Triple Band Notch Research Articles

A Novel SWB Antenna with Triple Band-Notches Based on Elliptical Slot and Rectangular Split Ring Resonators

In this paper, a wideband antenna was designed for super-wideband (SWB) applications. The proposed antenna was fed with a rectangular tapered microstrip feed line, which operated over a SWB frequency range (1.42 GHz to 50 GHz). The antenna was implemented at a compact size with electrical dimensions of 0.16 λ × 0.27 λ × 0.0047 λ mm3, where λ was with respect to the lowest resonance frequency. The proposed antenna prototype was fabricated on a F4B substrate, which had a permittivity of 2.65 and 1 mm thickness. The SWB antenna exhibited an impedance bandwidth of 189% and a bandwidth ratio of 35.2:1. Additionally, the proposed antenna design exhibited three band notch characteristics that were necessary to eradicate interference from WLAN, WiMAX, and X bands in the SWB range. One notch was achieved by etching an elliptical split ring resonator (ESRR) in the radiator and the other two notches were achieved by placing rectangular split ring resonators close to the signal line. The first notch was tuned by incorporating a varactor diode into the ESRR. The prototype was experimentally validated with, with notch and without notch characteristics for SWB applications. The experimental results showed good agreement with simulated results.

Compact multiband planar monopole antenna for Bluetooth, LTE, and reconfigurable UWB applications including X‐band and Ku‐band wireless communications

In this article, a small-printed Bluetooth/LTE/UWB/X-band/Ku-band monopole antenna with high rejection triple band-notch is presented. Notched bands include WiMAX (IEEE802.16 3.30-3.80 GHz), WLAN IEEE802.11a/h/j/n (5.15-5.35 GHz, 5.25-5.35 GHz, 5.47-5.725 GHz, and 5.725-5.825 GHz), and downlink satellite system (7.1-7.9 GHz). By including inverted T-shaped stub and etching two C-shaped slots on the radiating patch, triple band-notch function is obtained with measured high band rejection (VSWR = 14.59 at 3.69 GHz, VSWR = 39.40 at 5.42 GHz, and VSWR = 6.43 at 7.57 GHz) and covers a UWB useable fractional bandwidth of 157.75% (2.285-19.35 GHz = 17.065 GHz). Reconfigurable characteristics are obtained using PIN diodes, which control the individual notched bands. Proposed antenna is printed on Rogers RT/duroid5880 substrate with compact dimensions of 20 × 22 mm2. Proposed antenna finds its applications for Bluetooth, LTE, UWB, other multiple wireless applications for close range radar (8-12 GHz) in X-band, and satellite communication in Ku-Band with omnidirectional pattern in H-plane.

Compact UWB Antenna With Integrated Triple Notch Bands for WBAN Applications

A triple-notch band planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is proposed for wireless body area networks (WBANs) to suppress unwanted signals of conventional narrow band communication technologies. These notch bands are WiMAX (3.3–3.8 GHz), WLAN (5.1–5.825 GHz), and ${X}$ -band downlink satellite communication systems (7.25–7.75 GHz). A complementary split ring resonator slot and two L-shaped stubs are introduced on an elliptical-shaped radiating patch to obtain UWB coverage from 2.9 to 12 GHz with three notch bands. The overall antenna structure is fabricated on FR4 substrate with a size of $12\,\,\text {mm} \times 19\,\,\text {mm}$ which provides a size reduction of more than 42% with respect to recent literature. The simulated and measured results indicate that the proposed antenna is a good candidate for WBAN applications.

Inverted-A based UWB MIMO antenna with triple-band notch and improved isolation for WBAN applications

A compact ultra wideband multiple–input multiple-output (UWB-MIMO) antenna with inverted-A monopole and band notch characteristics of LTE-A 43 band (3.8 GHz), C-band (3.9–4.2 GHz) and the IEEE 802.11ac band (5.1–5.85 GHz) with microstrip line feeding is proposed. The suppression of the inevitable mutual coupling for improved isolation is achieved by using a combination of techniques like orthogonal polarization, defected ground structure (DGS). The antenna has wideband impedance matching with S11 < −10 dB in the UWB frequency range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz and has a low mutual coupling with |S21| < −17 dB which can be inferred from the simulated and measured results. The antenna has a fractional bandwidth of 109.48%, envelope correlation coefficient of 0.035 and capacity loss of 0.358, which proves the diversity characteristics of proposed MIMO antenna.

Superwideband Triple Notch Monopole Antenna for Multiple Wireless Applications

In this paper a CPW-fed triple band notch characteristics superwideband antenna is presented for multiple wireless applications. Proposed antenna consists of elliptical guitar shaped radiating patch and modified rectangular ground plane for better impedance matching. Radiating patch consist of inverted T-shaped stub which is responsible for filtering WiMAX band and two elliptical slots which removes interfering WLAN and satellite downlink system. Proposed antenna covers superwideband of bandwidth 2.76–39.53 GHz with ratio bandwidth of 14.32:1 for Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ≤ 2. Proposed antenna is printed on Rogers RT Duroid5880 substrate with antenna dimension 27 × 32 × 0.787 mm3. A prototype antenna is fabricated and measured results shows good agreement with simulated results.

A state-of-art review on band-notch characteristics in UWB antennas

Ultra-wideband technology has experienced a rapid growth over the last decade for its contribution in different sectors of human society. Printed antennas are considered as preferred platform for implementing this technology because of its alluring characteristics like light weight, low cost, ease of fabrication, integration capability with other systems, etc. Antennas developed for ultra-wideband applications are desired to have notch characteristics for avoiding interference with other existing radio communication systems. The techniques related to design and developments of printed band-notched antennas are continuously upgraded for improving the antenna performance. In this article, a comprehensive review has been carried out on ultra-wideband antennas with band notch characteristics proposed in around last decade. The band notched UWB antennas available in the literature have broadly been classified into five different categories based on their notch characteristics like single band-notch, dual band-notch, triple band-notch, quad/multiple band-notch, and reconfigurable/tunable band-notch, respectively. This review exercise may be helpful for beginners working on ultra-wideband band-notched antennas and also such a review process is not available in the open literature to the best of author's knowledge.

Compact Size Triple Notched-bands UWB Antenna with Sharp Band-Rejection Characteristics at WiMAX and WLAN Bands

In this paper, a compact triple band-notched Ultra Wideband (UWB) antenna with sharp band-elimination features and controlled notched bandwidths is proposed and discussed. The design is made up of a rectangular-shaped patch UWB planar monopole antenna with double collections of band-notched configurations. The band-notched configurations are involved to produce the desired lower and upper stop bands with good frequency selectivity and suitable stop bandwidths. The first notch is realized by using a C-shaped slot etched in the radiating patch in order to eliminate the interference at the WiMAX (3.4 - 3.8 GHz) applications. The second and the third notches are realized together by using a pair of U-shaped resonators that are located beside the feed line in both sides to eliminate the interference with the lower WLAN (5.15–5.35 GHz) and the higher WLAN (5.725–5.825GHz) bands. Additionally, the bandwidths of the lower and upper stop bands can be control separately by changing the parameters of the band-notched configurations. Furthermore, the suggested triple notched bands UWB antenna is optimized, fabricated, and measured for verification purposes. The measured results are close to the simulated ones.

A novel miniaturized antenna with multiple band-notched characteristics for UWB communication applications

ABSTRACTA novel miniaturization planar ultra-wideband antenna with triple-notched bands is proposed. The antenna mainly consists of an elliptical patch, a rectangular split-ring patch with a π-shaped slit and a T-shaped slit, and two small additional patches. Two different type slits are adopted to realize multiple-notched bands and reduce the antenna size. The designed antenna has a small dimension of 17 × 16 × 1.6 mm3. The simulated and measured results show the antenna has a very wide impedance bandwidth of 2.96–19.0 GHz with Return Loss less than −10 dB, except triple notched bands of 3.30–3.72, 5.13–5.82 and 7.04–7.92 GHz, respectively, covering the WiMAX, WLAN and X-band systems. Furthermore, surface current distributions, gain, efficiency, radiation patterns and group delay characteristics of the antenna are also discussed. The results show that the antenna has high radiation efficiency, stable radiation pattern and lower group delay time.

Leaf‐shaped CPW‐fed UWB antenna with triple notch bands for ground penetrating radar applications

AbstractA compact (38.31 mm × 34.52 mm × 0.8 mm) leaf shaped CPW fed ultra‐wideband antenna is proposed. The antenna gives wide impedance bandwidth from 2.58 GHz to 11.62 GHz with sharp triple notch bands (3.28 GHz–3.82 GHz, 5.12 GHz–5.4 GHz, and 5.7 GHz–6 GHz) to eliminate interference from co‐existing IEEE 802.16 WiMAX (3.3 GHz–3.8 GHz), IEEE 802.11y (3.65 GHz–3.69 GHz), IEEE 802.11a WLAN (5.15 GHz–5.35 GHz and 5.725 GHz–5.825 GHz), and IEEE 802.11p DSRC (5.85 GHz–5.925 GHz) bands. The antenna provides minimal gain variation (2–5 dBi), flat group delay response and non‐varying transfer function with high average efficiency of 88% in the pass band. Significant drop in gain and efficiency, nonlinearity in transfer function, and high variation in group delay are observed at notch bands. Antenna VSWR, and efficiency are measured in close proximity of sand, wood, and glass. Satisfactory results ensure its ability to work as Ground penetrating radar antenna.

Compact UWB microstrip antenna with quadruple band-notched characteristics for short distance wireless tele-communication applications

In this paper, the design and simulation of a compact ultra-wide band (UWB) microstrip antenna with quadruple band-notched characteristics for short-distance wireless telecommunication applications were explored. The design process of the antenna is carried on FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.4, loss tangent 0.02, thickness of 0. 8mm and the size of the proposed antenna are 30×20 mm2. The rectangular monopole antenna endures a rectangular radiating patch with chamfered bevel slots on the top side, and a defective ground planed on the bottom side of the substrate. To realize single, dual, triple and quadruple band notch characteristics, slot-1 is created on the patch to achieve first notch at 3.5 GHz, which eliminates WIMAX signal, slot-2 is created on the patch to achieve second notch at 4.6 GHz, which eliminates INSAT signal, slot-3 is created on the patch to achieve third notch at 5.5 GHz, which eliminates WLAN signal and also fourth notch is created at 9.5GHz which eliminates X-band frequency with slot-1 outer length. The proposed antenna is well miniaturized and can be easily integrated with any compact devices. The simulated result shows that proposed antenna gain a good range of UWB from (2.6 GHz to 13.4 GHz).

Triple-Notched Band CPW fed UWB Antenna with Metallic Reflector for High Gain Performance

This paper exhibits the design and performance of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed triple notched band ultra-wide band (UWB) antenna. Proposed prototype has two U-shaped slots on the patch and an inverted U slot in feed line with a metal reflector beneath the radiating element. Proposed structure renders wider impedance bandwidth extended between frequencies 2.71GHz to 12.92 GHz for VSWR &lt; 2 with three rejection bands in the frequency ranges 3.456 to 3.988 GHz (WI-MAX IEEE 802.16), 5.27 to 6.032 GHz (WLAN IEEE 802.11 a/h/j/n) and 7.88 to 8.65 GHz (X-band down link satellite system) for VSWR &gt; 2. The utmost simulated gain of proposed antenna with reflector is close to 9.9dBi at 7.4GHz. A sharp reduction observed in the efficiency values of the proposed structure at stop bands. Perhaps, this structure proved as a useful tool for various applications in modern communication systems including UWB.

Compact UWB Antenna with High Rejection Triple Band-Notch Characteristics for Wireless Applications

In this paper, small printed flower-shape triple notch ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with high band rejection is presented. Notch bands include WiMAX (IEEE802.16 3.30–3.80 GHz), WLAN IEEE802.11a/h/j/n (5.15–5.35, 5.25–5.35, 5.47–5.725, 5.725–5.825 GHz), and X-band downlink satellite system (7.1–7.9 GHz). By including inverted T-shape stub and etching two C-shaped slots on the radiating patch, triple band-notch function is obtained with measured high band rejection (VSWR = 14.52 at 3.58 GHz, VSWR = 15.88 at 5.69 GHz and VSWR = 6.95 at 7.61 GHz) and covers a UWB useable fractional bandwidth of 114.30% (2.74–10.57 GHz = 7.83 GHz). In short the antenna offers triple band-notch UWB systems as a compact multifunctional antenna to reduce the number of antennas installed in wireless devices for accessing multiple wireless networks with wide radiation pattern. The proposed antenna has a small size of about 0.25λ × 0.30λ at 4.2 GHz (first resonance frequency), which has a size reduction of 30% with respect to the earlier published antenna. Both the experimental and simulated results of the proposed antenna are presented, indicating that the antenna is a good candidate for various UWB applications.

Compact Size UWB Monopole Antenna with Triple Band-Notches

Compact Size UWB Monopole Antenna with Triple Band-Notches

Multi Mode Resonators Based Triple Band Notch UWB Filter

A compact and highly selective triple band notch UWB (3.3 GHz -10.7 GHz) filter is presented. Low insertion loss UWB pass band characteristics is achieved by two coupled multi mode resonators (MMR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and MMR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ). Desired triple band notch characteristics and sharp UWB filter characteristics are achieved by introducing transmission zeroes (TZs). Three band notches are implemented to mitigate the potential interferer signals at 4.42 GHz (Radio altimeter ITU band), 5.54 GHz (WLAN) and 7.64 GHz (Satellite communications). Wide upper stop band is realized by incorporating a stepped impedance low pass filter structure. The filter is realized on a RT/Duroid 5880 substrate (ε <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 2.2 and thickness = 0.8 mm) and measured to validate the predicted results. The group delay of the filter is relatively constant and less than 0.45 ns over the desired pass band.

Square Shape Ultrawideband Antenna for Triple Band Notch Characteristics by Using Notch at Ground Plane

Square Shape Ultrawideband Antenna for Triple Band Notch Characteristics by Using Notch at Ground Plane

Design and analysis of triple band-notched micro-strip UWB antenna

Abstract In this paper, a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with triple notch bands is proposed. By etching out two ESRR of different dimensions in the radiating patch, two band-notched properties in the Wi-MAX (3–3.7 GHz), WLAN (5.125–5.825 GHz) are obtained. Furthermore, by placing SIR near the feed line–patch junction of the antenna, band notch property for the 7.9–8.4 GHz (X-band) frequencies is achieved. Design guidelines for implementing the notch-bands at the desired frequency regions are provided. The notched frequencies can be adjusted according to specification by altering the parameters of the ESRR and SIR. The effects of the key design parameters on band notch characteristics are also investigated. The realized antenna achieved an operating bandwidth (VSWR < 2) ranges from 2.94 to more than 11.3 GHz with triple notched bands of 3.0–3.7, 5.2–6.1, and 7.9–8.7 GHz. The proposed antenna is well designed and extensively investigated. The experimental results are given to verify that the proposed antenna with a wide bandwidth, three designated band-notched function which is suitable for modern high data rate UWB communication applications. The maximum simulated gain of the antenna is around 10.02 dBi with an average efficiency above 82.2% throughout the bandwidth.

UWB bandpass filters with triple notched band characteristics implemented using wave cancellation technique

ABSTRACTA novel planar bandpass filter structure is proposed with quasi‐elliptic response for ultra‐wideband (UWB) applications, that enables incorporation of triple notch bands within its passband response. The filter design is based on wave cancellation technique which is implemented by first splitting and then combining the signal. The split signals are processed through filtering structures that generate triple notch bands within the passband of the UWB filter response, as well as transmission zeros at the lower and upper cutoff frequencies to enhance the filter's selectivity. The UWB filter designed and fabricated has tri‐notch bands centered at 5.4, 5.8, and 8.2 GHz. The proposed filter is highly compact and miniature with dimensions of 20.7 × 9.8 mm2. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1875–1879, 2016

Multiple Band Notched Filter Using C-Shaped and E-Shaped Resonator for UWB Applications

In this letter, a highly selective ultra wide band (UWB) band pass filter (BPF) with triple notch bands is proposed using C-Shaped and E-Shaped resonators along with a triangular ring loaded stub resonator (TRLSR) resting on a multi-mode resonator (MMR). The MMR is constructed using a uniform transmission line and parallel coupled lines connected to 50 Ω feed lines at both ends. Five even and odd modes are created to achieve an UWB passband response. Additionally, two transmission zeros at lower and upper cutoff frequencies of the passband are formed by TRLSR which helps to get a high skirt factor (SF) of 0.975. In addition, multiple notch bands are created using λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> /2 resonators to reject three interfering frequency bands named as WiMAX, WLAN, and X-Band. The center frequency of each notch can be controlled by tuning the length of the resonator. The proposed filter is simulated, fabricated, and tested experimentally. Both the predicted and the measured results are in good agreement and replicating the behavior of the proposed filter.

Design of ultra wideband antenna with triple band notch for minimum EMI

In this paper, a compact design and analysis of ultra wideband (UWB) microstrip patch antenna with defected ground structure is proposed It's main feature is reduced electromagnetic interference and wide bandwidth. This design has the ability to work between 1.5 GHz and 10.75 GHz, with four notch frequencies. Here almost the whole UWB is covered except ISM band, Wi-Fi for 2.4 and 5 GHz, and some more applications. The proposed design consists of compact sized microstrip line fed patch antenna having dimension of 12.45 × 16 mm2 with U slot on the ground plane. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1521–1525, 2016

A compact fractal UWB antenna with reconfigurable band notch functions

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a compact reconfigurable single/dual notch band ultrawideband (UWB) antenna with triple notch band characteristics is presented for portable UWB applications. The desired compactness and wideband is achieved using fractals in antenna design. It has the compact dimensions of 24.5 mm × 20 mm. The single/dual notch band reconfigurability is demonstrated in WiMAX band as well as in X‐band using two p‐i‐n diodes for efficient utilization of UWB bands in case of no interference scenarios. The band rejections are obtained by introducing two C‐shaped slots in the fractal monopole, whereas band rejection in WLAN band is achieved by placing two C‐shaped single split ring resonator on either sides of feed line. In addition, the time‐domain characteristic of antenna is also evaluated in terms of fidelity factor, which is more than 0.71. These results illustrates that the presented antenna is appropriate candidate for portable UWB applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:509–514, 2016