a significant difference in 120 minutes OGTT blood glucose level (p= 0.031). Conclusion. The use of ethanol extract from S. crispus leaves is more beneficial in reducing blood glucose levels in 120 minutes OGTT compared to FBG level and 60 minutes OGTT level, with the highest reduction observed in the group given a dose of 600 mg/kgBW/oral/day compared to control.

The Administration of Cordyceps Militaris Inhibited the Decrease of Leydig Cell Number and Testosterone Level in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Exposed with Cigarette Smoke

Large amounts of free radicals generate oxidative stress resulting in cell damage. Cigarettes are a source of exogenous free radicals containing various toxic substances. Cigarettes exposure decreased Leydig cells and testosterone. Cordyceps militaris has strong antioxidant effect that can counteract the effects of free radicals. This research was aimed to evaluate the administration of Cordyceps militaris in inhibiting the decrease in Leydig cell count and testosterone levels in male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. This study was a true experimental study with a post-test only control group design, using 30 male wistar rats which were randomly divided into three groups: control (P0) given aquadest, treated with Cordyceps militaris extract 50 mg/kgBW rats (P1), and 200 mg/kgBW rats (P2). All groups were exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 days. Examination of testosterone and the amount of testicular Leydig cells were examined on the 31st day. The results showed that the mean amount of Leydig cells at P0 was 16.10±3.14/HPF, P1 was 18.87±1.76/HPF, and P2 was 30.34±0.72/HPF (p<0.001). The mean values of P0 testosterone were 4.02±0.11 nmol/ml, P1 was 4.31±0.11 nmol/ml, and P2 was 9.43±0.17 nmol/ml (p<0.001). In conclusion, administration of Cordyceps militaris inhibited the decrease in Leydig cell count and testosterone levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke.

THE EFFECT OF KAFFIR LIME PEEL EXTRACT (Citrus hystrix) ON SPATIAL MEMORY OF MICE WITH DEMENTIA USING MORRIS WATER MAZE

Background: Antioxidants are a group of chemicals that protect biological systems against the potential harmful effects of oxidation processes or its reactions. Kaffir lime peel (Citrus hystrix) contains various potential antioxidants substances those are able to protect neurons from free radical-induced damage. Objective: To evaluate the effect of kaffir lime peel extract (Citrus hystrix) on the spatial memory of mice induced by Scopolamine (SCM). Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a post-test-only controlled group design. Thirty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. SCM was injected intraperitoneally on day 1-7 and kaffir lime peel extract was given orally on day 2-7, the spatial memory testing of mice using Morris Water Maze on day 8. Data analysis used One-Way ANOVA test (α = 0.05) and continued with Post Hoc LSD test (α = 0.05). Results: The mean spatial memory of K+, K-, P1, P2,P3 were 16,33 ± 7,42; 70,00 ± 32,24; 25,66 ± 24,43; 23,00 ± 19,39; 25,00 ± 19,50 seconds respectively. There were significant differences in spatial memory in P1, P2, dan P3 to the negative control group, but there is no significant differences between treatment grups. Conclusion: Kaffir lime peel extract (Citrus hystrix) can improve the spatial memory of scopolamine-induced dementia (SCM) mice. There is no dose effect relationship between the treatment groups

Utilization of Chitosan as an Inhibitor to Improve the Corrosion Resistance of Low-Carbon Steel

The Batam industry materials are steel, an alloy material between iron and carbon, and a few other elements. Low-carbon steel is one type of metal. However, this low-carbon steel has the disadvantage of corrosion resistance, mainly if applied to corrosive environments. In the utilization of Low carbon steel in the industry, corrosion can cause problems and cost a lot of money in its maintenance. Chitosan contained in invertebrate animals is predicted to be able to prevent corrosion as an inhibitor. This study aims to analyze the optimal conditions of chitosan inhibitors against the corrosion rate of low-carbon steel in environments with variations in the length of immersion of specimens in corrosive media. This study is a true-experimental study with a pre-post-test design. The determination of the optimal conditions of corrosion inhibition of low-carbon steel plate specimens by chitosan was carried out with variations in the parameters of HCl concentration, specimen immersion time, and chitosan concentration. The analysis carried out is the measurement of specimen weight loss in each parameter by determining the difference in weight before and after the experiment and determining the efficiency of the inhibitor. The experiment’s results showed that the optimal conditions of inhibition of corrosion were at 1M HCl, 400ppm chitosan, and a soaking time of 3 days with an efficiency of 48%. The efficiency value of this optimum corrosion inhibition of chitosan in low-carbon steel is 48%. To improve the efficiency of corrosion inhibition, it is necessary to further research with higher accuracyTo determine the effect of inhibition of corrosion using chitosan on the quality of steel surfaces, it is necessary to analyze the steel surface structure using ultrasonic testing or using XRD Analysis.

DIABETES & ITS HOME CARE MANAGEMENT

India has the second-highest total population in the world at more than 1.3 billion people. The International Diabetes Federation estimated that 72.9 million adults in India were living with diabetes in 2017. A true experimental research study was conducted to assess the effect of pamphlet on level of knowledge & attitude regarding diabetes mellitus & its home care management among 50 experimental & 50 control group adults aged more than 35 yrs . The result of the study shows that the mean pretest knowledge score is (12.00±1.2) , (5.8±1.7) in experimental & control group whereas posttest mean score is (18.48±1.9), (6.08±2.1) and in attitude score , the mean pretest score is (38±2.0), (35±1.6) in experimental & control group where as in posttest mean score is (96±1.44), ( 42±0.32) in both group. The result indicates that pamphlet on the level of knowledge & attitude regarding diabetes mellitus & its home care management was effective for the adult who is suffering with diabetes mellitus.

Effect of Red Bean Extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Sp) on Interleukin-1, Inhibin Β and PCNA Expression in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mice Model

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ involvement. Chronic inflammation due to oxidative stress and autoimmune causes damage to related organs, one of which is the ovary which leads to Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) . Red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Sp.) is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. This study aims to examine the effect of red beans on IL-1, Inhibin B, and PCNA. Methods: This is a true experimental study with a post-test-only controlled group design in vivo. The sample in this study were female Balb/c mice treated with red bean extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L. sp.) at doses of 50 mg/KgBW (P1), 75 mg/KgBW (P2), and 100 mg/KgBW (P3). IL-1, Inhibin B, and PCNA levels in each group were statistically analyzed using the SPSS 16 for Windows software program. Results: Red bean extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Sp.) administration at various doses was statistically proven to significantly reduce IL-1 levels (p<0,05) and increase Inhibin levels in all groups (p<0,05). The highest average Inhibin B levels were found in the 100 mg/KgBW dose group (P3), significant increase in PCNA expression in all groups given various doses of red bean extract (p<0,05). Conclusion: Administration of red bean extract (Phaseoulus vulgaris L. Sp.) can reduce levels of Interleukin-1, increase levels of Inhibin B and PCNA expression in SLE mice.

Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase Activity by Kersen Leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) to Prevent Hypercholesterolemia

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition of total cholesterol level >200 mg/dL and LDL >130 mg/dL. HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-ethylglutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase is an enzyme that has a role in cholesterol biosynthesis. Hence, inhibition of this enzyme led to the decrement of cholesterol level. The extract of Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) is known to contain flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, phenolic, and alkaloids. Flavonoids work by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase activity, so that mevalonate cannot be formed and thus decrease the cholesterol synthesis. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effect of Kersen leaves extract (M. calabura L.) in inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase activity in vitro. Material and Methods: The study is a true experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. The independent variables were ethanol, methanol, and n-hexane extracts of Kersen leaves. Moreover, the percentage inhibition of the enzyme was the dependent variable. The test was conducted in vitro using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with pravastatin as a positive control. Results: The inhibitory effects of ethanol, methanol, n-hexane extracts of Kersen leaves, and pravastatin towards HMG-CoA reductase activity were 85.56%, 59.75%, 92.03%, and 99.58%, respectively. Post Hoc One-Way ANOVA showed that the p-values of pravastatin with ethanol, methanol, and n-hexane extracts were 0.687, 0.048, and 0.931, respectively. The n-hexane and ethanol extracts were potent for inhibiting the enzyme activity (p>0.05) comparable to pravastatin. Conclusion: The n-hexane and ethanol extracts of Kersen leaves could serve as a natural source of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor to prevent hypercholesterolemia.

Zinc Content, Suppleness and Favorability Test on Anchovy Flour Fortified Cob Meatballs

Stunting in Jember Regency is the eighth most common condition in East Java, affecting up to 30% of the 180,000 children under the age of five. The creation of meatballs made from tuna fortified anchovy, which are increasingly rich in nutrients like zinc, will help to overcome nutritional issues. The aim of this research was to look at zinc levels, elasticity, and organoleptic properties. The aim of this study was to look at the zinc levels, elasticity, and organoleptic consistency of tuna fish balls after fortification with anchovy flour and chewers, which could help stunted toddlers improve their nutritional status. This is a true experimental study with a pre and post control group configuration. The sample size was set at 27 (eight samples from the treatment group and one sample from the control group). Zinc levels, elasticity, and organoleptic consistency are all measured in the lab through observation. On zinc levels, ANOVA Two Way was used to analyze data presentation. Zinc levels of 0.001 mg/100 gr and elasticity of 707.38 4.13 gf were found in tuna fish balls until they were reinforced with anchovy flour and chewers. The interaction of zinc content, elasticity, and organoleptic quality of anchovy meal fortification (0, 18%, and 35%) and thickener (carrageenan and STTP) has a major effect on zinc content, elasticity, and organoleptic quality (physical and preferences include taste, aroma, color and texture). The best tuna meatballs in terms of general nutritional content and chewiness are tuna fish balls fortified by 35% anchovy and with carrageenan as thickener. His general favorite is tuna fish balls which are not fortified with anchovy flour and without chewing. Future research is expected to find alternatives to other highly nutritious fish with good acceptance

Acute Toxicity Test of Toman Fish Extract on Erythrocyte Number and Hemoglobin Level in Normal and Diabetic Wistar Rat Model

Abstract: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) may experience vascular impairment, wounds that emerged from dental practice require special attention in people who suffer from DM. Toman fish has the potential as an alternative medicine to accelerate the healing process in normal and diabetic wound. Erythrocyte and hemoglobin are two components of blood profile which can be used as the parameter to identify the effect of material toxicity. This study aims to test the acute toxicity of Toman fish extract at 16 mL/Kg BW dosage on the number of erythrocyte and the level of hemoglobin in normal and diabetic Wistar rat model after 14 days treatment. This is a true experimental study with post-test only and control group design. Samples were comprised of 21 male Wistar rats allocated to three different groups; normal rats given Toman fish extract (A), diabetic rats given Toman fish extract (B), and diabetic rats given BR2 feed only (C). The results showed that in group A, the number of erythrocytes was 8.67x106/mm3 and the level of hemoglobin was 17.30 g/dL. In group B, the number of erythrocytes was 7.39x106/mm3 and the level of hemoglobin was 16.32 g/dL. In group C, the erythrocyte number was 4.88x106/ mm3 and the hemoglobin level was 11.54 g/dL. It can be concluded that Toman fish extract at the dosage of 16 mL/Kg BW after 14 days administration is not toxic which was indicated by erythrocyte number and hemoglobin level in the blood of normal and diabetic Wistar rats models.

Curry Fish Extract's Antimalarial Potency in N-hexane and Ethyl Acetate Solvents using In vitro approach

The increase in malaria morbidity and mortality due to artemisinin derivative resistance was a global problem. Marine biota, curry fish or Sticophus hermanni was known to have bioactive components that are antibacterial and antifungal. The purpose of the study was to observe phytochemical tests and antimalarial activity of golden sea cucumber, curry fish using two types of solvents with different polarities using In vtro studies. The study was a true experimental study withIn vtro protocols, which included: (P1), control negative; (P2) P. falciparum medium with n-hexane extract of curry fish; (P3) P.falciparum medium with ethyl acetate extract of curry fish. The parameters were as follows: phytochemical assay, growth %, inhibitory rate, and IC50. The phytochemical analysis found various bioactive components in the ethyl acetate extract, including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and tannins, whereas the n-hexane extract includes fewer active components, including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and tannins. The extract's antimalarial action is demonstrated by a decrease in parasite growth, a rise in the inhibitory rate with increasing extract dose, and IC50 less than 5 µg/ml when administered with ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Both solvents in curry fish extract displayed high antimalarial activity; however, n-hexane had a lower IC50 than ethyl acetate.

The effect of Kawa Daun (Coffea canephora) decoction on blood glucose levels and pancreatic β-cells regeneration in rats with diabetes

Giving coffee leaves Kawa Daun (Coffea canephora), which contains flavonoids and chlorophyll, which are antioxidants, is one of the therapies that may be used to treat diabetes mellitus, which is expected to affect 783 million people worldwide by 2045. This study, therefore, aims to demonstrate Kawa Daun decoction’s potency in lowering blood glucose levels and restoring pancreatic β-cells in rats with diabetes mellitus. Wistar rats (2-3 months, 200 g, n = 28) were used in this true experimental study, which applied a pre-post-control group design. Regular feeding + no intervention was for the group (K-); Kawa Daun was not provided to (K+) DM (alloxan) rats + regular feeding; (P1) DM rats (alloxan) received 3.6 ml/200 g BW/day of Kawa Daun decoction along with regular feeding; Kawa Daun decoction 7.2 ml/200 g body weight/day in addition to regular feeding was given to (P2) DM rats (alloxan). For 14 days, the intervention was given orally. A spectrophotometer was utilized to detect blood glucose levels, and histological analysis using H&E staining was employed to determine the state of the pancreatic β-cells. In comparison to the (K+) group, the intervention group significantly decreased blood glucose levels (p = 0.001), according to the findings. The P2 group's reduction in blood sugar levels (∆ = 139.33 mg/dl 38.45) was more significant than that of the P1 group (∆ = 109.17 mg/dl 35.32). Compared to the (K+) (27.1% damage) group, the intervention group's pancreatic β-cells revealed improvement according to the histopathological examination results. The group's (P2 = 14.9%) damage area was less than the group's (P1 = 22.4%). This study emphasizes how administering Kawa Daun decoction can improve blood glucose levels and reconstruct the pancreatic β-cells damage and its protection. Finally, this kind of leaf could be a substitute compound for diabetic herbal therapy.

A digital-based follow-up program to improve maternal competence in preterm home care- A true-experimental study

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to evaluate how a digital-based follow-up program affects maternal competence in preterm newborn home care. MethodsA true-experimental, pretest-posttest control group study was conducted on 80 mothers of preterm infants at a tertiary-level medical college hospital in Karnataka, India, using a structured knowledge questionnaire and observation checklist. The experimental group received a multi-component, digital-based follow-up program. ResultsThe competence of mothers in the experimental group improved significantly after the intervention, as evidenced by the between-group difference in knowledge and practice score (p = 0.000). ConclusionBecause it provides mothers with continuity of support, a digital-based follow-up program can be used to improve their ability to care for preterm babies.

Intradialytic range of motion exercise to enhance renal index among chronic renal failure patients receiving heamodialysis at sree balaji medical and hospital, chennai- pilot study report

True experimental research study was conducted at Haemodialysis’ Unit at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital among End stage Kidney disorder patients receiving haemodialysis to determine the efficiency of ROM exercise on selected Renal parameters by using purposive sampling technique 12 patients for control group and 12 from experimental were selected for the study based on inclusion criteria . Patients’ with heart disease, cancer and Hb less than 9gms were excluded from the study. The experimental group were received intradialytic ROM exercise and determined the Renal index measurements like Urea,Cr,SGOT and SGPT the findings were In pretest, there is no major difference between the experiment and control group, where as in post test the calculated student t test value as follows for Urea, creatinine,SGOT, SGPT t=2.14 p=0.05, t=3.35 p=0.01, t=2.99 p=0.01, t=2.46 p=0.05 respectively. For control group calculated values for renal parameters were t=1.22 p=0.27, t=1.12 p=0.30, t=1.04 p=0.33, t=1.20 p=0.28 respectively found to be non significant.