Tribocorrosion Properties Research Articles

Tribocorrosion and tribological behavior of Ti-DLC coatings deposited by filtered cathodic vacuum arc

In order to improve the tribological and tribocorrosion performance of Ti-DLC films, a series of Ti-DLC films were prepared by filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique by controlling C2H2 flow rate. The microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological and tribocorrosion performance of Ti-DLC films with different C2H2 flow rates were investigated. As the C2H2 flow rate increased from 10 to 140 sccm, the columnar cross-sectional structure of the Ti-DLC films transformed to dense and uniform structure. The increase in C2H2 flow rate also resulted in an initial increase followed by a decrease in hardness and compressive stress. The results showed that the Ti-DLC films on substrate can significantly improve its tribology, anti-corrosion and anti-tribocorrosion properties. Under dry friction condition, the film prepared at 20 sccm with hardness of 49.1 GPa showed low wear rate at a reciprocating frequency of 1 Hz under a load of 2 N (2 N/1 Hz), however, the film was worn through due to the high compression stress at 10 N/5 Hz. The film at 140 sccm showed great tribology performance with the lowest coefficient of friction of 0.017 and the lowest wear rate of 5.91 × 10−8 mm3/N·m at 10 N/5 Hz, which was attributed mainly to the formation of sp2-carbon rich transfer layers on the counterpart. The tribocorrosion properties test demonstrated that the coating prepared at 140 sccm exhibited the best tribocorrosion resistance with the lowest coefficient of friction of 0.055, the lowest wear rate of 3.56 × 10−7 mm3/N·m and high stable value of OCP of 0.116 V under the synergistic action of corrosion and friction.

Controllable defect engineering to enhance the corrosion resistance of Cr/GLC multilayered coating for deep-sea applications

A cleaning intervention is introduced to control the growth defect of Cr/GLC multi-layered coating to avoid premature failure in the deep-sea environment. The results demonstrated that the introduction of the cleaning intervention significantly decreased the penetrating defect density as expected, together without deteriorating the superior mechanical and tribocorrosion properties. The localised corrosion resistance was improved dramatically in the simulated deep-sea environment. It was illustrated that controllable defect engineering can be an effective strategy for improving the anti-tribocorrosion performance of GLC coatings for harsh deep-sea applications.

A heterogeneous TiO2/SrTiO3 coating on titanium alloy with excellent photocatalytic antibacterial, osteogenesis and tribocorrosion properties

In order to meet the clinical demand for titanium implants, the heterogeneous structure of TiO2/SrTiO3 coating was in situ fabricated on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy by a facile way. The well-designed Ti6Al4V/TiO2/SrTiO3 composite exhibits a strong photocatalytic antibacterial efficiency against Escherichia coli (E. coli). The suitable energy band structure, improved light absorption and enhanced carrier separation of TiO2/SrTiO3 heterojunction facilitate the generation of bactericidal reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the illumination of UV light. The biocompatible SrTiO3 component effectively favors the adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) in vitro. It is worth noting that the dense oxide coating provides a reliable barrier against tribocorrosion for the titanium alloy substrate, and the wear volume loss of the Ti6Al4V/TiO2/SrTiO3 reduces to 1/8 of that of the bare Ti6Al4V alloy in simulated body fluid. In this work, a multifunctional coating system was proposed to provide inspiration for the development of novel artificial bone implant materials.

Structural-phase and tribo-corrosion properties of composite Ti3SiC2/TiC MAX-phase coatings: an experimental approach to strengthening by thermal annealing

Structural-phase and tribo-corrosion properties of composite Ti3SiC2/TiC MAX-phase coatings: an experimental approach to strengthening by thermal annealing

Surface engineering of wrought and additive layer manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy for enhanced load bearing and bio-tribocorrosion applications

The beneficial effect of surface engineering on the wear and corrosion performance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy for biomedical purposes has recently gained a lot of interest. To date, researchers have shown TiN ceramic coatings to be an effective strategy to improve the poor tribocorrosion properties of Ti-based alloys. However, coating degradation and adhesions remains a major hurdle to overcome for successful clinical translation. Recently, a duplex TPON + TiN treatment process on Ti-alloy has been suggested for applications involving with high contact loads. For the first time, this technique was extended to the Additive Layer Manufactured (ALM) Ti-6Al-4V alloys in an attempt to enable load bearing patient personalised implants. The bio-tribology and corrosion resistance of the coated ALM materials were compared with that of the coatings on conventional wrought manufactured alloy for orthopaedic applications. XRD analysis showed that the coatings on both substrates are primarily composed of TiN. The Knoop microhardness technique proved a tribologically effective diffusion layer with a case depth of 35–45 μm. The LC2 and LC3 values were measured above 40 N and 60 N which is an excellent cohesive and adhesive strength for these types of the coatings. Electrochemical measurements in both static and sliding conditions showed a quick recovery capability of the protective layer in 25% Foetal Bovine Serum (FBS) diluted in Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) electrolyte. The static electrochemical measurements also showed reduced corrosion current densities when compared to that of the bulk Ti-alloy. Coating on both substrates showed an excellent wear resistance which is correlated to the enhanced load bearing capacity of the coated surfaces. While the coating thickness was 3–6 μm, the wear depth was only 0.3 μm after 2 h of reciprocating sliding wear test.

Study on the Structure and Tribocorrosion Properties of Tialcrsi Coatings Prepared by Fcvad Technology with Various Carbon Contents

Study on the Structure and Tribocorrosion Properties of Tialcrsi Coatings Prepared by Fcvad Technology with Various Carbon Contents

Enhanced Mechanical, Corrosion, and Tribocorrosion Properties of Biomedical Zro2 Ceramic Coatings Prepared by Thermal Oxidation

Enhanced Mechanical, Corrosion, and Tribocorrosion Properties of Biomedical Zro2 Ceramic Coatings Prepared by Thermal Oxidation

Construction of a compact nanocrystal structure for (CrNbTiAlV)Nx high-entropy nitride films to improve the tribo-corrosion performance

(CrNbTiAlV)N x high-entropy nitride films were prepared using magnetron sputtering method. The effect of substrate bias on the microstructure, mechanical, electrochemical, and tribo-corrosion properties of the films was systematically studied. The results show that the microstructure of the film changes from a loose columnar structure to a compact nanocrystal structure with the increase of substrate bias, accompanied by the preferred orientation from (200) to (111). The hardness, modulus and residual stress are positively correlated with increased substrate bias, reaching the maximum values of 35.3 GPa, 353.7 GPa and −6.41 GPa at −156 V, respectively. Under static corrosion, the film deposited under −126 V has the most positive E corr of −0.05 V and the lowest i corr of 0.013 μA/cm 2 . Under tribo-corrosion, the films deposited at −96 V and −126 V show the lowest coefficient of friction (~0.2) and wear rate (~4.4 × 10 −7 mm 3 ·N −1 ·m −1 ), respectively. The evolution of microstructure and mechanical property are the main factors affecting the tribo-corrosion behavior of (CrNbTiAlV)N x films. • (CrNbTiAlV)N x high-entropy films were deposited at various substrate bias by magnetron sputtering. • The structure of the films changed from loose columnar to compact with the increase of substrate bias. • The hardness, modulus and residual stress of the films were positively correlated with increasing bias. • The influencing factors of (CrNbTiAlV)N x films under static corrosion and dynamic tribocorrosion were discussed.

Effect of laser texturing pattern on Ti6Al4V tribocorrosion in a physiological solution

Laser texturing is a process that alters a material’s surface properties by modifying its morphology, which can improve properties like adherence, wettability, thermal and electrical conductivity and friction. Here, the effect of laser texturing was studied on an alpha-beta titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) biomedical material. Two types of patterned surfaces, cross-hatch with varying scan-line separations, Δx = 100, 180 and 280 µm and dimples of 200 µm size, were prepared on the surface of alpha-beta titanium alloy by laser technology. Prepared samples were characterised for their surface properties, such as corrosion, wear-induced corrosion, friction and wettability. Electrochemical and tribocorrosion properties in a physiological solution were studied on the samples with different texture densities of cross-hatch pattern and dimples and compared to the as-received alpha-beta titanium alloy surface. Corrosion rate decreased for laser-textured samples, especially for cross-hatch texture (down to 1 µm/year for Δx = 180 µm) when compared to the as-received alpha-beta titanium alloy surface due to the changed laser-induced surface film and wetting properties. Friction coefficient slightly decreased for all laser-textured surfaces, most noticeably for cross-hatch patterns, from 0.38 (as-received) down to 0.34 (Δx = 180 and 280 µm). The main contribution to total wear in physiological solution increased due to the mechanical wear, which is governed by the removal of the surface oxide layer induced by laser texturing.

Enabling High-Performance Surfaces of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys via Femtosecond Laser Shock Peening with Ultralow Pulse Energy.

The fast degradation rate and poor wear resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys in physiological environments have limited their potential usage as next-generation biodegradable orthopedic implant materials. In this work, femtosecond laser shock peening (fs-LSP) was successfully applied to simultaneously improve the surface mechanical, corrosion, and tribocorrosion properties of WE43 Mg alloys in blood bank buffered saline solution at body temperature. Specifically, the treated surfaces of WE43 Mg alloys via fs-LSP with ultralow pulse energy were investigated under different power densities, confining mediums, and absorbent materials. It was found that the combination of a black tape and a quartz layer gave the optimum peening effect under a power density of 28 GW/cm2, which simultaneously strengthened the surface and reduced the corrosion kinetics. In addition, a rapid self-repassivation was observed in fs-LSP-treated WE43 surfaces during tribocorrosion, promising sustained corrosion resistance under mechanical loading, critical to the reliability of load-bearing implants. Finally, the subsurface microstructural evolution and residual stress development in WE43 after fs-LSP were discussed based on the results from transmission electron microscopy analysis and finite element simulations.

Effect of Potential and Microstructure on the Tribocorrosion Behaviour of Beta and Near Beta Ti Alloys II

Titanium alloys, especially Ti6Al4V, are commonly applied in orthopaedic implants as a result of their relatively low density, good corrosion properties, satisfactory biocompatibility and bone ingrowth promoting properties. However, Ti implants are susceptible to mechanical failure. Although corrosion and wear related problems have been recognized as a major issue impeding their long-term application, there is still a lack of knowledge about the basic mechanisms. Previously, the tribocorrosion properties of 4 distinct titanium alloys (Ti13Nb13Zr, Ti12Mo6Zr2Fe, Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr aged at 300 °C and at 400 °C) was analysed in the published Part I of this study in regard to wear rates, electrochemical behaviour, and the tribocorrosion synergism estimations. This work, Part II, contributes to the previous study and investigates the tested surfaces of these 4 Titanium alloys from the same tribosystem aiming to characterize the wear track surfaces and identify the main wear mechanism, to characterize the tribofilm and to investigate the subsurface alterations occurring under varying contact pressures and electrochemical potentials. The results indicated a dominant abrasion wear mechanism regardless of microstructure, electrochemical potential and normal load (contact pressure). Additionally, grain refinement observed on the subsurface varied with alloy and electrochemical potential, with the variation being mostly independent of alloy microstructure. Finally, a graphitic tribofilm was detected in most conditions, which while inconsequential in regard to wear, may explain the previously observed reduction of friction.Graphic

Influence of zinc sulfate concentration in baths on the structure, morphology and tribocorrosion properties of Fe-Zn alloy coating

To address the glazing issue of impregnated diamond bit in drilling hard and compact rock formations, Fe-Zn alloys were electrodeposited from acid sulfate baths and the surface morphology , phase composition, microhardness and tribocorrosion property of the deposits were studied. As the ZnSO 4 concentration increased from 0 g/L to 20 g/L, the morphology of deposits changed from fine-grained clusters to triangular based pyramids, and finally to granular grains. α phase, η phase and a mixture of α phase and η phase were identified in Fe-Zn coatings. And the microhardness of the deposits is influenced by the Zn content and grain size of Fe-Zn alloy. Furthermore, tribocorrosion behaviors of the deposits were investigated in NaCl solutions by electrochemical measures (potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical current noise) with an abrasion-corrosion rig. Results of tribocorrosion tests showed that the primary form of the material loss was pure mechanical wear , except the deposit obtained at 20 g/L ZnSO 4 , whose mass loss due to corrosion-induced abrasion contributed most to its total material loss. The degradation mechanism of Fe-Zn deposits was also detailed in this paper. • Fe-Zn alloy was electrodeposited from an acid bath with improved stability. • The morphology of Fe-Zn deposits changed with the variation of phase structure. • Fe-Zn coating with 20% Zn provided the best combination of hardness and mass loss. • The wear mechanism of Fe-Zn deposits in silica slurry with NaCl was discussed.

A tribocorrosion investigation of SLM fabricated ti6al4v nanocomposites by laser rescanning and GO mixing

PurposeTi6Al4V is a widely used metal for biomedical application due to its excellent corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and mechanical strength. However, a coupling reaction of friction and corrosion is the critical reason for the failure of implants during the long-term service in human body, shortening the life expectancy and clinical efficacy of prosthesis. Hence, this study aims to find a feasible approach to modify the service performances of Ti6Al4V.Design/methodology/approachSelective laser melting (SLM), as one of the emerging metal-based additive manufacturing (AM) technologies is capable for fabricating patient-specific personalized customization of artificial prosthesis joints, owing to its high adaptability for complex structures. This study is concerned with the tribocorrosion behavior of SLM fabricated Ti6Al4V substrate enhanced by laser rescanning and graphene oxide (GO) mixing. The tribocorrosion tests were performed on a ball-on-plate configuration under the medium of simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the surface morphologies, microstructures, microhardness and contact angle tests were used to further reveal the in-situ strengthening mechanism of GO/Ti6Al4V nanocomposites.FindingsThe results suggest that the strengthening method of GO mixing and laser rescanning shows its capability to enhance the wear resistance of Ti6Al4V by improving surface morphologies and promoting the generation of hard phases. The wear volume of R-GO/Ti6Al4V is 5.1 × 10−2 mm3, which is 25.0% lower than that of pure SLM-produced Ti6Al4V. Moreover, a wear-accelerated corrosion of the Ti6Al4V occurs in SBF medium, leading to a drop in the open circuit potential (OCP), but R-GO/Ti6Al4V has the lowest tendency to corrosion. Compared to that of pure Ti6Al4V, the microhardness and contact angle of R-GO/Ti6Al4V were increased by 32.89% and 32.60%, respectively.Originality/valuePrevious investigations related to SLM of Ti6Al4V have focused on improving its density, friction and mechanical performances by process optimization or mixing reinforcement phase. The authors innovatively found that the combination of laser rescanning and GO mixing can synergistically enhance the tribocorrosion properties of titanium alloy, which is a feasible way to prolong the service lives of medical implants.

Effect of post-additive manufacturing surface modification temperature on the tribological and tribocorrosion properties of Co-Cr-Mo alloy for biomedical applications

In this paper, the effect of post-additive manufacturing (AM) surface modification temperature on the tribological and tribocorrosion properties of Co-Cr-Mo alloy was investigated. A Co-Cr-Mo alloy, which is mainly used as a bearing surface for manufacturing a femoral head in MOM (metal-on-metal) bearings, was treated by ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) at ambient temperature (AT) and high temperature (HT). This study aimed at reducing the coefficient of friction (COF), specific wear rate (SWR) and also at enhancing the tribocorrosion resistance (TCR) of AM-based Co-Cr-Mo alloy by the application of UNSM. UNSM at HT sample demonstrated better tribological and tribocorrosion properties than the UNSM at AT and the as-printed Co-Cr-Mo alloy samples. COF and SRW reduction and TCR enhancement mechanisms were comprehensively discussed based on the changes in surface morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties after UNSM at AT and HT. Several biomedical applications that are being used a cast/wrought Co-Cr-Mo alloy may be benefited from the reduction in COF and SRW, and enhancement in TCR of Co-Cr-Mo alloy manufactured by AM and a replacement of cast/wrought with AM-based one can be considered.

A Real Time Electrochemical Analysis of Co-Sputtered (Co-Cr) and (Co-Cr-Mo) Alloy Thin Film Libraries in Ringer’s Solution at 37 oc

Cobalt-based alloys are used as total hip replacement prostheses due to their exceptional tribocorrosion properties in the human physiological environment[1]. Due to continuous mechanical and corrosive conditions, the dissolution of Cr and Co in the body fluid is unavoidable. These metallic particles and ions can cause cancer and gene mutation in the body, therefore their leaching should be diminished by proper passivation[2].In this work, two combinatorial thin film libraries namely a binary Co-Cr and a ternary Co-Cr-Mo were prepared by means of co-sputtering. Both libraries were characterized by state of the art high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The chromium content for binary Co-Cr library varied from 14-40 at.% (balanced Co) while for ternary Co-Cr-Mo library a compositional spread of Co (46-79 at.%), Cr (17-48 at.%) and Mo (3-11 at.%) was obtained. In both libraries roundish spike shaped grains were revealed at high cobalt content which gradually changed to refined and compact grains with the increment of Cr. Similarly, molybdenum (>-7 at.%) brought additional grain refinement. Furthermore, weak, and broad XRD peaks of rt HCP and ht FCC pure Co were disclosed at nearly all compositions. No intermetallic phase was determined in either library.The real time electrochemical screening and corrosion stability were accomplished by a in house-built flow type scanning droplet cell microscope (FT-SDCM) in conjunction with an inductively couple plasma optical emission spectroscope (ICP-OES). Various electrochemical techniques i.e. open circuit potential, linear sweep voltammetry and Tafel extrapolation were utilized. No significant passive behavior was obtained for the alloys containing the Co content higher than (68-70 at.%) irrespective of Cr and Mo concentration. However, further increment in the Cr content significantly improved the alloy nobility and restricted the active to passive dissolution. The addition of Mo improved the transpassive dissolution. A graphical model was developed on the basis of this study and a composition range of (7-10) at.% Mo and (36-48) at.% Cr (complementary Co) is recommended as likely candidate for biomedical use.

Tribocorrosion Behavior of Typical Austenitic, Martensitic, and Ferritic Stainless Steels in 3.5% NaCl Solution

Tribocorrosion behaviors of typical austenitic (ASTM 316), martensitic (ASTM S41500), and ferritic (ASTM S44660) stainless steels were investigated in a 3.5% NaCl solution under cathodic protection conditions, and variations in the microstructures and chemical compositions of worn surfaces were further analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient and wear rate of austenitic steels were lower than those of ferritic and martensitic steels in 3.5% NaCl solution with cathodic protection. Additionally, the tribocorrosion properties of ferritic steels were obviously unaffected by load. Wear mechanisms of the three typical stainless steels mainly included abrasive wear at lower loads and plastic deformation at a higher loads. Furthermore, in austenitic steels, variations in microstructure and chemical composition confirmed that a higher load was beneficial to the transformation of austenite to martensite; thus, the hardness and wear resistance were improved. Compared with austenitic steels, the phase compositions of martensitic and ferritic steel were more stable during sliding, and the surface hardness of martensitic steel increased due to the surface phase and microstructure transformations induced by sliding. In addition, the total damage to steel was mainly caused by mechanical wear and the interaction between corrosion and wear. Therefore, ASTM S44660 and 316 were suitable for high-load corrosion-wear environments and low-load corrosion-wear environments, respectively, providing guidance for material selection under practical conditions.

Investigation of corrosion and thermal behavior of PU–PDMS-coated AISI 316L

Abstract Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used from biomedical to industrial applications due to its nontoxic, hydrophobic, and transparent characteristics. PDMS has good thermal and adhesion properties; however, its mechanical properties are comparatively weak. Therefore, PDMS is blended with various polymers to effectively improve its mechanical properties. In this study, polyurethane (PU)–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) blended coatings of different concentrations were applied on the AISI 316L stainless steel surface. Their effects on corrosion and tribocorrosion properties were investigated in Ringer’s solutions. The blended polymer coatings were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermal properties of samples were examined by TGA and DSC. The surface images and cross-sectional were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tribocorrosion tests were carried out at open circuit potential (OCP). It was determined that hydrophobicity and thermal stability of polymer coating increased, while corrosion resistance slightly decreased with the increasing PDMS concentration in the polymer blended. The friction coefficient of blends decreased as the PU concentration increased. As a result, it was determined that the polymer-coated samples containing up to 50% PDMS prevented corrosive wear under the OCP wear test in Ringer’s solutions.

Tribocorrosion behaviors of nc-TiC/a-C:H nanocomposite coatings: In-situ electrochemical response

Tribocorrosion is a complex process coupled with wear and corrosion behaviors in aggressive solutions, which is closely related with in-situ electrochemical response in terms of the transient variation coefficient of friction (COF) and open circuit potential (OCP). Hence, in this work, nc-TiC/a-C:H nanocomposite coatings were deposited using filtered cathodic vacuum arc at various C2H2 flow rates (fC2H2). With an increase of fC2H2 from 20 to 70 sccm, the coatings exhibit the structure evolution from (111)-texture to random orientation along with the decreasing crystallinity degree. Dense microstructure and smooth morphology are obtained in nc-TiC/a-C:H nanocomposite coatings. The sp2/sp3 ratios show an initial increase from 2.2 to 2.8, then followed by a decrease to 2.5. Accordingly, the decrease of hardness(H), hardness and effective Young's modulus (E*) ratio (H/E*), and H3/E*2 are obtained from 45.8 GPa, 0.12 and 0.67 at 20 sccm to 30.7 GPa, 0.11 and 0.38 at 70 sccm, respectively. Moreover, in potentiodynamic polarization tests, the coatings deposited at 70 sccm show the highest corrosion potential of 0.14 V and corrosion current density of 4.67 × 10−8 Acm−1 , thanks to the contribution from amorphous carbon phase. During tribocorrosion tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution, however, the coatings at 20 and 70 sccm exhibit mild abrasive wear with similar values of COF of 0.2, OCP of -0.025 V and specific wear rate of 1.03 × 10−6 mm−3 N−1 m−1. The enhanced tribocorrosion properties of the coating at 20 sccm are attributed to the high hardness, H/E* and H3/E*2. The amorphous carbon phase in the coating at 70 sccm makes up for the deficiency of hardness, H/E* and H3/E*2. Moreover, in cycling tribocorrosion tests, nc-TiC/a-C:H nanocomposite coatings reveal that passive films formed on sliding contact surface possess a strong ability of regeneration and self-repairation.

Sliding speed influence on the tribo-corrosion behaviour of Ti6Al4V alloy in simulated body fluid

Ti6Al4V is used in a wide variety of engineering applications and extensively in orthopaedics implants because of the excellent combination of the high specific strength and superior corrosion resistance. However, Ti6Al4V possesses poor tribological properties. The present work investigated the effect of reciprocating sliding speed on tribocorrosion properties of Ti6Al4V alloy under cathodic and open circuit potentials in simulated body fluid. The results showed a strong influence of the sliding speed on the microstructure of the worn surfaces and consequently on the wear rate under tested conditions. The wear rate at low sliding speeds was an order of magnitude lower compared to that at the faster sliding speed. Synergistic and antagonistic behaviour was strongly associated with the sliding speed.

Tribocorrosion Behaviour of Biomedical Porous Ti–20Nb–5Ag Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid

Porous Ti–20Nb–5Ag (wt.%) alloy was developed using powder metallurgy (PM) route with the porosity of 43% after sintering in a high vacuum atmosphere. The microstructure of the porous alloy revealed various micro, macro and interconnected pores with an average pore size of about 114 µm. Tribocorrosion behaviour of the porous alloy was examined in simulated body fluid under the various applied load of 1–10 N using DC electrochemical corrosion technique and kinetic parameters (corrosion potential, corrosion current density and breakdown potentials). After tribocorrosion test, the OCP values decreased from 0.17 to − 0.49 VSCE as applied load was increased. The potentiodynamic polarization results revealed that the corrosion potential decreased, while corrosion current density increased under higher applied loads. Active–passive transition plots showed metastable passivity due to severe fluctuations of passive current density. After tribocorrosion, the surface morphology was analysed using SEM, and it exhibited the severity of wear tracks at higher applied loads. The results indicated that the developed porous Ti–20Nb–5Ag alloys exhibit better tribocorrosion properties in simulated body fluid. Through observations of SEM images of the worn surfaces, the visible scratches and deep grooves were observed along the sliding direction, indicating a predominant abrasive mechanism.