Trend Of Economic Development Research Articles

The Essence of the Company’s Intellectual Holdings and their Evaluation Indicators

Intellectualization of the modern economy is an objective process, which is naturally predetermined by the new quality of the role and place of a man in the system of economic relations. The transformation of a human being into simultaneously an objective, a mean, and a condition of economic activity obliges us to characterize the processes of individual and social reproduction in a new way. The trends of modern economic development are reflected in such concepts as intellectual resources, intellectual capital of a company. At the moment, despite the abundance of literature, there is no single generally accepted approach to the definition and evaluation of these economic categories. The article presents the approaches of various authors to the interpretation of the term “intellectual capital”. As a result of this research, the author’s designation of the company’s intellectual resources – intellectual holdings, their structure and evaluation methods are proposed.

Strategic instruments for the growth of the industrial sector of the economy in the conditions of the sixth big Kondratiev cycle

An analysis of global trends in economic and technological development shows that there are all signs that the driving force behind the rise of the sixth major Kondratiev cycle has started working – digital technologies of the fourth technological order, which is initiated by the emergence and implementation of innovations in production processes, defi ned as NBIC technologies (convergence of four industries knowledge related to nanotechnologies, biotechnologies, information and cognitive technologies). However, the currently observed slowdown in economic growth rates (both global and national) leads to the need to fi nd growth points, the fi xation and development of which would make it possible to extract the maximum benefi t from the use of digital technologies. The purpose of this article is to identify tools that can ensure the progressive development of the industrial sector of the national economy in the conditions of the predicted crisis and recession.The article analyzes the dynamics of the world’s leading economies, shows that the industrial growth index is dominant in the formation of the gross domestic product of the national economy. It is suggested that one of the key factors infl uencing the slowdown in economic growth is the “digital divide” – the period of time that passes after the emergence of technologies on the market and the beginning of their commercial operation. To eliminate the “digital divide”, it is proposed to use digital platforms that provide the possibility of confl ict-free evolutionary redesign of existing enterprise processes and intelligent integration of implemented solutions in a single information space, due to which there is a signifi cant increase in effi ciency and production growth. At the same time, it is noted that, unlike previous technological paradigms, the modern economy is characterized by the possibility of using digital solutions of equal functionality at enterprises of various industries, it is only necessary to set up routes for the execution of end-to-end business processes, taking into account the specifi cs of production. Examples of a universal corporate digital platform that solve such problems are given.

Kazakhstan’s Society Modernization in Response to the 21st Century Global Challenges: The Material Aspect and the Shifting Discourse Issue

The purpose of this study is to examine the current aspects of former Soviet society modernization in the context of global challenges of the 21st century. The study uses Kazakhstan as an example. The primary focus of this paper is on the comparative analysis of the global dynamics of economic development trends regarding OECD and Kazakhstan. The study’s methodology entails a historiographical analysis of recent works on modernization issues in contemporary societies. Modernization is seen as a part of the complicated process of the world becoming more global as the capitalist system changes. Modernization phenomena are analyzed quantitatively and phenomenologically within the framework of the research methodology. The study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze statistical data on economic development in Kazakhstan. The applied quantitative analysis techniques constructed a regression model of modernization prospects based on the factor of labour productivity and gross savings. Qualitative interpretations in this study were based on phenomenological and analytical approaches in the philosophical sciences. This study focused on a new theory of modernization that views it from the perspective of social acceleration and the pursuit of sustainability in the protection of traditional spirituality within the context of modernization. In practice, this model enables the exploration of various modernization trajectories. It will be useful in the creation of the corresponding state development programmes of Kazakhstan. In this way, the spiritual modernization of society will help build a work ethic, an economy based on knowledge and innovation, a social consensus, and a space where people from different backgrounds can live together.

ANALISA KINERJA KEUANGAN DAERAH KABUPATEN PASER

The recent outbreak of the Covid-19 virus presents new challenges for government agencies to manage their financial performance and financial reporting responsibly. Financial analysis is needed to analyze how the position and financial performance, and evaluate the operational performance of an agency in the future. The impact of this pandemic was also felt by Paser district with a decrease in regional economic growth. The purpose of this study is to understand how operational and financial performance in the Paser district local government in the period 2020 to 2021. This study uses a descriptive-quantitative approach by examining the calculation of the level of financial independence, efficiency and effectiveness, and also regional operations including the allocation of operating and capital expenditure costs. The results of the study show that Paser district is generally in a good financial position, but there are still some financial aspects that need to be improved in the coming financial year. Paser Regency needs to be more specific in setting revenue targets during the Covid-19 pandemic by observing trends in regional economic development and the possibility of enacting and implementing policies that maximize Local Original revenues so that they do not always depend on the contribution of the central government. Then, Paser Regency will be able to reduce operational costs and increase investment costs for

Research on the Chinese Enterprise Environmental Information Disclosure System

Green development is the trend of current international economic development, and achieving green development is an inevitable requirement for a country to integrate into the international economic society. The enterprise environmental information disclosure system is an important means to urge enterprises to assume environmental responsibility and promote the green development of China's economy. In recent years, Chinese government has issued a series of regulations on environmental information disclosure to alleviate environmental problems, but these regulations have not achieved the expected regulatory effect. Research has found that the reasons for this problem include shortcomings in government environmental audits, limitations of environmental policies, and poor media oversight. Further research has found that China can currently improve the regulatory effect of corporate environmental information disclosure through some measures. Measures including improving the relevant laws and regulations of enterprise environ-mental audit, making up for the deficiencies of green credit policies, and establishing corporate environmental information sharing mechanism should be taken.

FOOD SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF PAVLODAR REGION

The study of modern scientific approaches to understanding the essence of food security has shown that food security is a leading component of national security and is directly related to the general trends in economic development, such industries as agriculture, food industry. Food security is focused on meeting the basic needs of a person and society, maintaining a high level of public health. Food security is determined by the efficiency of the economy as a whole. Depending on what problems arise from globalization, the state focuses on various economic activities related to the production and processing of agricultural products, as well as the production of high-quality food. Food security arises from other pressing social problems, primarily affecting environmental pollution, the provision of the population with drinking water. This creates the basis for the priority development of agro-industrial complexes with the support of the state, since these complexes are the guarantor of social stability and security in society, as well as political and economic independence.

Economic development and economic policy in the transition to post-normality

Aim. To study the transformations of economic development trends and changes in the priorities of economic policy in the period of modern political and economic turbulence associated with the transition to a new quasi-stable state of the economy — post-normality.Tasks. To consider the features of the modern Russian economic model; to describe the mechanism of the impact of macro shocks of 2020 and 2022 on the Russian and world economy; to characterize the target — postnormal — state of the national and world economy; to offer recommendations for improving economic policy in the new conditions.Methods. The author of the article used both general scientific methods of research, including systemic, retrospective, institutional and macroeconomic (positive and normative) analysis, and specialized methods of studying economic evolution, economic dynamics and statics, situational and scenario modeling, economic statistics and others.Results. In recent years, the conditions of foreign economic interaction of many national economies, especially the Russian economy, have changed. During the post-Soviet period, Russia has consistently and systematically pursued a policy of economic liberalization, in particular, foreign economic liberalization. The first significant blow to the openness of national economies was the COVID-19 pandemic. The second was the sanctions imposed against Russia by the countries of the “collective West”, which gradually affected an increasing number of countries. The essence of these shocks from the point of view of macroeconomic analysis is a jump-like increase in the closedness of the national economy. Under these conditions, it is established that national economies of post-industrial type turn out to be unstable and unviable under the new realities. This should be taken into account in economic policy. Attention should also be paid to the fact that the processes of growing crisis of the currently prevailing model of open economy will inevitably affect not only economic, but also political, cultural and other processes. An attempt to overcome the sanctions on Russia by geographical reorientation of foreign economic interactions can be effective only in the short term, as a tactical measure. Strategically, it will not work, because the flaws of the open economy model, consisting in high (and in some cases — critical) dependence of the national economy on foreign economic interactions, cannot disappear. Therefore, this openness should be reduced in areas critical for national development. Special attention in economic policy should be paid to the issues of social justice, without the solution of which it is impossible to achieve public consensus and ensure the effectiveness of the institutional changes necessary in connection with the transition to post-normality. Conclusions. The modern Russian economy is at another transitional stage of development. In general, constant transformations are a systemic property of the economy, a condition for its existence. At the same time, in modern realities there is a transformation of strategic nature associated with the change of the key feature of the existing economic model — its degree of openness. Although the Russian economy as a whole has been able to adapt to the new conditions of functioning, but this is a tactical adaptation, in the strategic aspect it is not enough for a successful transition to the post-normal stage of development. In this regard, a more balanced and active participation of the state in the management of economic development processes and their regulation is required, subject to the formation of effective economic and other incentives to support such processes for both business and the population. In view of this, it is advisable to take into account the recommendations proposed by the author of the article in the economic policy.

Study of the impact of digitization on the carbon emission intensity of agricultural production in China

The digital economy is an important engine for China's economic and social development, accelerating the development of agricultural digitization and promoting the integration of agricultural digitization. Low-carbon production is an inevitable trend in China's current economic development. The article takes 30 provinces (cities and districts) in China as research objects, constructing and measuring indicators of digitization level and carbon emission intensity of agricultural production from 2006 to 2018. It classifies agricultural production into planting and animal husbandry and uses a basic regression model to study their dynamic relationships. A mediating effect model is used to explore the specific mechanism path of the digital economy affecting carbon emission intensity, and a regional heterogeneity analysis is conducted. The study found that: (1) The level of digitalization can significantly reduce the carbon intensity of agricultural production; (2) Digitalization can reduce China's carbon intensity by promoting the level of agricultural technological inputs, the level of human capital and the urbanization rate. (3) There are regional and sectoral differences in the impact of digitization on the carbon intensity of agricultural production. The impact on the plantation sector is greater than that on the livestock sector, and the carbon reduction effect is slightly greater in the central and western regions than in the eastern regions.

Women's Labor Participation in Ghana and Effects on Human Development: A Focus on Entrepreneurship

The purpose of this paper is to examine the gender-rooted challenges that women entrepreneurs face in Ghana and to analyze the impacts that increasing women’s rights and entrepreneurship have had on the country’s economy. Several indicators (including labor force participation, women's seats in national parliaments, the Women Business and the Law index, primary completion rate, and the gender inequality index) of gender equality and the prevalence of women’s entrepreneurship are compared with economic and human development trends. Through statistical regressions, the paper’s findings show a positive correlation between greater income equality and women’s seats in national parliament, as well as with the human development index, and conclude that the best way to reduce gender inequality is to increase the number of women in positions of power, as well as improve the education and skill development for women.

ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN DAN STRUKTUR EKONOMI MAKRO DI KOTA BANDUNG

Bandung has become an important center for creative and technology industries in Indonesia. The existence of leading universities, research centers, and business incubators has formed an innovation ecosystem that encourages the birth of startups and technology companies based in this city. Along with increasing challenges and opportunities in a rapidly changing global environment, a strong and developing economic sector is a vital key in ensuring the country's sustainability and prosperity. This study aims to analyze the growth and macroeconomic structure in the city of Bandung. The research method used is quantitative. Research data comes from the Central Bureau of Statistics and local government reports, to identify patterns and trends in urban economic development. Analysis shows that the city of Bandung has experienced rapid economic growth in the last few decades. The creative and technological industries, as well as tourism, are the main drivers of economic growth. The activities in Bandung in relation to the economy of West Java throughout 2019-2022 are the area of exchange, accommodation and cafes as well as the areas of communication and conversion, because with the presence of development (+) and commitment (-) is actually meant with the assumption that this movement expands its commitment will be an outstanding area

Assessing the role of digital economy agglomeration in energy conservation and emission reduction: Evidence from China

As an important economic phenomenon and development trend, it is meaningful to understand the impact of digital economy agglomeration (DIAGG) on energy conservation and emission reduction to achieve the dual carbon target in China. Using the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2011 to 2018, the study comprehensively investigates the influence mechanism, nonlinear effect, and spatial spillover effect of DIAGG on energy conservation and emission reduction by employing multiple econometric models. The results show that the DIAGG is beneficial to promote energy conservation and emission reduction by the mechanisms of the innovation effect, structural effect, and scale effect. However, the threshold model shows that DIAGG has a non-linear impact on energy conservation and emission reduction. When the DIAGG exceeds 0.083 and 1.194, respectively, the impact of DIAGG on emission reduction changes from inhibiting to promoting, while the marginal effect on energy conservation decreases. In addition, there is a significant positive spatial spillover effect of DIAGG on energy conservation and emission reduction, which inhibits energy conservation and emission reduction in surrounding cities. This spatial spillover effect decreases in the maturity period. This study provides policy insights for promoting energy conservation and emission reduction to achieve sustainable urban development.

Fatigue properties of OSD in large cantilever cable-stayed bridge on highway-railway layer

To enhance the understanding of fatigue issues in orthotropic steel deck (OSD) bridges with cantilevered steel-box girders on highway–railway layers and ensure the fatigue life of similar bridges, this study focused on the OSD fatigue characteristics of the Jinhai Bridge, the world's widest dual-use–cable-stayed bridge for road and railway transport. The fatigue-stress distribution characteristics and variation rules were investigated using a full-scale fatigue test model. Four U-ribs were subjected to four million loading test cycles, and the OSD fatigue performance was evaluated using the nominal stress method. The results indicated that the stress-influence range of the crossbeam U-rib in a large cantilever steel box girder was approximately nine U-ribs wide and three crossbeams long, significantly exceeding that of a conventional closed-box steel girder. The stress difference in the crossbeam opening bottom-edge detail in the box girder with and without a cantilever was 85.4%. Along the transverse bridge, the most unfavorable stress amplitude difference among similar fatigue details in different regions reached 57%. After 4 million cycles, the crack length was 90 mm. The fatigue cracks had a minimal effect on the overall deformation performance of the model. Combining the traffic volume statistical data and damage accumulation, the estimated fatigue life of the crossbeam opening detail was 103.55 years. According to JTG-D64–2015, this satisfies the recommended fatigue design life requirement of 100 years for the crossbeam opening details of large cantilever steel box girders. However, the economic development trends and increasing traffic volumes necessitate further research.

Total Electricity Consumption Forecasting Based on Temperature Composite Index and Mixed-Frequency Models

ABSTRACT The total electricity consumption (TEC) can accurately reflect the operation of the national economy, and the forecasting of the TEC can help predict the economic development trend, as well as provide insights for the formulation of macro policies. Nowadays, high-frequency and massive multi-source data provide a new way to predict the TEC. In this paper, a “seasonal-cumulative temperature index” is constructed based on high-frequency temperature data, and a mixed-frequency prediction model based on multi-source big data (Mixed Data Sampling with Monthly Temperature and Daily Temperature index, MIDAS-MT-DT) is proposed. Experimental results show that the MIDAS-MT-DT model achieves higher prediction accuracy, and the “seasonal-cumulative temperature index” can improve prediction accuracy.

Impact of ecological conservation policies on land use and carbon stock in megacities at different stages of development

Urban expansion, especially the construction of megacities, increases carbon emissions and adversely affects the carbon storage of terrestrial ecosystems. However, scientific land-use management policies can increase carbon storage. This study takes two megacities at different stages of development, Beijing and Tianjin, as examples to explore the impact of different ecological conservation scenarios on both urban land use and carbon storage to provide recommendations for the construction planning of large cities with low-carbon development as the goal. Furthermore, we coupled the patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model with the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) model to simulate land use and carbon storage under a natural development scenario, a planned ecological protection scenario (PEPS), and a policy-based ecological restoration scenario (PERS). From 2000 to 2020, both cities had different degrees of construction land expansion and carbon loss, and Tianjin's dynamic degree of construction land was 0.94% higher than Beijing's, with a carbon loss 183,536.19 Mg higher than Beijing's; this trend of reducing carbon reserves will continue under the natural development scenario (NDS). Under the PEPS and PERS, the carbon stock of both cities increases, and the impact on Tianjin is greater, with an increase of 4.51% and 8.04%, respectively. Under PERS, the carbon stock increases the most, but the dynamic degree of construction land use is negative for both cities. Beijing's carbon stock is 0.40% lower than Tianjin's, which deviates slightly from the trend of urban economic development. Megacities in the rapid development stage can refer to Tianjin, strictly following the ecological protection land planning scope and vigorously implementing ecological restoration policies to effectively increase regional carbon stock. Megacities in the mature stage of development can refer to Beijing, and flexibly implement ecological restoration policies to increase regional carbon stock without affecting the city's economic development.

Improving the standardisation of oil product losses

The effectiveness of standardisation as a form of regulation of processes and results of activity in all spheres of production-technical, commercial-economic, social and other relations is confirmed at the international and regional levels, in the scope of standardisation work in countries with a developed market economy. World and domestic experience has revealed a wide range of problems and tasks that can be solved with the involvement, and sometimes exclusively, by means of standardisation, as well as various forms and methods of solving these problems, which are determined by the state and trends of economic development, conditions and factors of its functioning. The level of scientific and technical progress in many sectors of the world economy, the growth rates of international trade pose new challenges to standardisation. In these conditions, standards become the main economic tool for rationalisation and harmonisation of international trade as an integrated expression of the effective economic development of the country. Harmonisation of domestic standards with international and regional standards creates the necessary conditions for the creation of competitive products based on the updating of the current stock of state and interstate standards; development of technical legislation (technical regulations) regulating issues of safety of products and services for life and health of people, environment; formation of a system of standards of information interaction, in which electronic means of communication make it possible to strengthen international technical cooperation in all spheres of human activity. Certain aspects of improving the quality and competitiveness of products, including by means of standardisation, have been considered in the works of domestic and foreign scientists. However, there are practically no scientific works devoted to ensuring the competitiveness of processes of transportation and storage of petroleum products by means of harmonisation of national standards. The importance of the considered problem and its insufficient development for the economy of Ukraine, its industries and enterprises determine the relevance of the research topic. In this scientific work the analysis of different approaches to the determination of the loss of petroleum products was carried out with the help of regulatory documents approved at the state level. A comparative analysis of the document used for a long time in the post-Soviet space and the document that replaced it in Ukraine was carried out. The approach to determining the loss of organic liquids from tanks of various designs in the USA was analysed, in particular, the possibilities and limitations of using the functions of the TANK 4.0 program to calculate the loss of oil products by evaporation from tanks were studied

ANALYSIS OF THE FATE OF INDONESIA' S ECONOMY IN THE FUTURE

Court Developing countries tend to experience inflation, countries with inflation below 3% are still on the normal threshold for a country (stebisgm, 2015) but conversely a country with high and unstable inflation is a reflection of economic instability which results in a general and continuous increase in the level of prices for goods and services in a country and results in higher levels of poverty and unemployment. In this study we used a quantitative method using time series data from 2015 to 2021 and carried out statistical calculations using SPSS.. Results According to the study, the inflation rate is 3532 > 2306. The significance level is 0.039 <0.05, which means that inflation affects Indonesia's economic growth/gross domestic product (GDP). Even though the management of the state's economy cannot be separated from the state, including Indonesia from the countries affected by the state. However, the monetary and fiscal policies implemented in each country vary depending on economic conditions, direction and development goals to be achieved. The economic growth of a country, including Indonesia, is inseparable from the monetary and fiscal policies implemented by each country. However, monetary and fiscal policies differ from country to country Actual economic conditions, development trends and goals that can be achieved. An important function of financial management and financial management is to control inflation rates, cash flows and control additional costs in the company. The purpose of this study is to analyze the situation of the Indonesian economy for the next five years and to analyze the government's role in controlling inflation, monetary policy and fiscal policy and their impact on the economy. Macro - for economic analysis (Sutiono M.Kom., M.T.I, 2019) mi law near and far. The method used is a literature survey methodology and the data used is secondary data which is consistent with various relevant literature. To overcome inflation, monetary policy, and taxation, the government must implement performance-related macroeconomic policies. Measures of inflation and economic growth. Therefore, all countries must maintain economic stability is threatened. Inflation is one of the most important factors in the economy. The inflation rate is caused by many changes regarding major economic changes such as economic growth and unemployment. Thus, expansion is a variable that is often observed and tested both theoretically and empirically. Economic growth can only be successful if it is supported by sustainable growth, which then must improve people's welfare. Growth recovery refers to the rate at which growth returns to balance after a shock. In addition, this research examines sustainability factors in various regions in Indonesia. To measure the sustainability of inflation, this study uses the univariate autoregression (AR) model.. According to the results there are eight, namely:
 (1) provinces/cities in East Java experienced higher growth rates during the study period. The highest elevation is in the town of Probolingo and the lowest in the town of Madiun. The things that contribute the most to growth are made from staple foods like eggs, rice, chicken, tomatoes, beans and beef. and others
 (2) According to our findings, the increase in inflation in the eight provinces/districts of East Java was high enough to attract editorial attention. high inflation expectations also lead to persistent inflation. Based on this information, the government needs to formulate a strategy to control inflation that is sustainable and measurable, such as strengthening the role of groups. Regional Inflation Monitor (RPID). Unemployment and inflation are two important issues in any country. The difference between these two variables remains a subject of research among economists as evidenced by the Phillips curve theory.

The Research of the Evolution and Development Direction on Chinese Innovation Policy under the New Economic Momentum

The Chinese government has been pursing upgrading its position in global industrial chain and supply chain system to enter a higher stage since the opening policy, even though the external environment is deteriorating constantly. And this intention is more obvious and accelerating without any stop in recent years. Objectively say this is one of the most exact and direct reasons why relationship of China-US is falling and is fulling of conflicts. Since March 2018, the US government has successively initiated and signed trade sanctions against China, what is indifferent from the past, those sanctions which essence is to suppress the ambition and plan of China's at the high-end manufacturing industry through trade and investment barriers, to curb China's rise. Meanwhile, various risks are emerging in the world, and the uncertainty factors brought about by the war are rising significantly, and public health security is still a potential threat to the world economy in the post epidemic era. In this context, in the face of the constant conflict between China and the United States in trade, Chinese enterprises can only transform and upgrade their innovation capabilities to become the best way to escape from vicious competition. Therefore, this paper through conducts a horizontal comparative study of China's innovation policy system since the reform and opening by using the trichotomy method, with reference to the research on the development process of innovation policy systems of major innovation countries in the world. At the same time, it objectively analyses and evaluates the achievements and problems of China's current independent innovation policy in practice. Furthermore, when China's economic momentum entered the critical period of transformation, that is, under the background that China will leap over the middle-income trap and enter the ranks of moderately developed countries, the paper analysed and concluded the core position of innovation in China's future economic momentum transformation and development, thus making a rational prediction of China's future economic development trend from the analysis of international economic trends against the critical moments of increasing global instability.

Economy of the Future Through the Eyes of Futurologists. Positive Changes Journal Expert Discussion

Leading economists and futurologists met at the session organized by the Positive Changes Journal and devoted to the main topic of the special issue — the economy of the future. Will there be an increase in prosperity and where will it lead? What are the trends in economic development? What should be envisaged while building an economic development scenario? Will the economy of the future become human-centered? Are the fears of artificial intelligence justified? How will space be explored? What do we need to do to bring the kind of future we like closer? The panelists discuss this and much more. The conversation was facilitated by Vladimir Vainer, director of the Positive Changes Factory. The editorial staff publishes a transcript of the conversation.

THE FORMATION OF A CONCEPTUAL AND CATEGORICAL APPARATUS FOR RESEARCH ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AGRARIAN ENTERPRISES

Initial conceptualization of economic security issues, its systematization, and logicization with the help of basic conceptual structures creates prerequisites for understanding the principles and methods of analysis of manifestations, resource base, and trends of economic security development. Within the framework of various economic paradigms, they are developing their approaches to the content and technology of the cognitive process, its capabilities, and reliability. Taking into account the geostrategic tasks of Ukraine, the experience of implementing the state food security strategy, it is essential to rethink the concept of Ukraine’s national interests in the economic sphere, assess new challenges and threats to economic security and, on this basis, prepare a new state strategy, as well as a mechanism for its implementation. The systems of economic activity, management, and compliance with the economic security of subjects of economic relations differ functionally and spatially. A significant part of economic phenomena, processes, several business entities, and economic relations are beyond the influence of the elements of the economic security system. All this actualizes the problem of analyzing information at the “output”, primarily indicators of the effectiveness of the functioning of enterprises, organizations, individual industries, the quality and standard of living of employees, and the population as a whole, since these indicators act not only as indicators of social and economic well-being but also as criteria, by which it is possible to judge the level of internal threats to ensure sustainable and safe economic development. In the conditions of free market relations, the process of decentralizing the state management system in ensuring economic security, the role of economic managers of agro-industrial complex enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership, vast and medium, is increasing. The content of this type of management, its functional, technological, and other features, is primarily determined by the state of the country’s economy and its industries as an object of management. Ensuring the economic security of enterprises in the agrarian sector of Ukraine depends on the constituent structures of the agricultural sector since the agrarian sector is closely connected with the entire agrarian complex of the country.

Development of the credit market of Ukraine under macroeconomic instability

The development of Ukraine’s credit market occurs under periodic economic crises. Available destructive processes inhibit the development of credit relations, negatively affecting the lending of economic entities and restraining the development of the national economy. This study aims to highlight the basic transformations in the development of the credit market of Ukraine, which are formed in macroeconomic instability. The economic development trends in Ukraine were assessed using classical statistical methods. The correlation regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of macroeconomic parameters (exchange rate, average salary, and cost of loans) on the volume of bank lending. The results show that the national economy of Ukraine during 2005–2021 developed in the conditions of periodic macroeconomic instability, and the pre-crisis (an indicator of 2013) parameters of bank lending volumes have not restored within the credit market. The paper stresses the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: in 2020, the volume of bank lending decreased by 10.38 billion USD. Moreover, the econometric analysis of the influence of specific macroeconomic parameters (exchange rate, average salary, and cost of loans) on the development of bank lending in Ukraine demonstrated that the stability of the national currency exerts the greatest influence on the lending processes of economic entities in Ukraine. Its provision in the long term allows the creation of favorable conditions for the credit market functioning after the shock periods. Acknowledgment This study is conducted within the framework of the scientific project “Transformation of the households’ behavior in the financial services market in the context of digitalization” with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.