Transcultural Aspects Research Articles

Witold Gombrowicz we współczesnej Argentynie: ślady, artefakty, afekty

The article describes the transcultural aspects and affective ways of perceiving the work of Witold Gombrowicz in contemporary Argentina. Source documents (such as the residence card documenting the writer’s arrival to Argentina) as well as pop- -cultural images of the writer in Argentinian culture, visual field, and urban space are investigated. According to Wolfgang Welsch, Gombrowicz’s transculturality is founded on placing himself between Polish and Argentinian cultures, based on “artifacts of memory.”

Making Nations Great Again: National Narcissism and the Left, the Right, and the Extreme in the European Context

Considering current world politics, investigating people’s tendency to believe in the greatness of their nation contingent on external validation seems ever so relevant. Thus, we examined the relationship between the direction and extremity of political orientation and national narcissism (NN) on European quota-representative samples (N = 15,882). Although the relationships between ideological extremity and NN were established, they were much weaker than the positive relationship between political orientation and NN. Testing for model invariance across Western and Eastern European samples suggested differences in the predictive strength of political orientation on NN, with a weaker association in Eastern Europe. Further analyses, including a quadratic examination of political ideology’s relation to NN, supported the rigidity-of-the-right hypothesis, highlighting the stronger presence of NN among right-leaning individuals. This pattern persisted despite varying European socio-cultural backgrounds, suggesting a transcultural aspect of NN within the political right spectrum. Our research underscores the importance of considering socio-political context when assessing the interplay between political ideology and NN, setting a starting point for further, more nuanced research.

A transcultural approach: mapping cosmopolitanism in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth (2000)

This paper aims to probe into the transcultural aspect of White Teeth by Zadie Smith. Under transculturalism, cosmopolitanism is pivotal in transcending ethnographic and cultural borders. Zadie Smith’s avant-garde effort to acknowledge people around the globe about the perks of a communal society is phenomenal. Her novel addresses thematic concerns of immigration, postcolonial conflicts, globalization, multiculturalism, and identity. Previously, her novel was read and discussed as a postcolonial text. However, this research paves the way to re-read it through a liberal lens and delineates the cosmopolitan approach proposed by Kwame Anthony Appiah. The novel invites readers to consider the complexities of living in a world where cultures intersect, clash, and coexist. This article explains the relationship between the main characters in addition to the bildungsroman of the second generation. The generational differences within families highlight the evolving nature of cosmopolitanism as the characters attempt to reconcile their heritage with their present circumstances. Zadie Smith’s technique of inter-narrativity rekindles hope in global citizens to build a transcultural society together. The article directs the audience to see beyond the postcolonial intrusions and accept intercultural changes as challenges needed to move and grow in this era of globalization.

Spiritual Art in the Context of Transdisciplinarity and Transculturalism

This paper deals with the emergence and meaning of the term spiritual in modern, postmodern, and contemporary art with a particular focus on its transdisciplinary and transcultural aspects. The problem develops because of the hitherto neglected involvement of the spiritual in the development and expansion of the modernity program in recent European art history, with a particular focus on recent research redirected from traditional positions of national context to the transformation of visual language and transcultural character of some movements in modern art. This work covers the meaning and development of transdisciplinary spiritual art, the non-national character of its production, and the internationalization of its practice, focusing on the link with the reduction, abstraction, and tendencies of media dematerialization. It concludes with a review of innovative aspects of spiritual art and its apolitical character in times of intense social change.

KHMER ART SAMPLINGS: IDEOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF INDIAN KNOWLEDGE THROUGH HINDU DIVINITIES

The importance of the medieval art history of Southeast Asia is still a virgin site, which needs to be explored with multi-disciplinary approach and methodology. The transcultural aspects between India and Southeast Asia from ancient to late medieval period cannot be contemplated through a single medium, it need to be analyzed from various angles through religious sources, philosophical materials and visual contents. The main focus of the present study is on interlinks of religious arts. Few iconographical sample forms from the various monuments of Angkor are taken for critical analysis, such as Śeṣaśāyī, Vamana, Kāḷiyamardana and Dance of Śiva. The common designs in iconographic cornice will have to be recognized in comparative religious studies, getting beyond the shackles of spirituality if we are to discover the ancient heritages. There is no much deviation in representation of the Buddhist and Hindu imagery in India and Southeast Asia but the localization is visually sensed. The cultural links of ancient Indian Knowledge System between Southeast Asia, China and Japan is entangled in the annals of the history.

Putovanje kroz srednje godine - lični i kolektivni aspekti

This paper deals with the changes and challenges inflicted upon an individual entering midlife period. This developmental stage is often recognized as a crisis. It requires engaging in a process of introspection and confrontation with certain limitations that, if accepted, could lead to a more complete and meaningful life. We observe midlife through the process of individuation as the core point of Jung's psychology. We deal with not only personal but also collective i.e. cultural aspects of midlife transition. We take into consideration three phases through which this process could be described and understood: the phase of separation, liminality and reintegration. Throughout this paper, we also follow the archetypal i.e. universal, transcultural aspect of these manifestations by analysing of two myths: the myth of Hermes and Apollo and the myth of Persephone and Demeter. The symbolism and the narrative of these myths could be understood as a metaphorical description of midlife transition. We observe them as liminal, creative and transformational processes leading us to a connection with deeper, transpersonal and collective layers of psyche. The resolution of the midlife crisis can lead to not only more complete psychological but also spiritual development.

THE INTERNATIONAL “COOPERATIVE CODE” COMPARISON OF TRANSCULTURAL COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES OF EUROPEAN COOPERATIVES IN GERMANY AND AUSTRIA IN THE RAIFFEISEN YEAR 2018

The International Raiffeisen Year was celebrated in 2018. More than 22 million people in Germany are members of a cooperative, and there are more than 900,000 cooperatives worldwide. They create more than 100 million jobs. Today, they are a driving force for economic and social development, above all on a regional level [Böhnke 2018]. The scientific treatment of the transcultural component of the cooperative idea is below average. The current development of cultural studies in modern societies shows that post-colonial transformation and international interdependence as a result of globalization poses a challenge to coexistence in transcultural societies. Raiffeisen’s cooperative idea – which is more than 200 years old – can help to solve current transcultural problems and enable conviviality, the core idea of transculturality. In addition, the cooperative approach, which works separately from religion, can fill cultural-theoretical gaps (there is also no solution of Wolfgang Welsch to problems of different religious backgrounds). In this context, this paper deals with a partial aspect of transculturality – the transcultural communication. To commemorate Raiffeisen’s idea, the Raiffeisen and Cooperative Associations in the German-speaking countries of Germany and Austria launched communica- tion campaigns to raise public awareness of the subject of cooperatives and the co- operative idea that goes back to the original founder Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen. A scholarly examination of the transcultural aspect with regard to the differences and parallels of communication has not yet taken place. An examination of the orientation of the cooperative or Raiffeisen associations in Germany and Austria is advisable, since Raiffeisen himself spoke German and the cooperative idea gained its fastest support in the region of Germany, Austria and Switzerland from a historical point of view [Prof. Dr. Matheus 2018 / Editing: Dr. Engelen 2018].

Transcultural aspects in the treatment of posttraumatic and situational distress among middle eastern refugees

The increasing size of displaced populations seeking protection in third countries, should be considered in public health and especially in Psychotherapy in that countries. Refugees from the Middle East, usually from collective cultures, require special skills and modifications in the treatment setting. The cultural formulation (CF) of illness and suffering, as described in the recent version of medical standard manuals, is part of this challenge. Besides bridging cultures, the specific nature of trauma, especially highly complex issues such as a genocidal environment, - in our case example - the both transgenerational and the immediate persecution experienced by the Yazidi ethnic and religious minority - the therapist must also consider aspects of distress caused by displacement and exile. The article discusses the needed adaptations in the therapeutic setting, using the case of a Yezidi woman surviving ISIS violence abduction. Within the framework of our treatment, she received cognitive behavioral therapy with individual and group therapies (multimodal interventions) over a period of 10 weeks. Besides establishing stability, safety and orientation and strengthening her self-consciousness, her traumatic experiences were considered from an individual, collective, socio - cultural and political point of view. Both the causes and maintaining conditions of the symptoms as well as the symptoms themselves are being worked on. The sensitive confrontation with the trauma was particularly helpful for the patient. In addition, she learned to participate actively in everyday life and in new social contacts again during therapy. She was able to overcome the passive - avoidant lifestyle since the traumatic event in a somewhat stable manner, although she will still need time to develop a stable perspective in the long term. She was offered the prospect of renewed follow-up treatment if necessary.

"The Black Man" by Sergei Yesenin: Motive-figurative Constants and Artistic Genealogy (Mystical Aspect)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the last poem by the bright representative of the Silver Age of Russian poetry Sergey Yesenin. The poem "The Black Man" is not only and not so much the poet's confession before his death, but the result of the poet's work, the logical, albeit tragic, completion of his artistic and life searches. The article examines the key images and motifs of the Yesenin poem in trans-literary and trans-cultural aspects, including references to medieval mysticism, mediated by the Russian literary tradition of the XIX-early XX century. The reception of mystical experience in the artistic world of Yesenin takes place through a rethinking of the traditions of Orthodox spirituality, the European Christian worldview and the romantic picture of the world.

„…читая в ногу души прекрасные порывы”: смех аутсайдера и русский ХХ век в Неизвестных письмах Олега Юрьева

The paper deals with the specifics of outsiders’ laughter in the book Unknown letters (Неизвестные письма/Unbekannte Briefe, Russian 2014, German 2017) by a Russian-German writer Oleg Yuryev. In particular, it analyzes how Russian cultural and historical traumas of the 20th century were reinterpreted in the book from the perspective of an ironical outsider. In doing so, it focuses on a fictional letter by the writer Leonid Dobychin, which is contextualized with fictional letters of Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz and Ivan Pryzhov, representing previous historical and cultural periods. Yuryev’s ironic reflections on the Russian historical reality and literary scene of the 20th century manifest themselves at different levels, from the positioning of outsiders’ laughter in relation to the official and marginal hierarchies of the literary canon to the postmodernist play with the traditions of literary classics. In addition, the paper addresses the inter- and/or transcultural aspect of outsiders’ laughter in Yuryev’s book.

Transcultural Aspect of Mental Health Care

Culture is not simply the aggregate of individual traits but a more or less coherent system of shared meanings, institutions and practices (i.e. beliefs, attitudes and values). It is a repository of meaningful symbols that structure experience both implicitly and through explicit models. Culture shapes how and what psychiatric symptoms are expressed, influences the meanings that are given to symptoms and impacts the interaction between the patient and the health care system. Explanatory models are the ways in which individuals in different cultures see the core reasons of their suffering. The DSM-5 cultural formulation interview is developed to be used as clinical instrument and valuable tool. It is evident that phenomena such as the increasing migratory flows and the globalisation of prevailing social criteria referred to the economy, trade, religion and the perception and the attribution of the causes of disease have determined a shift in the world cultural balance that have direct repercussions on World Mental Health. More specifically, it needs to be seen how the transcultural differences in the personality configurations and psychological operations can be correlated with the cross-cultural differences in psychopathology to arrive at an understanding of these. Furthermore, understanding the central role of culture of mental health and illness must, therefore, be central to any vision of the future of psychiatry. In this presentation transcultural aspects of mental health care in psychiatry will be highlighted and discussed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Frankophone Jugendliteratur im Französischunterricht der Sekundarstufe I. Simon Boulerices Le dernier qui sort éteint la lumière

Given the limited language competence of young L3-learners, the range of possible literature in French classes is very limited. The article presents the example of the young French Canadian writer Simon Boulerice and his novel Le dernier qui sort éteint la lumière in order to show how young learners could read and discuss selected parts of this novel in class. By focusing on transcultural aspects of the Quebec area, a task-based learning approach allows secondary pupils at B1-level to read the text, to learn about the intersectional complexity of life, and, hopefully, this motivates them to continue reading.

НІМЕЦЬКА МОВА ТА ЇЇ НОСІЇ В УКРАЇНІ: ВІД ВИТОКІВ ДО СЬОГОДЕННЯ

The article analyzes the influence of Germans and the German language in Ukraine on Ukrainian culture, language and literature. It traces the stages of replenishment of the Ukrainian vocabulary with German vocabulary. German-speaking writers also made a significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian literature. German remains one of the leading foreign languages in Ukraine. Preservation of German (German-speaking) cultural heritage in Ukraine and its study can serve as an example for the promotion of other languages and cultures. The article presents a modified three- level model of possible relations between different cultures proposed by W. Welsh. There have been outlined multicultural, intercultural and transcultural aspects of such relations. In Ukraine, it is formed by the coexistence of different in content and forms ethnic cultures (multicultural aspect), which, despite the differences, under the pressure of social, socioeconomic factors interact (intercultural aspect). In addition, there is another dimension - transcultural, which involves not so much mixing elements of different cultures and eliminating the boundaries between national cultures, as the possibility of the existence of a certain culture not only within individual national entities, but also adopting transcultural elements. In particular, it allows into consideration as part of the Ukrainian cultural heritage the works of all those artists who, due to various life circumstances, were forced to leave their home country and create abroad still being part of its culture.

Transculturality through Industrial Space: Cembengan at the Colomadu Sugar Factory

The research aimed to explain Cembengan celebrations held at the Colomadu sugar factory, Karanganyar which was built in 1861. This celebration was held every time the factory would start milled processing sugar cane into sugar. The word “cembeng” itself came from the Chinese word “Cengbeng”, which was a ritual to commemorate deceased ancestors. Cengbeng was held every April 5th by cleaning graves and placing food and prayer tools such as incense and candles. Meanwhile, the Cembengan tradition itself as a ritual also commemorated the ancestors, but its function had turned into a ritual to start the production process at a sugar factory. This ritual was considered important so that it was carried out continuously for hundreds of years in a Javanese industrial space. This ritual was also attended by Dutch officials when it was still under the control of the Dutch East Indies. The research investigated the intersection between space, capital, and culture, which formed an ‘invented tradition’. The method used was through historicity approach and analyzed the relationship between space and the formation of Cembengan tradition in the Colomadu sugar factory. The results show that the transcultural aspect no longer consults the origin but rather cultural practices that merge cultural boundaries.

The Balance Model in Russian and Chinese Culture: Preliminary Study and Comparative Analysis

This article focuses on the transcultural aspects of the Peseschkian Balance Model. The goal was to conduct a preliminary study of the balance models of Russian and Chinese respondents, to carry out quantitative characteristics of the balance model of the two groups and to compare out quantitative characteristics of the balance model of the Russian and Chinese sample group. Object of research: settlements in Russia and China according to N. Peseschkian ‘s balance model. Objectives: to form two control groups for the study; create a questionnaire in Russian and Chinese for conducting research; study the population model of China (Group 1) using a questionnaire; study the model of the population of Russia (Group 2) using a questionnaire; to carry out a comparative analysis of quantitative indicators of Group 1 and Group 2 in four areas of the balance model N. Peseschkian. It was measured the quantitative parameters of the four spheres of the balance model of Group 1 and Group 2 and compared the quantitative parameters. It was found that the sphere of meanings and the sphere of contacts are quantitatively differ little in Group 1 and Group 2, and in the spheres of activity and the sphere of the body there are significant quantitative differences Group 1 and Group 2. Detailed results of the study were displayed in tables and diagrams.

Bohdan Kravtsiv as a translator of Rainer Maria Rilke's poetry

The paper presents a modified three-level model of possible relations between different cultures proposed by W. Welsh. There have been outlined multicultural, intercultural and transcultural aspects of such relations. The model is exemplified by the translations of Bohdan Kravtsiv. Life circumstances forced Kravtsiv to leave Ukraine and spend his life abroad. He had to work on his translations in different countries and cultures. Just like other cultures influenced his way of thinking, life experience and poetic creativity, due to his political, social, poetic, and translation activities, he himself influenced the cultures he was immersed in and where he was involved in the creative activity. Remoteness from Ukraine did not make the poet and translator break off his relations with his home country. In the Diaspora he did his best to help Ukrainians, replenish the poetic translations of the Ukrainian literature, retain memories of the repressed poets, enrich Ukrainian cultural heritage (transcultural aspect). The language personality of Bohdan Kravtsiv as a translator is considered in terms of his translations of Rainer Maria Rilke's poetry. The structure of the language personality of the translator encompasses verbal, cognitive and pragmatic-motivational levels. The paper focuses on the analysis of Kravtsiv’s translations of Rilke's poems into Ukrainian. It has revealed Kravtsiv’s brilliant mastery of the poetic word. The translations of Rilke's poems performed by Kravtsiv testify to the translator's efforts to remain faithful to the form and content of the original. In spite of the different morphological and phonetic structures of German and Ukrainian, he succeeded in most cases. The translator’s individual style is marked by concise and euphonious translations, multiple new coinages and in-depth knowledge of the original works.

The transculturality in the artwork of Josip Osti

Josip Osti (1945–2021) was a poet, a novelist, an essayist, a literary critic, a translator and an editor. He also wrote over twenty poetry collections. Born in Sarajevo, since 1990 he lived and worked in Slovenia. After he became a recognized poet in his homeland and one of the most important translators of Slovenian literature into Serbo-Croatian, since 1997 he began to write in Slovenian. Soon after, he receives most prestigious awards in Slovenia. The transcultural aspects of Josip Osti’s literary works, both poetry collections and novels, are in the scope of our attention. The author not only lyrically reflects on his transition from one language to another, what this process was like, what influenced him and found its expression in memorable artistic images, but also assesses his literary bilingualism in his prose texts and interviews. Our analysis of his poetry, especially taking into analysis his haikus, makes it possible to understand the peculiarities of Osti’s poetic work in a non-native language, that is, Slovenian. Another important component of the transculturality of Osti’s work is his comprehension of the spaces of Bosnia and Slovenia and of their unique interconnection.

Геоинформационные системы в популяционном анализе распространения депрессивных расстройств в Хабаровске

The research is devoted to the use of modern geoinformation technologies for the analysis of spatial medical and demographic data. On the example of the medical and ecological geoinformation system (MEGIS) of Khabarovsk the possibilities of geoinformation technologies in the study of the spread of depressive disorders in a large city and the analysis of cause-and-effect relationships between this disease and some socio-economic factors are shown. The features of mathematical support of MEGIS necessary for population epidemiological analysis are considered. The possibilities of using correlation-regression and cluster-discriminant analysis for these purposes are shown. At the stage of the initial manifestation of symptoms of depression, statistically significant binary risk factors for depressive disorders were established, which were used in the diagnostic questionnaire. Developed complex recognition, classification and predictive models on the individual level, to assess the risk of developing depressive disorders and to predict the potential severity of the disease. At the population level, risk groups for depressive disorders in patients who have suffered depressive episodes in childhood should be formed. Based on the results of multi-level GIS and classification and predictive modeling based on individual clinical dynamically, socio-psychological, transcultural and environmental health risk factors formulated practical recommendations to improve the prevention of depressive disorders. The study of clinical and pathodynamic, socio-psychological, transcultural and medico-ecological aspects of non-psychotic depressive disorders with the use of geoinformation systems was carried out for the prevention of depression and mental health stabilization of the region population. The results of this research can be used by specialists in geoinformation systems, medical demography, medical psychology and social psychiatry, sociology, psychiatry, psychology and family medicine, conflictology, information modeling and system analysis in health care.

Il beat, la melodia e il dialetto napoletano nei testi dei 99 Posse: dai retaggi popolari alle influenze d’Oltreoceano

The following paper focusses on the transversal use of dialect and musical influences in songs by the group 99 Posse. Formed in the 1990’s, this is one of the most representative bands of the underground Neapolitan music scene. They are part of a kind of nouvelle vague partenopea that begins in the 1970s with the amazing band Napoli Centrale and continues until nowadays with the new musical collective called Terroni Uniti. I will underline the evidence of the transcultural nature of the 99 Posse compositions, analyzing three of the most important songs of their career. The first is the masterpiece of the band: “Curre curre guaglió”, the soundtrack of the ‘90s Italian rebel generation.The second song is “S’addà appiccià”, an original composition full of religious and pagan references that are typical of the ancient south Italian culture, revised by 99 Posse to spread messages against the corruption of the political system. The third is “Napolì”, a very nice picture of the transcultural aspect of the city of Naples, painted through the sounds and the words of this beautiful composition.

Facing the unfamiliar: Nurses’ transcultural care in intensive care – A focus group study

IntroductionWestern Europe today is a culturally diverse society and expected to become more so in the future. When patients from unfamiliar cultures become critically ill and require intensive care, this places considerable demands on the cultural and linguistic competencies of the intensive care staff. Existing research regarding the transcultural aspects of intensive care is scarce and, in Sweden, non-existent. ObjectiveTo explore the experiences of critical care nurses and enrolled nurses in caring for culturally diverse patients in intensive care units. MethodFour focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 15 interviewees. The collected data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. FindingsThe findings mostly concerned the nursing staff’s experiences of caring for relatives. Caring for the relatives of culturally diverse patients was described as challenging due to linguistic and cultural barriers. ConclusionsTo overcome linguistic and cultural barriers, intensive care units should be reorganised and restructured to create a more welcoming environment for relatives. Alternative communication methods should be developed and traditional ways of using support from interpreters support must be re-evaluated. Education to ensure cultural competence and the promotion of an intercultural approach is key and the development of research programmes is recommended.