Transactional Practices Research Articles

SISTEM AKAD TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI ONLINE DROPSHIPPING PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARI’AH

<p>In knowledge of Islam, buying and selling must be in accordance with Islamic law. Dropshipping is the practice of buying and selling transactions carried out online. In terms of the dropshipping system, this is defined as buying and selling where the seller does not have stock of merchandise and then the buyer places an order and pays in advance. After receiving an order from the buyer, then the order is submitted to the supplier and then the supplier will send the ordered goods directly to the customer but with the name dropshipper. This dropshipping sale and purchase has caused a lot of polemic regarding the validity of the transaction and its legal status. The purpose of this study is to find out how the dropshipping online buying and selling transaction contract system is then viewed from the maqashid shari'ah perspective. This study uses qualitative research methods with descriptive analysis based on literature studies. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that online buying and selling transactions using the dropshipping system are not prohibited in Islam and can be used with several contracts such as salam contracts, wakalah contracts, and also samsarah contracts. In practice, dropshipping must be in accordance with maqashid sharia which aims to benefit.</p>

Implementasi Hukum Pidana terkait Maraknya Praktek Prostitusi Wanita dan Anak Dibawah Umur di Negara Indonesia

The phenomenon of prostitution is a form of crime that is very difficult to deal withand this type of crime is mostly supported by economic factors in people’s lives, where in society itself until now, prostitution has not been stopped, as well as a threat to sex morality, household life, health and welfare of women. The practice of sex transactions occurs not only with prostitutes from among adults, but also teenagers. Therefore, the Government should be more active in finding solutions to problems like this. This study uses normative juridical research and the results of this study state that there are several factors that make a person enter the world of prostitution, including; economic factors, lifestyle and frustration. Then the government’s role in dealing with prostitution in Indonesia has been carried out using two methods, namely the elimination method and the registration method.

Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Lamikro Dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Kota Jayapura

This service activity aims to provide training on traditional (manual) accounting records by introducing large accounts in accounting books and the introduction of the Lamikro application and its use in recording daily financial transactions online to MSME actors in Jayapura City. In addition, Lamikro financial reports produced by MSME actors can be used in applying for people's business credit / KUR loans at banks. The training was held on 2 and 3 July 2021, the training was divided into 2 activities, namely on 2 July 2021 an introduction training was held on micro-applications and transaction practices encountered by business actors on a daily basis. This activity was carried out in the Accounting Department Lab and was attended by 5 people out of 10 people who registered. The activity on July 3, 2021 was carried out with assistance to every business actor in the city of Jayapura. The assistance takes place accompanied by an introduction to the recording of transactions based on the Lamikro application. In this activity, assistance was provided to 15 business actors spread across the city of Jayapura. Assistance activities are carried out by complying with applicable health procedures. Community Service Activities are also carried out pre-post tests during the implementation of the activities, with the aim of measuring the extent of understanding of the introduction material that has been given during the training process.

Literacy’s Schrödinger’s cat: capturing reading comprehension with social annotation

ABSTRACT As an internal process, documenting reading comprehension has remained challenging. This paper presents three case studies that explore the transactional practices of literacy education graduate students as they read and annotate assigned texts in an online, asynchronous class. Social annotation tools give multiple students simultaneous access to the same text and allow them to interact with one another, which positions literacy as a social practice. Findings illuminate the different approaches participants engaged in to interact with the text and their peers, with regard to comprehension strategies, critique, and community interaction. Implications offer insight for teacher educators on assessing teacher reading comprehension through social annotation.

IMPLEMENTASI TRANSAKSI PEMBIAYAAN GRIYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIKIH MU’AMALAH DI BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA KANTOR CABANG PEMBANTU SITUBONDO

At this time there are many emerging Islamic banking with the many developments of sharia. The birth of Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia brings an interesting competitive atmosphere in the banking business discourse. In addition to the presence of conventional banks, our society is now presented with alternative options to invest their funds, of course through the presence of Islamic banking services.
 Islamic banking services offer products with a different scheme from conventional banks. In accordance with the title "sharia" it bears, Islamic banking claims the principle of justice in accordance with Islamic teachings as a differentiator of its identity from conventional banks. Including one of the Islamic banks in Situbondo, namely Bank Mandiri Syariah which is currently changing its name to Bank Syariah Indonesia
 Of all the products available at BSI, there is one financing product that is currently in great demand by the public, especially at the Bank Shariah Indonesian Cabang Situbondo Branch, namely the Griya financing product. Griya financing is short, medium, or long term financing to finance the purchase of residential (consumer) houses, both new and used, in the developer environment with a murabahah system.
 In relation to the murabahah concept in Fiqh Mu'amalah, it is necessary to combine its conformity with the practice of home financing transactions at BSI KCP Situbondo, where in practice the margin provisions obtained by BSI are not transparent, when purchasing property uses the practice of debt. , the delivery of money is directly given to the customer, not the BSI party who buys the needs of the customer and many other things that the author does not know. According to the author, this is not appropriate if the contract used is murabahah.

Out-of-Court Settlement of Consumer Sales Claims

The subject of the article is to describe and analyse the functioning of out-of-court consumer redress systems, which deal with the settlement of civil disputes between consumers and entrepreneurs related to the purchase of defective items. The practice of legal transactions involving consumers shows that regulations alone are not enough to ensure that their rights are protected. The essence of the problem boils down to a lack of determination on the part of consumers to pursue their claims. The deficiencies of the Polish justice system, such as high costs of proceedings, protraction of proceedings, uncertainty as to the court's decision on the case, and the inability to enforce court judgments, effectively dissuade consumers from fighting for their rights. The remedy for this may be the proceedings for out-of-court settlement of consumer disputes and the activity of permanent conciliation courts. The aforementioned conciliation systems are run by the Trade Inspection as a body dealing with the protection of consumer rights. As practice shows, these systems are not sufficiently used. There is a need for information and education among consumers and entrepreneurs at the central and local levels to promote amicable settlement of consumer disputes.

KLEPTOCRACY OF BRIBERY IN PROMOTING POSITION IN INDONESIA THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE SOCIOLOGY OF LAW

Clean Government and Good Governance has realized yet in Indonesia. It isproven by selling and purchasing the positions in various places still exist. Theprocess of rotation, transfer, and promotion of civil servant (ASN) that shouldhave been given to the competent employees did not run as it should. The fieldinvestigation shows that the existence of power transaction that makes positionas an object of commerce. This article aims to examine the kleptocracy of sellingand purchasing the positions in Indonesia. The perspective used is the sociologyof law. The research methodology implements a normative legal methodologythrough a qualitative approach and analysis of the fraud triangle theory, Gonetheory, Ramirez Torres theory and Icebery Model theory. The result of the studyconcludes that bureaucrats are often not transparent, corrupt and tend to carryout transactional practices. For this reason, it is necessary to change therecruitment system and overall monitoring of civil servant (ASN) bureaucracy.

Views on the Utilization of Non-Halal Assets

AbstractPurpose – This paper aims not to legalize the practice of unlawful muamalah transactions, but the real purpose is what to do if someone has already made unlawful transactions and generates wealth from the practice of unlawful muamalah transactions, what is the solution to repentance in Islam, so as not to repeat muamalah transactions illegal in the future.Methodology - This paper uses a qualitative method in the form of library research. Literature study is a technique of collecting data by examining books, literatures, articles and research reports that have to do with the problem being solved. Thus, this study will limit its activities only to library collection materials without conducting field researchFindings - The conclusion of this paper is that if the illicit assets resulting from transactions that are not mutually pleased and the whereabouts of the transaction partners are known, it must be returned or their consent is requested, while if the whereabouts of the transaction partners are not known, the assets are donated to the poor on behalf of the owner of the goods/money legitimate.Keywords: Non-Halal Assets, Muamalah Haram, Utilization of Non-Halal Assets, Repentance

Counteracting the practices of sham transactions: market manipulations and using insider trading

Objective: to consider approaches to countering the use of unfair transaction practices, in particular, market manipulations and insider trading within the functions and powers of the Bank of Russia.Methods: the work used a combination of methods of dialectical, empirical, comparative and logical research.Results: approaches to the definition of market manipulation are established, the main methods of market manipulation are considered. The activity of the Bank of Russia to identify unfair practices in the Russian financial market was studied; the amount of market manipulation cases was identified and analyzed. The approaches were shown, which exist within the framework of the financial market development strategy to counteract the use of unfair transactions practices, including the practices of market manipulation and the use of insider trading; promising areas of development in the specified areas were identified.Scientific novelty: the article consolidates the dynamics of the activities of the Bank of Russia, the probable problem areas and the potential in the field of countering the unfair transactions practices, including market manipulation and insider trading; the amount of identified cases of market manipulation is analyzed.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in the further analysis of countering the use of unfair behavior practices in the financial market and in forming a glossary.

Leadership Styles and Church Performance; A Survey of Protestant Churches in Ongata Rongai

Several churches around the world have experienced performance challenges because of factors such as lack of good leadership, lack of resources, poor vision, poor communication, and difficultly to access to the youth which have made it difficult for churches to grow their membership. The general objective of this research was to assess the influence of leadership styles on church performance in Protestant churches in Ongata Rongai. The study specifically focused on studying the influence of the transformational and transactional leadership styles on church performance by viewing church performance from the angle of church membership retention and church membership growth. This study is a survey that used the correlational research design to collect data from 256 respondents who were church members from five selected Protestant churches in Ongata Rongai. The data collected was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS) version 23 and the research results revealed that church leaders in Protestant churches in Ongata Rongai use both the transformational and the transactional leadership style. The research results also indicated that the transformational leadership style has a positive but weak influence on church performance while the transactional leadership style has a positive and strong influence on church performance. The study recommended that church leaders incorporate more transactional practices in their leadership and that churches invest in capacity building of their leaders. Keywords: Transformational leadership, Transactional leadership style, Performance & Churches

Communication Social Actions of Legislative Candidates in the Election of Representatives in the City of Madiun (Case Studi: Social Exchange of Legislative Candidates to Became DPRD)

Current social phenomena show that the local democratic process that should be running well and correctly in accordance with its purpose is to increase the participation of the people or community politics to elect their representatives in the Regional Representative Council (DPRD) which has not produced maximum election results legislative as a local political activity is carried out based on Law No. 2 of 2011 which was later revised with Law No. 07/2017 concerning elections which regulates the selection of candidates for DPRD which include selection, ratification, appointment, and in terminating board members of the research council this method uses a qualitative approach, where the focus of research uses a case study approach. The purpose of the study was to determine the social communication actions of a prospective legislative candidate in the legislative general election to elect people’s representatives in the DPRD city of Madiun. This research with a qualitative approach is one of the research procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of speech, behaviour, which can be observed from prospective board members. The data collection technique of this research is observation techniques, documentation through snowball sampling on each DPRD candidate who has become a permanent council candidate. To support the conduct of research, researchers used theoretical studies, among others, social exchange theory, Peter Blau and A Weber’s Social Action Theory. The results of this study highlight that; social, legislative communication actions concerning social behaviour, human social movements and social exchanges occur in the election of members of the City Council of Madiun; namely, there are activities for candidates to install campaign propprovide social assistance and transactional practices between voters and candidates at the end of the campaign.

Discontinuation of Corruption Investigation and Prosecution: A Comparison of Indonesia, The Netherlands, and Hong Kong

The discontinuation of the investigation and prosecution of corruption crimes is one of the important substances of the amendment to Law No. 19 of 2019 concerning the Corruption Eradication Commission which then led to debates both among academicians and legal practitioners. The discourse focused on the essence and concerns of transactional practices in the process of law enforcement for corruption crimes in the future. By using the legal comparative method, this paper tries to compare the provisions regarding the discontinuation of the investigation and prosecution of corruption crimes in Indonesia, Hong Kong, and the Netherlands. The results of the study show that the provisions regarding the discontinuation of the investigation and prosecution of corruption crimes in the three countries have differences in their arrangements. Normatively, Indonesia and the Netherlands regulate this matter in several articles, while for Hong Kong, although they do not regulate it in an expressis verbis manner in the law, the provisions concerning the discontinuation of investigations and prosecutions of corruption crimes are known in their law enforcement practices as seen in the case handling scheme published by the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC). However, the use of the mechanism for terminating the investigation and prosecution of corruption crimes can be seen as a balancing mechanism against the legal process. Regulations regarding the discontinuation of investigations in corruption crimes must be maintained as a control mechanism against the possibility of errors in law enforcement procedures or for other technical reasons.

Pemahaman Masyarakat Muslim Menengah Kebawah Merespon Gerakan Nasional Non Tunai Bank Syariah

The issues discussed in this study are how the practice of transactions using a non-cash payment system and how the understanding of the lower middle class Muslim community regarding the payment system using non-cash in Islamic Banking in the Kekalik Kebon Community, West Pagesangan Village, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. The purpose of this study is to find out the practice of transactions using non-cash payment systems and to find out the understanding of the middle and lower Muslim community regarding payment systems using non-cash. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative approach, one of the methods used was to conduct interviews. The result is that most of the lower middle class Muslim community have known, used, and understood non-cash payment instruments as an alternative to cash. Factors that encourage and motivate people to use non-cash payment instruments include security, convenience, speed, and efficiency factors. However, the public still does not fully understand the non-cash payment system due to the lack of direct information and the lack of direct socialization in the Kekalik Kebon Community, West Pagesangan Village, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. This non-cash payment system is very useful for the community in conducting transactions if they are in a different place, because they do not require additional money to meet. The public only knows the term for transacting at ATMs but does not know the term at all about the National Non-Cash Movement. Actually, if people understand more about the National Non-Cash Movement This will make it easier for people to carry out transactions directly in their daily lives.

KETENTUAN HUKUM MEREK WELLKNOWN MARK DALAM PEMBERLIAN MELALUI ONLINE

Information technology related to online business transactions is growing very rapidly. Business actors and consumers, both in urban centers and in areas, use information technology to shop or transact, including transactions for goods labeled with Well Known Marks (Famous Brands) that are protected by Trademark Law, which are traded through online system facilities. In online transactions related to well-known brand products, there are still violations that are detrimental to the brand owner. In connection with this, it is important to conduct socialization to the community, including teenagers who are also very potential consumers of branded goods that are traded through the internet. Nationally, Well Known Marks in Indonesia are regulated based on Article 4 and Article 6 of Law no. 20 of 2016 concerning Brands. Meanwhile at the international level the provisions governing Famous Marks are through the provisions of Article 6bis of the Paris Convention and Article 16 (2) of the TRIPs Agreement. Online business transactions in Indonesia are regulated by Law no. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. In connection with the rapid development of transaction practices for well-known branded goods through the online system, for the sake of legal protection for both well-known brand owners and consumers, especially teenagers who tend to be adaptive to changes in new trends, it is important to understand the legal provisions, both trademark law and trademark law. information technology law as regulated in UU No. 20 of 2016 and the U.U. No. 11 of 2008 and PP No. 71 Year 2019

Bridging the Gap Between Research and Practice: Using Creative Methods to Research Transactional Analysis Psychotherapy

Research using creative methods is opening up new ways to deepen our understanding of human experience and offer possibilities to all fields of transactional analysis (TA). This paper shows how creative methods can enrich both transactional analysis research and practice, particularly with reference to unconscious processes and silence. The author provides a brief overview of two types of creative method followed by some of the results obtained from using them in a TA research project. A case vignette is used to illustrate how one of these methods was applied in practice in the hope of showing how creative methods can be useful tools for offering transactional analysis a possible bridge into what Christopher Bollas described as “the unthought known.”

Transactional Drafting: Introduction to Contract Drafting and Transactional Practice

Transactional Drafting: Introduction to Contract Drafting and Transactional Practice

Contemporary Agreement Law Discussing Electronic Agreements in Electronic Media Transactions on The Aspect of Their Legitimacy

This study analyzes the validity of the electronic agreement. The purpose of this study specifically will dissect and analyze aspects of the agreement in the Civil Code and explore the legality of electronic agreements in the practice of electronic media transactions. The research method used is normative juridical research, because in parsing and discussing the use of applicable regulatory instruments along with library materials as primary sources in research, the research approach is by taking a statutory approach, by looking at the phenomenon of technological developments, it is also necessary to look at the regulatory instruments by analyzing regulations related to contract law according to positive law as the foundation in conducting electronic agreement practices. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the electronic agreement already has adequate legal instruments. 19 of 2016 concerning information and electronic transactions. Therefore, the legal structure used to make electronic agreements can be applied in Indonesia, although in the author's opinion, there are still some regulatory improvements in the midst of the development of virtual transactions in order to provide legal certainty to the public.

LEGAL STATUS OF THE DIGITAL PROFILE OF THE SUBJECTS OF CIVIL LEGAL RELATIONS

The aim of the work is a legal risk assessment to identify subjects of civil relations in order to implement commercial transactions safely using a digital profile. The paper attempts to assess the digital transformation of civil relations and the implementation of legal regulators for the protection and security of the subjects’ digital profile of. The aspects of “digital profile’s” definition interpretation as well the legal status separate signs for citizens and business entities of the notification procedure, differentiation of both rights to dispose and to use are reflected. The law enforcement practice of civil transactions in the course of digital resources’ turnover, as well as the attraction and imposition of administrative penalties are proposed, and a number of conflicts is identified due to the latency of illegal actions, the lack of digital competent human rights bodies and digital investigative tools.

Implementation of Federal Accounting Standards – Capital Investments and Fixed Assets – in the internal rules of accounting for fixed assets

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the reflection of capital investments and fixed assets in the accounting (financial) statements of economic entities during the transition to the new domestic (Russian) accounting standards – Fixed Assets and Capital Investments. Objectives. The article aims to reveal the consequences of changes in the current practice of accounting for fixed assets and capital investments in the internal rules of commercial organizations. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of generalization, comparison, primary observation, cost measurement, and grouping. Federal Accounting Standards and International Financial Reporting Standards were the basis for methodological justification of changes in the accounting practice of transactions with fixed assets and capital investments. Results. We offer certain records to reflect information on capital investments in the transition to the new Federal Standard – Capital Investments in accounts. We also offer a procedure for classifying low-value fixed assets in the inter-reporting period and a correspondence of accounts reflecting impairment loss on fixed assets. Conclusions and Relevance. The procedure for convergence of domestic accounting standards with International Financial Reporting Standards necessitates the introduction of significant changes in the process of reflecting transactions with fixed assets and capital investments. The modified procedure for reflecting records for accounting for capital investments, low-value fixed assets, losses from impairment of fixed assets in the intra-company rules for accounting for economic entities becomes relevant. The results of the study can be used when accounting for transactions with fixed assets and capital investments of commercial organizations in the practice of financial accounting.

Фінансовий моніторинг у первинній ланці його імплементації: гармонізація вітчизняної та міжнародної практики

The purpose of this study is both to summarize negative impact factors on cash flows legalization based on international and domestic practice of financial monitoring in the area of entrepreneurial activity and to determine effective measures directed at sustainable socio-economic national development of Ukraine. The main legislative rules, norms and principles of financial monitoring implementation by domestic economic entities, conceptual definitions of the Law of Ukraine 361-IX , objects and subjects of initial financial monitoring, criterias of the international practice of financial transactions monitoring are generalized. The role of current o361-IX in the systemic fight against money laundering risks by domestic entities is revealed. The need is substantiated for both thorough identification and verification of such risks based on the results of asset transactions defined by the law as “objects of financial monitoring” and search for complete and reliable information on the final beneficiary of initial financial monitoring subject. Alternative approaches to the internal regulatory development and working documents have been proposed for the initial financial monitoring subjects (on the example of audit firms) in order to ensure their financial monitoring consistency and full disclosure of obtained results. Initial financial monitoring subjects, guided by provisions of Law 361-IX , must have a number of internal administrative documents that take into account the nature and scale of transactions with counterparties/clients. Mandatory internal documents for initial financial monitoring subjects specify: financial monitoring rules, primary financial monitoring programs and other internal financial monitoring documents, documentation of personnel procedures for the responsible employee appointment and his powers, rights and responsibilities. These internal documents should contain procedures that ensure effective risk management, as well as prevent the use of services (goods, products) for the initial financial monitoring subject in order to legalize illicit income. The reward is the confidence that activities of initial financial monitoring subjects have become another foundation in national socio-economic development.