Translation In Russia Research Articles

«Дао-дэ цзин»: главный канон китайской философии в первом академическом переводе на русский язык

The Dao-de jing (The Canon of the Way-dao and Grace), or Lao-zi (The [Trea­tise] of the Master Lao / the Old Child), is the main canon of Taoism, which un­derlies its philosophy, mythology and religion, cult and psychophysical prac­tice, as well as the most original and popular work of all Chinese philosophy in the world, second only to the Bible in terms of publicity. For more than two millennia in China and neighboring countries hundreds of scientists and philoso­phers have been studying, commenting and interpreting it. For a century and a half in Europe, America, Russia, it has been consistently considered the great­est work of philosophical and religious thought in China, attracting the attention of major thinkers and cultural figures. Over the past half century, the outstanding discoveries of Chinese archaeologists have been the finds of its oldest manuscripts. However, until now, despite thousands of studies and hundreds of translations, the origin and authentic meaning of the Dao-de jing remain a mystery. This pa­per provides brief information about the current state of its study and the first academic translation in Russia, based on the textually most verified original and a scientifically based system of Russian-language equivalents for the categories and basic concepts of Chinese philosophy, as well as observing the unity of ter­minology when transmitting the same hieroglyphs used in the same sense. The most well-founded and detailed commentary text of the monument, published by China’s leading expert on classical Taoism, Professor Chen Gu-ying, is used as the original.

Языки народов России в теории и практике перевода: история, современное состояние и перспективы

The authors of the paper focus on the opportunities that translation activity opens up in the development and preservation of the languages of Russia, reviving the interest in the study and use of native languages in professional activities, including translation. The significance of translation activity as one of the most effective tools for the preservation of languages is substantiated. A concept of the periodization of the history of national translation in Russia is offered. The researchers have reviewed the literatures of the peoples of Russia and studied literary translation as a form of intercultural communication. New ideas on the formation of specific theories of translation using the languages of the peoples of Russia have been introduced. An attempt is made to provide a comprehensive definition of the term "translation with the languages of the peoples of Russia" along with the formation of a system of its basic categories. A model of specific theories of translation using the languages of the peoples of Russia is presented, and the principles of its variability are determined depending on the pairs of contacting languages. The prospects for the development of areas of translation activity using the languages of the peoples of Russia have been outlined, and a concept of translators' training with the languages of the peoples of Russia has been presented. Some aspects of the current state of translation in Tatarstan have been characterized.

Делаем книгу: особый интегральный путь обучения письменному литературному переводу на русский язык

The article describes a new strategy of teaching literary translation through translating popular best-sellers and includes a short review of the best practices in teaching literary translation in Russia, starting from the age of Peter the Great. It also covers the adaptation practice in Marshak’s editions in the USSR in XX century and introduces the list of adaptation strategies with illustrative examples. Further on the article analyzes the use of project methods in teaching literary translation and suggests the content of teaching. Within the described dynamic integrative approach young translators get practice in translation analysis of a special type, get to know the realia and the objective world necessary for a certain translation work, learn the rules of the literary genres on the basis of small literary forms, master the techniques of historic archaization when working on the XIX cent. texts, learn how to make a short historic and literary review, a glossary or a commentary on the objective realia, get the experience of working with an editor and a proof-reader. The described method teaches a translator to clearly understand their place in creating a book; it teaches not just translation skills, but the skills of social interaction as well. Further on the article describes the possible amplification of this methodology to teach literary translation from the ethnic languages of the Russian Federation into Russian and tackles a sensitive issue of saving the languages of the small indigenous peoples by making translations of their literary masterpieces into bigger languages, such as Russian. Then the article outlines a sequence of steps to engage the bilinguals-speakers of indigenous languages to translate their works into Russian, thus adding a social dimension to purely educational project.

Детское взрослое и массовая культура: к антропологии перевода одного стихотворения Дж. Р. Р. Толкина

The article examines the theory and practice of modern literary translation in Russia based on the examples of published works of translated children’s literature in foreign languages. From the point of view of the anthropology of translation, various extralinguistic factors affecting translation and publishing intentions are analyzed. An attempt is made to demonstrate how readers’ expectations define the particular age field of specific literary works, regardless of the author’s initial addressees. As an example of translation practice, clearly reflecting the peculiarities of intercultural communication, the translation of an early poem by J. R.R. Tolkien is analyzed.

Jean-Paul Sartre's theatre after communism: Perpetuating the past through non-retranslation?

O presente artigo lida com o fenômeno da não-retradução na Rússia pós-URSS, e com a prática relacionada de se reimprimir hoje em dia traduções soviéticas manipuladas. Ilustraremos este fenômeno com a tradução do teatro de Jean-Paul Sartre na Rússia. Os interesses e os mecanismos por trás da reimpressão de traduções soviéticas de Sartre na era pós-URSS serão explorados através do quadro da teoria da retradução. Também refletiremos sobre o possível impacto da reimpressão nos dias de hoje das traduções soviéticas do teatro de Sartre. Tomando a reimpressão como uma forma de não-retradução, o presente artigo prestará mais atenção à prática da reimpressão e em como se relaciona à retradução. As razões para a não-retradução serão, em parte, atribuídas à presença de uma dupla normatividade na Rússia, caracterizada, por um lado, por uma norma econômica dominante conduzindo o campo da literatura após 1991, e, por outro, por uma norma ideológica continuada (o comunismo). Isso nos mostra como, um quarto de século após sua abolição, a censura comunista continua a informar a leitura dos leitores russos contemporâneos, e assim coloca em questão o pressuposto de que a censura comunista desapareceu juntamente com a URSS.

EDÉN, BABEL, AVERNO: TRADUCIR EN LOS PRIMEROS AÑOS DE LA URSS

Iván García Sala, Universidad de Barcelona

Metaphorical Representations of the Biblical Concepts of Death and Resurrection When Translating in a Buddhist Context

This article applies Lakoff and Johnson’s cognitive metaphor theory to the key terms of death and resurrection in the Scriptures and examines the translation of these terms into languages with a traditional Buddhist culture whose worldview is different from that of the Bible. The present analysis indicates that in the conceptual system of the biblical authors, the concept of death is metaphorically described as sleep while resurrection is pictured as waking up and standing up. However, in the Buddhist worldview the concept of the resurrection is absent and the concept of death is not always metaphorically extended as sleep. This article discusses the practical possibilities and limits of the representations of these metaphorical extensions in three Buddhist-context translation projects of the Institute for Bible Translation in Russia: Buryat, Kalmyk, and Tuvan. It also offers some suggestions about searching for their possible representations in the target language.

Historical and systematical aspects of indirect translation in the de Gruyter Handbuch Übersetzung – HSK. 26.1–3: insight and impulse to further research

Indirect translation is unanimously seen as one of the largely neglected topics of translation studies. The three volumes of the de Gruyter Handbuch Übersetzung – HSK. 26.1–3 (2004–2011) – an encyclopedia still seldom consulted by translation scholars, offer considerable information on indirect translation: its role in translation history, aspects of terminological diversification, modes of indirectness. Information concerning indirect translation in Russia and the Soviet Union is especially rich. This article contains an evaluation of about 35 entries dealing with the topic.

Women-translators in Russia

The paper considers the history of women’s involvement in translation in Russia. The emphasis is laid on social issues of women translators’ work. The main problems discussed are as follows: How have women contributed to social and literary processes? To what extent were translational activities of women different and/or separate from those of men? Women participated in all major social processes in Russian and Soviet history. From the eighteenth century onwards to the present day, they have been involved in translational work and other types of social-systemic transfer (primarily from the West). Women played their role of translators in the same spheres where men did.

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary Translation in Russia: A Cultural History

Literary translation in Russia: a cultural history

In this rich historical study, Maurice Friedberg recounts the impact of translation on the Russian literary process. In tracing the explosion of literary translation in nineteenth-century Russia, Friedberg determines that it introduced new issues of cultural, aesthetic, and political values. Beginning with Pushkin in the early nineteenth century, Friedberg traces the history of translation throughout the lives of Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, and, more recently, Pasternak. His analysis includes two translators who became Russia's leading literary figures: Zhukovsky, whose renditions of German poetry became famous, and Vvedensky, who introduced Charles Dickens to Russia. In the twentieth century, Friedberg points to Pasternak's Faust to show how apolitical authors welcomed free translation, which offered them an alternative to the original writing from which they had been banned by Soviet authorities. By introducing Western literary works, Russian translators provided new models for Russian literature. Friedberg discusses the usual battles fought between partisans of literalism and of free translation, the influence of Stalinist Soviet government on literary translation, and the political implications of aesthetic clashes. He also considers the impetus of translated Western fiction, poetry, and drama as remaining links to Western civilization during the decades of Russia's isolation from the West. Friedberg argues that literary translation had a profound effect on Russia by helping to erode the Soviet Union's isolation, which ultimately came to an end with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Two Worlds, One Art: Literary Translation in Russia and America

Two Worlds, One Art: Literary Translation in Russia and America

Two Worlds, One Art: Literary Translation in Russia and America

Two Worlds, One Art: Literary Translation in Russia and America

Two worlds, one art: literary translation in Russia and America

Two worlds, one art: literary translation in Russia and America

Status tłumacza i normy przekładu tekstów specjalistycznych w Rosji

The status of the translator and norms in specialized translation in Russia (on the basis of Recommendations for translators, clients and editors of written translations)
 In the article the author describes the situation of specialized translators in Russia and analyzes Russian prescriptive document called Recommendations for translators, clients and editors of written translation, taking into consideration up-to-date translation theory and referring to Polish documents establishing norms of specialized translation.