Development Of Transport Sector Research Articles

Modelling Road Traffic Noise for Collector Road (Case Study of Denpasar City)

Population growth and development of activities in Denpasar City have a great influence on the development of transportation sector. The increase of population has been followed by high growth rate of private vehicles. This condition has increased environmental degradation, not only in terms of fuel consumption but also in terms of air pollution and traffic noise produced by motor vehicles. Traffic noise has caused negative effects such as communication difficulty, increase of stress, sleep disturbance, and also hearing problem. In order to overcome these problems, in the first instance, it is required to be able estimate the level of traffic noise produced by certain traffic volume. Therefore, it is important to understand factors that influence traffic noise. The objective of this study is to develop model estimation of traffic noise, in particular for collector roads. Traffic data collected included traffic volume (classified by vehicle types), speed, and road geometric. Data were analysed by using multiple linear regression method. This study found that as the proportion of motor cycle dominates the road traffic (about 75%), motor cycle volume was found to be the most significant traffic noise predictor. Holding other factors constant, the increase of 100 motor cycle will increase traffic noise LAeq for about 0.3dB. The increase in LA10, LA50 and LA90 are 0.4, 0.4 and 06, respectively. The average error of the predicted value from the measured value for Leq is -2.33%. Average error for L10, L50 and L90 is +0.39%, -1.04% and +0.002%, respectively. This model of traffic noise level can be used to predict vehicle noise level for collector road with an average speed of vehicles between 23-49km/hour.

Restructuring transport sector towards sustainability: infrastructure and market prospects of alternative fuels in EU transportation

The penetration of alternative fuels in transport is widely acknowledged to be essential towards a sustainable low carbon future of transport system. The main market barrier for alternative fuels is the lack of the associated infrastructure development. This paper presents the involved decision makers related to the market of alternative fuels and depicts the importance of their coordination through public intervention, regulations and incentives. The focus of this paper is on the key market and economic factors related to the uptake of biofuels, electricity and hydrogen infrastructure in Europe. Identifying the decision makers and understanding their relationship is a key factor for enabling policy-makers to eventually design targeted strategies towards the envisaged sustainable development of transport sector.

The Impact of Gasoline Subsidy Removal on the Transportation Sector in Nigeria

Nigeria, like other oil exporting countries in the world has embarked on the policy of gradual removal of fuel subsidies since 1970s. However, this issue has become highly contentious in recent time due to the incessant nature and the effects on the economy. To this end the paper examine the impact of subsidy removal on transport sector development in Nigeria using the co-integration and error-correction models. The result showed that subsidy had a positive and significant relationship with transport sector which implies that removing gasoline subsidies can increase the operational cost of transportation sector and reduce the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country.

Low-carbon Transport Sectoral Development and Policy in Hong Kong and Singapore

The transport sector remains one of the main sources of carbon emissions in most countries and road transport accounted for more than 16.5% of global carbon emissions in 2011. The urgent need to develop sustainable low-carbon urban transport systems particularly in Asia will face the challenge of increasing motorization following population growth and economic development in the coming decades to 2050. This paper makes a comparison of the transport sector development and policy in Hong Kong and Singapore. Their relative performance will be determined qualitatively and quantitatively to understand the impacts of transportation policies over the past decades. Policy lessons to develop a sustainable transport system drawn from the experience of Hong Kong and Singapore will be put forth to conclude.

Some managerial and technical issues in transport sector development projects

In development projects there is only one problem, but it is huge: everything is connected to everything else. The authors separated from the whole the following important issues: (1) Project management and coordination: The Recipient Country’s Aid Coordination Unit (ACU) and Project Implementation Unit (PIU) staffed with competent local experts are necessary to hold the reform process memory. This issue is considered in the context of “Ownership” and “Government Leadership” as it is recognized in donor aid forums in the last decade. (2) Human resource development: Most technical assistance is oriented toward providing solutions, and the development of local capacities is ignored. The authors point out the importance of specially selected local experts—the “Technical Communication Officers”. (3) Institutional functioning: A ‘process consultation’ approach to institutional restructuring is promoted in which the Recipient has the key role. It is also recommended that the Recipient is the initiator of technical assistance in the projects. (4) Design standards are a recurrent and difficult problem. Recommendations are necessary how to transit to the new standards and how to mediate their approval process. (5) Procurement and management of consulting services: The authors argue that the recipient country qualified professionals have to be in the lead role. The vignettes in the paper are from the “real world” although they are modified slightly to protect privacy.

MODELING PERFORMANCE OF RAILWAYS NODES AS INTERMODAL TERMINALS

Abstract Present performance of railway transport sector is determined by two groups of factors. The first one relates to the changes of external economic environment of railway performance, while the second one deals with the internal changes in the railway transport sector. These factors determine priority directions of railway transport sector development. A good example of such development is implementation of intermodal services, which in turn foresee concept of integration of various logistics service providers. In this paper assumption is made, that implementation of intermodal services as well as integration of various logistics services providers can not be reached without proper nodes on the multimodal transport networks. Therefore definition, urge and some key functions of intermodal terminal are discussed. Later theoretical model of such terminal performance is presented. The paper ends with conclusions about the meaning of intermodal terminal to the increase of quality level of railway transp...

MODELING PERFORMANCE OF RAILWAYS NODES AS INTERMODAL TERMINALS

Present performance of railway transport sector is determined by two groups of factors. The first one relates to the changes of external economic environment of railway performance, while the second one deals with the internal changes in the railway transport sector. These factors determine priority directions of railway transport sector development. A good example of such development is implementation of intermodal services, which in turn foresee concept of integration of various logistics service providers. In this paper assumption is made, that implementation of intermodal services as well as integration of various logistics services providers can not be reached without proper nodes on the multimodal transport networks. Therefore definition, urge and some key functions of intermodal terminal are discussed. Later theoretical model of such terminal performance is presented. The paper ends with conclusions about the meaning of intermodal terminal to the increase of quality level of railway transport sector performance.

Structure of regional energy consumption in China

Macroscopic analysis on structure of energy consumption in China and its recent succession were performed. These structures and their succession in the latter half of 1980's were classified based on regional statistics. In China, the consuming share of solid fossil fuels represented by coal is significantly large and the share of industrial sector is also large, while recently both of them are decreasing.Regional diversity of energy consumption structure is noticeable in China. For instance, Shanghai and Guangdong consume much more liquid fuels due to the development of transportation sector. In Sichuan, Henan, Hebei and Heilongjiang, the share of household sector is relatively great.In China, bottle neck of energy transportation seems to cause that structure of energy consumption reflects the regional structure of industry and type of produced fossil energy strongly. This tendency appears significantly in household sector. Through the latter half of 1980's the dependence on coal had become smaller and per capita energy consumption was increasing. The constitution of fossil fuels excluding coal shows some diversity, for instance, LPG in Beijing, natural gas in Liaoning, coal gas in Shanghai are characteristics. In urbanized region, industrial region and coastal region, the share of electricity consumption is relatively large.