Tribal Youth Research Articles

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTUS OF AGRIPRENEURS-AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

India is an agricultural nation with good land availability for agricultural activities, and a sizable population is still engaged in agriculture and enterprises that are related to it. Agripreneurship may boost the economy, increase revenue, and open many business opportunities in rural regions. Effective agricultural entrepreneurship efforts may also help the agripreneurs who are dealing with long-term economic issues including urbanization, poverty, and unemployment. They deal with issues like financial difficulties in supporting farmers, promoting agricultural products, transportation, women's emancipation, tribal youth development, and a few others. These issues include income diversification, growth, increased employment, new technology, and the best possible use of the available resources. The main issue with liberalization, privatization and globalization is that the entire region has become like a neighbouring market in which our farmers and commodities will have to compete with foreign companies in terms of quality and price. The Indian economy is primarily agrarian. Agriculture directly employs around 65 percent of the Indian people and accounts for 16-17 percent of India's GDP. The present survey is being conducted in the Ongole area of the Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh. The paper is aimed at problems &prospects of agriprenures. The questionnaire is prepared with 21 relevant questions to collect primary data. Respondents were asked to respond on five points lickered scale. The questionnaire is given to 128 people among agriprenures and 105 are returned and 90 responded properly. To analyses, the primary M.S excel has been used. Channel of distribution & Financial support is as significantly affecting the agrepreneurs.

An Assessment of American Indian Forestry Research, Information Needs, and Priorities

AbstractNative American and Alaska Native tribes manage millions of acres of land and are leaders in forestry and fire management practices despite inadequate and inequitable funding. Native American tribes are rarely considered as research partners due to historically poor relationships with non-native scientists, tribal mistrust of research, differences between Indigenous values and scientific methods, and low Indigenous representation at research institutions. Understanding tribal research needs is critical to foster successful research partnerships with underserved tribal communities. This study expands on a 2011 tribal research needs assessment with a survey to identify tribal natural resource professionals’ research needs, access to research findings, and interest in participating in research. Information needs identified in our survey includes forest health, water quality, culturally significant species, workforce and tribal youth development, cultural importance of water, and invasive species. Additionally, postfire response and valuation, resilience and long-term forestry, protecting and curating tribal data, and Indigenous burning were more important research needs for tribal members than for nontribal members. This study can inform forestry research planning efforts and establish ­research priorities and collaborations that are aligned with needs identified by tribal natural resource managers.Study Implications: There is a growing desire to broaden forestry research to support tribal forest management. This study shows that tribal research priorities include forest health, water quality, culturally significant species, workforce development/training, tribal youth development, cultural importance of water, and invasive species. Additionally, postfire response and valuation, resilience and long-term forestry, protecting and curating tribal data, and Indigenous burning were ranked of higher importance by tribal members than nontribal members. This study can inform federal research entities, universities, and natural resource management agencies in planning and establishing research priorities that are aligned with the needs identified by tribal resource managers.

Participation of Tribal Youth in On-Farm and Off-Farm Activities

Background: More than 50.00 percent of India’s current population is below the age of 25 years and it highlighted the importance of youth in the country’s development. The study on tribal youth is an essential exercise in comprehending and combating their various problems as tribal youth belonged to disadvantage social groups and suffer from many crippling problems that retard their development.
 Methods: The study was under takes in Dhanora and Etapalli tahsil of Gadchiroli district. 140 tribal youth were selected from 14 villages of 2 tahsils, an exploratory research design of social research was used and the data were collected with the help of a structured and pretested interview schedule.
 Results: The findings revealed that the majority of tribal youths regularly participated in land preparation viz, ploughing of land (72.14%), spreading of FYM (63.57%), and leveling of land (52.14%), and occasionally participated in harrowing (52.14%) and crushing (50.00%), they were regularly participating in transplanting (73.57%), sowing activities (63.57%) and occasionally seeds treatment (70.00%) and selection of seeds (57.86%). The majority of them occasionally participated I n intercultural operations. The majority of tribal youths regularly participated in off-farm activities, Temdu patta cutting (60.71%) and collection of Mahua flowers and fruits (53.57%).

Factors Affecting the Involvement of Tribal Youth in Agricultural Livelihood Activities in Dindori District of Madhya Pradesh, India

In tribal areas mode of livelihood is different among different population but all category of people is dependent on agriculture for their livelihood directly or indirectly, fully or partially,. There are some groups of people who could not reached at the stage of agriculture, they are still miles away from agriculture and pastoralism. The Baigas of Central India are recently forced to practice settled mode of agriculture. Before they were practicing shifting cultivation, they had various mode of livelihood. They still enjoy their traditional mode of livelihood, i.e. hunting and food gathering in the deep forest. They are also fond of fishing. Many tribal youths are faced with difficulty of maintaining livelihoods and consequently, poverty remains exist among them. The importance of income generating activities to tribal livelihood cannot be over-emphasized. This paper examines the factors influencing involvement of tribal youth in agricultural income generating livelihood activities in Dindori district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Purposive multistage random sampling was used to collect data from 250 respondents, majority of respondents had medium mass media exposure with medium urban contact for income generating activities. There was significant relationship between involvement in agricultural income generating activities and socio-personal-economic, psychological and communicational attributes of the respondents. Therefore, it is recommended that when developing and planning programmes aimed at enhancing tribal youths' livelihoods, the government and NGOs should take into account all agricultural income-generating activities that tribal youths engage in as well as the aforementioned factors influencing their involvement.

Does Knowledge Evolution Matter? Reflection on Alpine Tribes Industry, Development, and Transformation

Young aboriginals are emigrating from their homelands to cities to become laborers working in basic production-related jobs, hampering the sustainability of the alpine tribes. This study examines the critical demands of Tungpu Daigaz, an alpine tribe in Taiwan, through in-depth interviews and questionnaires. Based on the analytical results, we propose that for the alpine tribe, the government should further improve transportation, add value to featured tribal products, and close the consensus gap among tribes. Whereas previous studies have recommended strategies, including loans and human resource training, we believe that the improvements should be accomplished through acquisition, transmission, creation, and use. This study establishes a KBD model to construct industrial knowledge for Tungpu Daigaz. Knowledge translation is carried out by integrating new hunter knowledge with tribal opinions. Knowledge transmission is then performed to encourage group learning. Long-term development depends on knowledge creation by tribes. We suggest that the government build a hub for the industries connecting Tungpu hot spring with the tribal resources and enhance sustainable development through tribal mountain guides and the hunting culture of Tungpu Daigaz. The knowledge-hunting developmental model can balance Tungpu Daigaz while developing the culture and wisdom of alpine tribes, solve the problems of tribal development, and ensure environmental protection and sustainable development. This study establishes a circulation system of new hunter knowledge based on a comprehensive understanding of the demands of local development for knowledge creation and skill integration, cooperation with external expertise and young innovative knowledge of tribal youths, and co-management with self-media. This novel KBD model can promote tribe sustainability.

Challenges and Opportunities for Start-up Innovation and Entrepreneurship as Tools Towards Knowledge-based Economy: A Study of Tribal Youth of the TSP Region of Southern Rajasthan of India

The goal of this study was to look at the start-up ecosystem and entrepreneurial environment among tribal youth in the Tribal Sub-Plan area of Southern Rajasthan by assessing their predicament and working conditions. The study looked at the obstacles, challenges and possibilities that start-ups and new enterprises face, as well as how they may be used to create economic, political and social change by helping society towards a knowledge-based economy. The study’s goal is to underline the vital role of start-ups, and instead of seeing start-ups and challenges as two separate things, we may connect the two and ‘use’ start-ups to solve these problems, specifically by innovating in areas where tribal society’s most pressing problems exist.

The digital divide, gender and education: challenges for tribal youth in rural Jharkhand during Covid-19

When analysing the Covid-19 pandemic potential consequences on education, it is evident that it had adverse effects on the existing educational inequalities worldwide. However, little is known about how the digital divide have worsened the conventional educational system and reinforced pre-existing gender inequalities among the historically marginalised communities. This research paper explores how the pandemic, along with digital divide, deteriorated the educational system among the socially deprived groups (i.e. tribals also known as indigenous or Adivasis) and place them in a disadvantageous position. The paper reflects on how the Covid-19 pandemic re-configured the pre-existing issues of educational inequalities and how the digital dived have been manifested in a way that has particularly affected the young tribal girls. For this study, semi-structured interviews with tribal students, their parents and teachers residing in a remote area of Jharkhand, India, were conducted to understand their experiences of shifting to online education mode. Other than accessibility and infrastructure issue, the findings reveal that the elements of cultural and social issues (related to perceived benefits of education for girls and mindset or beliefs parents and teachers towards effectiveness of digital mode of education delivery) create and reinforce the digital divide for the tribal girls in the hinterlands. Based on the information collected from the interview, the study emphasises on re-thinking the digital learning ecosystem and provide policy recommendations to counteract the worsening digital divide and educational inequalities among socially deprived groups.

Participatory problems identification in goat rearing through rank based quotient method in Rajasthan, India

Goat farming is a suitable option for revenue generation for small-scale farmers and tribal people as it requires meager investment. Goats can efficiently survive and sustain on sparse vegetation and extreme climatic conditions. Hence, a study was undertaken in the tribaldominated Banswara district of Rajasthan state to identify problems perceived by youths in goat rearing. A total of 73 tribal youth responded to the study. RBQ technique was employed to identify the problems in goat farming. Predators attack was identified as a major problem (87.67%), followed by lack of funding and unavailability of improved goat breeds (87.24%). So, this study recommended that to prevent goats from predators, proper housing is necessary. So, KVK should maintain follow-ups with participants and provide financial help to initiate venture after skill development. Therefore, youths’ migration from rural to urban area could be optimized intribal areas. In addition to the ARYA project, the integration of various government schemes would benefit scaling up this profitable venture for tribal youths.

Constraints for Entrepreneurship in Agriculture

The concept of entrepreneurship is multidisciplinary in nature embodying economic, psychological, social, cultural, political as well as environmental characteristics. It depends on several factors social, psychological, political and also economical. The present study was conducted through an online survey of 100 purposively selected participants belonging to Scheduled Tribes communities of A.P who have enrolled in the online certificate courses offered by Distance Learning Centre of ANGRAU from 2018–2021. The study explored the preferences of rural youth for taking up small scale enterprises, the motivational factors for entrepreneurship and potential obstacles. The results indicated that majority of the participants (58%) preferred to engage in locally suitable and traditional enterprises while 42 per cent want to take up new enterprises. Major motivating factor was expressed as Govt support (44%) followed by family support (27%), availability of inputs (19%) and training (10%). The findings of this study also highlighted the potential constraints for tribal youth to take up entrepreneurship as financial followed by technological, social and personal constraints.

Role of MSMEs in the Start-up Ecosystem With Reference to the Tribal Youth of Rajasthan

Role of MSMEs in the Start-up Ecosystem With Reference to the Tribal Youth of Rajasthan

Tribal Youth Dormitories of Assam and their Social Significance

Tribal Youth Dormitories of Assam and their Social Significance

Agri-entrepreneurial training needs of tribal youth in Odisha state, India

Tribal youth form a considerable part of the country’s tribal population. They face risks related to education,employment, training, drug and alcohol addiction, illiteracy, malnutrition, powerlessness, etc. Making tribal youthemployable is quite challenging and the government is putting efforts towards conducting skill-based training butstill, there is a lack of proper strategy. Agri-enterprises in tribal areas will be able to channelize tribal youth in aneffective manner for regional and consequently national development. Descriptive and analytical research designwas used to meet the objectives of the study. Twelve villages from 3 blocks of Koraput district of Odisha in the year2019–20 were selected purposively. A sample of 246 tribal youth was selected through proportional allocation byusing Cochran’s formula. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test the reliability of the sub areas under each major area ofagricultural enterprise and was found to be high (a–0.91). Training needs of tribal youth in various agri-enterpriseswere calculated through the Borich model of Training Need Assessment. It was found that the village was the mostfavourable place for receiving training for about 7–15 days in a group of 21–30 members in the evening hours fromOctober to December. Scientists and grass-root extension workers were preferred the most for conducting regularized agricultural trainings along with periodic follow-up visits by trainers for monitoring their progress. This research will assist the trainers in designing location-specific training module and help the policy makers to design suitable policies for tribal youth who aspire to take agricultural enterprises.

The changing political trends in erstwhile FATA: a study of the last three elections

This study investigates the changing political trends in erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. Analysis of the last three elections (2008, 2013, 2018) shows a substantial change in the region. The tribal structure, local traditions, power arrangement and electoral practices have changed significantly over a decade. The extension of the Political Parties Order to the region and its merger with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa stimulated political activities in the area that increased the political awareness of tribal people. The results of the 2013 and 2018 elections highlight the changes. Electoral activities, women participation and voter turnout increased with every election. Tribal youth joined existing political forums to demand their democratic rights. A significant percentage of the young, educated Pashtuns joined the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement in its demand for improved governance.

Recommendations for improving adolescent addiction recovery support in six northwest tribal communities.

American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities offer tangible and intangible resources, including centuries of indigenous wisdom and resiliency, to support their young people in recovery from substance use disorders. At the same time, tribal youth returning home from residential or inpatient treatment are vulnerable to relapse, especially if they encounter the same environmental triggers in which their substance misuse developed. This study endeavored to learn about community stakeholder perceptions of existing strengths and needs for supporting recovering adolescents among six tribal communities of the Inland Northwest. Using a Tribal Participatory Research approach, we conducted Group Level Assessments with key stakeholders representing educators/coaches, medical and behavioral health providers, social service providers, cultural leaders/elders, and legal professionals among each participating tribe (N = 166). We used content analysis to identify emergent themes among participants' recommendations for improving recovery support. The five emergent themes were (1) Communication, Collaboration, and Accountability among Tribal Departments and Agencies; (2) Community-wide Education; (3) The Importance of Providing Wraparound/Supportive Services; (4) Youth-focused Education, Services, and Events; and (5) Recovery Coaching Model. AI/AN culture was infused within nearly all recommendations for improving recovery support that composed these themes. We discuss specific ways to implement these recommendations, including the forthcoming development of a culturally-grounded community-wide mental health training program developed specifically for, and with, these tribes.

TO WHAT EXTENT ARE SMART-PHONE USAGES IMPACTED THE TRIBAL YOUTH: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN TRIPURA

There was a time when mobile phones, especially smart phones, were imaginary for all of us. But today, technology has reached such a stage that we feel like we can't live without mobile. It has become a natural integral part of modern society especially of youth. Despite all section of society is not able to have it, yet it is now not just inseparable for many youths but also more than their relatives. This is evidenced by various studies and even in our society we can see how young people are shrinking using Smartphones. The tribal youths are also not exceptional to it though, they live in backward areas. With this propaganda, an attempt has been made for providing the usage rates of smartphone particularly among the tribal students and to unveil and explore the fact-how Smartphone usage reflects their life. Thus the main aim of this study is to answer many questions laid out in the research question section of this paper related to Smartphone usage and its impact on the educational and personal life of the tribal students in Tripura. For this, 852 students (Tribal Youth) were selected randomly as a sample of the study from the both rural and urban areas of Tripura. The data were analyzed statistically by utilizing descriptive statistical techniques. The result revealed that maximum students are using their smarphone more than usual which can be treated as somehow addicted. It is also apparent that the mobile usage influence student’s life negatively than to be positively as they use mobile negatively in general and impact also their academic life coarsely. Based on the findings of the study, some suggestions for policy and practice also have been laid down.

Empowering Rural Tribal Youth Through Agripreneurship – Evidence from a Case Study in North East India

Empowering Rural Tribal Youth Through Agripreneurship – Evidence from a Case Study in North East India

Deploying Modern ICT Tools to Develop Gramsabha Level Plans for Conserving and Managing Community Forest Resources

Forest Rights Act 2006 (FRA) gives forest communities rights over collection, storage, processing and sale of non-timber forest produce (NTFP) from their Community Forest Resource (CFR) areas and responsibility of protection, conservation and management of the resources. The Act mandates the gramsabhas to prepare Conservation and Management plans to fulfill these obligations. We present a template of such a plan along with a methodology to prepare it employing user-friendly free and open-source ICT tools which can be used by the tribal youth. The Gramsabha level plans (GSCMP) differ significantly from the Forest Department Working Plans (FDWP) in several ways: (a) FDWP is concerned mainly with timber extraction and plantation, whereas GSCMP emphasize sustainable collection, processing and sale of NTFP and conservation of biodiversity and (b) FDWP is based on outdated methodology, whereas the proposed GSCMP employs the modern landscape perspective and plotless sampling methods. This methodology is already being used in 17 gramsabhas of Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra.

The struggle of Tengger Tribal youths using higher education to get social and cultural status in society

The enrollment rate for the higher education of the Tengger tribe is low. However, there is a group of Tengger youths who have the determination to achieve a Bachelor’s degree despite the limitations that they encounter. This study aimed to describe the meaning of education among the Tengger tribe and the efforts of the Tengger youths to continue their studies in college. This study was conducted in Ngadiwono Village Pasuruan Regency in the East Java Province and using a qualitative method. The data is analyzed by social and cultural reproduction theory by Pierre Bourdieu. The data was obtained from bachelor students and people from the older community group in order to find out the meaning of education based on their understanding. The data was collected using interviews, observations and documentation methods. The results of this study show that the success of the youths in becoming undergraduates was due to their effort and hard work. They were supported by their families who had a better understanding of the meaning of education. They have a social modal that they got from elementary education. They develop their social capital to get better education and occupations in the future.

Supporting Native American Community Leadership Through Culturally Relevant STEM Education

Over 400,000 Native Americans live in close proximity to a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site. The Coeur d'Alene Basin, located in northern Idaho, contains a Superfund site, which has been on the National Priorities List since 1983 as a result of toxic metal contamination from historical mining practices. The Coeur d'Alene Tribe has resided in this region since time immemorial and are profoundly affected by these environmental hazards. Leaders among Native American community membership in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) can support the community's ability to mitigate these issues as a sovereign nation. Reflecting this call, we report on the impact of a culturally relevant STEM education program and affiliated internship aimed at cultivating Coeur d'Alene Tribal youth participation in STEM and associated leadership desires. The findings show that the educational programming facilitated youth comprehension of STEM, participation in STEM fields, and desire to become a leader in their community.

Pushed to the Margins: The Crisis Among Tribal Youth in India During COVID-19

Lack of awareness, lack of availability of non-farm activities, lack of nutritional facilities, inadequate health infrastructure, restricted movement to forest areas, and reliance on herbal medicines are some of the worst conditions that the indigenous population had to face worldwide, during the pandemic. Around 10.45 crore (10.45 million) indigenous population that resides in India are at stake because of economic inequality and social stigma. Lack of developmental measures in India has always led the tribal population to dwell at the margins without proper resources of economic sustenance. The announcements of lockdown and proposals for industrial projects approved during the lockdown period further aggravated their conditions. With the help of secondary data, news reports, and international agency reports, the article tries to critically review the conditions of the tribal population in India, the measures taken by the government, and the role of local organizations in helping tribal people to sustain the pandemic.