Treatment Of Primary Teeth Research Articles

Are there any limits to the dental treatment of children?

The objective of this paper is to describe and discuss the most commonly occurring limits in care provision between a dentist and a child, i.e. provider and recipient. The study was conducted online in the form of an anonymous questionnaire survey. We were looking for dentists to answer two basic modeled situations during the treatment of deciduous teeth (filling and extraction) in 4-year-old and 8-year-old children. Each modeled situation had 9 possible clinical scenarios. The age was chosen to factor the cooperation of a preschool- and a school-age child. The experience gained through clinical practice and the number of treated children show to be fundamental for the treatment of child's deciduous teeth and for the selection of a treatment method. Dentists acquire sufficient knowledge through their education in the faculties of medicine. The limit is the child itself, therefore it is desirable to build specialised centres for their treatment.

A literature review on various materials which can be used for obturation in primary teeth

Treatment of primary teeth or permanent teeth in children presents a challenge to the clinician. In today’s time, dental caries found to be the most common oral disease affecting the oral cavity of the children’s. And most of the cases of dental caries when not treated in the initial time leads to inflammation of the pulp and once the pulp got inflamed, patient presents with pain, at that time only option left for the dentist is removal of the inflamed pulp from the pulp chambers and then fill the root canals with obturating materials and form the apical seal, so that there will be no communication of the tooth with the external environment. Pulp pathologies when not treated on time, might leads to problem which is known as malocclusion of the teeth. Pulp treatment in children/or in primary teeth are different as compared to the permanent teeth, and simultaneously the obturating materials for the primary teeth are also different as compared to the obturating materials for the permanent teeth. It has been found that adequate cleaning of the canal and irrigation of the canal is quite difficult in primary teeth due to the complex anatomy of the root canal morphology. There are different materials which can be used as an obturating materials for the primary teeth for example zinc oxide eugenol material, has been into the use since long time as an obturating material of choice in the primary teeth, and also zinc oxide eugenol material can not considered as an ideal root canal filling material as this obturating material shows very much little anti-microbial action and this material also shows slower rate of resorption.

The difference distance between the apical foramen and the anatomical apex in primary teeth-An in vitro study.

The apex area in the primary teeth changes continuously due to the physiologic resorption, therefore; the apical foramen (AF) may not correspond to the anatomic apex (AA), which gives a big challenge to achieve successful endodontic treatment. The aim of this research was to study the difference distance (DD) between the position of the AA and AF, besides the difference acceptance (DA) in primary teeth, and the effect of the following variables: root canal curvature, resorption degree, and canal size on DD and DA separately. In this research, 180 root canals from 60 primary teeth were studied. Two lengths of each canal were measured by a K-file from a certain point in the crown; the first length was until the AA and the second was until the AF. Then DD was obtained by calculating the difference between those two lengths. Statistical analysis tests were done. A p value of <.05 was considered significant at a 95% confidence level. The percentage of canals with 0 mm DD was 34.4%, while it was 1.1% with DD of 6 mm. The percentages of acceptable ( ≤ 2 mm) and unacceptable ( > 2 mm) difference were 84.4% and 15.6%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the DD value between the three groups of curvature degree and the three groups of canal size. There was a significant difference between the DA in the three groups of canal size. DD has a wide variation value in primary teeth regardless of the degree of root resorption, which has not affected this value or the accepted difference; however, DD and acceptable difference values are somehow affected by the degree of root curvature and canal size. We recommend adding acceptable difference as a criterion when considering pulpectomy treatment in primary teeth.

Treatment of Periodontitis Affecting Human Primary Teeth-A Systematic Review.

The aim of this systematic review is to report the treatment options (Intervention) and outcomes (O) for primary teeth affected by periodontitis (Population) and if the treatment of primary teeth can prevent the spread of periodontitis to permanent teeth (Outcomes). The following databases were searched for papers published before December 2022: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Ebscohost. Studies on children affected by periodontitis involving the primary teeth were included and those on children who presented with periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease were excluded. Narrative synthesis and methodological quality assessments were performed for the included studies. Three interventional studies (without a control group) that evaluated treatments involving scaling and root planing (SRP with antibiotics) and extraction were included (total n = 60 patients). Additionally, twelve case reports/case series articles (n = 19 patients) were identified. The diagnoses ranged from aggressive periodontitis to juvenile periodontitis and pre-pubertal periodontitis. Based on a limited number of published studies, it was found that the early treatment of periodontitis affecting the primary teeth using SRP and systemic antibiotics resulted in favorable improvements in PD and CAL. Limited evidence suggests that SRP and the extraction of the primary teeth involved have the potential to prevent periodontitis affecting permanent teeth. Future trials are required to standardize the treatment protocols and to confirm these findings.

Pulpectomy or Pulpotomy in the treatment of primary teeth: Review

Objetivo: Identificar a las terapias pulpares en pacientes con caries vital en dientes temporales según la evidencia en la literatura. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica en la literatura científica, en las siguientes bases de datos: PUBMED, MEDLINE, BVS, BBO Odontología, IBECS y Web of Science. Los descriptores seleccionados fueron: pulpotomía y pulpectomia, combinados en la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: (pulpotomía) AND (pulpectomía). Resultados: Fueron encontrados 65 artículos seleccionando por título y resumen. Después de una lectura minuciosa solamente 23 artículos cumplieron con el criterio de inclusión que fuera un ensayo clínico, estudio longitudinal (cuasi experimental o cohorte), no se excluyeron artículos duplicados y 13 que no tenían relación directa con el tema. La muestra final totalizó 10 artículos para la revisión integradora. La evidencia es limitada por el número de estudios que cumplieron con los criterios. Conclusiones: La pulpotomia y la pulpectomía tienen un comportamiento similar en resultados de fracaso clínico-radiografico, presenta una tendencia de ser la pulpotomia la terapia con mejores resultados, aunque estadisiticamente hablando no se presentan diferencias entre ambos tratamientos.

Pulpitis Treatment in Primary Teeth Via Biodentine, Metapex and Zinc Oxide Eugenol

Pulpitis Treatment in Primary Teeth Via Biodentine, Metapex and Zinc Oxide Eugenol

Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of different concentrations of a novel root canal filling material for primary teeth - An in vitro study.

The demand for an ideal root canal filling material in primary teeth with maximum antibacterial properties keeps escalating to improve the success rate of root canal treatment in primary teeth. Hence, the present study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of the different concentrations of a novel root canal filling material. An in vitro study was designed to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of different concentrations of the novel obturating material for primary teeth. Different concentrations of the novel obturating material were prepared using calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide cement, and metronidazole and were tested for its antimicrobial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis using Mueller-Hinton Agar for 24 h at 37°C. The zone of inhibition was measured in millimeters after 24 h. The values were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and subjected to statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were used for data summarization and presentation. Friedman test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the different concentrations of the novel obturating materials against S. mutans and E. faecalis. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Against S. mutans at 1% concentration, the zone of inhibition was statistically greater at 50 μl and at 2% and 3%, the zone of inhibition was greater at 100 μl. Similarly, against E. faecalis, the zone of inhibition was statistically greater at 100 μl at 2% and no significant difference was noted at 1% and 3%. Comparison between the groups at 25, 50, and 100 μl shows no significant difference against S. mutans between 1%, 2%, and 3% of 60-40 concentration. However, 3% 60-40 concentration at 50 μl shows significantly increased zone of inhibition against E. faecalis. Two percentage metronidazole at 60-40 (calcium hydroxide-zinc oxide) concentration of the novel obturating material at 100 μl has better antibacterial properties against both S. mutans and E. faecalis.

Is clindamycin-modified triple antibiotic paste better than iodoform-based medicament for the treatment of non-vital primary molars using LSTR technique – A randomised clinical trial

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the success rate of local application of iodoform-based obturating material (Pulpotec – [Produits Dentaires S.A., Switzerland]) and clindamycin-modified triple antibiotic paste (ClinM-TAP) in pulp chamber using minimally invasive endodontic treatment of carious primary molars indicated for pulpectomy, for 12 months, using clinical and radiographic parameters. Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical trial was conducted in 60 children in the age group of 3–8 years reporting carious primary molars with symptoms of irreversible pulpitis and pulpal involvement clinically, allocated into Group 1 (30) and Group 2 (30). In Group 1, Lesion sterilisation and tissue repair (LSTR) was done using Pulpotec (Produits Dentaires S.A., Switzerland) as medicament and in Group 2, ClinM-TAP (Clindamycin-modified triple antibiotic paste) was used as medicament. Clinical follow-up was done at 3, 6 and 12 months; radiographic follow-up was done at 6 and 12 months. Clinical parameters compared were tenderness on percussion, spontaneous pain, intraoral swelling and sinus/fistula. Radiographic comparison was done based on furcation radiolucency, root resorption and bone regeneration. Both intergroup and intragroup statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test or Fisher exact test, Cochran’s Q Test and Mann–Whitney U-Test for the test of significance. All the statistical tests were performed at 5% significance level. Results: The mean age of patients in the study was 5.25 ± 1.3years with 45% males and 55% females. Both groups showed significant improvement in terms of clinical symptoms from baseline to 12 months. On intergroup comparison clinical parameters, TOP was present in 11.2% and 44% of cases at the end of 12 months in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P &lt; 0 0.05). On intergroup comparison of radiographic parameters, at the end of 12 months, furcation radiolucency was seen in 32% and 73% (P &lt; 0.05) and root resorption was seen in 16% and 30% cases in Group 1 and 2, respectively (P &gt; 0.05). Overall clinical success rate of Group 1 and Group 2 was 88% and 50%, respectively (P &lt; 0.05) and radiographic success rate was 60% and 27%, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: LSTR using Pulpotec as a medicament has shown promising results in the present study. It could be a better alternative to conventional endodontic treatment in primary teeth. In the present study, ClinM-TAP has shown poor radiographic success; hence, it should be used with caution.

Update in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Root Canal Therapy in Temporary Dentition through Different Rotatory Systems: A Systematic Review.

The need to perform fast, effective and efficient pulpectomies has led to the development of numerous valid rotary systems. Its technical features allow the clinician to obtain good results in less working time. The objective of this study is to compare the characteristics of the different current rotary systems to favor a correct diagnosis and subsequent treatment. A systematic review of the literature has been carried out in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. A search was carried out in PubMed, Embase Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Science databases, and was completed with a manual search. The following variables were extracted from the selected studies: author, year, sample, rotary systems used (length, diameter, taper, speed), obturation material and irrigant. From the initial electronic search of the five databases, 315 articles were identified. Once the duplicate articles were eliminated, a total of 233 remained. After reading both title and abstract, 200 articles were eliminated, leaving 33. On account of reading the full text, 22 were eliminated for not answering the research question or the inclusion criteria, leaving a total of 11 articles for the systematic review. Rotary systems which are able to adapt to the root anatomy of primary teeth and allow rapid and simple instrumentation, without producing excessive extrusion of debris at the root apex, will be the ones that provide the best results to the pediatric dentist during the performance of pulp treatment in primary teeth. Clinical success will only be achieved through proper prior diagnosis.

Clinical Outcome of Direct Pulp Therapy in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Direct pulp treatment is carried out when a healthy pulp gets mechanically/accidentally exposed during the operative procedures or trauma. To determine the effects of various direct pulp capping materials as measured by the clinical and radiographic analysis. Two reviewers performed a database search of the studies published between January 2005 and November 2020. The inclusion criteria were papers published in the English language; children aged 3-12 years having deep carious lesions in primary teeth. All potential studies were acknowledged by their title and abstract. The full-text analysis of potentially relevant studies, the selected studies were included in the systematic review. A meta-analysis calculation was performed for the overall data and the subgroup data. The database searching led to 57 articles, which were of direct pulp treatment in primary teeth, after the removal of duplicates, 55 records remained but did not meet all inclusion criteria. A high variability was observed among the papers. Further filtering with criteria led to nine articles, which met all inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis demonstrated the success rates of DPT in primary teeth (95% confidence interval -0.799-0.898); P < 0.001. Clinical assessments of various direct pulp capping materials suggested 84.9% of success irrespective of the material used. The nine studies were heterogeneous according to the random effect model (P < 0.001, I2 = 84.08%). Direct pulp treatment has the advantage of being a conservative vital pulp therapy reducing the need for a more invasive treatment.

Effect of CPP-ACPF, resin infiltration, and colloidal silica infiltration on surface microhardness of artificial white spot lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study

Remineralizing agents such as fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) are popular treatment choices for incipient enamel lesions. Recently introduced resin infiltration enhances the esthetics of teeth affected by these enamel lesions. Furthermore, few studies reported the utilization of colloidal silica infiltration for the white spot lesions. However, the potency of these materials for treatment in primary teeth necessitates investigation.Thus, this study evaluated and compared the effectiveness of CPP-ACP fluoride (CPP-ACPF), resin infiltration, and colloidal silica infiltration on surface microhardness in artificial white spot lesions in primary incisors using the Vickers microhardness testing machine. In this in vitro study, on the labial surface of 45 primary incisors, artificial white spot lesions were created by immersing them in a demineralizing solution. According to the evaluation method, random distribution of specimens into three groups: Group 1: CPP-ACPF, Group 2: resin infiltration, and Group 3: colloidal silica infiltration. Specimens after treatment were stored in artificial saliva, followed by microhardness evaluation using Vickers microhardness. Microhardness readings at baseline, post demineralization, and after treating them with different materials were taken. The level of significance was 0.01. Enamel specimens treated with resin infiltration showed a high microhardness mean value compared to CPP-ACPF and colloidal silica infiltration. Resin infiltration is a promising and effective treatment option for incipient enamel lesions followed by CPP-ACPF compared to colloidal silica infiltration in primary teeth.

Clinical and radiographic success of (partial) pulpotomy and pulpectomy in primary teeth: A systematic review.

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical outcome of partial pulpotomy, pulpotomy and pulpectomy for treating primary teeth with normal or infected pulp or with irreversible pulpitis. Two reviewers on Pubmed and ISI Web of Science performed a comprehensive literature review of publications from 1966 until July 2019. Pico outline was used to facilitate literature research. Among abstracts, publications were selected according to the following criteria: prospective clinical study, correct indication for the performed treatment, clear definition of clinical and/or radiographic success criteria and at least 6-month follow-up period. The strict selection criteria under the keywords "pulpotomy", "partial pulpotomy" and "pulpectomy" resulted in a limited amount of randomised controlled trials (RCT) or controlled clinical trials (CT). Qualitative assessment of the selected clinical studies and level of evidence was included according to the criteria described by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM). Prerequisites for a successful pulpotomy are symptom-free teeth, sterile removal of coronal pulp and haemostasis. Both MTA and formocresol perform well for partial pulpotomies after caries exposure. Formocresol had been the most popular amputation material for pulpotomies. Due to the potential side effects, other medicaments, such as ferric sulfate, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or NaOCl are suggested. Grey and white MTA yeld the same results. Lasers are not recommended due to their large diversity. Regarding pulpectomy, the conditions, procedures, and evaluation for the treatment were not well defined in the studies. Nevertheless, there is evidence to use calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol paste or iodoform based pastes as root filling materials for non-vital molars. Pulpectomies showed better success rates than pulpotomies. Stainless steel crowns are recommended as definite restorations after both endodontic treatments. Longer follow-up periods, further clinical studies with comparable conditions and clear definition of evaluation criteria are needed to further confirm the results of endodontic treatment in primary teeth.

Application Value of Non-traumatic Repair Technique in the Treatment of Deciduous Teeth in Children

Application Value of Non-traumatic Repair Technique in the Treatment of Deciduous Teeth in Children

Pain assessment following endodontic treatment using two automated systems compared to manual treatment in primary molars.

Root canal treatment in primary teeth is quite difficult and time-consuming, especially canal preparation. Pain is the most common negative outcome following root canal treatment, occurring hours or days after treatment. It is an unpleasant experience for both the patient and the dentist. The objective of this study was to assess the severity and duration of pain following the endodontic treatment of primary molars with the use of rotary and reciprocating preparation systems compared to the traditional manual method. The research sample consisted of 157 asymptomatic primary lower second molars with non-vital pulp that were indicated for root canal treatment. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: in the 1st group, the molars (n = 52) were prepared using the manual method; in the 2nd group (n = 53), a reciprocating automated preparation system (WaveOne®) was used; and in the 3rd group (n = 52), a rotary preparation system (ProTaper Next®) was used. Pain assessment was carried out after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and after 1 week, using a four-face facial pain scale. The manual method provided a higher pain score through 6, 12 and 24 h (p < 0.05) as compared to the 2 automated preparation systems. The intensity of pain did not vary between the 2 machine preparation systems after 6, 12 , 24, and 48 h (p > 0.05). There were no differences between the 3 methods after 72 h and after 1 week (p > 0.05). The manual method caused more pain than the other 2 preparation systems, but there was no difference between the 2 automated methods. Automated root canal preparation systems could be used to reduce the intensity of postoperative pain after the endodontic treatment of primary teeth.

Biomechanical preparation in primary endodontics- A comprehensive review

A major objective of modern dentistry for children is to maintain the integrity of the primary dentition until normal exfoliation, for the purpose of promoting function, esthetics and phonetics. Endodontic treatment in primary teeth can be challenging and time consuming, especially during canal preparations, which is considered one of the most important steps in root canal therapy. In recent years, new materials, equipments and instruments have evolved to a great extend and simplified the endodontic treatment procedures for the clinicians. Hence, we aim to provide review on some of the important aspects of the biomechanical preparation of the teeth.

Social assessment of children dental health and its determining factors

Relevance.The high prevalence of tooth decay requires investigation of its risk factors. The aim was to study tooth decay risk factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health (based on parents’ assessment).Materials and methods.The research evaluated the dental health of six-year-olds and factors defining their oral health; The study surveyed 515 parents of six-year-old children from 7 kindergartens in Arkhangelsk. Pearson chi-square test assessed the differences in the frequency of tooth decay factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health. The accepted significance level was 0.05.Results.The Arkhangelsk parents evaluated the dental health of their six-year-olds as relatively favourable: good (41.2%) and satisfactory (46.6%). Only 9.5% of children had poor health. Children generally had good oral hygiene skills: 86.8% liked brushing their teeth; 60.2% squeezed the optimal amount of toothpaste on the toothbrush; 56.7% brushed their teeth twice a day. The dental literacy of parents was satisfactory: 67.0% purchased toothpaste for children; 90.8% considered necessary to treat primary teeth; 69.2% replaced toothbrush every three months; 59.7% visited a pediatric dentist twice a year. The children with poor dental health had insufficient oral hygiene skills: 46.9% did not like teeth cleaning; 51.1% brushed their teeth once a day. Their diet was not healthy: 100.0% did not eat hard food; 65.3% frequently consumed sweets. The parents of children with poor dental health had low medical literacy and poor oral hygiene: 46.9% did not know that treatment of primary teeth was necessary; 42.9% considered the treatment of primary teeth as unnecessary; 32.6% purchased whatever toothpaste. The general negative trend is to use toothpaste without fluoride (68.1%).Conclusions.The results of the study demonstrated a significantly higher frequency of cariogenic factors in children with poor dental health.

Evaluation of effect of calcium hydroxide as a root canal dressing material on dentin micro tensile fracture strength in primary teeth: An in-vitro study

Background: Root canal treatment in primary teeth is indicated when the radicular pulp exhibits clinical signs of irreversible pulpitis or pulp necrosis while the roots show minimal or no resorption. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide as a root canal dressing material on dentin microtensile fracture strength in primary teeth. Materials and methods: 60 human maxillary primary incisor were divided into two experimental groups. The teeth were immersed in saline at room temperature for 7 (group I), 30 (group II) and 90 days (group III). The saline was changed with a fresh sterile solution once a week. In group IV, 15 teeth with root canals filled with sterile saline and the orifices sealed with IRM. Microtensile fracture strength was measured in Mechanical tester Lloyd testing machine. Results: The mean microtensile fracture strength in group I was 30.5 MPa, in group II was 25.7 MPA, in group III was 92 MPA and in group IV was 34.9 MPa. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Calcium hydroxide placed in root canals for an extended time had a significantly negative effect on root strength.

Cost analysis of endodontic treatment in primary teeth: results from a randomized clinical trial.

This study compared the cost of endodontic treatment in primary teeth involving a technique that does not require root canal instrumentation using antibiotic paste (CTZ) with that of the instrumented technique using iodoform paste (GP). This study is part of a randomized, controlled, parallel arm, noninferiority, 1:1 allocation, blinded (patient) multioperator study of 52 primary incisors of children aged 3 to 6 years with caries lesion and pulp involvement. Each technique was performed according to the creators' descriptions. The cost was assessed by analyzing the costs of capital, dental supplies, and professional labor according to the time taken to perform the procedure and the CHEERS guidelines were used to report the cost assessment. Endodontic treatment with CTZ had a 58.33% lower execution cost than GP (US$6.73 and US$16.15, respectively). The t-test showed significant differences between groups regarding treatment time and total cost (p < 0.0001). The CTZ technique seems to be more economically viable than GP for endodontic treatment of primary teeth, requiring a shorter treatment time and lower costs.

Survival rate of pulpectomy in primary teeth using Feapex® paste: a clinical study in infants

Objective: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the survival rate of a new pulpectomy protocol using2% chlorhexidine digluconate gel and Feapex paste for endodontic treatment in primary teeth. Material andMethods: A total of 105 pulpectomies were performed in anterior and posterior teeth of 48 infants (1-3 yearsold) with high caries experience with irreversible pulpitis or pulp necrosis. All treatments were performed bydental surgeons with no specialization in Pediatric Dentistry, under local anesthesia and rubberdam isolation.Manual files were used in conjunction with 2% chlorherixidine gel for root canal instrumentation, and Feapex®paste was used as a obturation material. The clinical and radiographic outcomes were collected by one trainedindependent evaluator with a follow-up period of 24months. Success was determined by the absence of pain,pathological mobility, pathologic bone rarefaction, pathological root resorption and soft tissue pathology aroundthe affected tooth Survival of the endodontic treatment was evaluated by estimating survival rates throughKaplan-Meier curves. Cox Regression analysis with shared fragility were performed to evaluate the associationbetween the independent variables to endodontic treatment failure (alpha=5%). Results: After 24 months, thetreatment survival was 86% (SE=0.03). Root resorption at baseline was associated with a higher risk of failure(HR=2.81; CI=1.12-7.08; p=0.027). The survival rate of the endodontic treated teeth due to dental traumawas 100%, while teeth with dental caries had lower survival rate (85.05%; p&lt;0.001*). Other variables analyzedincluded gender, age of the child, tooth position (incisor/molar), restoration type, obturation quality, andcaries experience were not associated with treatment failure (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The new protocol using2% chlorhexidine digluconate and Feapex® presented a high survival rate and can be considered as a suitableprotocol for pulpectomy in primary teeth.Trial Registration: REBEC (RBR-282s2f).KEYWORDSRoot canal treatment; Primary teeth; Infants; Pulpectomy.

Evaluation of pulping therapy in deciduous teeth using chlorhephenicol tetracycline and Zinc oxide

ABSTRACT The technique using CTZ paste (chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and zinc oxide-eugenol) in the endodontic treatment of deciduous teeth is easy to perform and requires a single session, which is an advantage with child patients. The inexistence of clinical protocols with the use of CTZ and the multifactorial endodontic repair process in deciduous teeth evidence the need for research on the subject. This study aimed to suggest a clinical protocol model for the systematization and standardization of the endodontic treatment of deciduous teeth using CTZ paste. In the case report presented, after pulp therapy, clinical-radiographical follow-up was conducted after 30, 60, 90 and 180 days. It was concluded that using CTZ paste is a simple, viable, and satisfactory alternative. Future clinical studies are needed regarding CTZ use in child clinic with strong scientific evidence.