Transverse Form Research Articles

Unraveling subleading twist GTMDs of proton using light-front quark-diquark model

This study investigates the subleading twist generalized transverse momentum dependent distributions (GTMDs) of a proton within the light-front quark-diquark model framework. We solve the parametrization equations for the Dirac matrix structure, yielding explicit GTMD expressions for both scalar and vector diquark configurations, leading to expressions for active u and d quarks. This analysis addresses the multidimensional nature of GTMDs by exploring their dependencies on one or two variables while keeping others fixed. Additionally, we extract transverse momentum dependent form factors from GTMDs by integrating over the longitudinal momentum fraction x. The study uses three-dimensional plots to illustrate the variation of transverse momentum dependent form factors with the quark’s transverse momentum p⊥ and the transverse momentum transfer to the proton Δ⊥. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Metabolic politics: A comparative synthesis

AbstractNew arrangements of power are emerging in response to the turbulence generated by the quest to improve life and render it productive. This paper specifies such arrangements by developing the concept of metabolic politics: an apparatus that shifts from discipline to power regulating material, bodily, and environmental transformations. The dominant function of metabolic politics is to render the transformative capacities of living bodies and the circulatory dynamics of materials into object‐targets of governance. Through a comparative analysis of regulating pollution from industrial poultry units in Britain and India, the paper identifies logics of a metabolic politics and distinguishes these from the biopolitics of populations. Metabolic politics entails interventions targeting a milieu rather than deviant populations; its actions are directed at transformative capacities of bodies in addition to improving their productivity; its modes of governance operates via regulation and not just discipline; and its techniques of operation proceed through modulation instead of enclosure. Metabolic politics is a transversal form of power. It is situated and historically contingent, rather than uniform and universal. As a response to crises generated by the industrialisation and cheapening of life, metabolic politics furnishes vital insights into the administration and governance of the contemporary living and material world.

The Role of Tide and Wind in Modulating Density Stratification in the Pearl River Estuary during the Dry Season

Density stratification plays a crucial role in estuarine hydrodynamics and material transport. In this study, we utilized a well-calibrated numerical model to investigate the stratification processes and underlying mechanisms in the dynamically wide Pearl River Estuary (PRE). In the upper estuary, longitudinal straining governs stratification, enhancing it during ebb tide and reducing it during flood tide. The Coriolis force becomes significant in the lower estuary due to the increased basin width, causing seaward freshwater to be confined to the West Shoal, where a pronounced transverse salinity gradient forms. Interacting with lateral current shear, density stratification is most pronounced in this region. The prevailing northeasterly wind creates a mixed layer near the surface, shifting stratification to the middle layer of the water column in the upper estuary. Wind stirring reduces stratification throughout the estuary. Under the wind’s influence, the seaward outflow is confined to a narrower region and shifts westward, resulting in the most apparent stratification occurring on the West Shoal of the PRE due to lateral straining. These findings on the evolution of freshwater pathways and their role in modulating density stratification have significant implications for other wide estuaries, such as Delaware Bay and the La Plata-Parana estuary.

Role of the Center of Mass Correction in Magnetic Form Factors for 19O and 21Na Exotic Nuclei with Different Interactions

The transverse magnetic electron scattering form factors of 19O and 21Na exotic nuclei were studied in the plane wave Born approximation (PWBA). The shell model calculations with three sd-shell interactions, USDA, USDB, and Wildenthal, were carried out for the ground and low-lying excited states. The exact center of mass correction in the Born approximation picture through the translation-invariant shell model (TISM) was included to modify the transverse form factors. The measured magnetic dipole moments were well reproduced with the core polarization (CP) effect introduced through the effective g-factors. The occupancies percentage with respect to the valence nucleons was also calculated.

STUDYING INELASTIC TRANSVERSE ELECTRON SCATTERING FORM FACTORS OF THE ISOSCALAR TRANSITIONS IN 10B NUCLEUS

The inelastic transverse electron scattering form factors are studied for the fourisoscalar transitions for the states of 10B nucleus. These states are specifiedby J T  =1+0 (0.718 MeV), 1 0 2 (2.154 MeV), 2+0 (3.587 MeV) and 3 0 2 (4.774MeV). These form factors are analyzed in the framework of the harmonic oscillatorshell model.The transverse form factors have been calculated in the framework of the multinucleonconfiguration mixing shell model using the two-body interaction of Cohenand Kurath (C-K) to generate the 1p-shell wave function. The core polarization (CP)effects are included in the calculations through effective g-factors. A higherconfiguration effect outside the 1p-shell model space enhances the form factors forq-values and reasonably reproduces the data. The value of the size parameter (b) ischosen to reproduce the root mean square charge radius. The present results arecompared with available experimental data and with that of other models.PACS:21.60-n,21.60 Cs, 25.30Dh,27.20 th

Focusing field energy flow simulation of an azimuthally polarized Lorentz–Gaussian beam modulated by a concentric vortex phase mask

Based on the vector diffraction theory, this paper investigated the energy flow evolution of focusing an azimuthally polarized Lorentz–Gaussian beam modulated by concentric vortex phase mask. Three concentric zones make up the concentric vortex phase mask: the center zone, middle circular zone, and outer circular zone. Each zone has an adjusted phase. The findings demonstrate that flexible transverse energy flow rings can be obtained in the focal plane and that transverse energy flows with various polygonal forms can be produced by varying the middle circular radius or phase distribution. By adjusting the phase of the center zone and outer circular zone, the normalized transverse energy flow distribution can be rotated or changed. Findings demonstrate that this technique offers a potent means of controlling the distribution and orientation of Poynting vectors and electromagnetic fields. Moreover, a series of energy flow rings are generated to facilitate the transportation of absorptive particles to predetermined positions. These phenomena may provide a new approach for particle capture and optical particle manipulation.

Analysis of the energy efficiency and control ability under different magnetic flux forms in RPECT

Roll profile electromagnetic control technology (RPECT), which has the flexible control ability of the roll profile, is a new roll gap control technology that can be applied in the cold rolling process. The electromagnetic stick (ES) is generally used as the main bulging driving to adjust the roll profile. However, the ES structure can be changed with the variation of the electromagnetic flux forms, which further results in the difference of the energy efficiency and control ability. In this paper, the transverse magnetic flux form (TMF) and longitudinal magnetic flux form (LMF) of RPECT are proposed, and the principles of TMF and LMF are analyzed, and their advantages in the heat transfer paths are discussed. To conduct the parameterized impact analysis, the electromagnetic-thermal-structural coupled model matching the two electromagnetic flux forms are established and verified. Through the analysis of the current density, the current frequency, the external cooling and the initial roll temperature, the results show that the variation of the current densities, the current frequencies or the initial roll temperatures can change the control ability of RPECT, while changing the external cooling can not affect that of RPECT. The energy efficiency intersection of TMF and LMF can be achieved by changing the current density or current frequency separately. However, compared with changing the current frequency, increasing the current density of TMF to two times of LMF at different initial roll temperatures can realize the energy efficiency intersection of TMF and LMF, which is the best way to achieve this goal.

Tunable chiral photonic cavity based on multiferroic layers.

Realization of externally tunable chiral photonic sources and resonators is essential for studying and functionalizing chiral matter. Here, oxide-based stacks of helical multiferroic layers are shown to provide a suitable, electrically-controllable medium to efficiently trap and filter purely chiral photonic fields. Using analytical and rigorous coupled wave numerical methods we simulate the dispersion and scattering characteristics of electromagnetic waves in multiferroic heterostructures. The results evidence that due to scattering from the spin helix texture, only the modes with a particular transverse wavenumber form standing chiral waves in the cavity, whereas all other modes leak out from the resonator. An external static electric field enables a nonvolatile and energy-efficient control of the vector spin chirality associated with the oxide multilayers, which tunes the photonic chirality density in the resonator.

The Epistemic Case for Sci-Art: Toward a Posthuman Praxis

AbstractThis article seeks to strengthen the epistemic case for sci-art by demonstrating how partnerships across paradigms can combine methodologies rooted in multiple knowledge traditions. Drawing on Robin Nelson’s multimodal conceptualization of artistic research and Bruno Latour’s model of science as a circulatory system of heterogeneous human and nonhuman phenomena, the author characterizes sci-art as a form of posthuman praxis, which opens new epistemic positions through transversal forms of inquiry, thereby revealing shared human/nonhuman cultures. Sci-art is thus proposed as a means of drawing together humans and nonhumans into more productive, empathic associations.

Contribution of nuclear excitation electromagnetic form factors in C12 and O16 to the Coulomb sum rule

We report on empirical parameterizations of longitudinal and transverse nuclear excitation electromagnetic form factors in ${\rm ^{12}C}$ and ${\rm ^{16}O}$. We extract the contribution of nuclear excitations to the Normalized Inelastic Coulomb Sum Rule (\csr) as a function of momentum transfer $\bf q$ and find that it is significant (0.29$\pm$0.030 at $\bf q$= 0.22 GeV). The total contributions of nuclear excitations to $S_L({\bf q})$ in ${\rm ^{12}C}$ and ${\rm ^{16}O}$ are found to be equal within the uncertainties. Since the cross sections for nuclear excitations are significant, the radiative tails from nuclear excitations should be included in precise calculations of radiative corrections to quasielastic electron scattering at low $\bf q$ and deep-inelastic electron scattering at large energy transfers $\nu$. The parameterizations also serve as a benchmark in testing theoretical modeling of cross sections for excitation of nuclear states in electron and neutrino interactions on nuclear targets at low energies.

Evaluation of crystallization patterns in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral malignancies: A prospective study.

Oral cancers are often detected at late stages, and patients usually had a 50% chance of a 5-year survival rate. Oral cancer usually has an early precancerous stage before its actual malignant transformation. Although there are various approaches to diagnose the early stages of cancer, there is one less explored, cost-effective, and simple technique known as the crystallization test. The aim of the study was to evaluate the crystallization patterns in tobacco users, oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and oral malignancies. Fifteen patients with oral malignancies, 15 patients with oral potentially malignant disorders, 15 tobacco users, and 15 healthy individuals participated in the crystallization test. Single blood drop was used to perform this test and the obtained crystal patterns were analyzed. This test had a sensitivity of 93.3%, 80.0%, and 20.0% for oral malignancies, oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (PMDs), and tobacco users, respectively. Chi-square analysis revealed a highly significant transverse form between OPMDs and oral malignancies (P < 0.05). Crystallization test was found to be a sensitive, reliable, economical, and less invasive procedure for screening of oral PMDs and oral malignancies under strictly maintained physical conditions.

The Basis of Clarifying the Charges Against Ibn Abbas (may God be pleased with him): An Objective Study

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This Research aims to respond to the Orientalists who were accused By Ibn Abbas, May God Be Pleased with him, Including the accusations placed In the Interpretation and the Adoption Of the Israelites and to clarify these charges and how to respond to them.it is better to present a short view about him first. He is Ibn Hisham Ibn Abd al-Manaf who was born in Mecca when he was among His People. Then after that we explained the Placement in language and Idiomatically, in the Language it is Against the Nominative. His Status Puts Him Down, And He Puts It In A Fabricated Position. As For The Terminology, It Is a Transverse Form Of Something Because Of Two Ratios, But According To The People Of hadith It Is A Fabricated Hadith, And We Also Explained Why The Orientalists chose Ibn Abbas In Accusing Him Of These Accusations, Which Is that he was living In the House Of Prophet hood. This Earns him a Place and received acceptance. From his Descendants were the Abbasid Caliphs who were they have Sovereignty and leadership in the Islamic State. Then the researcher explained after that the Narrations that Ibn Abbas was accused of, and among these narrations that were Attributed to him was in The Almighty’s Saying (God who Created Seven Heavens and the Earth Are Like Them) and how the Scholars responded to this accusation, Then the researcher also reached to injustice the Interpreters of him, Because taking from him would gain the Recipient light And knowledge. So they tried to harm him and undermine his value. The researcher explained that the Orientalists overstepped Him by accusing him of taking from the Israelites and how they attributed to him the book of Al-Isra and Al-Miraj. This Book is not found in any Printed Musnad Ibn Abbas, May God Be Pleased With Him.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Calculation of the electromagnetic moments and electroexcitation form factors for some boron isotopes using shell model with skyrme interaction

The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments for some Boron isotopes were calculated using the shell model taking into account the effect of the two-body effective interactions and the single-particle potentials. These isotopes are; (8 5)B(2 +), (1 50)B(3 +), (1 51)B((3/2)−), ( 1 52)B(1 +) and (1 53)B((3/2)−). Also, the elastic and inelastic longitudinal and transverse electron scattering form factors are calculated for 10B and 11B, for which there are available experimental data. The one-body transition density matrix elements (OBDM) were calculated using the two-body effective interactions; PWT, PEWT, PKUO and CKIHE, which are carried out in the p-shell model space. Skyrme interaction was implemented to generate the single-particle matrix elements with Hartree-Fock approximation and compared with those of harmonic-oscillator and Wood-Saxon potentials. All the evaluated results were compared with available experimental data. The present work has led us to conclude that the shell model calculations with Skyrme type interaction give a good tool for nuclear structure studies. All signs for the experimental electromagnetic moments data are reproduced correctly. The longitudinal and transverse form factors for positive and negative parity states are fairly well reproduced when using a suitable model space.

Average and statistical properties of coherent radiation from steady-state microbunching.

A promising accelerator light source mechanism called steady-state microbunching (SSMB) is being actively studied. With the combination of strong coherent radiation from microbunching and high repetition rate of a storage ring, high-average-power narrow-band radiation can be anticipated from an SSMB storage ring, with wavelengths ranging from THz to soft X-ray. Such a novel light source could provide new opportunities for accelerator photon science like high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and industrial applications like extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. In this paper, a theoretical and numerical study of the average and statistical properties of coherent radiation from SSMB are presented. The results show that 1 kW average-power quasi-continuous-wave EUV radiation can be obtained from an SSMB ring provided that an average current of 1 A and a microbunch train with bunch length of 3 nm can be formed at the radiator which is assumed to be an undulator. Together with the narrow-band feature, the EUV photon flux can reach 6 × 1015 photons s-1 within a 0.1 meV energy bandwidth, which is three orders of magnitude higher than that in a conventional synchrotron source and is appealing for fundamental condensed matter physics and other research. In this theoretical investigation, we have generalized the definition and derivation of the transverse form factor of an electron beam which can quantify the impact of its transverse size on coherent radiation. In particular, it has been shown that the narrow-band feature of SSMB radiation is strongly correlated with the finite transverse electron beam size. Considering the pointlike nature of electrons and quantum nature of radiation, the coherent radiation fluctuates from microbunch to microbunch, or for a single microbunch from turn to turn. Some important results concerning the statistical properties of SSMB radiation are presented, with a brief discussion on its potential applications, for example the beam diagnostics. The presented work is of value for the development of SSMB to better serve potential synchrotron radiation users. In addition, this also sheds light on understanding the radiation characteristics of free-electron lasers, coherent harmonic generation, etc.

Complete transversal and formal normal forms of germs of vector fields

In this work, inspired by the technique of the complete transversal, used for the classification of plane branches, developed by Hefez, A. and Hernandes, M., as well as Bruce, J.W., Kirk, N.P. and du Plesis, A.A., study the singularities of applications, we establish a classification of vector fields through their normal forms. In the case of vector fields with non zero linear part in $(\mathbb{C}^{2}, 0) $ and nilpotent fields in $(\mathbb {C}^{n}, 0), n\geq 2$ we recover the classical normal forms for those fields, and we provide a formal normal form different from Takens in dimension 2. Likewise, we obtain the normal form for the vector fields in $(\mathbb{C},0)$ of any multiplicity.

Becoming Molecular as a Condition for Creating New Spaces of Freedom

This volume includes texts by authors who are explicitly inspired by the ecosophical pragmatics of Félix Guattari or who resonate with it. Published in a blend of English and Spanish, the thirteen articles were written by researchers, artists, art historians, philosophers, and schizoanalysts from Asia, America, and Europe. Their methods, ideas, and approaches highlight the ability of creative practice to map and engender complex, relational, singularized, transversal, and constitutive forms of life. Departing from bold analyses of capitalism’s mechanisms of subjection, their contributions describe how art is able to resist the repressive politics of dominant representations and mobilize processes of existential heterogenesis through molecular becomings. The origin of this publication is the IV International Symposium Mutant ecologies in contemporary art: machinic capitalism, molecular beings, and subsistence territories that took place online on November 25-26, 2020, which had as special guest the philosopher and art theorist Gerald Raunig. This special issue of the Journal of Global Studies and Contemporary Art builds on the project started with the book Mutating Ecologies in Contemporary Art (Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona) which investigated the conjunction of the ecological turn in contemporary art and Guattarian ecosophy to inquire about the role of art in light of the challenges posed by the environmental degradation and the socio-political crises of today. Thirty years after Guattari’s death and the publication of Chaosmosis (1992), this collection of texts testifies that Guattari’s clinical and critical analyses continue to infuse artistic, ecological, and political practice with a revolutionary potential.

Longitudinal and transverse form factors from 65Cu and 71Ga nuclei

In the present work, the inelastic electron scattering for longitudinal and transverse form factors of 65Cu and 71Ga nuclei lies in the fp-shell region are studied in the framework of the shell model. The calculation is performed in the (1f5/2, 2p3/2, 2p1/2, 1g9/2) model space using jun45 effective interaction. The wavefunctions employed to conduct the shell model calculations are extracted from the jun45 effective interaction for these nuclei with the jj44 shell model space and (Sk35−Skzs ∗) residual interaction to evaluate the interactions matrix element between initial and final states. The effective charges used to account for the core-polarization (CP) effect are created using calculations of microscopic perturbations that include intermediate one-particle, one-hole excitation from the core and the model space (MS) orbits into all upper orbits with \(n\hslash \omega\) excitations following the same approach done in [Radhi et al. in Euro. Phys. J. A 50:1–9, 2014]. To account for the (CP) effects contribution, the inelastic form factor is obtained by employing the shape of Tassie and Bohr–Mottelson models with appropriate proton and neutron effective charges. The calculated form factors were compared with available experimental data.

Dressed quark-gluon vertex form factors from gauge symmetry

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; We present preliminary results on the longitudinal and transverse form factors of the quark-gluon vertex as functions of the incoming and outgoing quark momenta and an angle θ = 2π/3 between them. The expressions for these form factors were previously derived from Slavnov-Taylor identities, gauge covariance and multiplicative renormalizability that firmly constrain the fermion-boson vertex.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Investigation of electrical and magnetical multipoles contributions to the total longitudinal and transverse form factors in some positive and negative 27Al states using different interactions

The shell model and Skyrme interaction calculations were used to study the nuclear structure of the 27Al nucleus. In particular, inelastic electron scattering form factors, energy levels, and transition probabilities for positive and some negative parity low energy states have been calculated. The sd shell model was used with SKX parameters for positive parity cases. The calculations were performed on sd space interactions and the best results were obtained from HBUMSD, HBUSD, CWH, PW, and W interactions. For negative parity cases, the zbm model space with SKXcsb parameters has been used with zwm interactions. The excitation energies and transitions probabilities to the ground state 5/2+ for positive parity states have been also calculated. The calculated form factors, energy level diagrams, and transition probabilities were compared with the available experimental data. It was confirmed that the Skyrme interaction is suitable with the shell model to study the nuclear structure.

Numerical investigation on buoyancy-driven flow over a circular cylinder in a channel with nonparallel walls

The flow over a stationary cylinder is destabilized mainly in the separated shear layer (SSL) and wake regions and transverse shedding forms downstream of the cylinder. It has been revealed that aiding/opposing buoyancy or diverging/converging channel could stabilize/destabilize the separated and wake flows, while their joint effect has not been investigated. In this numerical investigation, the low-Re buoyancy-driven flow over a circular cylinder placed in a channel consists of diverging or converging walls is studied. We aim to reveal the effects of two parameters, i.e. Richardson number Ri representing buoyancy and channel angle α, on the flow dynamics and heat transfer. The cases of aiding (Ri > 0) and opposing (Ri < 0) buoyancy, and diverging (α > 0) and converging (α < 0) channels are considered in this work. The effects of Ri and α are presented in terms of the instantaneous flow field, global characteristic quantities, heat transfer between the fluid and cylinder surface, separation and shearing of wake flow, and temperature variations of the channel walls. We found that the flow transits to steady subjected to aiding buoyancy at a lower value of Ri where the fluctuations of force and heat transfer rate reduces to zero; however, the mean drag and Nusselt number do not exhibit monotonic variations with Ri. The convection heat transfer is prone to be notably affected by Ri rather than α on the leeward side of the cylinder, and its fluctuation is significant in the separation zone downstream of the separation point. Depending on the value of Ri, the steady and unsteady wake flow present different velocity profile as well as the shearing; the deficit wake flow recovers more rapidly for the steady flow cases.