Traits Neuroticism Research Articles

FoMO predicts alcohol use and harms over and above the big five personality traits among university students

ABSTRACT Background University students are an at-risk group for alcohol use. Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), the feeling that others are having rewarding experiences that one is missing out on, may drive alcohol use and harm. We aimed to investigate whether FoMO could uniquely predict alcohol use over and above known predictors like the big five personality traits. Methods We recruited 392 university students and invited them to take part in a daily diary study where they reported their alcohol use daily over 13 days. Participants also completed a baseline survey and reported personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), and alcohol-related consequences and completed a final follow-up survey where they reported FoMO. Results Using a zero-inflated negative binomial mixed model, we found that those higher in FoMO consumed more alcohol on drinking days (IRR = 1.11) when controlling for personality traits. Similarly, we found that those higher in FoMO experienced more harms (IRR = 1.10), when controlling personality traits. Conclusion We found that FoMO is a distinct construct and not just isomorphic with the big five personality traits. This suggests that reducing FoMO may be a key aim for alcohol interventions and should be considered when aiming to reduce university student alcohol use.

Finding Silver Linings in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A 2-Wave Study in the UK.

The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread anxiety, fear and depression, yet focussing only on these negative issues may obscure the opportunity to promote positivity and resilience. Traumatic events can often result in positive life changes (adversarial growth) though there is little evidence in the context of pandemics, and no previous studies in Covid-19 with the general public. The present research investigated whether adversarial growth was perceived in Covid-19 and whether this could account for variance in wellbeing, over and above effects of personality traits. Participants recruited from the UK public (N = 183) completed the Big Five Personality Inventory, the WHO-5 Wellbeing Scale and the Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ) measure of adversarial growth. Questionnaires were completed online, at two timepoints, nine months apart. At Time 1, wellbeing was negatively associated with trait Neuroticism and positively associated with Openness to experience. Both associations were positively mediated by SLQ score. At Time 2, SLQ score again mediated the effects of Openness on wellbeing, and also the influence of wellbeing at Time 1 on that at Time 2. Reported Silver Linings included strengthened personal relationships at Time 1, and improved ability to handle life events at Time 2. This suggests a shift from an appreciation of relationships to an awareness of personal development once life returned to some semblance of normality. Overall, results suggest that perceived adversarial growth supported wellbeing during the pandemic and highlight a focus for therapeutic intervention.

Personality Trait, Intolerance Of Uncertainty, And Psychological Well-Being In Palembang City Students In Facing Vuca

The VUCA era is an era of life that is described as a situation full of change, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity which has a negative impact on humans psychologically by decreasing the psychological well-being of society, especially students. Previous research found that psychological well-being is affected by intolerance of uncertainty (IU) in individuals. Other studies have also found that personality traits are factors that influence IU in individuals. This study aims to examine the effect of personality traits (OCEAN) on the psychological well-being of students via intolerance of uncertainty in Palembang City students who are affected by VUCA. Data was collected from 106 students in Palembang City using Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale version 18 item (RPWB-18), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale version 12 item (IU-12), and Big Five Inventory - 2 (BFI-2) version of 30 items adapted to Indonesian and tested. The results showed that IU, and the personality traits of neuroticism and conscientiousness had a significant effect on psychological well-being. Meanwhile, IU was significantly influenced by the personality traits of neuroticism and extraversion. However, the results of the study did not find any indirect influence of personality traits on psychological well-being through intolerance of uncertainty (IU).

What do you bring to the table? Exploring psychological attributes that predict successful military training

ABSTRACT The psychological characteristics that new recruits bring when starting military basic training (MBT) may help or hinder successful completion rates. The first part of this study explores how psychological characteristics assessed at the start of MBT influence retention and performance outcomes upon completion. At the start and upon completing MBT, a sample of 204 UK male Infantry recruits undergoing a 26-week Combat Infantryman’s Course were assessed on personality traits (psychoticism, neuroticism, and extroversion); a set of relevant cognitions (i.e. effortful control); motivation (i.e. internalization of military core values); and an assessment of mentally tough behavior. Recruits who successfully completed MBT were significantly higher in age, psychoticism, and mentally tough behavior. The second part of the study explored how MBT influenced these variables across time. A subsample of 132 male Infantry recruits that passed basic military training first time were analyzed. Across the 26-week course, there was a significant increase in extraversion, and a significant decrease in neuroticism, and external regulation. Results differed slightly when we removed the lowest passing group from the analysis and whether MANOVA or Logistic Regression analysis was used. Results indicate that what you bring to the table will influence pass and retention rates.

Association of Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder with Trait Neuroticism and Mental Health Symptoms

ABSTRACT Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) is considered rare in hallucinogen users although there are conflicting reports about its incidence and prevalence. HPPD may be more common in those with trait neuroticism. In this study, we invited hallucinogen and other drug users to complete an online questionnaire about their use of hallucinogens, their experience of HPPD symptoms, and their trait neuroticism and mental health symptoms. We received 802 responses with 415 of these containing adequate data for further analysis. 39.7% of responders reported symptoms corresponding to Type I HPPD, and 4.3% reported symptoms corresponding to Type II HPPD. We found no significant difference between neuroticism scores for participants with or without HPPD. Individuals with Type II HPPD were more likely to report mental health symptoms including anxiety, obsessional thoughts, paranoia, hypochondria and panic attacks (p < .05). We also found that individuals with Type II HPPD were more likely to report the use of 25I-NBOMe, dextromethorphan, nitrous oxide and benzodiazepines (p < .05). 47.3% of participants had never tested their drugs, making the attribution of HPPD severity to specific drugs difficult. Further work into the development of HPPD is required, particularly with the rise of hallucinogens as potential treatments for depression and other mental illnesses.

Does more information mean better choices? A study on calorie display and consumer behavior in restaurants

This paper builds on the stream of research of the impact of caloric information on food choices and its implications for food and health policies. Specifically, the study explores the interaction between calorie labeling per menu and daily intake recommendations. By conducting a field experiment in South Korea, consumers were randomly approached to assess the effects of calorie-related information on food choices. The study reveals that offering either the daily calorie intake recommendation or specific calorie information on menu items reduces consumers' calorie consumption. Yet, when both types of information are presented concurrently, this effect is nullified. This implies that, in line with U.S. FDA regulations, presenting both daily calorie recommendations and specific calorie information on menu item in restaurants might not be an effective strategy for promoting lower calorie choices. The study also examines the influence of personality traits on food choice. Extroverts tend to choose lower-calorie items, while individuals with higher self-esteem and agreeableness and neuroticism traits prefer higher-calorie options. Good self-restraint is linked to lower-calorie choices. This research highlights the need for strategic calorie information policies in order to effectively guide individuals toward healthier choices.

Device Features and/or Personality Traits? Disentangling the Determinants of Smartphone Nomophobia and Pathology among Urban Millennials

Smartphones have emerged as a mobile device that provides users with "smart" functionalities, aesthetics features and capabilities. These smart devices are the “must have” advanced communication tools and have been assimilated as an integral part of the everyday life. Although academic scholars and practitioners have started to venture into a research stream that focuses on behavioral models to elucidate and predict smartphone consumption trends and behavior, however, there is limited empirical research that attempts to unleash factors that triggered smartphone users to become nomophobia (no mobile phone phobia) and consecutively in turn become pathology (also known as addiction or dependency) user. Henceforth, this work seeks to explore both emerging phenomena by developing and validating a research model which is based on the Media Dependency Theory. The structural equation modelling analysis was conducted using Smart Partial Least Square (SmartPLS3) procedure with a dataset of 272 smartphone users who belong to the urban Millennials generational cohort. Two main predictors are hypothesized, which are the smartphone features (software and hardware) and users’ personality traits (openness, neuroticism, and extraversion). The results suggest that multiple facets of smartphone users’ personalities, particularly neuroticism significantly cause the smartphone users to become nomophobia and subsequently pathological. Whereas, the device hardware features have a positive significance effect on nomophobia, nevertheless not trigger pathology. Surprisingly, software features of the smartphone do not offer evidence of their effect on nomophobia as well as pathology. The key findings uncovered from this exploratory research provide rich insights for theoretical and practical implications.

Impact of Personality Traits on Sustainable Entrepreneurship Development

The evolving landscape of globalization is bringing about inevitable changes in the development of sustainable entrepreneurship. Sustainable entrepreneurship combines entrepreneurial traits with a focus on both market success and social impact. However, in today's competitive environment, it is imperative for every entrepreneur to possess specific personality traits to enhance their competitiveness. The primary objective of this research was to investigate the influence of four significant personality traits: agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and neuroticism, on the sustainable development of entrepreneurship in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The study employed a positivist research philosophy, an explanatory research design, and a quantitative survey method using a convenience sampling technique. A total of 396 entrepreneurs from the registered SMEs in the Surkhet district were identified as samples. Inferential statistics, specifically structural equation modeling, were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that personality traits such as agreeableness, openness, and extraversion had a positive influence on the development of sustainable entrepreneurship. This suggests that individuals possessing interpersonal skills, innovativeness, curiosity, situational sociability, confidence, and passion played a foundational role in promoting entrepreneurial sustainability. On the other hand, the personality trait of neuroticism demonstrated an insignificant positive impact on sustainable entrepreneurial development. This implies that neurotic individuals, prone to anxiety, stress, and emotional instability, may hinder decision-making processes and disrupt the stability of sustainable entrepreneurship. Based on these findings, the study suggests that entrepreneurs should prioritize instrumental features of personality traits like agreeableness, openness, and extraversion for sustainable entrepreneurship development, while minimizing the influence of neuroticism.

Psychobiological screening among patients affected by prostate cancer: Identification of potential psychobiological markers.

Prostate cancer is a common oncological disease of old age with the highest rates of incidence among males older than 65 years old. Diagnosis and treatment may be associated with the onset of adjustment, depressive, and anxiety disorders. The comorbidity with depression and anxiety may lead to a higher risk of suicide, and mortality as well as lower adherence to medical treatments and adverse functional outcomes in patients affected by urologic cancers. The role of genetic vulnerability and pre-morbid personality in predicting the development of mental disorders during cancer disease is debated. For instance, some genetic polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter-related promoter region (5-HTTLPR polymorphism) are associated with higher vulnerability for mental disorders as well as personality traits of neuroticism; both factors are potentially useful for identifying risk of depressive and anxious symptoms among cancer patients. This communication proposes the development of individualized psychobiological approaches to identify possible 'psychobiological' markers associated with the risk of mental disorders in prostate cancer patients.

Validation of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Bangla Using Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory

ObjectivesMindfulness-based interventions are common in contemporary mental health practices. Hence, the assessment of mindfulness is necessary during those interventions, and the 39-item Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is one of the most frequently used tools. As there is a scarcity of mindfulness scales for Bangla-speaking people, we translated this questionnaire into Bangla and validated it with a Bangladeshi community sample.MethodWe collected data from 532 Bangladeshi adults (mean age = 30.22; SD = 5.19), of which 390 were females and 142 were males. The participants completed FFMQ-Bangla, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, Depression Scale, and Openness and Neuroticism sub-scales of the Big Five Personality Inventory. Item response theory–based analysis evaluated the item quality of the Bangla FFMQ. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) assessed the scale’s structural validity.ResultsItem response theory–based analysis discarded 10 items. Both CFA and ESEM supported the five-faceted model (CFA: CFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.94; ESEM: CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.99) and indicated satisfactory reliability for the remaining 29-item scale (≥ 0.80). ESEM revealed two general components (self-regulated attention and orientation to experience) encompassing the five facets (CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.93). All those facets exhibited positive correlations with the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Openness trait and negative correlations with Depression and the Neuroticism trait, revealing the scale’s concurrent validity.ConclusionsSince the FFMQ-Bangla has exhibited satisfactory reliability and structural and concurrent validity, we recommend that researchers and mental health practitioners use this scale to assess mindfulness among Bangla-speaking people.PreregistrationThis study is not preregistered.

Personality traits and risk of eating disorders among Polish women: the moderating role of self-esteem.

Personality traits should be taken into account when diagnosing individuals with disordered eating behaviors in the hope of better understanding their etiology and symptom progression and when planning treatment. The objective of this study was to attempt to determine the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationships between personality traits included in the Big Five model among Polish women and estimated risk of eating disorders. The study was conducted among 556 Polish women from Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship. The average age of the women under study was 34 years. A diagnostic survey was used as the research method, and the empirical data were collected using the following research tools: The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), ORTO - 15 Questionnaire, The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-13), and the authors' original questionnaire. A multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence of selected independent variables. The assumptions for the linear regression model were satisfied, as indicated by the Ramsey Regression Equation Specification Error Test, White's test, and the Jarque-Bera test. Only the personality trait of neuroticism exhibits a statistically significant effect on the "Cognitive Restraint of Eating," "Uncontrolled Eating," and "Emotional Eating" scores (p < 0.001). The moderation effect was demonstrated between self-esteem and the personality trait of conscientiousness on the "Cognitive Restraint of Eating" scale score. There is a moderation effect between self-esteem and the personality trait of extraversion on the "Uncontrolled Eating" subscale score. There is a moderation effect between self-esteem and the personality trait of conscientiousness on the "Uncontrolled Eating" scale score. Self-esteem was not a predictor of the occurrence of risk of eating disorders while playing a moderating role in the relationship between certain personality traits and estimated risk of eating disorders. A higher level of neuroticism was identified as an important predictor of higher results for orthorexia, Cognitive Restraint of Eating, Uncontrolled Eating, and Emotional Eating. It was also demonstrated that the orthorexia risk index decreased with increased extraversion and openness to experience. The results of this study suggest that eating behaviors and psychological factors should be included in psychological interventions in the treatment of eating disorders. The clinical goal can be considered to be an improvement in non-normative eating behaviors, such as a reduction in overeating episodes or eating less frequently in the absence of a hunger feeling. In order to assist these individuals in their attempts to achieve healthy behaviors, variables related to mental functioning can be then identified as important goals to support individuals in their efforts to change health behaviors by achieving better mental well-being.

Personality Traits as a Predictor of School Administrators' Communication Competencies

In this research, it is purposed to reveal whether school administrators' personality traits predict their communication competences according to teachers' perceptions or at what level. Accordingly, the research was designed in a predictive correlational research design. The sample of the study consists of 489 teachers determined by simple random sampling method. In the study, the data were collected through the "Adjective-Based Personality Test" and "Communication Competencies" scales. Descriptive statistics such as arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used to determine the levels of school administrators' personality traits and communication competencies, Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient analyses were used to determine the relationship between school administrators' personality traits and communication competencies, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the predictive power of personality traits on communication competencies. As a result of the research, it was determined that there were significant relationships between all variables except the relationship between neuroticism and extroversion personality traits. In addition, personality traits such as neuroticism, extroversion, and agreeableness were found to be significant predictors of school administrators' communication competences. However, the results related to the prediction of responsibility and openness to experience personality traits were not significant. It can be said that school administrators can communicate easily with other stakeholders in their schools with their extroverted personality, responsibility and mild-manneredness characteristics and they can create differences in their schools with a sense of responsibility.

The Impact of Psychotrauma and Emotional Stress Vulnerability on Physical and Mental Functioning of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic health condition thought to be influenced by personal life experiences and emotional stress sensitivity (neuroticism). In the present study, we examined the impact of cumulative trauma experiences and trait neuroticism (as a measure for emotional stress vulnerability) on physical and mental functioning of n = 211 patients diagnosed with IBD (112 Crohn’s disease, 99 ulcerative colitis). All patients were assessed for self-reported trauma histories, emotional stress vulnerability, clinical disease activity, functional gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and quality of life. Results showed that patients with severe IBD activity have endured significantly more interpersonal trauma and victimization than those with quiescent IBD. Moreover, cumulative trauma was found to exert an indirect (neuroticism-mediated) effect on patients’ symptom complexity, with trauma and neuroticism conjointly explaining 16–21% of the variance in gastrointestinal and 35% of the variance in mental symptoms. Upon correction for condition (using a small group of available controls, n = 51), the predictive capacity of trauma and neuroticism increased further, with both predictors now explaining 31% of the somatic—and almost 50% of the mental symptom heterogeneity. In terms of trauma type, victimization (domestic violence and intimate abuse) proved the best predictor of cross-sample symptom variability and the only trauma profile with a consistent direct and indirect (neuroticism-mediated) effect on patients’ mental (QoL) and physical fitness. Results are consistent with the growing body of evidence linking experiential vulnerability factors (trauma and neuroticism) and associated feelings of personal ineffectiveness, helplessness, and uncontrollability to interindividual differences in (GI) disease activity and quality of life.

CEO personality and corporate sustainability performance

PurposeThis study aims to examine how chief executive officer's (CEO) personality traits influence the corporate sustainability performance (CSP) of firms. The paper also examines the moderating effect of board power on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachUsing a linguistic tool (IBM's Watson Personality Insight Service), the authors measured the personality traits of 229 CEOs from 176 firms from 2009 to 2018. Firm-level CSP are obtained from the Sustainalytics database. The hypotheses are tested using multiple regression analysis. The robustness of the results of the study is confirmed by addressing endogeneity concerns and by validating the measurement of CEO personality traits using Personality Recognizer, an alternative linguistic tool.FindingsThe results show that CEO personality traits of extraversion and neuroticism are significant predictors of CSP. The paper also identifies board power as a contingent factor that influences the suggested relationships.Originality/valueUsing upper echelon theory and cybernetic big five theory, this paper identifies CEO personality traits as important antecedents of corporate sustainability performance and adds to the micro-foundations of corporate sustainability literature. To the authors’ understanding, this is the first study that examines the influence of CEO personality on CSP using a comprehensive trait framework. The paper also demonstrates the usefulness of text-analytic tools to measure CEO personality traits, thereby contributing to the progress of upper echelon theory.

Predictive Contribution of Personality Traits in Career Decision-Making: A Test of the Social Cognitive Model of Career Self-Management

The current study sought to test hypotheses derived from the social cognitive model of career self-management (CSM; Lent &amp; Brown, 2013) applied to the process of career exploration and decision-making. We examined how well personality traits, contextual factors, and social cognitive predictors, collectively, account for exploration behavior and career decision-making outcomes. Specifically, we determine the relationships between personality traits with career decision self-efficacy, career goals, and decisional criteria in a sample of 302 high school students. The participants completed domain-specific measures of four personality traits (conscientiousness, intellect/openness, extraversion, and neuroticism), social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, goals, level of career indecision, and decisional anxiety. The model fit the data well overall, though certain predictors were linked to the criterion variables only indirectly via mediated pathways. The structural equation model analysis suggested, consistent with previous studies, that the contribution of personality on career exploration and decision-making was mediated by sociocognitive mechanisms. Multiple group analysis suggests that neither sex nor the type of institution (state/private) that students attend determines the relationships among the variables of the proposed theoretical model. Limitations, further research, practical implications, and methodological implications for the CSM model are discussed.

Discrepancies in Patient and Caregiver Ratings of Personality Change in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.

Personality change in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) is complicated by the patient and informant factors that confound accurate reporting of personality traits. We assessed the impact of caregiver burden on informant report of Big Five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) and investigated the regional cortical volumes associated with larger discrepancies in the patient and informant report of the Big Five personality traits. Sixty-four ADRD participants with heterogeneous neurodegenerative clinical phenotypes and their informants completed the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Caregiver burden was measured using the Zarit Burden Interview. Discrepancy scores were computed as the difference between patient and informant ratings for the BFI. Regional gray matter volumes from T1-weighted 3T MRI were normalized to intracranial volume and related to global Big Five discrepancy scores using linear regression. Higher levels of caregiver burden were associated with higher informant ratings of patient neuroticism (ß = 0.08, p =.012) and with lower informant ratings of patient agreeableness (ß = 0.11, p =.021) and conscientiousness (ß = 0.04, p =.034) independent of disease severity. Patients with greater Big Five discrepancy scores showed smaller cortical volumes in the right medial prefrontal cortex (β = -5.24, p =.045) and right superior temporal gyrus (β = -7.91, p =.028). Informant ratings of personality traits in ADRD can be confounded by the caregiver burden, highlighting the need for more objective measures of personality and behavior in dementia samples. Discrepancies between informant and patient ratings of personality may additionally reflect loss of insight secondary to cortical atrophy in the frontal and temporal structures.

Investigating User Preferences Towards Visualization Types with a Focus on Neuroticism and its Implications on Mental Health

This study delves into the importance of visualizing mental health data to attain a comprehensive understanding of psychological disorders through the means of data storytelling and information visualization. Utilizing the Five Factor Model, the article investigates the correlation between two prevalent mental health conditions, depression and anxiety, with a specific focus on the neuroticism trait. The researchers aim to underscore the potential of data-driven techniques in shaping mental health interventions and promoting a deeper comprehension of these conditions by exploring the association between neuroticism and various visualization approaches. To achieve this objective, the study employs quantitative research methods to support population association analysis, cause-and-effect analysis, and the assessment of the link between independent and dependent variables. The findings show that neuroticism has no relationship to any sort of visualization types, and this paper presented several explanations for the lack of a relationship between visualization type and neuroticism.

An epidemiological survey on personality disorder in Andalusia (the PISMA-ep PD study).

Despite a significant clinical and social burden, there is a relative scarcity of epidemiological studies on Personality Disorder (PD). To determine the current prevalence of PD and the psychosocial correlates associated with this in the Andalusian population. We carried out a cross-sectional population mental-health survey in Andalusia, southern Spain. Thus, 4,518 randomly selected participants were interviewed following sampling using different standard stratification levels. We used the Spanish version of the SAPAS to estimate PD prevalence. In addition, a full battery of other instruments was utilized to explore global functionality, childhood abuse, maltreatment, threatening life events, personality traits (neuroticism, impulsivity and paranoia), medical and psychiatric comorbidities, family history of psychological problems and other potential risk factors for PD. PD prevalence (10.8%; 95% CI [9.8, 11.7]) and ran two different multivariate models for PD. We obtained the highest PD prevalence in those affected by any mental disorder plus those reporting having suffered childhood abuse, particularly sexual abuse. Additional potential risk factors or correlates of PD identified were: younger age, lower levels of functioning, less social support, poorer general health, having suffered maltreatment, threatening life events, higher suicidal risk scores and higher levels of both neuroticism and impulsivity. This study reports PD prevalence and risk correlates in consonance with similar findings reported in other Western populations. However, longitudinal studies are needed to elicit a more thorough group of prospective determinants of PD.

Personality Traits and Anxiety Disorders of Vietnamese Early Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Social Support and Self-Esteem

Aims: This study aims to investigate the relationship between personality traits and anxiety disorder, in which the mediating role of social support and self-esteem is also explored. Background: In Vietnam, anxiety disorder is a major challenge affecting adolescents’ social and academic functioning. Objectives: Examine whether adolescents’ personality traits are related to their anxiety disorders and whether social support and self-esteem mediate the relationship between personality and anxiety disorders. Methods: A sample population of 582 early adolescents at four secondary schools in Vietnam voluntarily participated in the study through the completion of the big-five personality dimension test, the social support scale, self-esteem scale and generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire. The SPSS statistical software was used to conduct descriptive statistics and analyses of Cronbach’s Alpha, Pearson correlations and Regression. The mediation analysis of self – esteem and social support was conducted to determine the relationship between personality traits and anxiety disorder through SPSS PROCESS Macro. Results: Results revealed that the neuroticism trait had a positive correlation with anxiety disorders (r = 0.56), while the agreeableness and conscientiousness traits showed negative correlations (r = - 0.08 and r = - 0.15, respectively). The regression indicated that approximately 33.4% of the variance anxiety could be explained by these traits (R2 = 0.334; F = 55.414; p &lt; 0.01). Bootstrapping and Sobel analyses showed that social support and self-esteem mediated the association between neuroticism trait and anxiety disorder (z = 3.00 and z = 5.45, respectively). Conclusion: The findings interpreted that Vietnamese educators can reduce symptoms of anxiety for early adolescents with high neuroticism trait by helping them get more social support from others and improve role of self-esteem.

The Mediating Effect of Social Media Use on the Relationship between Personality Trait and Gambling behavior among University Students in Northern Cyprus

Objectives: This paper aims to investigate the relationship between personality traits, gambling behavior, and social media use. Methods: A questionnaire comprised of the Five-Factor Model (Costa &amp; McCrae, 1992), the Gambling Behavior Scale by Jeff and Gregory (2010) and the Social Networking Time Use Scale (Olufadi, 2015) was administered to 718 students in Northern Cyprus. Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out to test if the five personality traits have a significant positive relationship with gambling behavior. Results: Data analysis showed a significant positive relationship between social media use and gambling behavior. The study reported that while the relationship between three personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience) and gambling behavior is partially mediated by social media use, the relationship between agreeableness as a personality trait and gambling behavior is not mediated by social media use. Finally, findings showed that the impact of conscientiousness on gambling behavior is influenced by the frequency and time spent on social media. Conclusions: In light of the reported impact of personality traits on gambling behavior, further research should seek to find out what it is about social media that encourages gambling behavior, and what combination of factors is most likely to force social media users to part with money to play or gamble. Finally, different motivations for social media use can be tested as moderators in the relationship between personality traits and gambling behavior.