Transient Stress Research Articles

Efficient fabrication of flame-retarding silicone rubber/hydroxylated boron nitride nanocomposites based on volumetric extensional rheology

Silicone rubber (SR) is one of the most widely used synthetic rubbers owing to its excellent high-temperature resistance and outstanding high-voltage insulation. However, the flammability of SR severely restricts its further promotion and application in fields with high flame-retardancy requirements. In this study, an effective mixing process strategy was proposed for preparing flame-retarding SR/hydroxylated boron nitride (HOBN) nanocomposites using a novel eccentric rotor internal mixer, which could strengthen the hydrogen bond between SR and HOBN through transient normal stress based on volumetric extensional rheology. The strengthening effect of transient normal stress on hydrogen bonds can effectively promote the uniform dispersion, efficient exfoliation, and horizontal orientation of HOBN in the SR matrix. The layer thickness of HOBN was reduced from 200 to 6 nm, and its orientation degree I002/I100 increased from 25 to 112. As expected, the SR/HOBN nanocomposite exhibited excellent flame retardancy with a drastic decrease of 76.4%, 36.0%, 81.7%, and 55.3% in the values of the peak heat release rate, total heat release, smoke production rate, and total smoke production, respectively, compared to neat SR. The flame-retardant mechanism revealed that the physical barrier action of HOBN and the cross-linking reaction between SR and HOBN during combustion showed prominent synergism in the ceramization of the condensed phase to form a compact and adamant protective char layer, thus significantly improving the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of SR. This study provides an efficient and innovative mixing method for the preparation of flame-retardant polymers and will facilitate the development of high-performance rubber processing technology and equipment.

First failure load of sandwich beams under transient loading using a space–time coupled finite element method

We numerically analyze transient plane stress deformations of linearly elastic laminates and sandwich structures by using a coupled space–time finite element method with the weak form of governing equations derived by the least-squares method. The governing equations are written as seven first-order partial differential equations as in the state space formulation, and each variable is approximated by using piece-wise continuous basis functions. The sum of the integral over the problem (space-time) domain of squares of residuals of the governing equations, and initial and boundary conditions is minimized with respect to the nodal values of the seven variables to deduce coupled linear algebraic equations. The developed software is verified by comparing computed results for sample problems with their either analytical or numerical solutions obtained with a commercial software, ABAQUS. Using statistical method and the Tsai–Wu failure criterion, sensitivities of the maximum deflection and the first failure load to beam’s aspect ratio (AR), the facesheet-core thickness ratio (FCTR), and the facesheet-core in-plane and transverse stiffness ratios (FCISR, FCTSR) are elucidated. For sandwich beams with equal FCISR and FCTSR, the results are sensitive to the AR and the FCTR. In general, they strongly depend upon the FCTSR and its interaction with the AR and the FCTR.

Fatigue Strength Analysis of a Prototype Francis Turbine in a Multilevel Lifetime Assessment Procedure Part II: Method Application and Numerical Investigation

Part I of the publication series addressed the fundamentals of lifetime assessment of prototype Francis turbines. This paper (Part II) focuses on the numerical part of the procedure. The essential steps and requirements shall be presented (background). The starting points for the numerical considerations are the pressure fields of the transient CFD simulations, which are exported per time step and applied to the existing structure via a fluid–structure interaction. That enables a transient mechanical stress calculation to be conducted, resulting in the fatigue analysis of the component to estimate the remaining lifetime. The individual model requirements should be represented accordingly and applied to the prototype facility (method). The results obtained from this application should be discussed and evaluated. It has to be mentioned that the validation of the numerical results will be performed at Part IV of this publication series (results). The present paper will end up discussing the results and conclusions about further data processing (Conclusion).

Quantitative Trait Loci for Heat Stress Tolerance in Brassica rapa L. Are Distributed across the Genome and Occur in Diverse Genetic Groups, Flowering Phenologies and Morphotypes.

Heat stress events during flowering in Brassica crops reduce grain yield and are expected to increase in frequency due to global climate change. We evaluated heat stress tolerance and molecular genetic diversity in a global collection of Brassica rapa accessions, including leafy, rooty and oilseed morphotypes with spring, winter and semi-winter flowering phenology. Tolerance to transient daily heat stress during the early reproductive stage was assessed on 142 lines in a controlled environment. Well-watered plants of each genotype were exposed to the control (25/15 °C day/night temperatures) or heat stress (35/25 °C) treatments for 7 d from the first open flower on the main stem. Bud and leaf temperature depression, leaf conductance and chlorophyll content index were recorded during the temperature treatments. A large genetic variation for heat tolerance and sensitivity was found for above-ground biomass, whole plant seed yield and harvest index and seed yield of five pods on the main stem at maturity. Genetic diversity was assessed on 212 lines with 1602 polymorphic SNP markers with a known location in the B. rapa physical map. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed two major genetic populations: one from East and South Asia and one from Europe. Heat stress-tolerant lines were distributed across diverse geographic origins, morphotypes (leafy, rooty and oilseed) and flowering phenologies (spring, winter and semi-winter types). A genome-wide association analysis of heat stress-related yield traits revealed 57 SNPs distributed across all 10 B. rapa chromosomes, some of which were associated with potential candidate genes for heat stress tolerance.

Dual effects of the tryptophan-derived bacterial metabolite indole on colonic epithelial cell metabolism and physiology: comparison with its co-metabolite indoxyl sulfate.

Indole, which is produced by the intestinal microbiota from L-tryptophan, is recovered at millimolar concentrations in the human feces. Indoxyl sulfate (IS), the main indole co-metabolite, can be synthesized by the host tissues. Although indole has been shown to restore intestinal barrier function in experimental colitis, little is known on the effects of indole and IS on colonic epithelial cell metabolism and physiology. In this study, we compared the effects of indole and IS on the human colonic epithelial HT-29 Glc-/+ and Caco-2 cell lines, exposed to these compounds for 1-48h. Indole, but not IS, was cytotoxic at 5mM, altering markedly colonocyte proliferation. Both molecules, used up to 2.5mM, induced a transient oxidative stress in colonocytes, that was detected after 1h, but not after 48h exposure. This was associated with the induction after 24h of the expression of glutathione reductase, heme oxygenase, and cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1. Indole and IS used at 2.5mM impaired colonocyte respiration by diminishing mitochondrial oxygen consumption and maximal respiratory capacity. Indole, but not IS, displayed a slight genotoxic effect on colonocytes. Indole, but not IS, increased transepithelial resistance in colonocyte monolayers. Indole and IS used at 2.5mM, induced a secretion of the pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 after 3h incubation, and an increase of tumor necrosis factor-α secretion after 48h. Although our results suggest beneficial effect of indole on epithelial integrity, overall they indicate that indole and IS share adverse effects on colonocyte respiration and production of reactive oxygen species, in association with the induction of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system. This latter process can be viewed as an adaptive response toward oxidative stress. Both compounds increased the production of inflammatory cytokines from colonocytes. However, only indole, but not IS, affected DNA integrity in colonocytes. Since colonocytes little convert indole to IS, the deleterious effects of indole on colonocytes appear to be unrelated to its conversion to IS.

The 2018 European heatwave led to stem dehydration but not to consistent growth reductions in forests

Heatwaves exert disproportionately strong and sometimes irreversible impacts on forest ecosystems. These impacts remain poorly understood at the tree and species level and across large spatial scales. Here, we investigate the effects of the record-breaking 2018 European heatwave on tree growth and tree water status using a collection of high-temporal resolution dendrometer data from 21 species across 53 sites. Relative to the two preceding years, annual stem growth was not consistently reduced by the 2018 heatwave but stems experienced twice the temporary shrinkage due to depletion of water reserves. Conifer species were less capable of rehydrating overnight than broadleaves across gradients of soil and atmospheric drought, suggesting less resilience toward transient stress. In particular, Norway spruce and Scots pine experienced extensive stem dehydration. Our high-resolution dendrometer network was suitable to disentangle the effects of a severe heatwave on tree growth and desiccation at large-spatial scales in situ, and provided insights on which species may be more vulnerable to climate extremes.

Structural analysis of a swinging fairground attraction using a novel implementation of reduced order modeling in multibody dynamics

This research presents a novel method to determine transient stresses in a fairground attraction by combining the strengths of Ansys’ finite element models, model order reduction and Simscape Multibody. Currently, most fairground attractions are designed using quasi-static structural analyses. This study shows that this commonly used method can overestimate the stresses greatly in highly dynamic structures. Also, dynamic effects like vibrations within the structure are not considered, possibly resulting in underestimates of the stresses. This method is therefore sub-optimal to assess the safety of structures like fairground attractions. On the other hand, full transient structural analyses are computationally expensive to run. The method outlined in this paper obtains a similar accuracy compared to a full transient study, but by using only a fraction of the computational time. This also enables the model to be used in real time applications of determining the dynamic behavior of structures. Furthermore, as this model is built up within Simulink, the powerful tools within the electrical and control domain provided by Simulink are easy to apply on this structural model. A fairground attraction is used as a practical scenario to apply this method on. The paper concludes by extensively comparing the results of the new method with the quasi-static structural analysis, full transient structural analysis, noting the benefits and shortcomings for each method on different structures. Also, a comparison with real-live obtained data will be made.

Impact of environmental stress on biochemical profile and fitness traits in Drosophila malerkotliana

In natural condition, climatic changes affect the internal state of an organism. Effect of different environmental conditions on energy metabolites level can reveal the survival and fitness of organisms. In ectothermic insects, temperature plays a crucial role in influencing a number of fitness traits like duration of life cycle, survival, longevity and reproductive efficiency. Changes in temperature may lead to alteration in the levels of different biochemical profiles like body lipid, protein and glucose, as a measure to cope up with the changed environmental conditions. In the present study, mass culture stock of fruit fly, Drosophila malerkotliana, collected from Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh was examined for the effect of temperature on the body lipid (triglyceride), protein and reproductive ability, particularly, fertility and productivity in this species. The experimental results have indicated that transient thermal stress caused a significant effect on body triglyceride and protein content on age-dependent manner. Fitness traits, i.e., fertility and productivity were observed to be severely influenced by fluctuating temperature in the young as well as old age flies. Therefore, transient temperature stress leaves its distinct impact on the biochemical profile, fertility and productivity in D. malerkotliana.

An experimental and finite element simulation study of moisture absorption in an ordered PVAF-reinforced thermoplastic starch composite film

A two-dimensional (2D) model was established by the finite element method to study the transient hygroscopic process and moisture-induced stress to better understand the moisture absorption microscopic process of ordered polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVAF)-reinforced thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite films and the corresponding moisture-induced stress. The Mises stress contour of moisture distribution at five time points (36, 68, 100, 176, and 348 h) under four relative humidities (RH=57%, 75%, 84%, 98%) is demonstrated. The variation in moisture content along the two paths of width (AB) and thickness (CD) in the 2D model and the moisture-induced stress were also studied in detail. The results show that when the time t is 348 h, the saturated moisture contents along CD are 5.27, 17.22, 30.58, and 59.14%, and along AB are 5.27, 17.19, 30.57, and 59.07%. In addition, the change in moisture content, regardless of whether the path was AB or CD, mainly occurred before 176 h. The simulation results of moisture absorption are in good agreement with the experimental results. The ultimate moisture-induced stress is the largest in the fiber surroundings, which are 0.398, 1.30, 2.31, and 4.48 MPa at four RHs, respectively, and the internal moisture stress of 4.48 MPa was within the tensile strength (2–6 MPa) of PVAF/TPS (PVAF <0.89 vt%), which resulted in composite film failure. This paper provides a new way to understand the moisture absorption mechanism and explore possible methods for improving the water-resistance of TPS films.

Водорастворимое производное фуллерена С70 как регулятор уровня активных форм кислорода в культивируемых клетках человека

Fullerene derivatives of C60 and C70 are being investigated as potential tools for drug delivery to the body. Additionally, these compounds have the ability to effectively bind reactive oxygen species (ROS) in solutions and can be used as radioprotectors and antioxidants. However, a study of water-soluble C60 fullerene previously showed that this compound is able not only to block ROS, but also to induce secondary oxidative stress associated with cell response to a significant decrease in ROS levels. In order to further analyse the response of human cells to the presence of fullerene in the medium, we investigated the effect of a water-soluble C70 fullerene derivative on cultured human skin fibroblasts. С70 fullerene in a non-toxic concentration causes transient oxidative stress, which manifested itself in a short-term increase in the cellular DNA oxidation level. Stress occurs 3 hours after fullerene-induced decrease in the antioxidant response gene NRF2 activity and an increase in the activity of the NOX4 gene, which encodes an enzyme catalysing hydrogen peroxide synthesis. 24 hours later, the level of DNA oxidation decreases to the control values. It is suggested that fullerenes can be used not only as antioxidants, but also as potential inducers of an adaptive response that increases cell survival under negative environmental influences.

Transient deformation and long-term tectonic activity in the Eastern Alps recorded by mylonitic pegmatites

Mylonitic pegmatites from the Austroalpine basement north of the Deferregen-Antholz-Vals shear zone (DAV) in the Eastern Alps record episodic deformation at greenschist facies conditions after the Eoalpine tectonometamorphic event and before uplift in the Oligocene. Fluorapatite-allanite-epidote coronae around monazite formed at about 60 Ma. They postdate a main mylonitic foliation and predate a second shear band foliation. Deformation of quartz is controlled by crystallographic orientation: Dislocation glide in favourable orientation forms elongate high-aspect-ratio grains. Localised recrystallisation takes place at sites of increased dislocation densities in less favourable oriented quartz and distributed microcracking in unfavourable orientation. Distributed microcracking of quartz occurred quasi-instantaneously coeval with cataclastic deformation of garnet and tourmaline, indicating transient high stresses. During subsequently decreasing stresses, small isometric quartz grains precipitate within the shear band boundaries from the pore fluid, probably derived from recrystallisation of fluid-rich quartz porphyroclasts. Cataclasites with mylonitic components record a coeval or subsequent stage of transient deformation, reflecting the main activity of the DAV with uplift from greenschist facies conditions. The mylonitic pegmatites record systematically changing deformation mechanisms during episodic deformation at greenschist facies conditions dominantly governed by changing stresses and strain-rates, as opposed to changing temperatures.

Recurrent oxidant treatment induces dysregulation in the brain transcriptome of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts

Peracetic acid (PAA) is an organic peroxide that produces free radicals, which contribute to its potent disinfection power. At therapeutic doses, PAA is considered a mild stressor that can trigger transient local and systemic oxidative stress in fish, but the resulting consequences in the brain have yet to be identified. Therefore, we report the brain transcriptome of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts that have been periodically exposed to PAA. Fish were treated three times (every 15 days) with PAA with either short (15 min) or long (30 min) exposure periods. After the third treatment, the whole brain was collected and subjected to biochemical and transcriptomic analyses. The level of reactive oxygen species in the brain was not significantly affected by recurrent PAA treatments. Microarray analysis was performed on the whole brain and revealed 205 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), regardless of the duration of the treatment. The short exposure duration had a more considerable impact on the brain transcriptome, correlating with 70% more DEGs than the long exposure. Strikingly, the brain transcriptome was characterised by the downregulation of gene expression, especially in the short exposure group, and around 82% of the identified DEGs were downregulated. Some of the highly affected genes were key molecules of the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems and the corticotropin-releasing factor signalling system, indicating interference of the stress axis but could also suggest an anxiolytic effect. In addition, there were alterations in genes involved in cellular metabolism and processing, signalling and trafficking, and innate immunity, which underscores the physiological changes in the brain following recurrent PAA treatment. Overall, the transcriptomic data reveal that recurrent oxidant treatment could influence brain functions, and although the magnitude was marginal, the alterations suggested neurological adaptations of fish to PAA as a potential chemical stressor. The results identify the risks of PAA, which would be valuable in drafting a framework for its empirically driven use in fish farming.

Postnatal Exposure to Brief Hypoxia Alters Brain VEGF Expression and Capillary Density in Adult Mice.

Perinatal hypoxia leads to changes in cerebral angiogenesis and persistent structural and functional changes in the adult brain. It may also result in greater vulnerability to subsequent challenges. We investigated the effect of postnatal day 2 (P2) hypoxic preconditioning on adult brain capillary density and brain vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in mice. P2 mice were exposed to hypoxia (5% O2) in a normobaric chamber for 2h then returned to normoxia while their littermates remained in normoxia (P2 control). After 2-6months, they were euthanised and their brains were removed for capillary density determination. Another set of animals (P2 hypoxic mice and P2 controls) were euthanised at 2, 10, 23, and 60days after birth and brain VEGF expression was assessed by western blot. Adult brain capillary density was significantly increased in the P2 hypoxic mice when compared to the P2 control mice. Additionally, VEGF expression appeared to be elevated in the P2-hypoxia mice when compared to the P2-control mice at all time points, and VEGF levels in P2-hypoxia mice declined with age similarly to P2-control mice. These data demonstrate that transient early-postnatal hypoxic stress leads to an increase in capillary density that persists in the adult, possibly due to increased VEGF expression. These results might be explained by epigenetic factors in the VEGF gene.

Stress intensity factor at the front of 3D-surface crack under transient thermal stress induced by a point heat source

A rectangular surface crack perpendicular to the free surface of a three-dimensional solid is assumed and numerically analyzed when the solid surface is heated by an instantaneous point heat source. In particular, the effect of Poisson’s ratio on the distribution characteristics of the stress intensity factor along the crack front is clarified by the body force method. The present analysis is a numerical model for thermal stress laser cleaving of a brittle materials like Si wafer.

Investigating the mechanotransduction of transient shear stress mediated by Piezo1 ion channel using a 3D printed dynamic gravity pump.

Microfluidic systems are widely used for studying the mechanotransduction of flow-induced shear stress in mechanosensitive cells. However, these studies are generally performed under constant flow rates, mainly, due to the deficiency of existing pumps for generating transient flows. To address this limitation, we have developed a unique dynamic gravity pump to generate transient flows in microfluidics. The pump utilises a motorised 3D-printed cam-lever mechanism to change the inlet pressure of the system in repeated cycles. 3D printing technology facilitates the rapid and low-cost prototyping of the pump. Customised transient flow patterns can be generated by modulating the profile, size, and rotational speed of the cam, location of the hinge along the lever, and the height of the syringe. Using this unique dynamic gravity pump, we investigated the mechanotransduction of shear stress in HEK293 cells stably expressing Piezo1 mechanosensitive ion channel under transient flows. The controllable, simple, low-cost, compact, and modular design of the pump makes it suitable for studying the mechanobiology of shear sensitive cells under transient flows.

The effect of confinement and material heterogeneities on the dynamics of a granular medium subjected to impact loading

Compared with the mechanics of continua that has been established well, the mechanical characteristics of granular particles, in particular, the dynamic ones, have not been thoroughly clarified yet. Therefore, in our previous preliminary study, dynamic stress transfer as well as wave and fracture development in granular media has been recorded using the experimental technique of dynamic photoelasticity in conjunction with high-speed cinematography. Penny-shaped particles have been prepared by a digital laser cutter and piled on a rigid horizontal plane to form a model slope with some inclination angle. The two-dimensional slope has been subjected to dynamic impact on its top free surface. From the experimentally recorded particle motion and transient stress evolution, two dissimilar failure patterns have been identified. One is the complete collapse of the slope or mass flow due to unidirectional force-chain-like stress transfer, and the other one is the toppling-type separation of the slope face caused by broadly expanding two-dimensional waves. Whichever occurs seems to be governed by the temporal profile of the energy given by the impact. Here, in order to investigate the effect of confinement and possibly material heterogeneities on granular dynamics, first, experimentally, solid plates are additionally placed on some boundaries of the model slopes. It is found that stress transfer and dynamic motion in the confined granular medium is largely controlled by the additional solid boundaries. Then, in order to numerically confirm the above experimental observations, the open source code ESyS-Particle is employed. The numerical results compare well with the experimental ones if the parameters required for the numerics are carefully and properly selected.

Theoretical analysis and semi-analytical formulation for capturing the coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical process using the stress formulation

The research of multiphysical thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) simulation has achieved significant progress in the past decade. Currently, two types of approaches for poromechanical simulation co-exist in the reservoir simulation community, namely the stress approach with stress as the primary variable for the mechanical governing equations and the displacement approach with displacement as the primary variable. In this work, we aim to provide a theoretical foundation and a practical semi-analytical solution for the stress approach, which is based on the Navier-Beltrami-Michell Equations. Moreover, we will clarify the relationship (and equivalence) between the two approaches. We have proven the existence and uniqueness of the stress solution of Navier-Beltrami-Michell equation with given pressure and temperature field. Moreover, we have demonstrated the equivalence of the stress formulation to the displacement formulation. We have shown that the stress approach yields the same results as the displacement approach, but is more convenient to be implemented. We also conducted an a priori analysis of the mean stress solution. Based on Fourier's analysis, we have developed a general semi-analytical solution for thermal-hydraulic-mechanical process. The semi-analytical solution takes the pressure solution from the hydraulic simulation module (or a commercial reservoir simulator) and directly predicts the stress tensor of the multiphysical system. As such, the solution can be programmed fully coupled with the hydraulic simulation module to predict the stress field with varying pressure and temperature of homogeneous poroelastic rocks under given stress boundary conditions. From the work above, we have laid a theoretical foundation for the stress approach. The derived semi-analytical solution of the stress field shows excellent accuracy. The solution has been used to predict the transient stress field of a dual-porosity system during primary depletion. This paper is arguably the first trial in the petroleum engineering community to clarify the relationship between the stress approach and the displacement approach. Moreover, the derived semi-analytical solution provides a convenient yet precise way to obtain the stress field without time-consuming numerical simulation. • The stress approach is proved to be equivalent to the displacement approach. • A priori is conducted for multiphysical reservoir simulation. • A general semi-analytical solution is developed for fast stress prediction.

Stress Analysis and Fatigue Life Prediction of Contact Wire Located at Steady Arms in High-Speed Railway Catenary System

In an electrified railway system, the pantograph on the train roof is used to collect the electric current through a sliding contact with the contact wire (CW) of the catenary. The CW is mounted laterally in a zigzag relative to the track centerline with the help of a steady arm to ensure symmetrical wear on the pantograph’s strip, which is beneficial to slow the wear process and extend the service life. Under the pantograph’s impact, the CW around the steady arm forms a stress concentration and has been recognized as a vulnerable point in the catenary system. This article performed a uniaxial tensile test and high-cycle fatigue test to measure the mechanical properties and fatigue characteristics of Cu–Mg alloy that is used for manufacturing high-speed CW. A stress analysis method is proposed based on the combination of the pantograph–catenary interaction model and the solid CW specimen model. In the pantograph–catenary interaction simulation, the catenary is modeled using the Euler–Bernoulli beam element. The 3-D solid element is used to model the CW segment. The nodal displacements of the CW segment obtained from the pantograph–catenary interaction simulation are transferred to the CW specimen model. The stress distribution on the CW section and the entire multiaxial transient stress field are analyzed. Based on fatigue test results and stress time history data obtained by simulation, using the nominal stress method, the uniaxial fatigue and multiaxial fatigue analyses are performed to reveal the fatigue characteristics with different speed classes. The results indicate that the weakest points appear at both the wing point and the top point on a CW section. The CW’s fatigue life reduces by over 50% when the speed class is upgraded from 350 to 400 km/h.

Shape and Mass Optimization of the Connecting Rod using Rigid Body Dynamics and Finite Element Method

Connecting rod is one of the major components in the automotive engine which transmits the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion of the crankshaft. The engine’s performance and efficiency are greatly influenced by the optimum design of the connecting rod. This numerical investigation ascertains the effect of shape and mass on the transient structural stability and integrity of the connecting rod. The solid model of the connecting rod is developed using PTC Creo. The kinematic movements between the joints and forces are assessed using the rigid body dynamics approach. The shape and mass of the connecting rod are optimized by using the shape finder tool of the finite element method using the outcomes of rigid body dynamics. The optimized connecting rod possesses better structural stability and comparable factor of safety as evaluated by comparing the transient structural deformation, localized and equivalent von-misses stress of the standard and shape optimized connecting rod.

Targeting Mechano-Transcription Process as Therapeutic Intervention in Gastrointestinal Disorders.

Mechano-transcription is a process whereby mechanical stress alters gene expression. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is composed of a series of hollow organs, often encountered by transient or persistent mechanical stress. Recent studies have revealed that persistent mechanical stress is present in obstructive, functional, and inflammatory disorders and alters gene transcription in these conditions. Mechano-transcription of inflammatory molecules, pain mediators, pro-fibrotic and growth factors has been shown to play a key role in the development of motility dysfunction, visceral hypersensitivity, inflammation, and fibrosis in the gut. In particular, mechanical stress-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and certain pro-inflammatory mediators in gut smooth muscle cells are responsible for motility dysfunction and inflammatory process. Mechano-transcription of pain mediators such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may lead to visceral hypersensitivity. Emerging evidence suggests that mechanical stress in the gut also leads to up-regulation of certain proliferative and pro-fibrotic mediators such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and osteopontin (OPN), which may contribute to fibrostenotic Crohn’s disease. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiological significance of mechanical stress-induced expression of pro-inflammatory molecules, pain mediators, pro-fibrotic and growth factors in obstructive, inflammatory, and functional bowel disorders. We will also evaluate potential therapeutic targets of mechano-transcription process for the management of these disorders.