Mode Transformation Research Articles

The Opportunities, Dilemmas, and Paths for the Development of Adult Higher Education in the New Era

This paper comprehensively analyzes the development opportunities and realistic dilemmas faced by adult higher education in China in the new era, and puts forward corresponding strategies as solutions. With the construction of a learning society, the development of digital technology, and the popularization of the concept of lifelong learning, adult higher education has unprecedented development opportunities. At the same time, these forms of education are facing a series of dilemmas due to challenges such as unsound guarantee mechanisms and traditional enrollment competition. Through the establishment of perfect legal and policy guarantees, transformation of school running mode, meeting the diversified needs of learners, and other multi-faceted measures, the development of adult higher education can be effectively promoted to meet the needs of individual and social development.

Research on the Coupling between the Development Level and Efficiency of Green Agriculture in China

Accurately measuring the green development status of China's agriculture is of great significance for promoting the transformation of agricultural development modes, promoting green agricultural development models, and forming a sustainable modern agricultural production system. The purpose of this study is to provide scientific reference and practical guidance for the implementation of China's agricultural modernization and sustainable development strategy through in-depth analysis of the coupling between the development level of green agriculture in China and production efficiency. It has important theoretical and practical value for promoting the construction of agricultural ecological civilization. This article first analyzes the current situation and development efficiency of green agriculture in China. Then, the coupling between the development level and efficiency of green agriculture in China was analyzed. Finally, propose countermeasures and suggestions.

Ballistic performance and energy transfer of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene laminate

Soldier protection is crucial in contemporary localized conflicts, However, the impact response mechanism of UHMWPE laminate as the insert plate of ballistic helmet and bulletproof vest is still unclear. This study utilized 3D-DIC technology to analyze the impact response of UHMWPE laminates subjected to a 9 mm lead-core pistol bullet at a velocity of 334.93 m/s. The damage mode and response characteristics of the back surface were revealed; an effective numerical calculation method was established and could reveal the energy conversion process. The bullet penetrated the front face with 1.01 mm, resulting in a cross-shaped failure feature due to fiber bundle compression and aggregation. The numerical model confirmed its accuracy by comparing the height, width, and inplane strain distribution within the inplane of the bulge with experimental results. It further investigated the interaction between the bullet and the laminate, and energy transformation. The bullet's kinetic energy decreased by 80.64 %, in which the laminate absorbs 30.84 % of the bullet's energy as internal energy and 35.06 % as kinetic energy, meanwhile the bullet's internal energy increases by 11.77 %. The results show the damage mode and energy transformation of laminate, which provides theoretical support for revealing the impact response mechanism and improving the protective energy absorption efficiency.

Research on Transformation of Man and Beast in Grimm's Fairy Tales

Based on the fantasy of the fairy tale itself, the animality of children's thinking, and the closeness of the relationship between man and beast, human-animal transformation appears in Grimm's Fairy Tales. These fairy tales of human-animal transformation have common characteristics such as human-animal transformation mode and growth-oriented transformation type, reflecting the miracle of life achieved by human beings through the mode of "transformation-tribulation-redemption", and implied the intention of punishing evil and promoting good, the idea of equality of all things and other ideological connotation.

Transfer payments and carbon reduction in China: The effect of the national comprehensive demonstration city of energy saving and emission reduction fiscal policy

To address climate change and achieve high-quality economic development, China began implementing the Comprehensive Demonstration City of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Fiscal Policy (ESERFP) in 2011. This policy relies on special transfer payments to increase the integration of various energy conservation and emission reduction fiscal policies, thereby accelerating institutional and mechanism innovation, actively promoting economic structure adjustment and development mode transformation, and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction goals in various regions. This study uses a multi-period difference-in-difference (DID) model to estimate the ESERFP's CO2 emission reduction effect and paths. The findings demonstrate the following: (1) The ESERFP has lessened the CO2 emission intensity of the demonstration city and effectively played a role in reducing CO2 emissions. (2) Mechanism analysis demonstrates that the ESERFP has significantly improved the green travel level of residents in pilot cities and can also reduce cities' total energy consumption. Therefore, the ESERFP can effectively suppress CO2 emissions by improving transportation systems and optimizing energy consumption structures. (3) Further analysis shows that the ESERFP can reduce the CO2 emission scale of the demonstration cities and effectively promote the increase of actual per capita gross domestic product in pilot cities, bringing economic dividends and thus achieving a “win-win” situation of environmental protection and economic growth. (4) Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the CO2 emission reduction effect is more significant in non-old industrial-based cities, non-resource-based cities, and urban agglomerations. This study not only evaluates the CO2 reduction effect of the demonstration city but also provides reference significance for the improvement of subsequent environmental regulations. In addition, clarifying the implementation effect of the ESERFP can help alleviate ecological and environmental problems in the process of urban economic development in China and achieve the sustainable development goal of green transformation.

Experimental investigation of high-frequency transverse instability in Helmholtz resonator-coupled lean-premixed hydrogen combustor

Recent experimental studies suggest that lean-premixed pure hydrogen combustion plays a central role in generating self-sustained pressure oscillations, preferentially coupled with high-frequency tangential modes in land-based gas turbine combustors. The triggering of such high-frequency combustion dynamics is known to be closely connected with relatively small, flashback-resistant, characteristic nozzle dimensions, and the structural and kinematic properties of the premixed hydrogen flames. To identify important trends in the transverse modal dynamics of hydrogen flames, here we conduct detailed measurements of multislit injector-driven hydrogen flame dynamics. We analyze the measured data using the wave decomposition technique for PDF-based statistical assessments of bimodality and nodal line orientation. Experimentally, the planar-to-transverse mode transformation is revealed to be controlled by the combined influence of flame temperature and thermal power, which ultimately leads to the development of well-defined standing modes at around 4.69 kHz under the most severe test condition. Using analytic modeling and rigorous validation measurements, we also investigate Helmholtz resonator-type passive stabilization and its impact on the integrated system's thermoacoustic states with respect to the change in purge air flowrate. Our results show that the coupled system does not retain many of the initial thermoacoustic properties, but instead undergoes prominent changes in the first tangential modal dynamics, progressively evolving from a large-amplitude bimodal to a low-amplitude unimodal state.

Laser powder bed fusion to fabricate high-entropy alloy FeCoCrNiMo0.5 with excellent high-temperature strength and ductility

FeCoCrNi, a high-entropy alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion, has excellent room-temperature mechanical properties but poor high-temperature mechanical performance. To expand the application of FeCoCrNi, in this study, we added Mo to form σ precipitates, which improved the high-temperature mechanical properties of the alloy via Orowan strengthening. We also elucidated the main deformation mechanism of FeCoCrNiMo0.5, involving the transformation of the deformational mode from dislocation-based motion to twinning deformation.

Short beam shear performance of spread‐tow woven stitched composite with anti‐sandwich structure

AbstractSpread‐tow woven fabrics (STW) have attracted considerable attention because of their ultrathin structure and low porosity, which benefit the design and application of STW composites. Little is known about how the thickness relationship between the middle and surface layers affect the mechanical properties of sandwich structures. Therefore, this study developed an anti‐sandwich stitched composite with STW in the center and a nonwoven felt/STW hybrid on both sides. The interlayer shear behavior and damage mode transformation of STW composites with different middle‐layer thicknesses were studied using short‐beam shear tests, digital image correlation (DIC) full‐field strain nephograms and micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). The results showed that the anti‐sandwich structure improved the shear strength, particularly when the middle layer thickness was four times that of the surface layer. As the middle layer thickness ratio decreased, the synergistic effect of the anti‐sandwich structure was weakened, and the damage mode changed from ductile to brittle. Furthermore, the hybrid ratio of the STW/nonwoven fabric in the surface layer had little effect on the performance because of the good interfacial adhesion between the STW and nonwoven fabric. The anti‐sandwich structure that can improve the properties and stability of STW composites provides a reference for the structural design of STW composites in engineering applications.Highlights An anti‐sandwich composite was developed by spread tow woven fabrics. Nine types of anti‐sandwich composite were designed and fabricated. The thickness of the middle layer affected the synergistic mechanisms. The optimal anti‐sandwich structure has a 4.59% increase in shear strength. The specific shear strength is 14.86% higher over pure spread tow laminates.

Utilizing Joukowsky transformation in the design of optical fiber for elliptical-to-circular mode conversion.

This study addresses the challenge of enhancing coupling efficiency between optical fibers and elliptical Gaussian beams emitted by semiconductor lasers, particularly in fiber communication systems. We introduce a method for fiber design utilizing the Joukowsky transformation to facilitate efficient mode transformation from elliptical to circular, thereby augmenting the coupling efficiency with both single-mode and multimode fibers. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations demonstrate that the fiber with a structurally transitional core maintains high-efficiency mode transformation across various lengths, and its structure has been optimized accordingly. Additionally, our investigation reveals the designed fiber's ability to preserve polarization states, which could have significant implications in precision optical applications. The proposed design offers an approach to improving performance in optical communication systems, especially in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems and fiber lasers.

Revisiting spatiotemporal evolution process and mechanism of a giant reservoir landslide during weather extremes

An updated comprehension of landslide kinematics is a prerequisite for developing effective risk assessment and emergency management in the context of climate variability and anthropogenic disturbances. This study employs a multidisciplinary approach, taking the Outang landslide in China's Three Gorges Reservoir area as a case study. We examined the spatiotemporal surface processes and time- and subzone-dependent hydrometeorological factors from 2007 to 2021, particularly identifying rainfall regimes and reservoir water levels that trigger landslide movements. Given the uneven distribution of GNSS surface markers, we introduced weighted monthly mean displacement (D) and weighted marker frequency (f), enhancing the accuracy of our insights into distinct active subzones of the landslide. Preliminary results revealed July, September and June as months of higher susceptibility, as well as months with low water levels. The early-stage deformation control by reservoir water levels is being increasingly overshadowed by rainfall, due to extreme weather events and localized anti-slip measures. Long-term surface processes have also highlighted the transformation of landslide failure modes towards a compound pattern, from a predominantly retrogressive to a thrust-dominated pattern, and even overall translation coupled with localized rotation. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of normalized displacement/strain demonstrates the power and potential of integrating multi-source monitoring data. By revisiting the evolution processes and potential deformation mechanisms of the Outang landslide, we are getting closer to understanding more about the dynamics of giant landslides in reservoir areas, and illuminate the pathway towards enhanced risk management and emergency response strategies.

Study on the impact of green finance on green total factor productivity in forestry—evidence from China

China's forestry industry's ecological, economic, and social benefits have improved significantly. However, practical problems remain, such as irrational industrial structure, serious resource consumption, and low environmental transformation efficiency. The green total factor productivity is an important index to measure the transformation of economic development mode, and improving the green total factor productivity in forestry is of great significance in guiding the transformation of forestry economy, improving the structure of agricultural economy, and realizing the green development of forestry economy. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2021, this article adopts the entropy value method and the Global Malmquist–Luenberger index based on the SBM directional distance function to construct the index system of green finance and forestry green total factor productivity and empirically analyzes the impact and mechanism of green finance on forestry green total factor productivity. It was found that 1) green finance can improve local forestry green total factor productivity and influence the neighboring regions to improve forestry green total factor productivity through economic spillover effect, and the coefficient of spatial spillover effect was 0.1041. 2) There were regional differences in the impact of green finance on forestry green total factor productivity, which was explicitly presented as a gradual decrease from east to west “ladder-like”. 3) There was a 30.46% intermediary effect of forestry industry structure in the influence of green finance on forestry green total factor productivity. 4) There was a double-threshold effect of human capital in the influence of green finance on forestry green total factor productivity, and there was a non-linear effect of marginal increment in the influence of green finance on forestry green total factor productivity after the threshold of 5.87 human capital. Based on China's ecological and economic development background, it was significant to utilize green finance to solve forestry economic development problems and promote China's green and sustainable development, and therefore put forward policy recommendations.

Investigation of the Fracture Behaviour of Al-CFRP Cross-Lap Joint Fabricated by Coaxial One-Side Resistance Spot Welding.

In the present research, coaxial one-side resistance spot welding was performed to join Al5052 and CFRP sheets with different welding currents. The mechanical performance of the cross-lap joint was clarified experimentally. The cross-section of the welded joint and the fracture surfaces was subjected to multi-scale characterization. The fracture behaviours and mechanisms of cross-lap joints are discussed in detail. The results showed that the thermal degradation of CFRP was detected on the cross-section under a 6000 A welding current and the O element was enriched in the decomposed area. The joining zone could be divided into four subregions according to their morphology, which were defined, from outside to inside, as the squeezed zone, the adhesion zone, the cohesion zone and the decomposed zone. After welding, the O-C=O bond disappeared on the CFRP surface while the O=C-N bond was detected on the Al5052 surface. The cross-lap joints demonstrated brittle and ductile fracture behaviours in a cross-tension test, which included two sub-modes: brittle-transition mode and ductile-degradation mode. The transformation of failure modes had a relationship with the heat input and corresponding joining zone composition. The maximum cross-tension load was about 1279 ± 40 N with a welding current of 5600 A.

Spatial pattern, and evolution of China’s urban agglomerations

China's urban agglomeration is not only crucial to tackle with the more and more contradiction between population, resources and environment, but also an important spatial actor to increase the global competitiveness and promote the transformation of China's economic development mode. In the national "14th Five-Year Plan" in 2021, it is proposed to "promote the coordinated and development of large, medium-sized and small cities and towns based on urban agglomeration and metropolitan area". Generally, 19 urban agglomerations designated in this Plan are heterogeneous in development level and national functions. To this end, from the nature of urban agglomerations, especially on agglomeration economy and functional urban region hypothesis, the research focuses on the spatial pattern and changes of these 19 areas mainly based on the 6th and 7th national census. The findings show that, China’s UAs are unique in driving forces, and spatial patterns as well. China’s UAs are more state-led, though now the marketing forces more and more crucial. The UAs have been evolved from the early planned economy period to the reform and opening up period, and then to the further development of the Socialist market economy until now. Unlike other typical UAs abroad, most of the developed UAs are more specialized in manufacture, not in producer services, though these regions show a remarkable high-end services oriented shift in 2010–2020.

Transmission mode transformation of rotating controllable beams induced by the cross phase.

In this paper, complex-variable sine-Gaussian cross-phase (CVSGCP) beams are proposed, and the transmission dynamics properties of the CVSGCP beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media are investigated. CVSGCP beams can produce a variety of mode transformation characteristics during transmission. The roles of parameters in the sine and cross-phase terms of the initial light field expression in the evolution of light intensity modes, phase, and beam width are analyzed in detail, and it is proved that the effect of cross phase is to cause the beams to rotate. The control of different modes can be achieved by selecting suitable parameters, which have certain advantages in the practical application of CVSGCP beams. CVSGCP beams can be regarded as generalized high-order breathers because light intensity modes and beam width show periodic oscillation distribution during transmission. The typical evolution characteristics of the CVSGCP beams are verified by numerical simulation. Strongly nonlocal nonlinear optical media can be mathematically equivalent to a variety of optical systems, such as gradient index potential wells and resonant potential wells, so the conclusions in this paper can also be extended to these equivalent optical systems.

Research on Talent Cultivation of Local Applied College Students and Local Economic Development

With the transformation of China's economic growth mode from rough to intensive, from the emphasis on scale and speed to the pursuit of high quality and efficiency, and from factor investment-driven to innovation-driven, the local applied universities should develop in synergy with the regional economy and make progress in a coordinated manner. The concept of synergistic development of applied university education and regional economy points out the positioning of innovation and entrepreneurship talent cultivation objectives and reform direction of applied universities, based on the actual problems of innovation and entrepreneurship talent cultivation in local applied universities, from positioning the innovation and entrepreneurship talent cultivation objectives to serve the regional economic development, constructing the curriculum content system coordinated with the development of regional economy, and coordinating regional resources to build a diversified entrepreneurship practice platform. It discusses the path of innovation and entrepreneurship talent cultivation in local applied universities which is deeply connected with regional economy, positively interacted and synergistically developed.

Educational intervention on oral cancer in high-risk patients between 35-59 years

Introduction: mortality from oropharyngeal cancer ranked tenth among cancer types in Cuba in 2020 and 2021. Objective: to implement an educational intervention on oral cancer in high-risk patients between 35-59 years old. Method: an educational intervention with a quasi-experimental design, before-after type, was carried out in consulting room 19, La Demajagua, Isla de la Juventud between April-September 2023. The population was 126 patients, the sample being made up of 80 at high risk of oral cancer. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used and the variables were used: risk to predict oral cancer, risk factors, oral hygiene, teaching aids and level of knowledge about oral cancer, oral hygiene, risk factors and oral self-examination. Results: the risk of suffering from oral cancer was high in 63 % of the patients between 35-59 years old in the study office. Before the intervention, bad knowledge predominated, representing 48,7 % of the sample, managing to raise it to good after the intervention by 96,3 % . The Wilcoxon test demonstrated highly significant differences. Conclusions: the main risk factors were: poor oral hygiene, smoking, consumption of hot or spicy foods and stress. The use of the website contributed to raising knowledge about oral cancer, the main risk factors associated with its appearance and oral self-examination, allowing the transformation of modes of action and the evaluation of the educational intervention implemented in high-risk patients between 35 and 35 years old as satisfactory

Mode transformation of dynamic spin wave well modes in the magnetic stripes

In this work, we present an experimental and micromagnetic simulation study of the mode transformation of dynamic spin wave well modes in the magnetic stripes. With a highly precise lock-in ferromagnetic resonance measurement system, the spin wave modes, including the quantized backward volume magnetostatic spin waves and the spin wave well modes, can both be clearly detected in the transversely magnetized stripes. The mode transformations of dynamic spin wave well modes are detected in a field range that the moments near the edge of the stripe are not fully magnetized. Further micromagnetic simulation and analyzation show that the boundary condition change in the potential well might be the main reason for the mode transformation of spin wave well modes. These results might be helpful for the further understanding of the spin wave dynamics in the finite ferromagnets.

Resolution and Analysis of Transmission Line Fault Types Based on Recording Type Data and Deep Learning

The reliable identification of fault types in transmission lines is essential for restoring power supply swiftly and minimizing economic losses during outages, thereby ensuring the safe and efficient functioning of the power system. This paper addresses the challenge of low recognition accuracy in existing transmission line fault diagnosis methods and presents a novel approach based on fault recording data collected from both ends of the line. This method distinguishes between lightning-strike and non-lightning-strike faults, utilizing a deep learning network architecture to analyze time-domain information from recorded data, using the initial and terminal waveforms as inputs. The proposed fault identification model integrates fault current phase mode transformation, Local Mean Decomposition (LMD) decomposition, and spectral entropy analysis, applying deep learning principles to enhance fault detection precision. This comprehensive approach enables the effective identification of various fault types on transmission lines. Extensive simulation tests were conducted using a sophisticated fault simulation model developed within simulation software to validate the proposed algorithm’s efficacy. The results demonstrate the algorithm’s high accuracy and efficiency in recognizing various fault types on transmission lines.

Modeling and optimization of a relativistic magnetron with transparent cathode and output mode

Abstract This paper outlines the results of particle-in-cell simulations of a relativistic magnetron with six cavities and a transparent cathode configuration. Excitation of the π mode in the interaction region was attained, which in turn led to $\textrm{TE}_{11}$ mode emission of microwaves to the waveguide. This mode transformation was achieved with a non-symmetric diffraction output, consisting of four large and two small tapered cavities. Simulations were performed with a voltage across the anode-cathode gap varying from 164 to 356 kV, and axial magnetic field strengths between 0.24 and 0.34 T. Maximum efficiency of 37% was obtained with a peak output power of 590 MW, having a voltage of 261 kV and a magnetic field of 0.30 T. Furthermore, a frequency of 2.57 GHz and a rise time of microwaves at the waveguide of 15 ns were demonstrated. The electron leakage current was shown to decrease from ∼10 $\%$ to less than $1\%$ when employing a longer interaction region, while still exhibiting good performance. Additionally, we show that there is an optimal range of voltages given a magnetic field, for which π mode excitation with high efficiency is attained.

Three-dimensional Voronoi-based simulation study of stepwise density-graded aluminum foams: Buffering and energy absorption performance analysis

Three-dimensional Voronoi models are built to analyze the buffering and energy absorption performance of stepwise density-graded aluminum foams during quasi-static and dynamic compression. The validity of the aluminum foam model with selected mesostructure and simulation parameters is verified by the correlation between the experimental and numerical results. Strain-stress responses, deformation propagation, and energy absorption capabilities are compared and analyzed to probe the deformation mechanisms and stress transmission. The results show that there are three deformation modes: quasi-static mode, transitional mode, and dynamic mode, which are formed successively with increasing compression velocity. The method of obtaining the first critical velocity of the deformation mode transformation in two-dimensional stepwise density-graded aluminum foams is extended to the three-dimensional cases. Meanwhile, a new method based on the deformation concentration is developed to determine the second critical velocity. The different stepwise density graded aluminum foams exhibit similar performances under quasi-static mode, but exhibited significant differences under dynamic mode. However, a negative gradient of aluminum foam is advantageous for reducing the stress on the support end and optimizing the energy absorption under dynamic mode.