Translation Adaptation Research Articles

Translation of Earthliness: An Exploration of Translation Dislocation of Folk Language in Chin P'ing Mei in Late Ming Dynasty within the Framework of Aesthetic Reception

As the first full-lenght satiric novel, Jin Ping Mei (Chin P'ing Mei), written by Lanling Xiaoxiao Sheng at the end of the Ming Dynasty, elaborates the social and worldly affairs comprehensively through vivid language and skillful usage of literary devices. Due to the richness of the folk language for the language forms, and the differences and great colloquial and regional characteristics to the Western readers in the geographical and time facets, for the purpose of reception in the target culture, the translator gives adjustment or modification to folk languages forms like dialect, slang, idiom, and proverbs, etc., which engenders certain translation dislocation to some extent. Through qualitative and comparative analyses, this paper aims to offer a preliminary exploration of the basic paradigm, causes, and construction process of the translation dislocation of the folk language in those two English translation versions of Jin Ping Mei from the four dimensions of readers' expectation horizons, aesthetic distance, integration of horizons, and the construction of respond-inviting structures under the perspective of aesthetic reception theory, so as to provide an avenue for English readers to delve into the peculiar translation dislocation of the folk language in the translation of Chinese classical works.

Translations of Polish Poetry and Translational Action: Anthology, Tandem, Interlinear Version

This article looks at tandem translation and interlinear translation as methods of translating that have become established in poetry translation in the 21st century, at least in the translation of Polish poetry into German. In any case, anthologies remain an important form of publication of Polish poetry in Germany. However, while translation anthologies were mainly published in the 20th century, the bilingual anthology now dominates and emphasises the equivalence of original and translation as well as that of author and translator.

Publishing poetry in translation in Slovakia 2013–2023

Publishing poetry in translation in Slovakia 2013–2023

A RELEVANCE-THEORETIC ASSESSMENT OF ARABIC TRANSLATION QUALITY OF SELECTED SHAKESPEAR'S HAMLET'S RIDDLES

Translating riddles may be regarded as a problem that encounters a translator, especially in a literary text; then, the quality of the translation may hinder the reader’s comprehension of the target text. The problem arises when the target text lacks a humorous effect on readers, hence it is less relevant to the target language. Therefore, this descriptive qualitative study aimed to assess the translation quality of riddles from English into Arabic from a relevance-theoretic perspective. According to relevance theory, translation quality is determined by searching for and achieving the optimal relevance between the target and the source text. Thus, the translation of riddles is considered a process for reaching optimal relevance of humour in the riddles between the source text and the target audience. To this end, five sample riddles were selected from Shakespeare's Hamlet and two versions of Arabic translations of this play, Jabra Ibrahim Jabra and Khalil Mutran. The findings showed Jabra’s translation achieves a more powerful communicative effect with less cognitive effort than Mutran's, meaning that it is more effective in maintaining explicit and implicit content. Mutran’s translation, though creative, is less effective in understanding the meaning of the target text as the reader exerts more cognitive effort with less communicative effect. This means that trying to fit one's target language conventions to the source language conventions would decrease the relevance of the source text to the target one and would not maintain the explicit and implicit content of the source text.

Assessing the Translation of Direct Speech in “Wuthering Heights” into Arabic

The present study tackles the translation of direct speech forms in Bronte’s novel "Wuthering Heights" into Arabic. The significance of this study stems from the fact that English direct speech forms in literary texts might pose substantial challenges when translated into Arabic due to their semantic connotations and structural peculiarities. The study aims at assessing the translation of English direct speech forms in "Wuthering Heights" novel into Arabic. It also aims at investigating the problems that may arise during the translation of direct speech forms in this novel into Arabic. Wuthering Heights is Emily Bronte’s unique novel. It is a story of love and revenge, this exciting and vivid novel depicts a deep and devastating love between its two main characters, the stubborn, charming Catherine and the handsome, dark-skinned, impulsive Heathcliff, both of whom are as wild as the Yorkshire moors where the novel takes place The study hypothesizes that translating direct speech in literary texts poses serious difficulties for the translators. To test the validity of the hypothesis, the study includes a practical chapter which tackles the translation of (25) excerpts that have been chosen from Wuthering Heights novel along with four Arabic translation versions. The Arabic renderings are those of the Arabic Cultural Centre (2016), Rifaat Naseem (1975), Helmi Murad (2003) and Hanna Saeed (2021). The analysis is implemented according to the model proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet (1958) which tackles the different kinds of translation approaches and strategies available for the translator when handling the task of translating various kinds of texts. The study concludes that novice and unskilled translators might encounter serious difficulties and challenges in translating direct speech expressions due to the multiple meanings and connotations inherent in such expressions. It also concludes that context plays a vital role in defining the most appropriate rendering for the SL text.

The Retention of Metaphorical Imagery in Translations of Pasternak's Works into Kazakh and English

In this research the retention of metaphorical content in translations of Boris Pasternak's poems into Kazakh and English was examined, highlighting the complexity of transferring metaphors and the need for further analysis. It evaluates how well metaphorical content is preserved in these translations, noting that despite ef-forts, complete conveyance of metaphorical imagery is often challenging. The methodology involves a com-parative analysis of the original text and its translated version to assess the preservation of metaphors. While some metaphors in Pasternak's works can be effectively conveyed in Kazakh and English, challenges arise when dealing with national-specific metaphors. This study contributes significantly to literary studies, com-parative linguistics, and translation theory, particularly in poetry translation, enhancing understanding of the complexities involved in conveying metaphors in literary works.

Abstract B078: Tailoring human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine outreach for rural and Hispanic communities in Washington state: A modified Boot Camp Translation approach

Abstract Introductory sentences indicating the purposes of the study: Using a modified version of Boot Camp Translation (BCT), a validated community participatory approach, we co-created locally relevant and culturally appropriate human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination materials and messages for parents and caregivers of HPV vaccine-eligible children in Washington state. Brief description of pertinent experimental procedures: The HPV vaccine, recommended for children starting at age 9, reduces the risk of HPV infection and HPV-related cancers. However, HPV vaccine rates are significantly lower in rural regions compared to urban areas. In partnership with Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, the Huntsman Cancer Institute, and Sea Mar Community Health Centers, a large federally qualified health center in Washington state, we used a modified BCT approach to elicit input from parents and caregivers of HPV-vaccine eligible children to develop materials and messages that motivate parents to vaccinate their children. Eligible participants were parents or caregivers of children between the ages of 9-15 who had at least one vaccination, spoke English or Spanish, and were able to participate in the entire BCT process. Two BCT sessions were conducted (one in English and one in Spanish), both consisting of three meetings over a four-month period. The sessions included a five-hour in-person meeting in Aberdeen, Washington (English) and Bellingham, Washington (Spanish), and two one-hour follow-up virtual calls for each language. The in-person meetings included HPV vaccine education by Sea Mar providers and an expert in HPV research, discussions on HPV knowledge, perceptions, and barriers to vaccination, and small group discussions to generate HPV messages and materials. The follow-up calls gathered feedback on drafted materials and messages. Summary of the new unpublished data: Eight parents or caregivers participated in the English session and nine participated in the Spanish session. Key themes identified to incorporate in messages and materials included: stressing the benefits of vaccination, highlighting research on the vaccine’s safety and efficacy, including statistics and images of both girls and boys, reporting local statistics, spelling out HPV in materials, and emphasizing the words “prevent” and “protection” from cancers/infections later in a child’s life. The preferred materials and dissemination methods included: fact sheets and brochures (available in the clinic, mailed home, or in school nurses’ offices), posters (displayed in the clinic lobby and exam rooms), and animated videos (played on the clinic lobby TV and texted to parents’ phones). Participants also requested live phone calls from Sea Mar to discuss the importance of the vaccine and assist with vaccine scheduling. Final materials will be showcased.Statement of conclusions: We used a modified BCT approach to incorporate participant feedback to develop HPV vaccine messages and materials and identified preferred dissemination channels for rural communities in Washington state. Citation Format: Priyanka Gautom, Jamie H. Thompson, Jennifer S. Rivelli, Ludy Villegas, Anna C. Edelmann, Katherine Vaughn, Becca Slagle, Stephen Gubler, Kaila Christini, Amanda F. Petrik, Gloria D. Coronado, Deanna Kepka. Tailoring human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine outreach for rural and Hispanic communities in Washington state: A modified Boot Camp Translation approach [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B078.

Abstract B091: Listen, Empower, Co-Create: Conducting listening sessions to create tailored messages about colorectal health for American Indian communities

Abstract Background We conducted Listening Sessions using a modified version of boot camp translation (BCT), a validated community engaged approach, to engage American Indian community members in the Great Plains and the Pacific Northwest to develop culturally and locally relevant colorectal cancer (CRC) screening messages and materials. Methods CRC is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the US and disproportionally affects American Indian adults. Routine CRC screening leads to earlier diagnosis and prolonged survival from the disease. In partnership with Great Plains Tribal Leaders Health Board (GPTLHB), South Puget Intertribal Planning Agency (SPIPA), and National Association of Chronic Disease Directors, we used a modified BCT approach to obtain feedback from tribal communities to create CRC screening messages and materials. To make the BCT process more meaningful for our partner communities, we reframed the BCT sessions by referring to them as Listening Sessions. The Listening Session engagement process was designed to help community leaders and champions learn about local barriers and gaps in care (listen), share health information in a collaborative way (empower), and develop messages and materials that resonate with and motivate community members to take control of their health (co-create). Eligible tribal community members from GPTLHB and SPIPA were between the ages of 45-75 and able to participate in three Listening Session meetings (one five-hour in-person meeting including expert presentations, brainstorming opportunities, and interactive small group sessions, and two follow-up virtual sessions (one-hour each) to refine messages and materials). Results Common Themes. Both groups emphasized the importance of using a multigenerational approach by including grandchildren and Elders in the messages and materials. Additionally, they highlighted the need for materials to be relatable and culturally relevant by incorporating local cultural imagery and traditions and multigenerational family support .Differing Themes. The GPTLHB findings focused specifically on including Lakota words to reinforce cultural identity, using visuals for colon health education, and incorporating details about healing traditions. The SPIPA findings recommended highlighting intertribal milestones like the canoe journey and incorporating water as a symbol of spiritual healing. Materials and Dissemination Methods. Preferred materials and channels for dissemination were: 1) fact sheets, posters, and visual stories to be distributed in-clinic or at community events, 2) animated videos for CRC screening education to be shown in clinic, 3) live action videos with community member CRC stories to be shown in clinic. Final materials will be available here: www.KPCHR-engage.org Conclusion We conducted Listening Sessions to incorporate participant feedback to develop CRC screening messages and materials and identified preferred dissemination channels for tribal communities in the Great Plains and Pacific Northwest. Citation Format: Jamie Thompson, Jennifer Rivelli, Priyanka Gautom, LaToya Brave Heart, Jamie Nikander, Lorrie Graaf, Gloria Coronado. Listen, Empower, Co-Create: Conducting listening sessions to create tailored messages about colorectal health for American Indian communities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B091.

Contemporary Chinese poetry in English translation: an interview with Nick Admussen

ABSTRACT Nick Admussen is an associate professor of Chinese literature at Asian Studies Department, Cornell University, where his research and translation focus on contemporary Chinese poetry. He is an acclaimed poetry scholar and translator as well as a prolific essayist and poet. In this interview, which took place via email in April – May 2024, Admussen reviews his career path and shares his observations about the study, translation and reception of contemporary Chinese poetry in the West. The conversation focuses on such intriguing topics as Lu Xun’s prose poem collection Yecao野草in English translation, the translating, publishing, and reception of Floral Mutter: Selected Poetry of Ya Shi, Admussen’s theorization about translating contemporary Chinese poetry into English, and the status quo of this Chinese genre in English translation. Informative, insightful, and sometimes inquisitive, it should be of much interest to those pursuing Chinese literature studies and literary translation studies.

Translation Strategies Selection in the Perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism: A Case Study of the Chinese Translation of The Joy Luck Club

The Joy Luck Club, written by the American-born Chinese author Amy Tan, is her breakout novel that garnered attention from both general readers and scholars upon its publication. In terms of Chinese translation, there have been seven versions so far, and various scholars have used multiple theories to compare and analyze the translations of different translators. However, studies that analyze the translation strategies of the earliest translation version (translated by Cheng Naishan) and the latest translation version (translated by Li Jun and Zhang Li) from the perspective of translator behavior criticism are rare. This paper finds that Cheng Naishan tends to use domestication strategies, while Li Jun and Zhang Li adopt a combination of foreignization and domestication strategies in their translation. This is reflected in their actual actions within the "truth-seeking-pragmatism" translator behavior continuum. Li Jun and Zhang Li's translator behavior is higher in both truth-seeking and pragmatism than Cheng Naishan's, showing greater rationality.

The Comments on Ezra Pound

As one of the representatives of Western literary theories, Ezra Pound not only made outstanding contributions to the development of the Western translation theory, but also promoted the communication between Chinese and Western poetics. His translation practice is rich and far-reaching. He also proposes the creative translation method. For example, Pound’s translation of ancient Chinese poetry can show remarkable creativity. Therefore, after sorting out relevant materials, this paper gives a brief introduction to him, his translation theories and translation practices, and also concludes his translation thoughts and his immense influence on the translation field, aiming to provide case references for translators to study and enrich their understanding of the representative figures of the Western literary theory.

Faithfulness Fails to Fix it All: A Corpus-Driven Investigation into English Translation Issues in Abstracts of Chinese Civil Engineering Research Articles

The primary concern in translating research article abstracts into English is to ensure accuracy and efficiency. This study established two corpora: CCEJAC (Chinese Civil Engineering Journal Abstract Corpus) and ICEJAC (International Civil Engineering Journal Abstract Corpus). The paper applied Hyland’s five-move model and established ten sub-corpora for comparative studies of equivalent moves in CCEJAC and ICEJAC. It was observed that CCEJAC and ICEJAC differ in both lexical and syntactic levels. Specifically, differences were found in the use of general academic vocabulary and bundles, as well as in sentence length and focus. It can be concluded that translation versions in CCEJAC prioritize preserving the literal meaning and the original sentence structures, which may end in undesirable outcomes. These contrasts are the main factors contributing to English translation issues. To address these, this study thoroughly investigated the English translation issues in each move in CCEJAC. The aim is to refine English versions of abstracts to be more concise and practical, in a bid to further facilitate academic communication between Chinese and international scholars in the field of civil engineering.

Translation selection and the consecration of Dylan Thomas’s poetry in China

Abstract Dylan Thomas’s poetry can be seen both as minor Welsh literature and world literature. Drawing on Bourdieu’s concepts of field and capital, this article explores the mechanism of translation selection and consecration of Thomas’s poetry in China by using his poetry published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press as an illustrative case study. In so doing, it is argued that the integrated forms of linguistic, economic, and symbolic capital associated with Thomas’s poetry, along with the expiration of its copyright, prompted the publisher to select his poetry for translation to maintain its own dominant position in the Chinese publishing field. The publisher, translator, and other agents have consecrated Thomas’s poetry as world literature in China. This article expands research on inter-peripheral translation flows and ‘sociologies of poetry translation’ and advances interdisciplinary studies of translation and world literature.

Pilot Testing and Vernacular Translation of EORTC Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PATSAT-C33 and OUT-PATSAT7) at a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in India

Purpose Pilot testing and translation of the English version of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) patient satisfaction cancer core questionnaire (PATSAT-C33) and complementary outpatient module (OUT-PATSAT7) into two Indian vernacular languages (Hindi and Marathi). Methods Patients undergoing fractionated radiotherapy for cancer with basic proficiency in respective language were included in the study after written informed consent. The English version of EORTC PATSAT-C33 and OUT-PATSAT7 questionnaire was pilot tested in 20 patients. The questionnaire was then translated into two Indian vernacular languages (Hindi and Marathi) using EORTC translation methodology. This included forward-translation by two independent professional translators into target languages (Hindi and Marathi) to create an intermediate version; back-translation into English by another independent pair of linguistic experts; and harmonization by comparing back-translated versions (English) to the original English version for reconciliation. The EORTC translation group provided suggestions and proofread the reconciliated versions (Hindi and Marathi) which were then administered to 20 patients in each language. Semistructured interviews were conducted for patients to identify problems in understanding the translation versions to make appropriate corrections/modifications to the questionnaire. Results Pilot testing of English version of PATSAT-C33 and OUT-PATSAT7 did not pose any major difficulty leading to subsequent translation into both target languages (Hindi and Marathi). Reconciliated version of the translated questionnaires was arrived at after incorporating suggestions and proofreading by the EORTC translation group. Pilot testing of the reconciliated questionnaires (Hindi and Marathi) did not identify major problems in understanding, difficult/confusing words, or upsetting questions leading to the adoption of the reconciliated version as final translated questionnaire without further modifications. Conclusion The English version of PATSAT-C33 and OUT-PATSAT7 has been successfully translated into Hindi and Marathi languages using standardized EORTC methodology. Psychometric properties of the same are currently being tested for validation in a larger Indian cohort.

Strategies and Nuances in English-Chinese Poetry Translation: A Decadal Review

Strategies and Nuances in English-Chinese Poetry Translation: A Decadal Review

Виклики перекладу: адекватність чи інтерпретація (на матеріалі українських перекладів поетичних творів Адама Міцкевича)

The article highlights special features in Ukrainian translations of the poetic legacy of the outstanding Polish poet Adam Mitskevich using as examples some of his odes, poems, and lyric verses in aspects of their sense, expressive, lexical and stylistic interpretation, as the role of translations in the process of safekeeping and multiplying the world cultural legacy is especially important. While adhering to national traditions, Ukrainian translators enrich the treasury of Ukrainian literature, enabling the exchange of cultural values between countries and nations. Ukrainian translations of Adam Mitskevich's poetry are researched by multiple linguists and literary experts, in particular, by I. Franko, M. Vaskiv, V. Gumenuk, L. Markuliak, L. Pshcholovska, M. Strikha, and so on. This research is focused on the review of challenges appearing in the process of Adam Mitskevich's poetry translation, both typical and specific, intrinsic solely to the poems of this famous Polish poet. The paper contains an analysis of pieces of Adam Mickiewicz's works translated by Oleksandr Navrotsky, Myhailo Starytsky, and Mykola Lukash. It also defines the effect of Adam Adam Mickiewicz's poetry on different generations of Ukrainian readers. The article also reviews some of the translational methods and peculiarities of their usage by different translators, in particular of author’s style reproduction, symbols usage, outdated words usage and also appropriate usage of dialectal, and special vocabulary in Polish and Ukrainian, etc. The article defines features, ignoring which results in distortion of senses, and measures the level of translator’s creativity, allowed while working with poetical texts. The author concludes that the Ukrainian treasury of the translated poetic legacy of Adam Mitskevich is rich, but would benefit from new translations of poems both already translated and well-known to readers and new ones that have not found their Ukrainian bards yet.

КӨРКӨМ КОТОРМОДО САНАРИПТИК ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАРДЫ КОЛДОНУУ

In today's world, digital technologies play a key role in the field of translation, especially in a formal business context. However, their use in the translation of fiction remains less common. This article explores the possibilities of using digital methods in pre-translation activities and evaluates their effectiveness in the context of translating literary works. Special attention is paid to the issues of introducing digital technologies into the work of a translator of literary texts and their potential application in teaching. Using the example of the translation of Kyrgyz poetry, the problems arising from the use of digital means, including machine translation, are considered. This article offers an analysis of the possibilities and limitations of digital technologies in the context of translating literary texts in order to improve the quality and speed of translation. Digital technologies are actively being introduced into the work of a translator, especially in such areas as written translation in official business discourse. Digital technologies are used less often in the translation of fiction, but such techniques allow for pre-translation activities. In other words, it provides a literal translation of the text and helps to find the literal meaning of each word in the dictionary. However, some digital methods can be successfully used in the translation of literary works.

Translating Ukrainian Poetry into Estonian: Acts of Identity

The reaction of Ukrainian poets to the full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine in February 2022 has been remarkable and was noticed all over the world. Understandably, interest towards Ukraine increased, and translation of Ukrainian poetry is one of the ways to learn and to share Ukrainian culture. Estonian is a small language, not at all related to Ukrainian, and until recently, the general public knew little about Ukrainian literature; nevertheless, the reaction of Estonian translators was immediate. Given the shared experience of the Russian/Soviet domination, this is not surprising. The study seeks to explore translators’ motives and their history of discovering Ukrainian poetry and language. The theoretical framework employed in the article is that of Translator Studies, that is, the focus is on the translator’s trajectories (why and how they turn to a particular literature/author, why and how they learn the necessary language, their beliefs, ethos, personal development, etc.). A connection between Translator Studies and sociolinguistic disciplines such as language biographies, multilingualism and (personal) language policy is discussed. The data comes from interviews with three translators of Ukrainian poetry into Estonian, Igor Kotjuh, Maarja Kangro and Irena Peterson-Pavljuk who are poets themselves. Their ethnolinguistic background, language biographies and paths of becoming translators from Ukrainian into Estonian differ, but all three emphasise their dedication to Ukrainian poets.

A Comparative Analysis of Ivanhoe and the Translation

Walter Scott (1771-1832), a great English novelist in the 19th century. His historical novel Ivanhoe tells the story of England’s struggle for the throne and romantic adventure in the end of the 12th century. This paper will take the co-translated version of Ivanhoe by Zhang Yi and Mr. Liu Zunqi as the research object, and analyze the translation methods embodied in the translation version. It will focus on how the translator deals with the original text. This paper will first introduce the main situation of the original work and the author of Ivanhoe. Secondly, from the perspective of vocabulary, narrative and rhetoric, through a large number of typical examples in the original text and translation, this paper will compare the version of Zhang Yi and Liu Zunqi with the original text, analyzing the specific processing methods and techniques of the translation. This kind of research is conducive to further deepen the readers’ understanding of the application of specific strategies and methods in the process of translation of Liu and Zhang’s translation, to further promote the public’s understanding and research of Ivanhoe.

Preserving ecological balance in the English translation of classical Chinese poetry: an eco-translatology approach

Preserving ecological balance in the English translation of classical Chinese poetry: an eco-translatology approach