Transmission Of Mammary Tumor Virus Research Articles

非近交ddマウスにおける乳癌ウイルス (MuMTV) 感染の実態

The expression of mammary tumor virus (MTV) antigen in the milk and various organs of three non-inbred dd mouse stocks (ddO, ddN and ddY) was examined by the immunodiffusion (ID) and micro-immunodiffusion (micro-ID) tests. The rate of MTV antigen expression in the milk was 100% at the first lactation in ddO (6/6) and ddN mice (10/10), and 23% in ddY mice (3/13). Mammary tumor incidence was 13% (mean tumor age: 12.0 months), 32% (9.6 months) and 10% (11.5 months) in ddO, ddN and ddY mice, respectively, In F1 hybrids between MTV-free BALB/c females and dd males, a high level of MTV antigen was detected by the ID test in the milk of (BALB/c X ddO) F1, however, the levels in (BALB/c X ddN) F1 and (BALB/c X ddY) F1 mice were low at the first lactation and elevated with the advance of lactation number. Mammary tumor incidence had a trend to be higher and earlier in these F1 hybrids than in non-inbred dd stocks. The development of mammary tumors and detection of MTV antigen in F1 hybrids indicate the extrachromosomal transmission of MTV by male dd mice. The micro-ID test has shown that the mammary tumors, mammary glands, male genital organs except for the testis and the salivary gland expressed MTV antigen, with a high frequency of suggesting that secondary male genital organs may play an important role in MTV infection in mice.

Isolation and characterization of germ line DNA from mouse sperm.

Mouse germ line DNA was isolated from sperm by a physicochemical procedure that preferentially destroys contaminating somatic cell DNA. The use of reducing conditions and chelating agents in combination with phenol permitted extraction of molecular weight DNA from mature sperm nuclei with approximately 80% efficiency. Less than 0.1% somatic cell DNA contamination remained in sperm DNA prepared by this method. Germ line DNA was characterized by determination of its ultraviolet absorbance spectrum, buoyant density in cesium chloride, and melting profile on a hydroxyapatite column. Contamination by mitochondrial DNA was assessed by cesium chloride/ethidium bromide gradient centrifugation. The significance of the mouse germ line DNA isolation procedure is discussed with respect to the possible genetic transmission of mammary tumor virus and leukemia virus, the origin of antibody diversity, and the origin of testicular teratomas.

Transmission of Mammary Tumor Virus in Mouse Strain DD: Further Support for the Uniqueness of Strain GR

Outcrosses between high tumor mouse strain DD and low-incidence strains BALB/c and C57BL to produce reciprocal F1 susceptible offspring of both types resulted in high incidences of mammary tumors in (DD female X BALB/c male)F1 and (DD female X C57BL male)F1 females but not in the reciprocal hybrids with DD as the male parent. The finding that transmission of murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) in DD was through the milk, as most often observed in mouse strains, further supported the uniqueness of strain GR in which MuMTV is transmitted by either parent.

Paternal transmission of mammary tumor virus from DD/Tbr strain of mice by crossing with BALB/c or C57BL/6J strains.

Paternal transmission of mammary tumor virus from DD/Tbr strain of mice by crossing with BALB/c or C57BL/6J strains.

Presence and transmission of mammary tumor virus and leukemia virus in the BALB-cfRIII mouse.

Presence and transmission of mammary tumor virus and leukemia virus in the BALB-cfRIII mouse.

Transmission of mammary tumor virus by female GR mice: results of egg transplantation.

AbstractPronuclear eggs and blastocysts obtained from GR mice were transferred to mammary tumor virus‐free recipients. GR hybrid offspring were obtained which developed mammary tumors and transmitted virus to foster‐nursed test mice. Eggs of GR mice contain information leading to production of mammary tumor virus and development of tumors at adult age.Eggs of virus‐free mice were transplanted into GR mothers and the developing offspring subsequently delivered by Cesarean section. Intra‐uterine transmission of mammary tumor virus could not be demonstrated.Mice belonging to two different strains were foster‐nursed on GR hybrid mothers. These infected mice transmitted virus by means of their milk but not via the egg.The results are discussed and compared with observations made on transmission of leukemia viruses.