Institutional Transformation Research Articles

Fiscal and Monetary Policy Interaction Post Indonesian Institutional Transformation: Vector Autoregression Approach

Fiscal and Monetary Policy Interaction Post Indonesian Institutional Transformation: Vector Autoregression Approach

How Institutional Economics May Support the Analysis of Individual and Collective Capabilities

ABSTRACT The analysis in this article starts from the recognition that institutions make an important part of the Capability Approach, as conversion factors from resources to capabilities and as affecting agency. The tradition of Old Institutional Economics is critical of the neoclassical view of the individual and agency and emphasises the importance of social context. Hence, there is some common ground between the Capability Approach (CA) and Old Institutional Economics (OIE). The purpose of this article is to explore how insights from OIE might enrich the CA both conceptually and empirically. This may be done for individual capabilities as well as for collective capabilities. A better understanding of collective resource-institutions and collective agency-institutions will also contribute to the analysis of capability expansion in the community economy through collective productive capabilities in commons, cooperatives and mutuals. The conclusion is that an understanding of institutions in the tradition of OIE may help to clarify the relationships between social norms and agency; complement the notion of constrained choice with enabling institutions; and point at how institutional transformation may support individual and collective capability expansion.

An Exploratory-Descriptive Analysis of Training Programs for Leadership in Health Research and Services in India.

There are several leadership training programs for health researchers in India. However, there is a need to develop context-tailored leadership and mentoring approaches. The objective of the study is to critically analyze the available leadership training programs in India for health researchers and service providers, for the leadership domains incorporated and overall training approaches. We used an exploratory-descriptive design to identify and review leadership training programs for health researchers and service providers/managers that had been offered by Indian institutions between 2013 and 2018. Our analytic approach was based on "transformational leadership" and "leader-member exchange" theories of leadership, curricula of popular leadership training programs worldwide, and the International Clinical Epidemiology Network model for leadership in health research in India based on a nationwide primary study. We identified and reviewed 20 leadership training programs. These were heterogeneous in aim, scope (broad-based/thematic), course content, design, target participants and class profile, mode of delivery and training method, duration, frequency, and fund arrangements. The programs infrequently included topics on soft skills, mentoring, risk mitigation, collaboration for research, funding dynamics, institutional transformation, self-view and peer perception, and personal well-being. The programs insufficiently addressed contextual challenges of career exploration and risk mitigation, project management, strategic planning, and decision-making, ethics and integrity, negotiations, networking and collaboration, understanding funding dynamics, and mentoring. Only three programs linked to the training to the participants' ecosystem. There is a need to develop customized course contents and training strategies that address the requirements of the local context vis-à-vis globally connected research ecosystems.

Obésité de type complexe : à la jonction entre obésité développementale et réactionnelle

ContextWhether medical or surgical, the management of obesity faces significant resistance to weight loss. In this context, Bruch's work (1973) on the concepts of developmental and reactive obesity is foundational for clinical practice. However, in the most severe cases of obesity, these concepts can be reductionist and can limit the complexity observed when caring for these patients. These questions are particularly present in hospital services that handle third-level care, especially in Specialized Obesity Centers. ObjectivesUsing a clinical vignette, we will illustrate the utility of the concept of complex obesity and emphasize the therapeutic challenges in the management of patients requiring third-level care, as defined by the Health Authority. MethodIn the context of research on obesity and trauma, we present a clinical vignette of a patient treated in a specialized obesity service. We rely on data collected during clinical research interviews. ResultsThis singular case highlights the challenge regularly faced by clinicians in differentiating developmental and reactive types of obesity. Indeed, listening to the life stories of patients with severe obesity often reveals a construction of this chronic disease through successive layers. Thus, including patients in a single typology would overlook fundamental aspects involved in the onset of their obesity. Faced with this difficulty, we suggest introducing the notion of complex obesity, which would precisely account for situations at the intersection between developmental and reactive obesity. The relevance of developing this third typology becomes clinically meaningful, allowing questioning of the proposed accompaniments, particularly for level 3 interventions. ConclusionThe use of this third typology is now necessary to consider issues of resistance to weight loss and to highlight the complexity of the psychogenic origin of this disease in interdisciplinary exchanges. These reflections also question the relevance of treatments that prioritize urgent weight loss. Thus, we emphasize the importance of focusing on individuals’ intrapsychic functioning of and on promoting long-term historical work. Finally, we propose several perspectives to address the challenges encountered in the transformations of hospital and healthcare institutions in France, and suggest research perspectives to demonstrate the long-term effectiveness of a comprehensive approach to individuals with obesity.

INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE DIRECTION OF INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STATE POLICY OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION

The article analyzes modern features of state policy in the field of critical infrastructure protection. Attention is focused on the need for institutional transformations in the direction of improving efficiency, transparency, responsibility and responding to new security challenges in the conditions of a hybrid war with the Russian Federation.
 The practice of protecting critical infrastructure facilities in developed countries has been studied. It was determined that its priority is the actualization of the predicate of stability of critical infrastructure objects. The content of normative and legal acts of Ukraine in this area was analyzed. A number of provisions have been identified that allow the adjustment of the domestic security doctrine to the European vector of stability.
 Within the perspective of the development of the concept of sustainability, the intention of «critical infrastructure stakeholders» is substantiated. This opens up the prospects of creating transparent conditions for ensuring the annihilation of state institutions of power, state protection systems, the private sector, educational and scientific institutions and other stakeholders of critical infrastructure to the National System of Critical Infrastructure Protection at the next levels of management. The possible levels of such cooperation are determined.
 Modern scientific works were analyzed, which studied the prospects of changing the paradigm of protection and stability to the paradigm of resilience. The complex of institutional transformations is proposed to be expanded due to the application within the framework of the functioning of the National Critical Infrastructure Protection System of the process of determining and analyzing the range of risks that the country faces in the spheres of critical infrastructure functioning. The transformation of institutional protection systems is considered through the prism of systemic determinants, among which physical protection and defense, cyber protection and defense, preventive measures of protection and defense, and an educational and scientific approach are highlighted.
 The system of organization at the state level of conducting regular interdisciplinary trainings on the operational response to emergency situations at facilities has been studied. It is proposed to increase clarity in the delineation of responsibility for project threats and to strengthen control over compliance with the systematicity of interdisciplinary training. On the basis of the extrapolations of scientists' hypotheses and the results of the author's research, a proposal was made to systematize the main proposals for institutional transformations in the direction of increasing the effectiveness of the state policy for the protection of critical infrastructure in the form of a Preventive concept of resilience of critical infrastructure objects.

Глобальная система здравоохранения: основные черты и особенности

The article is devoted to the problem of understanding global health as a multidimensional political phenomenon. It is shown that global health system is a political-institutional and managerial model that involves the transformation of principles, institutions and practices of international cooperation in the field of public health, taking into account the current crisis trends of planetary development and current threats of the 21st century. The authors argue that the implementation of a system approach in the process of studying global health as a complex configuration involves the allocation of three levels of analysis of its specifics and structural organization: conceptual-semantic (doctrinal), institutional-organizational and func-tional-practical.

ФЕНОМЕН ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-СЕТЕВОЙ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ДЛЯ СУДЕБНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ В ВУЗЕ

The problem of information-network socialization of the judicial system’s specialists is of great concern and relevance in the face of the technologically advanced reality. The relevance of the announced theme is grounded on: (1) employers’ changing expectations and increased identity requirements for a specialist for the judiciary in the context of new technological trends; (2) the tendency to regulating the specialists’ adaptation and the competitiveness of the judiciary of the RF on the employment market in the XXI century; (3) the urgency of establishing socialization mechanisms for the future judicial community in the light of a transformation of socialization institutions and the introduction of new its types; (4) the need to uncover the particularities of new types of socialization in order to work out effective algorithms for their formation during vocational training. The objective of the research is to examine the phenomenon of information-network socialization of the judicial system’s specialists in the light of professional training in higher education. Materials and Methods. The stated goal required the application of the principles of dialectical logic and system approach to the research. In consideration of the application of these methods: (1) the primary reasons for the origin of a new type of socialization are revealed; (2) the name of the new type of socialization is justified taking into account the information-network orientation; (3) the authors’ definition of information-network socialization is proposed; (4) the particularity of a new type of socialization is disclosed; (5) the mechanism of information- network socialization formation is determined, which complements the doctrine of personnel training for the judiciary in the XXI century. The primary importance of the study is due to the fact that the obtained results not only concretize the interpretation of the studied concepts, but also expand the horizons of the theory of information socialization and university didactics in the light of new technological trends.

Inclusive Education in the Context of Ethnocultural Diversity: Understanding the Process of Exclusion in Order to Act in the School – A Secondary Publication

This issue reveals that the implementation of inclusive education is an unfinished challenge, both within the system and for individual self-improvement. This process of changing practices, by continually questioning the school’s responsibility for the (re)production of inequalities, exclusion, and unequal social relations, is riddled with obstacles, unpredictable situations, and strong emotions. In particular, the researchers point out that many systemic mechanisms of school culture contribute to replicating and reifying hierarchical school experiences and exacerbating processes of institutional discrimination against immigrant backgrounds and/or racialized students. The empirical research presented also highlights the deficit thinking of school staff toward immigrant students and their parents. The results show that staff tend to use linguistic and cultural gaps between students and the school system to explain academic failure. Be that as it may, the researchers as well as the school actors and students interviewed in this issue suggest fertile ways to improve inclusion in the school context, stressing the importance of giving voice to the various actors to move toward institutional transformation.

Transformations of the Family Institution in the Perception of Student Youth in the South of Russia

Introduction. The family, being one of the most important social institutions, is subject to significant changes that occur in society and in its social organization. However, the direction of family transformations does not immediately become obvious, which actualizes their scientific understanding on the basis of sociological measurements. The purpose of the article is to identify the attitude of student youth in the South of Russia to the nature of the transformations taking place in the modern institution of the family and, on their basis, to formulate generalizing conclusions and recommendations. The importance of such research is determined by the special role of the student social group in ensuring the sustainability of society and in shaping its future appearance. Materials and Methods. The object of the study was student youth of the South of Russia. The empirical basis of the study was the results of a survey of full-time students at 13 universities and university branches in the South of Russia (Rostov Region, Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories) based on a representative sample (n = 639). The questionnaire survey method made it possible to identify some of the students’ attitudes and aspirations regarding the institutional state of the family. The conceptual basis of the study was the constructivist approach, which considers the most important theoretical meanings and trajectories of the process of family transformation (crisis and modernist) as social constructs that influence students’ perception of the direction of development of the family institution. Results. Analysis of the collected empirical material shows a certain duality in the position of student youth in the South of Russia in determining priority trajectories for the development of the family institution. This is evidenced by students’ perception of the crisis and modernist constructs of family transformation through the analysis of their main indicators (the state of attractiveness of a family-child lifestyle; attitude to the dominance of having few children and having one child; perception of childfreeness; attitude to divorce and cohabitation, etc.). The survey also revealed a certain predominance among students of negative assessments of the influence of individualistic value sentiments on the institutional stability of the family. Discussion and Conclusion. Using the example of the southern region of Russia, the conclusion was confirmed that the worldview, socio-economic and information-cognitive state of society influences the priority of perception of various trajectories of transformation of the family institution (crisis and modernization). The attitude of students to semantic indicators of their perception is ambiguous. This is largely due to the heterogeneity of value orientations in our society. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that it made it possible to identify the opinion of student youth about their attitude to the current state of the family institution and the prospects for its development. The results obtained may be useful to scientists studying this issue, as well as practitioners forming and implementing youth policy.

Российская модернизация в контексте социокультурного дискурса

Solving the problems of modernization of Russia includes not only the transformation of basic economic, social, and political institutions, but also profound changes in the socio-cultural sphere of society, the formation of a value-normative complex adequate to modernity. This section of the modernization theme is the subject of socio-cultural discourse, the analysis of the methodological specifics of which is devoted to this article. The author focuses on the differences between the versions of socio-cultural modernization of Russia in comparison with the concept of "multiple modernity", showing its methodological potential in solving the problems of modernization of non-Western societies.

Institutional Transformation of Proactive Environmental Characteristics of State Procurement into Imperative Ones: The Regional Case

Ensuring sustainable economic development, environmental protection, and conservation of natural resources are the top priorities of the new edition of the "National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation". One key aspect highlighted in the strategy is the significance of green public procurement, which plays a crucial role in reducing the environmental impact of human activities and promoting environmentally responsible behavior among companies. The lack of established regulatory mechanisms and the ongoing debates surrounding the concept of "green procurement" have prompted the research objective of identifying the factors influencing the successful implementation of green public procurement through econometric modeling. The goal is to assess how well public contractors are currently implementing green procurement practices and to develop strategies to enhance their adherence to these practices by 2023, particularly within the Southern Federal District. An analysis of existing literature has revealed gaps in scientific knowledge, particularly in the realm of comparing the actualization of green economy institutions in regional strategies and monitoring the implementation of green procurement within the Southern Federal District. These research issues will guide the comparative assessment of green economy institutions, monitoring of green procurement practices, and structuring of data within the study. The study will rely on statistical data obtained from the Unified Information System for procurement, using keywords related to the environmental sustainability of purchased goods to analyze the trends in green public procurement practices. Through this research, recommendations for the institutional transformation of green procurement practices into a must-follow standard for public contractors will be developed.

Inclusive Education in the Context of Ethnocultural Diversity: Understanding the Process of Exclusion to Act in the School — A Secondary Publication

This paper reveals that the implementation of inclusive education is an unfinished challenge, both within the system and for individual self-improvement. This process of changing practices, by continually questioning the school’s responsibility for the (re)production of inequalities, exclusion, and unequal social relations, is riddled with obstacles, unpredictable situations, and strong emotions. In particular, the researchers point out that many systemic mechanisms of school culture contribute to replicating and reifying hierarchical school experiences and exacerbating processes of institutional discrimination against immigrant backgrounds and/or racialized students. The empirical research presented also highlights the school staff’s deficit thinking toward immigrant students and their parents. The results show that staff tend to use linguistic and cultural gaps between students and the school system to explain academic failure. Be that as it may, the researchers as well as the school actors and students interviewed in this paper suggest multiple ways to improve inclusion in the school context, stressing the importance of giving voice to the various actors in order to move toward institutional transformation.

ЦИФРОВЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ В АГРОБИЗНЕСЕ: ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ МОНИТОРИНГА ЗЕРНОВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА В УСЛОВИЯХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИННОВАЦИЙ

The active penetration of digital technologies into human economic activity objectively poses the task of forming an informational space and a new technological base across the entire economic space of society. The appearance of key sectors of the national economy is changing, with an increasing portion of business processes moving into the digital environment, thereby forming a barrier-free character of exchange and consumption relationships. Among the sectors of the domestic economy, the agricultural sector (AIC) has the highest rates of digital activity growth in recent years, with its indicator in 2023 amounting to 200% relative to the average level across the economy – 131% (compared with 2016), indicating the beginning of fundamental transformations within the mode of production. The leader of the AIC is the production of grain and its processing products, collectively accounting for more than a third of the total volume of the agri-food market, hence the processes of digital solutions penetration into grain production require close attention. The key business process of grain production is the monitoring of all its elements, ensuring the quality and timeliness of management decisions at each level of added value production. The spread of business models based on digital technologies requires a new methodology of platform solutions not only at the level of technological adaptation but also restructuring, modification of established ways of conducting agribusiness, and significant organizational changes. Systematization of digital solutions approaches shows that the use of artificial intelligence significantly accelerates the digital transformation of grain production; however, for a widespread transition to intelligent monitoring methods of grain production, a number of objective conditions must be met, among them: data handling, the ability to choose a computer vision model, creation of neural network architecture, organization of training for personnel capable of making decisions on digital platforms, and the formation of corresponding psychological-behavioral client content. The implementation of these conditions, based on ongoing institutional transformations, is capable of ensuring stable growth of grain production, reducing its energy intensity, and preparing personnel with digital economy competencies.

Transformation of child welfare Institutions in Bandung, West Java: A case of deinstitutionalization in Indonesia

The enactment of the National Standard of Care for Child Welfare Institutions in 2011 signifies Indonesia's commitment to deinstitutionalization by guiding the transformation of the country’s Child Welfare Institutions, from facility-based childcare homes or orphanages, to centers of community-based children and family services. Yet, evidence of this transformation of Child Welfare Institutions is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the state of transformation of the child welfare service providers for neglected children in the City of Bandung as a parameter to understand the progress of the deinstitutionalization process in Indonesia.Fifty child welfare service providers (Child Welfare Institutions and government child protection services) operating in Bandung participated in an online survey. Cluster analysis of organizational data combined with an analysis of responses to hypothetical scenarios of children at risk of family separation, grouped service providers into; (i) medium to large, faith-based, non-government Child Welfare Institutions that primarily provide privately funded institutional care services at the Bandung level (50%), (ii) small, secular, non-government Child Welfare Institutions and government child protection services that primarily deliver family support services at the Bandung level (26%) and (iii) medium to large, secular, non-government Child Welfare Institutions that deliver privately funded institutional care and other family support services at the provincial level (24%). While there is evidence of deinstitutionalization activity in Bandung, the large number and relative size of privately operated Child Welfare Institutions suggests a high dependency on institutional care to meet children's general welfare needs.The cluster analysis also indicates limited government funding and the missions of religious organizations as possible constraints on system transformation. Further research is needed to understand the enablers and barriers to transforming the system from predominantly institutional care to a continuum of services in the context of deinstitutionalization in Bandung.

Escalating uncertainties require institutional transformation to support epistemological pluralism

Escalating uncertainties require institutional transformation to support epistemological pluralism

Exploring the Path of “Project Team Style” Faculty Development for Applied Undergraduate Programs

Applied undergraduate education plays a crucial role in higher education, serving as a key platform for nurturing innovative talents. However, the lack of practical and innovative skills among teachers in applied undergraduate programs, who primarily come directly from academic institutions, hinders the cultivation of students' abilities in these areas. This limitation also affects the professional growth of teachers. The Internet of Things engineering program at Guangdong Institute of Science and Technology has successfully implemented a 'project team type' teacher training approach over three years, yielding positive outcomes. By utilizing diversified integration within project teams, this model fosters collective team development. Such a model holds significant value in enhancing the quality of applied undergraduate faculty and driving the transformation and advancement of local undergraduate institutions.

Institutional Change and Compliance in Forest Landscape Restoration Governance: Insights from the Western Highlands of Cameroon

ABSTRACT The debate regarding whether, in sub-Saharan Africa, exogenous 1 and endogenous institutions 2 have witnessed significant changes to facilitate contemporary Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) processes remains inconclusive. Additionally, there is insufficient knowledge of their compliance levels. To address these lacunae, we used content analysis of policy documents, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and expert interviews to examine the evolution of FLR-linked exogenous and endogenous institutions and their compliance levels in rural Cameroon. Using thematic and content analyses hinged on a hybrid endogenous-cum-exogenous institutional analytical lens; we conclude that in Cameroon’s FLR context, exogenous institutions have transitioned from focusing solely on forest plantation establishment to encompass natural/artificial regeneration and agroforestry. More recent approaches have incorporated FLR financing mechanisms, capacity building, collaboration, and research. However, the significant exogenous institutional transformation does not necessarily imply higher compliance. Future studies should unravel actors’ interests and power dynamics that potentially shape compliance with institutions in FLR.

Actors mainstreaming nature-based solutions in cities: A case study of Melbourne’s change agents and pathways for urban sustainability transformations

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are implemented across multiple cities worldwide and feature as promising solutions in local and global agendas. As solutions that can deal with interlinked urban challenges, NBS are being taken up by cities in different geographies and are considered to be mainstreaming. The process, referred to as mainstreaming, and how this can be achieved needs to be better understood, which is identified as a research gap. In this paper, we examine the roles that actors can undertake that contribute to the mainstreaming of NBS in cities. The aim is to understand the roles that urban actors, especially those within local governments, assume in the process of NBS mainstreaming to mobilise and implement novel and innovative strategic solutions for cities. This topic is explored in a case study of the metropolitan Melbourne region in Australia, where urban forest strategies are gaining traction in local governments for addressing urban resilience concerns. We present how the roles different actors assume contribute to the (re)shaping, building, and/or transformation of institutions to attain climate and ecologically resilient cities. The main contribution of this paper is a pathways framework that illustrates how sustainability norms can move through the mainstreaming process, facilitated by the roles that actors undertake – to champion, advocate, and realise transformative discourses and actions within urban politics and urban practices. Our key findings are framed as success factors of mainstreaming agencies and pathways underpinning transformation, which are: commitment longevity, innovative capacity, collaborative mindset, and on-ground delivery.

Challenges and Strategies in Adopting Google Workspace for Education: Perspectives from Educational Leaders in Indonesia

Effective educational technology adoption and implementation have become crucial for educational institutions in the digital transformation era. However, this study aims to identify the challenges faced by educational leaders in adopting and implementing Google Workspace for Education in educational institutions, as well as strategies to address these challenges. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews and specially designed spreadsheets to gather perspectives and data from 70 educational foundation leaders and school principals in Indonesia. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data. The findings revealed challenges such as mindset change, technological barriers, collaboration issues, and resource constraints in adopting Google Workspace for Education. The study identified six strategies to overcome these challenges, including supervising teachers' work, enhancing participation in training, fostering collaboration among teachers, monitoring and evaluating usage, preparing supportive infrastructure, and gaining support from school leaders. This research provides insights into the perceptions and strategies of educational leaders in adopting and implementing Google Workspace for Education, contributing to a deeper understanding of the digital transformation in educational institutions and its implications for educational technology development in Indonesia.

Preservation of writing sources as part of cultural heritage and information resource of the country in the digital era

The integration of the country into the processes of digitalization and the emerging information landscape requires significant attention to solving problems and implementing a set of systemic measures to ensure the preservation of document collections as part of the country's cultural heritage. The relevance of the research presented by the author is to generalize the trends of digital transformation of cultural institutions, in particular their document arrays, focused on improving the quality of user service, ensuring the safety of document collections, increasing the possibilities of distributing information about collections, exhibits outside the cultural institution, providing operational access to remote resources.