Transformation In Malaysia Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL EDUCATION ON MALAYSIAN STUDENTS: A SIGNIFICANT REVIEW

This scoping article investigates the profound implications of digital education on Malaysian students, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of its impact. The introduction delineates the evolving landscape of education in the digital age and underscores the increasing reliance on technology for learning. The problem statement identifies key challenges faced by Malaysian students in adapting to digital education, such as technological disparities, access limitations, and potential disparities in the quality of online education. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the methodology combines quantitative surveys to gauge the extent of digital education adoption and qualitative interviews to explore the nuanced experiences and perceptions of students. The expected results anticipate a multifaceted impact, including enhanced accessibility, potential disparities, and varying degrees of adaptability. This study envisions contributing valuable insights to policymakers, educators, and stakeholders in refining digital education strategies tailored to the Malaysian context. In conclusion, the article discusses the broader implications of the findings, emphasizing the need for equitable digital infrastructure and pedagogical innovations to ensure a positive and inclusive educational transformation in Malaysia.

Getting The Focus Right: Achieving the Targeted Compensation of Employees' Composition in Post-Mid-Term Review of the Twelfth Malaysia Plan

The successful implementation of eleven Malaysia Plans in charting and navigating economic growth has seen the transformation of Malaysia from an agricultural economy to an industrialised one and subsequently into a services-based economy. However, despite the developmental progress, Malaysia's growth quality was highly debatable due to the lower implications of growth on the compensation of employees (COE) generation. In line with the mid-term review of the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (12MP), this study was structured to reassess the sectoral capacity towards supporting the achievement of 40% targeted COE composition. Applying the reassessment models developed based on the input-output modelling technique yields positive outcomes, with 19 sectors central to COE target achievement identified. The sectors were grounded based on three areas of potential that are capable of guiding policy decisions to improve the COE composition: (i) sectors that have achieved the 40% targeted COE composition with strong backward (BW) and forward (FW) linkages; (ii) sectors that have achieved the 40% targeted COE composition with strong BW or FW linkage; and (iii) sectors over 30% achieved COE composition with strong BW or FW linkage, or both.

Information technology personnel competency towards organizational agility: study at Malaysia automotive

<span>Information technology and agility is a core item for organizations. With recent technology and digital transformation in Malaysia’s automotive industry, the need to understand how human competencies influence organizational agility is critical. This paper discusses the antecedent factor of information technology personnel competency toward organizational agility. Literature was reviewed and further examined upon two information systems theories, the dynamic capabilities view (DCV) and people capability model maturity (P-CMM). This study was conducted at Malaysia automotive organizations, auto A and auto B, with 151 participants. Data was collected and analyzed with SPSS and SmartPLS with the utilization of partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings highlighted that human factor significantly influence how organizations respond to internal and external parties. These findings offer insights into empowering the IT workforce towards industrial revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0).</span>

The Impact of Leadership, Innovation, and Organisation Learning on the Digital Maturity of Organisations in Malaysia

The broad range of digital disruption has become ubiquitous to organizations in the light of movement restrictions imposed to curb the global pandemic Covid-19. Digital interaction became the numerous modes of communication in urban societies worldwide. The evolution of digital technology has been rampant worldwide, but the adaptation was slower in Malaysia compared to neighboring southeast Asian countries, pre-covid-19. The pandemic brought about a forceful digital transformation in Malaysia with management playing a fervent role in its amplification. Leadership, innovation, and organizational learning have become fundamental incorporations for every organization to have sustainable digital maturity. Leadership is evaluated from both capability and competency perspectives. Innovation is looked at from sustainable and breakthrough innovations. Organizational learning includes knowledge management and learning culture. This study is quantitative research with a sample size of 147 respondents from organizations within Malaysia that uses digital technologies in their day-to-day operations. Structured comparative research was applied using a systematic comparison of measurement instruments with multivariate data analysis within Malaysia. Our findings indicate a strong and positive correlation between digital maturity and innovation. Leadership and organizational learning have a moderately strong and positive correlation with Digital Maturity. The findings can contribute to managerial and policy improvement toward digital transformation, while avenues for future research directions are discussed.

PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BERDASARKAN APLIKASI FALSAFAH PENDIDIKAN KEBANGSAAN TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KEPIMPINAN DALAM KALANGAN MAHASISWA

The field of education is also undergoing a transformation in a more advanced and systematic direction. To achieve the goal of quality education, the teaching and learning process must be balanced and effective. The philosophy of education is one of the approaches to create an excellent human civilization and is able to educate students to be systematic and superior. Through philosophy, a student is able to organize his way of thinking and build a civilization using creative and critical thinking. A person's way of thinking and acting can be a motivation to do something. If thinking skills do not have a specific guide, a society will develop without a clear role and function, which contributes to waste from the point of view of the use of human capital. With Philosophy, one can find the truth, analyze, think to plan a solution and build a character that will play a role as the leader of Malaysia's transformation. The use of philosophy as a tool to purify the culture of thought in life through art and methods of thinking and human concepts. This study aims to identify the effect or impact of the implementation of the National Education Philosophy on character building among students in Malaysia. Thus, this study aims to examine the extent to which the National Education Philosophy is able to have an impact on thinking skills and building superior character. In order to achieve this goal, the method used is a literature review by examining and analyzing various articles that are relevant to the context of education in Malaysia. The data were analyzed to produce a great human character development model based on the application of the National Education Philosophy. As a result of this study, it is hoped that students will be able to see the scientific disciplines as a comprehensive idea of knowledge and linked to each other so that they are able to become students with high thinking, good character and able to solve society's problems as well as build the personality and character of excellent students.

Issues, Challenges, and Suggestions for Empowering Technical Vocational Education and Training Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia

Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is one of the critical drivers in the transformation of Malaysia’s education system and contributes towards economic growth. It works to develop and equip individuals with current technical skills based on industry demand. Many issues faced by the government in the way to strengthen the field of Technical and Vocational Education and became worse when the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic changed the way of delivering education from conventional methods to e-learning. Hence, the main thrust of this review paper is to highlight the issues of TVET education and challenges TVET education faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. For the findings, articles related with issues and challenges in TVET education during pandemic outbreak are chosen from SCOPUS, WOS and ERIC databases. The results have reported that lack of student motivation and career counselling, stigma towards TVET education, lecturer’s competency and inadequacies of infrastructure resources in TVET are issues that happen in TVET education throughout the years while internet connectivity problem, learning platform, content of curriculum and assessment, the readiness of trainers and trainees for e-learning have been discussed as challenges of TVET education during COVID-19 pandemic.

Lesson Learned of Rohingya Persecution in Myanmar for Sustainable Development and Policy Transformation in Malaysia

This paper examines about the lesson learned of persecuted Rohingya people in Myanmar. The Myanmar regime does not recognize the Rohingyas as their people and accused them as Bengalis from Bangladesh. The issue of denied citizenship has caused the Rohingya people to live in limbo. Unlike other ethnics in Myanmar, they are denied the rights as sovereign citizens. The situation becomes worse when the other local citizens, for the reason of ethnic and religion matters, join forces with the regime in violating and abusing the Rohingyas. Therefore, the Rohingyas are left as stateless people in their own country and are forced to become refugees to seek a better life. The case of the Rohingya people in Myanmar can be a lesson learned for Malaysians who are living in a multi-society country. The government and the people have to be aware that unfair policy and physical violence could increase the intensity of conflict and cause bad implication in terms of peace and harmony in the country. Hence, several possible peace process initiatives of sustainable development must be introduced to transform the certain policy and further strengthen the ethnic relation in Malaysia to ensure everyone lives together in peace and harmony.

ANALISIS KEPERLUAN PENGETAHUAN ISI KANDUNGAN DALAM PENGAJARAN MATEMATIK

Education transformation in Malaysia recently requires teachers to equip themselves with the highest knowledge in line with national education development needs. Based on the foundation, this study aimed to study the level of content knowledge among mathematics teachers in secondary schools in the state of Kedah. This study employs a cross-sectional survey design using a quantitative approach involving 343 mathematics teachers. Descriptive analysis with the mean score was used to explain the level of variables studied. Results from the descriptive analysis found that the average (min) content knowledge score was high (mean = 3.88). This shows that mathematics teachers were equipped with mathematics content knowledge. The findings of this study can be a guideline to the Ministry of Education Malaysia to develop ongoing training programs related to the knowledge of teachers.

PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI MAKLUMAT DAN KOMUNIKASI (ICT) DALAM PENGAJARAN MATEMATIK

Education transformation in Malaysia requires teachers to equip themselves with skills in the use of communication and information technology (ICT) in line with the developmental needs of national education policy. Based on these needs, this study was conducted to study the level of ICT use in teaching mathematics in secondary schools especially in the state of Kedah. This study used a cross-sectional survey design involving 343 mathematics teachers. Descriptive analysis of demographic aspects and average score (mean) was used to explain the level of variables studied. Based on the data analysis using SPSS, the mean scores on the use of ICT in the classroom were moderate (mean = 3.19). The findings of this study can serve as a guide for the Ministry of Education Malaysia and education officials to understand and further design intensive training programs, in particular, the strengthening of ICT use in national educational institutions.

Becoming a Teacher Leader: Exploring Malaysian In-Service Teachers’ Perceptions, Readiness and Challenges

The ever growing demand for educational transformation in Malaysia has placed greater responsibilities upon school leaders to improve school performance. This brings to light the need to explore alternative approaches of school leadership where teachers can be roped in to help, lead and manage the operational tasks of the school. This study explores in-service teachers’ perceptions of teacher leadership within their contexts. The study also investigates teachers’ readiness and the challenges they face while practising informal teacher leader roles. The study employs a mixed-methods design and data were collected through questionnaires from 587 primary and 189 secondary in-service teachers and semi-structured interviews with eight selected teachers. In-service teachers have positive perceptions towards teacher leadership with most acknowledging familiarity with the concept. They admitted that they were ready to be selected as informal teacher leaders, for professional reasons. The findings further reveal that in-service teachers face challenges from various parties within the school community in executing their role as teacher leaders. Moreover, the findings recommend a framework for policy and school based initiatives for improving teacher leadership practices in Malaysian school context.

Can Vision 2020 be Far Away? Malaysia's Transformation Problems to a High‐income Economy

AbstractAt the beginning of 1990s, the then Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad set the goal that Malaysia in 2020 should become a high‐income economy and a vigorous and economically just middle class society. We are not far away from 2020. We therefore raise the question whether Malaysia is close to or far away of becoming a high‐income economy with this economic trap issue in the article. Instead, we focus on income inequality as an inroad to economy seen from an OECD country level perspective. In our examination of this question, we first discus different strands in the debate on transformation from middle‐income to high‐income economies. The debate has focused on the middle‐income trap issue especially from an economic perspective. It is an interesting and fruitful input to the transformation debate, particularly the question whether lack of industrial upgrading and deepening keeps middle‐income economies back from becoming high‐income economies. We do not deal so much with Malaysia's transformation problems. From our point of view, income inequality (high Gini coefficient) is an important but often neglected element in the mosaic to explain Malaysia's transformation problems both in a domestic and global policy perspective. We examine income inequality and transformation to a high‐income economy from different angles. We look into the business structure; income distribution compared with high‐income economies; household income distribution, consumption, lifestyle and the middle class; education and tax system as lever or barrier for reducing income inequality; old and new political coalitions as drivers for maintenance or change of income inequality. Through this analysis, we seek at the same time to highlight whether Malaysia is close to become a vigorous and economically just middle class society.

Variegated National Retail Markets: Negotiating Transformation through Regulation in Malaysia and Thailand

The last two decades have seen a major wave of retail globalization that has driven the transformation of retail markets in the emerging economies of Southeast Asia and beyond. This article provides a systematic analysis of the divergent pathways of retail market transformation in Malaysia and Thailand through exploring the interface of foreign retailers’ strategies of market development and regulatory efforts by the state. Drawing on the variegated capitalism approach and relational economic geography perspectives, the article develops a dynamic analytical framework for investigating and contrasting contestation and negotiation in the process of market transformation. Based on extensive fieldwork and comprehensive secondary data analysis carried out in Malaysia and Thailand, it demonstrates the different trajectories of the Malaysian and Thai retail markets since the turn of the millennium, and explains the political-economic context, and state-regulatory and retail firm strategies that interactively shape market change. While Malaysia has seen substantial levels of state intervention to protect domestic interests and create a two-tier retail system, the Thai retail market transformation has been based on less rigid but more geographically varied state regulation and foreign retail firm strategies. Thus, this article sheds new light on the host economy impacts of retail globalization in the context of local and national contestation and regulation. It concludes with a summary of the findings and reflections on the value of the analytical frame developed here for research on comparative capitalism beyond the retail sector.

The Impact of Instructional Leadership and Emotional Intelligence Competency of Principals in Relation to the Academic Achievement of Secondary Schools in Malaysia

Education transformation in Malaysia's Education Development Plan (PPPM) and continuous change to improve the effectiveness of the education system, demanding high-performance school leaders. Leadership was found to have a significant positive impact on student achievement. Many studies have found that the practice of instructional leadership style of principals can produce effective teaching and learning among teachers and pupils in turn for outstanding academic performance. While leaders practicing transformation efforts continuously have significant relationships with their emotional intelligence competencies. The leader's emotional intelligence competence is a skill that can and should be learned by an organization leader in which it will be able to help them make better decisions in subsequent work to improve organizational achievement. Instructional leadership and emotional intelligence competencies are among the key factors studied in determining the academic performance of the school. The results of this study have confirmed that instructional leadership practice and emotional competence provide a significant correlation to the academic performance of the school.

The best practices for school transformation: a multiple-case study

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the best practices of school leaders, teachers, pupils, parents and the community in selected transformed schools in Selangor, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative multiple-case study explores the best practices in two selected transformed schools through in-depth interviews, observations and document reviews. The data were collected from 2 school heads, 6 teachers with administrative responsibilities and 20 teachers. The themes were elucidated via open, axial and selective coding based on the grounded theory approach.FindingsThe analysis identified various best practices exhibited by school leaders, teachers, pupils, parents and the community. Four themes were found to be common as best practices in both selected schools, which were adaptive and multi-dimensional leadership, winning-the-hearts, extensive use of Information and Communication Technology in school operations, and a culture of acquiring and sharing professional knowledge. The unique theme for School A was the emphasis on the social, emotional and ethical well-being of the students, while extensive parental involvement and support was a unique theme identified in School B.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this paper may be used as guidance tool for policy makers and educational planners regarding school transformation in Malaysia, and as well as in other countries. Such practices can be learned, adapted and replicated by other schools in order to transform. The findings also have direct implications to current teachers, school leaders, parents and the community.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the growing body of research on the best practices and school transformation in Malaysian transformed schools. There is a decisive need to explore the best practices of transformed schools in Malaysia based on their own cultural and contextual needs in order to help schools that aspire for transformation.

Restructuring foreign worker policy and community transformation in Malaysia

Malaysia is one of the most rapidly growing economies in Asia and is blessed with foreign workers inflow to sustain the economic growth process. However, the strong national sentiments among the local community, which harbors ill perception towards the foreign workers, lead to regrettably vague policies concerning foreign workers. As far as this issue is concerned, Malaysia needs to reform the policy regulations so that foreign workers will be able to integrate into the economic transformation of the country. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the current regulations regarding foreign workers policy in Malaysia. Arguably, foreign worker regulations can be improved by referring to Malaysia's past experience and copy the models of other foreign-workers-friendly countries. A process- oriented methodology was adopted in this study to understand the issues associated with foreign workers, community transformation, and policy implementation. The result of this study shows that superior implementation and enforcement of foreign labor regulations would lead to harmonization and transformation of the community. (Less)

Going Global: Branding Strategies in the Malaysian Beauty Industry

Over the past decade notions of beauty have been undergoing significant transformation in Malaysia. Through interviews with managers and owners in three emerging beauty companies as well as a consumer survey, this study reveals three important factors inherent in a new approach in the ongoing commercialization of beauty: that indigenous knowledge of herbs as crucial ingredients is held and diffused by women; that women are the founders, managers and users of the products; and that these companies are family-owned and outsource technical or scientific expertise to add credibility and increase commercial viability. Religion -- Islam in the case of Malaysia -- can also be a potent factor in brand building among beauty entrepreneurs in developing economies. This study asserts that by utilizing indigenous knowledge and appealing to cultural and religious identity, new companies can be successful even when competing in a crowded market dominated by foreign multinationals.

Exploring the Potential of High Resolution Remote Sensing Data for Mapping Vegetation and the Age Groups of Oil Palm Plantation

The land use/land cover transformation in Malaysia is enormous due to palm oil plantation which has provided huge economical benefits but also created a huge concern for carbon emission and biodiversity. Accurate information about oil palm plantation and the age of plantation is important for a sustainable production, estimation of carbon storage capacity, biodiversity and the climate model. However, the problem is that this information cannot be extracted easily due to the spectral signature for forest and age group of palm oil plantations is similar. Therefore, a noble approach "multi-scale and multi-texture algorithms" was used for mapping vegetation and different age groups of palm oil plantation using a high resolution panchromatic image (WorldView-1) considering the fact that pan imagery has a potential for more detailed and accurate mapping with an effective image processing technique. Seven texture algorithms of second-order Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) with different scales (from 3×3 to 39×39) were used for texture generation. All texture parameters were classified step by step using a robust classifier "Artificial Neural Network (ANN)". Results indicate that single spectral band was unable to provide good result (overall accuracy = 34.92%), while higher overall classification accuracies (73.48%, 84.76% and 93.18%) were obtained when textural information from multi-scale and multi-texture approach were used in the classification algorithm.

Study of Critical Success Factors in Engineering Education Curriculum Development using Six-Sigma Methodology

Highly skilful and competent human capitals are critically needed to accelerate and contribute efficiently towards the development of technology in spearheading Malaysia's transformation agendas. As employability of graduates forms as one of the important Key Result Areas (KRA) of all Institutions of Higher Learning (IHL), active learners teaching methodologies is infused in the curriculum. However, rapid technological development has created an impact towards employment of graduates, which calls for an immediate redefining of current technical attributes to cultivate elements of creativity or “out of box” thinking approach. Hence, this study is to determine the critical success factors required in engineering education curriculum to produce engineering graduates of global minded workforce where adaptability to new conditions and creativity for innovations are much sought after by industries.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and human capital management trend in Malaysia's economic development

Testing for stationarity, cointegration and structural break for the ICT data are significant to determine Malaysia's economic growth. This article finds that the ICT follows similar trend as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), capital and employment data. The cointegration test suggests that ICT follows a long-run equilibrium in relation to GDP, capital and employment variables. The test for parameter instability for ICT indicates 1986 as the breakpoint, which is indicative of the structural transformation in Malaysia's economy. This is crucial finding as it provides more conclusive evidence on structural breakpoint in Malaysia's economic data, as opposed to noneconometric method. Human capital is synonymous to knowledge accumulation, thus significant in the development of the ICT and long-run economic growth.

The transformation from entrepreneurship to technology entrepreneurship development in Malaysia

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss Malaysia's industrial development since achieving its independence in 1957 to 2007. The industrial development in Malaysia has gradually shifted from mere trading type of activities to technology based entrepreneurial activities.Design/methodology/approachThe transformation of Malaysia's industrial development from entrepreneurship to technology entrepreneurship is studied by applying the World Bank framework introduced by Bessant et al. The improvised framework has eight key dimensions that are developed as the key activities of technology entrepreneurship to assess the presence of technology entrepreneurship activity during the study period.FindingsThe initiation of the government's heavy industrialization drive in the 1980s had given rise to the growth of the manufacturing sector, and consequently, the implementation of public policies and government programmes in the 1990s have led to the shift of the economy from labor intensive manufacturing to high technology with higher value added activities. The findings thus indicate that the government's effort and support through the implementation of different policies and various state‐led programmes have basically driven Malaysia's entrepreneurial activities to be technology oriented.Research limitations/implicationsAs for the limitation, it is represented by the difficulties in identifying the key technology entrepreneurship activities and using them to analyze the entrepreneurship development at the macro level. Having analyzed at the macro level, this study hopes to contribute to the policy makers in drafting the government policies strategically so as to foster the growth of technology entrepreneurship in Malaysia generally, and to develop capabilities in particular industrial sectors.Originality/valueThe paper provides an overview of the industrial development in Malaysia as a background to the discussion on the transformation to technology entrepreneurship development.