Trichloroacetic Acid Method Research Articles

Comparison of Extraction Assays and Quantification of Protein from Ulva anandii (Cholorophycota)

Seaweeds contain many macronutrients including protein, therefore they can be utilized to fulfil the protein requirements of human beings. This research focused on extracting total protein in green seaweed Ulva anandii (Amjad et Shameel 1993), from the crude extracts, by using the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and acetone precipitation methods, and the estimation of crude extract (water-soluble proteins), and those obtained from the two above-mentioned methods. The results indicate that the water-soluble proteins had the highest quantity (949.75µg/mL) followed by the TCA precipitation method (831µg/mL), while the acetone precipitation method had the least concentration of total protein (100 µg/mL). The study concludes that treatment with organic solvents lowers the quantity of protein extracted from U. anandii.

Selection of oleaginous yeasts isolated from sugarcane bagasse as the potential producers of single cell oils and other metabolites

PurposeThe microorganisms that possess diverse and improved traits for biotechnological applications provide an opportunity to address some of the current industrial challenges such as the sustainability of fuel energy and food. The aim of this study was to isolate and select the potential yeast isolates from sugarcane bagasse for single oil production.MethodsThe oleaginocity of the yeasts was confirmed through a gravimetric analysis of lipids, Nile red, sulfo-phosphovanillin (SPV) and a gas chromatography method for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The identification of the selected yeasts was carried out through a 5.8S of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 26S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. The carbohydrate and protein contents were estimated using phenol-sulfuric acid and hot trichloroacetic acid method, respectively.ResultsThe yeast isolates accumulated lipids of between 28% and 67% of the dry cell weight, and 22–33% based on the SPV assay, qualifying them as oleaginous yeasts. The selected yeasts were identified as Candida ethanolica and Pichia manshuriica. The lipids contained high levels of fatty acids in the following order: oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and linoleic acid, which made up 82% of the total lipids.ConclusionAll the six selected yeast strains have the potential to produce single cell oils and other metabolites. The fatty acids composition of the selected yeast species was found to be suitable for the applications in biofuel, nutraceutical, and food industry. The yeast strains require evaluation in lignocellulosic hydrolysate for the production of single cell oils to be cost effective.

Evaluation of methods to eliminate analytical interference in multiple myeloma patients with spurious hyperphosphatemia.

The acid/molybdate assay performed on the Beckman Coulter AU5821 could be subject to paraprotein interference, which potentially results in spurious hyperphosphatemia. We attempted to find a reliable solution to eliminate paraprotein interference in laboratory test results and discuss the causes of paraprotein interference. We observed 50 multiple myeloma patients with serum paraproteins. We used the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) deproteinizing method to confirm that paraproteins indeed interfered with phosphate detection in the serum acid/molybdate assay. Furthermore, we used the dry chemical method (Vitros 5.1 FS, Johnson) and deionized water (H2O), normal saline (NS), and healthy human serum as alternative diluents. We assessed the clinical acceptability of the 4 methods by evaluating a bias percentage (bias%) lower than 10% under the premise of TCA treatment as a serum phosphate reference method. In total, comparing the results of the TCA treatment on the Beckman Coulter AU5821, 3/50 (6%) multiple myeloma patients exhibited phosphate pseudo-elevation (bias%>10%). Additionally, we found pseudo-hypophosphate only in immunoglobulin (Ig)G-kappa paraprotein samples, and all were above 50g/L. The bias% between TCA and dry chemical method for the 3 patients was below 10%. The maximum acceptable dilutions for patient 22 were 8-fold H2O, 4-fold H2O , and 2-fold serum; those for patient 45 were 16-fold H2O, 16-fold H2O, and 2-fold serum. However, the bias% of patient 40 was beyond the acceptable range in all 3 dilution groups. High concentrations of IgG kappa-type paraproteins are more likely to interfere with serum phosphorous detection. Both the TCA and dry chemical method can effectively eliminate paraprotein interference.

Effects of Different Deproteinization Methods on the Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides from Flos Sophorae Immaturus Obtained by Ultrasonic Microwave Synergistic Extraction

Flos Sophorae Immaturus (FSI) serves as one of the Chinese medicinal herbs of homologous provenance, whose polysaccharides constitute part of the active compounds that exert their pharmacological properties. Single-factor and response surface methodology were employed to investigate optimal extraction conditions for the ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction (UMSE) of polysaccharides from FSI (PFSI), which were deproteinized by Sevage, papain, and trichloroacetic acid methods, and the antioxidant potential of PFSI by contrasting deproteinization methods based on free-radical scavenging capacity. The optimum conditions for UMSE extraction of PFSI were 500 W microwave power, 265.887 W ultrasonic power, 20.078 min extraction time, and 94.995:1 liquid-to-material ratio. Meanwhile, the sequence of the single factors on the yield of polysaccharides indicated that microwave power > extraction time > D liquid to material ratio > B ultrasonic power, and that the obtained average value of polysaccharide yield was 37.05%, which was analogous to the predicted value of 37.17%, indicating that the optimization method was reasonable. In vitro, the antioxidant assay demonstrated that PFSI, with or without deproteinization, had a definite capability to scavenge oxidative free radicals. This research provides a theoretical basis for the industrial production of PFSI as a natural antioxidant, and a scientific basis for its industrial development.

Production and Characterization of a Novel Exopolysaccharide from Ramlibacter tataouinensis.

The current study examines the desiccation-resistant Ramlibacter tataouinensis TTB310T as a model organism for the production of novel exopolysaccharides and their structural features. This bacterium is able to produce dividing forms of cysts which synthesize cell-bound exopolysaccharide. Initial experiments were conducted on the enrichment of cyst biomass for exopolysaccharide production under batch-fed conditions in a pilot-scale bioreactor, with lactate as the source of carbon and energy. The optimized medium produced significant quantities of exopolysaccharide in a single growth phase, since the production of exopolysaccharide took place during the division of the cysts. The exopolysaccharide layer was extracted from the cysts using a modified trichloroacetic acid method. The biochemical characterization of purified exopolysaccharide was performed by gas chromatography, ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. The repeating unit of exopolysaccharide was a decasaccharide consisting of ribose, glucose, rhamnose, galactose, mannose, and glucuronic acid with the ratio 3:2:2:1:1:1, and additional substituents such as acetyl, succinyl, and methyl moieties were also observed as a part of the exopolysaccharide structure. This study contributes to a fundamental understanding of the novel structural features of exopolysaccharide from a dividing form of cysts, and, further, results can be used to study its rheological properties for various industrial applications.

A Non-Degradative Extraction Method for Molecular Structure Characterization of Bacterial Glycogen Particles.

Currently, there exist a variety of glycogen extraction methods, which either damage glycogen spatial structure or only partially extract glycogen, leading to the biased characterization of glycogen fine molecular structure. To understand the dynamic changes of glycogen structures and the versatile functions of glycogen particles in bacteria, it is essential to isolate glycogen with minimal degradation. In this study, a mild glycogen isolation method is demonstrated by using cold-water (CW) precipitation via sugar density gradient ultra-centrifugation (SDGU-CW). The traditional trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method and potassium hydroxide (KOH) method were also performed for comparison. A commonly used lab strain, Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), was used as a model organism in this study for demonstration purposes. After extracting glycogen particles using different methods, their structures were analyzed and compared through size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for particle size distribution and fluorophore-assisted capillary electrophoresis (FACE) for linear chain length distributions. The analysis confirmed that glycogen extracted via SDGU-CW had minimal degradation.

Painting CROSS TCA technique: Modification of the CROSS method for the treatment of atrophic acne scars-Case series.

The Chemical Reconstruction of Skin Scars (CROSS) technique was first described in 2002 and has since demonstrated safety and efficacy in multiple studies. We describe the treatment of six patients with a modified version of the CROSS method-the Painting CROSS trichloroacetic acid (TCA) technique. This technique has the advantage of offering even higher tissue selectivity and better control of the scar edges, enhancing both safety and efficacy. We retrospectively evaluated 31scars of six patients who underwent a single treatment by the Painting CROSS TCA method. A 0.3ml insulin syringe with a 30-gauge needle was filled with 0.05ml of 85% TCA solution and then applied to the scar base with slight pressure until frosting was achieved. Patients were evaluated before and 3months after treatment for scar volume deficit by a high-resolution three-dimensional imaging system. The average volume of the 31scars assessed in our study was 2.71mm3 before treatment and 1.96mm3 after treatment. There was a 26.3% average decrease in the volume of the scars after one treatment. Transient mild hyperpigmentation was noted in two patients after the treatment. Painting CROSS TCA technique has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of acne scars after a single treatment.

UV Detection and Avoidance of Protein in Basella alba leaf Mucilage Polysaccharide by differential precipitation

Objective: In the aim of refining mucilage polysaccharide extracted from the leaf of Basella alba, extraction and differential precipitation of the protein content was studied. This was attempted by pH adjustment by adding Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl). Materials and Methods: The presence of residual protein before and after deproteinization in the polysaccharide solution was detected by UV spectrum analysis. The % polysaccharide, % polysaccharide loss, protein concentration and the deproteinization efficiency were studied as comparative indices to evaluate the precipitation experimental conditions using pH adjustment. Results: The result showed that 10% w/v TCA precipitated over 80% of the protein when the pH of the aqueous polysaccharide solution was 3. Discussion: TCA was proved to be superior to hydrochloric acid as evidenced by the highest deproteinization efficiency (83.3%). The polysaccharides of all the extracted solutions obtained were identified with only slight variations in percentage. The Hcl method excelled over the TCA method in obtaining polysaccharides with little lower percentage of polysaccharide loss (13.94 %). Conclusion: The TCA method will offer a room for deproteinization of polysaccharides if optimization is studied.

Comparison of Two methods for precipitation Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein and Investigation of its protein profiles

Aims and objectives: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB) in humans. tuberculoprotein are a widely used for detection of primary infection with Mtb. The production of tuberculoprotein is accompanied by some difficulties that require a series of modifications in the production and purification processes. In this study, we aimed to compare two methods for precipitation Mycobacterium tuberculosis tuberculoprotein and investigated its protein profiles. Methods: Mtb C strain grown in Löwenstein-Jensen and Dorset Henley liquid medium. Bacteria were inactivated by subjecting to 68°C for 90 min. After inactivation the culture was filtered and tuberculoprotein were precipitated by ammonium sulfate (AS) and Trichloroacetic acid (TCA). Protein concentrations were determined by using the Lowry protein assay. In finally, the approximate molecular weights in the purified fractions were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-PAGE. Results: The results showed that concentration of extracted tuberculoprotein by AS precipitation method was lower than TCA method. SDS-PAGE pattern of proteins precipitation with TCA showed proteins with wide range of molecular weight but proteins precipitation with AS showed low molecular weight proteins. Conclusions: Finally the results of this study showed that optimum methods besides a novel approach of AS precipitation in production of tuberculoprotein are suitable and applicable.

Analysis of the polysaccharide fractions isolated from pea (Pisum sativum L.) at different levels of purification.

Crude pea (Pisum sativum L.) polysaccharides (CPPs) were extracted under ultrasound assistance, and CPP yield was highest to 6.27381%, which optimized using response surface methodology. Enzymatic method was more effective in deproteinization than Trichloroacetic acid and Sevag method, when considering the polysaccharide retention value as well as the protein clearance. Three-phase partitioning deproteinization indicated that the combination of the enzyme and Sevag method was more effective than their single use. Pea polysaccharide fractions were obtained by diethylaminoethyl-52 cellulose (W-DE-PP, N-DE-PP1, and N-DE-PP2) and Sephadex G-100 size-exclusion chromatography (W-DE-GPP, N1-DE-GPPa, and N1-DE-GPPb) in that order. Polysaccharide fractions W-DE-GPP and N1-DE-GPPa were showed a smooth surface with many cavities by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in 1,000 folds. All polysaccharides, characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), were composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and mannose, with the highest concentrations of galactose and glucose. Compared with different purification levels, N-DE-GPP showed the strongest activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals and the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power, which were similar to the results of W-DE-GPP. Therefore, W-DE-GPP and N-DE-GPP may be promising natural sources of antioxidants. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Recently, numerous studies on the extraction, purification, characteristics, and bioactivities of polysaccharides have been conducted. We mainly focused on the functional compounds of legumes. Comprehensive studies on pea polysaccharides are limited. Therefore, in the present study, extraction of CPPs was performed to optimize conditions using response surface methodology. Polysaccharide fractions were obtained from different purification levels and were chemically characterized using HPLC and SEM. Antioxidant activities of polysaccharides with different purification levels were determined. All the conventional methods, described in previous studies, were applied in the study. Furthermore, we analyzed and compared the characteristics of polysaccharides at different purification levels. We believe that our results would likely supplement the fundamental studies on pea polysaccharides.

Optimising deproteinisation methods and effect of deproteinisation on structural and functional characteristics of flaxseed gum

SummaryIn the current study, deproteinisation rate (DPR) and carbohydrate loss ratio (CLR) in flaxseed gum (FSG) were compared as indexes by using four different deproteinised methods, that is sodium chloride (NaCl), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). In addition, the effect of deproteinisation on physicochemical, functional and structural characteristics (FTIR, 1H NMR and SEM analysis) of deproteinised flaxseed gum (DFSG) was further examined. The results revealed that HCl and TCA methods had better ability of deproteinisation (97.83% and 96.21%) but resulted in higher CLR (27.66% and 24.19%), while CaCl2 method excelled over the NaCl method in DPR (94.7% and 88.6%) and CLR (4.90% and 4.21%), respectively. Flaxseed gum showed significant functional properties even after deproteinisation and exhibited resolved resonances for both ring and anomeric protons in 1H NMR spectra. The characteristic groups in FTIR spectra were retained after deproteinisation.

Effectiveness of Toothpony (Gazza minuta) protein hydrolysate on reducing oil uptake upon deep-frying

Toothpony (Gazza minuta) is not typically used for human consumption due to its small size and low meat content, which is widely used as a fish meal. It is stated to be high in protein content and may be suitable for fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) production. Deepfat fried foods contain significant amounts of fat, in some cases up to one-third of the total food weight after frying. Toothpony FPH with low oil-binding ability may reduce the amount of oil consumed by deep-fried products. The objective of this research was to measure the physicochemical properties of Toothpony FPH and its utilisation in reducing the oil intake of deep-fried food. Toothpony FPH was obtained using the enzymatic method successfully. Batter formulations are prepared by adding 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% of Toothpony FPH into the sample mixtures. The present study indicates the degree of hydrolysis of Toothpony FPH determined by trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method was found to be 98.02%. Toothpony FPH's molecular weight distributions ranged from 7 to 175kDa and FTIR's transmission spectrum indicated the presence of amide I and amide II compounds (1654 and 1535cm-1 ). Oil binding capacity of Toothpony FPH was found to be low, which was 1.9 g oil/ g protein. This study indicated that 4% of Toothpony FPH produced the optimum amount to be incorporated in batter in order to best reduce oil uptake. In sensory evaluation, deep-fat-fried squid incorporated with 8% of Toothpony FPH showed the highest acceptance in all attributes, which were colour, crispness, oiliness, taste and overall acceptability. This approach offers the potentials use of Toothpony fish FPH for the production batter formulation which is efficient in the reduction of oil uptake.

The Deproteinization, Antioxidant Acticities and Inhibitory Effect on α-Amylase of Polysaccharides from Corn Silk

An approach of deproteinization of polysaccharides from corn silk (CSPs) was established to improve the purity and activities of CSPs by investigating Sevag method, trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method and HCl method. Deproteinization rate, polysaccharide retention rate, antioxidant activities and inhibition α-amylase effects were used as indicative mark to select suitable deproteinization method of CSPs. The crude CSPs was extracted by the hot water method. Results showed that TCA method had higher deproteinization rate and polysaccharide retention rate than that of Sevag method and HCl method, and the deproteinization optimum concentration of TCA was 4%. Under the optimized conditions, the deproteinization rate and polysaccharide retention rate were 53.68% and 64.13% respectively. In terms of antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory effects, TCA-deproteinized CSPs (T-CSPs) had stronger activities, followed by Sevag-deproteinized CSPs (S-CSPs) and HCl-deproteinized CSPs (H-CSPs). Form a conclusion, TCA method was a good way to remove protein.

Selenylation modification: enhancement of the antioxidant activity of a Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharide.

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human beings and many other forms of life. Organic selenium from natural foods has greater bioavailability and is safer than inorganic selenium species. In this article, the structural properties and antioxidant activities of a Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharide (GUP) after selenylation modification were investigated. The GUP was extracted by water decoction and ethanol precipitation and purified via protein elimination using the trichloroacetic acid method and column chromatography. The purified product was subsequently modified by the nitric acid-sodium selenite (HNO3-Na2SeO3) method. The selenized GUP (SeGUP) product was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and its thermal stability, particle size, and antioxidant activities were investigated. FT-IR analysis indicated that the selenium in SeGUP existed mainly as O-Se-O. The thermal stability and particle size of SeGUP differed significantly from those of GUP. Moreover, compared to GUP, SeGUP exhibited greater antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that selenylation modification significantly enhances the antioxidant activity of SeGUP, increasing its potential for application as an antioxidant. Graphical abstract ᅟ.

Preparation, deproteinization, characterisation, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from cucumber (Cucumis saticus L.)

Preparation, deproteinization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from cucumber (Cucumis saticus L.) were investigated. The crude cucumber polysaccharide was extracted by hydrothermal method. It showed that the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method had the higher deproteinization percentage, but a little higher polysaccharide loss percentage than the CaCl2 method. The cucumber polysaccharide is linked by the β-glycosidic linkage. It consisted of d-glucose, d-mannose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, d-xylose, l-arabinose, d-glucuronic acid, and d-galacturonic acid. Their mole ratio was 6.00:4.03:8.31:2.82:2.75:6.60:1.05:5.79. Moreover, it proved that the cucumber polysaccharide had high scavenging ability to superoxide anions.

Protein hydrolysate waste of whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) as a way of adding value to fish and reducing the environmental liabilities of the fishing industry

As an alternative use of natural marine resources, processing waste from whitemouth croaker was used as raw material for the production of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). The biometric characterization of the raw material was determined, and the optimal conditions of the protease established using DH (degree of hydrolysis) as the criterion. Bromatological analyses were performed according to AOAC methods. The DH were determined by the TCA (trichloroacetic acid) method and expressed as a percentage of solubilized protein after hydrolysis compared to the total protein in raw material. The average yields of viscera, heads and carcasses were 7.4, 36.3 and 56.3%, respectively. The optimal conditions for enzyme action on the viscera were: 55°C, hydrolysis time of 90 min, and enzyme concentration of 0.4 mg mL -1 . For the muscle, the conditions established were: 45°C, 90 min, and 0.8 mg mL -1 . The dry matter of hydrolysate from viscera yielded 73.5% supernatant (soluble fraction) and 27.5% precipitate (insoluble fraction), while that from muscle yielded 45.7% and 54.3%, respectively. The hydrolysate from viscera presented 86.0% proteins, 0.4% lipids and 4.4% ashes in the soluble fraction, and 51.0% proteins, 25.8% lipids and 5.1% ashes in the insoluble fraction. The hydrolysate from muscle presented 86.0% proteins, 0.4% lipids and 9.0% ashes in the soluble fraction, and 87.0% proteins, 4.4% lipids and 2.4% ashes in the insoluble fraction. A lower degree of hydrolysis of hydrolysate from muscle than that produced from viscera was observed, demonstrating the different interactions between the enzyme and the residues studied.

Detection of malondialdehyde in processed meat products without interference from the ingredients

Our aim was to develop a method for accurate quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA) in meat products. MDA content of uncured ground pork (Control); ground pork cured with sodium nitrite (Nitrite); and ground pork cured with sodium nitrite, sodium chloride, sodium pyrophosphate, maltodextrin, and a sausage seasoning (Mix) was measured by the 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay with MDA extraction by trichloroacetic acid (method A) and two high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods: i) HPLC separation of the MDA-dinitrophenyl hydrazine adduct (method B) and ii) HPLC separation of MDA (method C) after MDA extraction with acetonitrile. Methods A and B could not quantify MDA accurately in groups Nitrite and Mix. Nevertheless, MDA in groups Control, Nitrite, and Mix was accurately quantified by method C with good recovery. Therefore, direct MDA quantification by HPLC after MDA extraction with acetonitrile (method C) is useful for accurate measurement of MDA content in processed meat products.

Comparison of Urinary Total Proteins by Four Different Methods

The total proteins in human urine have been compared by sulfosalicylic acid, sulfosalicylic acid with sodium sulphate and trichloroacetic acid methods with pyrogallol red molybdate method as there are no studies found quantifying imprecision and bias components. Fresh urine of 36 patients was analyzed by four methods. Imprecision and inaccuracy were determined by repeated analysis and method comparison studies using correlation plots, Bland and Altman, and Passing and Bablok regression analyses respectively. The coefficient of variation was 5.07% for pyrogallol red molybdate; 6.84% for sulfosalicylic acid; 3.97% for sulfosalicylic acid with sodium sulphate and 5.93% for trichloroacetic acid methods. Bland and Altman analysis showed a bias of 5.8, 1.7 and -5.4 for pyrogallol red molybdate versus sulfosalicylic acid, sulfosalicylic acid with sodium sulphate and trichloroacetic acid methods respectively. Passing and Bablok regression revealed a constant bias for pyrogallol red molybdate versus all turbidimetric methods but a proportional bias only with trichloroacetic acid method. Sulfosalicylic acid with sodium sulphate method is preferred to sulfosalicylic acid and trichloroacetic acid methods.

Extraction and Solubilization Methods Suitable for Proteomic Analysis of Common Bean Seed of Ivory Coast

The extraction and solubilization of proteins from seeds of Phaseolus vulgarisms for two-dimension polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and analysis by mass spectrometry are very sensitive procedures. In this study, we used two methods of extraction and solubilization of proteins, the urea/thiourea method and the trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone precipitation method, in order to determine their effectiveness in separating proteins from bean seeds by 2D-PAGE. In both methods, proteins were well separated by 2D PAGE with minor variations in the protein pattern. These two extraction methods showed that it was possible to separate hundreds of very resolvent proteins by 2D electrophoresis. A protein spot was selected on the 2D-PAGE gel, digested with trypsin and analyzed by mass spectrometry (LCMS/ MS). The results suggest that thiourea/urea and TCA methods were effective and reliable for the extraction and solubilization for 2D analysis of proteins from seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris .

Extraction of Peptidoglycan from L. paracasei subp. Paracasei X12 and Its Preliminary Mechanisms of Inducing Immunogenic Cell Death in HT-29 Cells.

L. paracasei subp. paracasei X12 was previously isolated from a Chinese traditional fermented cheese with anticancer activities and probiotic potential. Herein, the integral peptidoglycan (X12-PG) was extracted by a modified trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method. X12-PG contained the four representative amino acids Asp, Glu, Ala and Lys, and displayed the similar lysozyme sensitivity, UV-visible scanning spectrum and molecular weight as the peptidoglycan standard. X12-PG could induce the production of apoptotic bodies observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X12-PG could significantly induced the translocation of calreticulin (CRT) and the release of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), the two notable hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (ICD), with the endoplastic reticulum (ER) damaged and subsequently intracellular [Ca2+] elevated. Our findings implied that X12-PG could induce the ICD of HT-29 cells through targeting at the ER. The present results may enlighten the prospect of probiotics in the prevention of colon cancer.