Tribal Development Research Articles

Tribal Development in India -A Study in Human Development

Tribal Development in India -A Study in Human Development

Impact Execution of Social-Media for Promoting e-Governance for Tribal Development: A Data-Driven Analysis

This study investigates the impact of Social Media execution on promoting e-Governance for Tribal Development in five tribal districts of Rajasthan: Banswara, Dungarpur, Udaipur, Pratapgarh, and Sirohi. Utilizing a sample size of 360 participants, the research employs Smart-PLS for data analysis to assess the relationships among Social Media usage, e-Governance practices, and Tribal Development outcomes. The findings reveal a significant positive influence of social media on both e-Governance and Tribal Development, underscoring the role of digital platforms in enhancing governmental transparency and community engagement. Specifically, social media facilitates improved access to government services and promotes active participation in developmental initiatives. Moreover, e-Governance is a crucial mediator in enhancing Tribal Development, highlighting the transformative potential of digital governance in marginalized communities. The study's policy implications suggest the need for targeted strategies to leverage social media for effective e-Governance, aiming to boost developmental outcomes in tribal regions. This research contributes to understanding digital tools in promoting sustainable development and offers practical insights for policymakers to enhance tribal welfare through innovative governance solutions.

Birhor Society and Culture: A Study on Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups of Jharkhand, India

A significant portion of the Indian population consists of tribal communities. The world's highest concentration of tribal people with diverse cultures is found exclusively in India. Tribal people are those who inhabit a specific region, have uniform cultural characteristics, and use basic technology. Tribes are recognized for their unique ethnic and cultural characteristics, but they are losing their unique identities as a result of massive and rapid urbanization and industrialization. Since the beginning of ethnographic research on Indian tribes, scientists have been interested in the unique livelihood practices of the Birhor, a particularly vulnerable tribal group (primitive tribal group) in Jharkhand. They have historically lived in forests and had a nomadic hunting and gathering lifestyle. Large-scale deforestation brought about by urbanization and industrialization has an impact on the entire culture and civilization. Their language and unique socio-cultural structure are undergoing rapid changes as a result of their increased exposure to modern culture through different government initiatives for tribal development, the modern educational system, etc. It is therefore necessary to investigate the evolving sociocultural patterns of the vulnerable "Birhor" tribe and to put appropriate strategies and programmes in place for the self-initiated preservation of indigenous tribal culture and identity. Keywords: Oral tradition, Social life, Economic life, Birhor, Jharkhand.

Socio-Demographic and Health Profile of Scheduled Tribes of Six Integrated Tribal Development Agency Spots in Kurnool District

Introduction: A tribe is a self-contained, homogeneous group that exists independently of any hierarchical system. According to the 2011 census, 10.42 crore Indians are identified as ‘Scheduled Tribes’, comprising 8.6% of the country’s total population and 11.3% of the rural population. Tribal habitations are scattered across vast areas with limited access to basic health necessities, rendering them vulnerable to various health hazards. This article focuses on demographic profiles such as age, gender, caste, religion, marital status, educational status, occupation, dietary habits, and addiction, enabling an assessment of the socio-economic and health status of tribal groups in the specified area. Objectives: The main objectives of the study were to conduct a socio-demographic survey, promote knowledge on disease prevention, and provide healthcare and free medication facilities through Unani medicine via mobile medical camps. Methodology: The study was conducted in six Integrated Tribal Development Agency (ITDA) spots inhabited by the Sugali or Lambada tribe of Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh, characterized by low socio-economic status. Data was collected through door-to-door surveys and a pre-designed questionnaire provided by CCRUM. Results: A total of 3755 individuals were screened, of which 450 were selected for data collection. Among the 450 individuals, the majority were males (253 i.e., 56.22%) belonging to the Hindu religion, with 98.44% being Scheduled Tribes. Educational status was average, with 63.33% being illiterate. More than half of the individuals (51.55%) were married, and the majority (52.66%) were agricultural laborers, with almost all being non-vegetarians. Additionally, 26% of individuals were addicted to smoking. Conclusion: Common challenges faced by the Sugali tribes of Kurnool district include lack of resources, industrialization, and socio-economic factors such as illiteracy. These factors contribute to poverty, malnutrition, and various physical and psychological disorders among tribal communities.

Demystifying India's Approach towards Tribal Development: Maintaining a Balance Between Integration and Autonomy

Demystifying India's Approach towards Tribal Development: Maintaining a Balance Between Integration and Autonomy

INNOVATION IN INDIGENOUS TOURISM: LESSONS FROM EN OORU TRIBAL HERITAGE VILLAGE, WAYANAD, KERALA

Indigenous tourism plays a crucial role in preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of tribal communities. This research paper explores the En Ooru tribal heritage village project in Wayanad, Kerala, and its impact on tribal development and indigenous tourism in the region. The study highlights the key characteristics of the En Ooru project, including its emphasis on preserving indigenous architecture, tribal customs, and traditions. Furthermore, the research explores the economic and socio-cultural impact of the En Ooru project. The village has become a major tourist attraction, drawing a significant number of visitors who contribute to the local economy. The paper also discusses the collaboration between the Kerala Tourism and Scheduled Tribe Development Department, which has been crucial to the success of the En Ooru project. This collaboration highlights the importance of governmental support and partnership in promoting indigenous tourism and tribal development. The findings from this study can serve as a foundation for future research and inform policymakers and stakeholders on strategies to enhance indigenous tourism and uplift tribal communities in Kerala.

IJCM_214A: Digital interventions for childhood malnutrition in a tribal area of Andhra Pradesh: Understanding the problem through a health system perspective

Background: Childhood malnutrition is a major public health concern in the tribal areas of Andhra Pradesh, India, particularly in the region of ITDA Rampachodavaram. The integration and effectiveness of digital health interventions in these underserved regions are vital for addressing this endemic issue. However, the unique challenges posed by the remote and resource- limited settings of tribal areas make the implementation of such interventions particularly complex. Moreover, the varying complexity of the digital health ecosystem in these areas adds another layer of concern to deploying digital health solutions. Objectives: 1. To explore digital health interventions related to childhood malnutrition in the Integrated Tribal Development Agency (ITDA) of Rampachodavaram. 2. To understand the dynamics of the local health system and the digital health ecosystem in the implementation of these interventions. 3. To examine the role of street-level bureaucrats in implementing digital interventions and identify the barriers and facilitators affecting this process Methodology: The research was conducted in ITDA Rampachodavaram, involving interviews with health system officials and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with frontline health workers. The Health System Dynamics (HSD) framework and Lipsky’s theory on street-level bureaucrats were utilized, and enriched with insights into the digital health ecosystem. Results: The study reveals significant systemic, contextual, and human factors influencing the implementation of digital health interventions. Challenges include the complex role of street-level bureaucrats and systemic barriers like inadequate training, technological limitations, and disparities in digital access and literacy. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of digital health interventions in improving childhood malnutrition outcomes in tribal areas. It stresses the importance of adaptive, inclusive strategies and advocates for digital health equity. Empowering frontline health workers and tailoring interventions to the specific health system dynamics and digital ecosystem of tribal regions are key for effective implementation.

The Tribal Community\'s Social Status & Skill Development Programme in Bhandara, Maharashtra

Abstract: The world's largest tribal population, found in around 15% of India's land area, inhabits a variety of ecological and geoclimatic settings, from plains to hills & remote regions. In broadly, the STs inhabit two distinct parts of India: the northeastern part & central part. One hundred twenty-two states & territories have officially recognised 705 different ethnic groups as STs, according to the 2011 census. The history of tribal development administration is extensive. It started way back when India was still a colony. Due to shifts in both the Scheduled Areas & people who live there, the management of tribal development has changed throughout the years. For the betterment of India's indigenous & mainstream communities, the government has launched a number of programmes & strategies to improve people's skills and other areas of social welfare. Therefore, in its twelfth five-year plan, the Indian government made skill development a top priority.

Appraising of Tribal Development in the Light of Integrated Tribal Development Programme (ITDP)

Appraising of Tribal Development in the Light of Integrated Tribal Development Programme (ITDP)

Novel Malaria Risk Prediction and Mapping of Integrated Tribal Development Agency, Paderu Region, India, Using SAMRR

Novel Malaria Risk Prediction and Mapping of Integrated Tribal Development Agency, Paderu Region, India, Using SAMRR

Exploring the Effectiveness of the 'WADI' Model for Tribal Development: A Comprehensive Analysis in the Goalpara District Special reference to -Dudhbai Block

Introduction: sustainable development is crucial for balancing progress with resource preservation, especially in marginalized communities like tribal regions. The WADI model, pioneered by NABARD and introduced in India in the 1990s, has proven successful in fostering sustainable development in arid tribal areas. Objective: this study aims to explore the impact of WADI projects on the sustainable development of tribal communities in the remote villages of Dudhnai Block, Goalpara district, Assam. Material and Method: the study employs a qualitative research approach, gathering data on migration patterns, agricultural production, natural resource management, social cohesion, and economic advancement through interviews, surveys, and field observations. Results: preliminary analysis reveals positive outcomes regarding increased agricultural yield, reduced migration rates, improved social cohesion, and economic empowerment among tribal communities participating in WADI projects. Conclusions: WADI projects hold promise as a viable model for sustainable development in tribal regions, contributing to poverty alleviation, food security, and overall quality of life enhancement while preserving natural resources for future generations

Persisting Exclusion? Contextualizing the Tribal Welfare Policies of Kerala State

This article provides a critical assessment of the tribal development policy of the Kerala government over the past decade. Commencing with the recent controversy surrounding the portrayal of adivasis as a 'human zoo' during the Keraleeyam event in November, 2023, this paper delves into the transformations in the state's approach, particularly its shift towards a 'right-based approach' in the late nineties. The discussion encompasses land-related issues, the state's stance concerning adivasis during the pandemic, and, notably, the prevalent 'dropout syndrome.' The paper concludes by contending that the current state perspective appears to perceive tribal issues primarily as residential challenges rather than a confluence of land and livelihood difficulties.

Social Audit of MGNREGA: A Path of Community Participation in Tribal Area of Himachal Pradesh

Social audit is a powerful tool for social change, community engagement, and government accountability. The technique of closely examining and assessing a program with community involvement while comparing government data with real-world experiences is known as social auditing. After the implementation of the social audit, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) implementing agency has become increasingly transparent and accountable in its functioning. The present research paper is an attempt to know the effectiveness of social audit mechanisms in enhancing transparency, ensuring accountability, and promoting community participation in the implementation of MGNREGA in the tribal development block Bharmaur in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of social change, people participation, and transparency through social audit practices on the execution of MGNREGA work.

The Status of Indigenous Peoples in International Law

Introduction. The International Decade of Indigenous Languages (2022–2032) was proclaimed in 2022 by the UN system. Thus, the problem of indigenous peoples acquires increased relevance in international law. At the same time, the definition of the concept of “indigenous peoples” has not yet been developed in UN law. Identification of the characteristic features of this category has become the task of the study. Methods. General scientific and special methods for legal science, primarily formal legal analysis, underlie the methodology used. Theoretical conclusions are supported by examples of international judicial practice. Results. Specific features of indigenous peoples as a special subject of international human rights law are shown in the article. The author proposes to create a special international legal regime for the protection of those indigenous peoples who are endangered. Discussion and Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, a number of conclusions were drawn. The author considers the most significant: three features can be considered generally recognized. The only special feature (compared to the features of the generic category – the people in international law) is the original, historical connection with the territory of residence. The geographical area in which this people or their ancestor lived during the period of its conquest or colonization, or during the establishment of existing state borders, is proposed to be understood as the territory of the indigenous people. The notion of indigenous peoples as exclusively post-colonial or as not emerging from the stage of tribal development, is subject to criticism as discriminatory. The special qualities of indigenous peoples, primarily civilizational (ethnic) identity, must be protected by the norms of international law.

Tribal Development through Formal Education among Agarias of Chhattisgarh

Education is a powerful means of development in any community. Various formal and nonformal forms of education exist in different societies. Education has been institutionalized in the form of formal education in the schools and higher educational institutions in the remote and tribal areas gradually with the changing educational policies and programmes in the independent India with the advent of developing educational infrastructure and awareness in the remote areas. This resulted in the gradual increase in the percentage of literacy rate. But, perhaps few groups could not come up effectively in full pace along with their cohabits and become part of this developing change in their villages and surroundings, due to their situational demerits. Agaria tribe is one of such groups residing in the adjacent part of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. A survey of Agaria tribe in done utilizing the scientific research methods in the few pockets of this area ranging from Dindori district in Madhya Pradesh to Kawardh and Bilaspur districts in Chhattisgarh. This paper includes the situational analysis of socio-economic and educational status of the Agaria people residing in the districts of Chhattisgarh.

Approaches to Tribal Development Models in India: Its Implications and Prospects

Tribal development models in India have evolved in response to the changing socio-economic, cultural, and political landscapes. This paper provides an overview of the various approaches employed to address the developmental needs of tribal communities and their implications. The study examines isolationist, assimilation, welfare, protective, integrated, empowerment, and inclusive growth approaches, analyzing their strengths and limitations. Drawing from historical context and contemporary perspectives, the paper discusses the implications of these approaches on tribal identity, cultural preservation, livelihoods, and social empowerment. Moreover, it highlights the prospects for more holistic and participatory models that recognize the unique needs of tribal populations while fostering sustainable development and preserving their heritage. By exploring the multifaceted nature of tribal development, this study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities in fostering the well-being of indigenous communities in India.

Role of Maharashtra Government and Administration in Tribal Development

Role of Maharashtra Government and Administration in Tribal Development

Enhancing ecosystem services through promotion of Homegarden: A case study of Wadi system in Budhni, Madhya Pradesh, India

The ‘Wadi’ model of tribal development is based on agro-horti-forestry system in the central Indian forest landscape to enhance the ecosystem services. We conducted a detailed survey of ‘Wadi’ project sites in Budhni area of Madhya Pradesh. The study revealed the presence of forty-three tree species around 120 households in the study area. Tree species richness per ‘Wadi’ ranged from two to nine based on the size of the area. The agroforestry intervention has resulted into compound increase (83.33%) in the existing agroforestry biodiversity of majority of households. The species richness and the number of trees showed positive correlation with the increase in size of the Homegarden (Wadi). Such intervention in the fringe villages of forested area could prove to be one of the effective strategies to compliment forest landscape restoration apart from increasing biodiversity. The study also suggested the need of the supply of good quality planting materials especially of fruit yielding trees.

Siddi- A Primitive Tribes of Gujarat

primitive caste groups are spread over eight districts namely Surat, Tapi, Valsad, Navsari, Dang, Bharuch, Narmada and Sabarkantha. These districts are included in the tribal area sub-plan, while Ahmedabad, Surendranagar, Junagadh, Bhavnagar, Rajkot and Jamnagar districts are also populated by these groups but those districts are outside the area of the Integrated Tribal Development Grant. In This paper, we discussed about A Siddhi Primitive tribe’s current status

SCHEDULED TRIBES AND EDUCATION: A STUDY ON GAJAPATI DISTRICT OF ODISHA

The objective of the paper is to study the status of education among the scheduled tribes of Gajapati district. The study is based on primary and secondary data. Primary data collected from 02 blocks viz., Mohana and R.Udayagiri block under the Gajapati district in 2021. The analysis is based on Demographic variables i.e., size of households and Literacy level; educational variables i.e., illiterate, literate without formal schooling, literate below primary, primary education, middle education, secondary education, higher secondary education, diploma/ certificate course, graduation, post graduation, post graduate and above and health parameters like Medical facility in Gajapati district using descriptive statistics ( mean, standard deviation) correlation and bar charts. Tribal education level is very low, no basic facilities, lack of infrastructure, no sustainable livelihood; economic insecurity of tribals all these problems may eradicate through the tribal sub-plan. The Tribal sub plan is a strategic plan; it was introduced by the Government of India, for the quick socio economic development of Tribal people in India. Through the Annual Plans of State and Union Territory grants are given under the TSP in the Proportion size of population. The TSP strategy consists of two pronged approaches viz. (1) socioeconomic development of tribals (2) protection of tribals against exploitation. This strategy was the result of consultations among anthropologists, NGOs, development administrators and policy makers. KEY WORDS: Tribal sub-plan, economic security, infrastructure, education