Training Of Young Specialists Research Articles

Formation of human capital in agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan in digital space

The goal is analytical review of the current situation on formation of human capital in agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan, identifying the main problems and opportunities, as well as providing specific recommendations for optimizing development of labor potential in the context of digital transformation. Methods – statistical analysis, calculation of indicators, generalization, monographic. Results – the role of personnel reserves in AIC as a determining factor in increasing agricultural production volumes is considered. The main factors influencing on labor resources in agricultural sector of the republic in the conditions of digitalization are systematized: lack of qualified workers, aging workforce, unfavorable demographic situation, underdeveloped social infrastructure of the village, migration of the working population. It is emphasized that training of young specialists, as well as improving the quality of educational and methodological systems are an integral part of solving these problems. An analysis of the level of digital literacy of villagers and degree of the use of information and communication technologies was carried out. The state and dynamics of employment of rural residents, its differences in rural and urban areas have been studied, the share of people employed in agriculture, the structure of the economically active population by level of education have been determined. Conclusions - based on the results of the study, the need to train personnel capable of effectively using modern digital technologies in agricultural sector is noted, and measures to attract young people with specialized skills are argued. It is necessary to expand the continuous chain of career guidance, staff development to update professional competencies, and implement industry strategic goals. Practical recommendations for the development of human capital in the conditions of informatization and digitalization are proposed.

Virtual reality simulator for developing spatial skills during retrograde intrarenal pyeloscopy

Introduction. Currently, several virtual reality (VR) simulators have been described for the upper urinary tract stone surgery skill development, including retrograde or antegrade nephroscopy. However, their high cost and the lack of a detailed reconstruction of the intraluminal pelvicalyceal system (PCS) appearance limit their implementation into educational process and clinical practice.Objectives. To develop the approach for VR-reconstruction of the intraluminal appearance of the PCS via head mounted device (HMD), as well as estimate its usefulness for novices to improve spatial orientation during retrograde flexible nephroscopy.Materials & methods. Five residents without experience in self-performing retrograde flexible nephroscopy participated in a 7-day training course on the VR simulator developed, during which each novice studied six variants of the PCS. For the procedure simulation, a silicone kidney model was created with the stone placed in the calyx which was selected randomly in each case. Before and after VR-course, each resident assisted the experienced urologist during simulated retrograde nephroscopy to find the stone placed according to random selection. The nephroscopy time and the number of errors in stone-finding during retrograde flexible nephroscopy were analysed.Results. There was a statistically significant decrease in nephroscopy time (on avg by 17.6 minutes, p = 0.043) and errors to find targeted calyx, which was observed once after the training one resident only.Conclusion. The described VR simulator does not require significant time, technical and financial costs, and is available for wide implementation in the training of young specialists.

Branch of the Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University in Kaluga is 145 years old

In 2023, the branch of the Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University in Kaluga (Kaluga branch of PGUPS) turns 145 years old. An essay on the 145-year history of the educational institution, modern achievements are presented.The Kaluga Railway Technical School (now the Kaluga branch of PGUPS) is one of the oldest specialized secondary educational institutions in Russia.It is very difficult to overestimate the importance of this institution and the specialists it trains. Over the years of its activity, the technical school has trained more than 20 thousand specialists for the country’s railway transport (including for the Republic of Cuba), machine-building and instrument-making enterprises, and the armed forces.The pride of the college is its graduates. Many graduates have government and industry awards, academic degrees and titles, work as teachers in universities and technical schools of railway transport, in road technical schools. For high performance in the training of young specialists, the technical school was repeatedly awarded with diplomas and letters of thanks.The branch has its own museum, which stores documents about the history of the educational institution, its leaders, employees, students, outstanding graduates and teachers. Museum exhibits and literature together constitute a memorable book.At present, the tradition of succession of generations is being preserved and developed in the branch.

A way of 100 years

Novosibirsk College of Transport Technologies named after N.A. Lunin celebrates a centenary. All implemented professional educational programs have successfully passed professional and public accreditation, and the college has passed the procedure for independent assessment of the quality of the conditions for the implementation of educational activities. Every year the college graduates over 300 specialists, of which at least 90 % are employed at the enterprises of the West Siberian Railway.For high performance in the training of young specialists, the college was awarded diplomas and letters of thanks from the administration of the Novosibirsk Region, the management of Russian Railways and the West Siberian Railway. Repeatedly, the educational institution became the winner of the Interregional competition “Enterprise of the Year of Siberia” and the city competition “Novosibirsk Mark”, the college was listed on the Board of Honor of Novosibirsk.Currently, 1,235 students study at the college full-time, including 350 in the Baraba branch. Every year more than 1,000 people improve their qualifi cations, undergo training and retraining at the vocational training department. Consistently high indicators of the quality of education have been achieved: the state task for the admission of students, the safety of the contingent, and employment is carried out annually.

Staff assistance of educational programs in the sphere of information security: design and development problems

An increase in civilization risks and threats, and the development of information technologies actualize the questions of information security. The need for information security specialists is sharply increasing. This requires the solution of a number of managerial, organizational, substantive issues related to the organization and implementation of educational programs on information security including staffing issues. In such conditions the issues of teaching staff potential development, formation of the necessary up-to-date knowledge and competences of teachers for qualitative training of future specialists become urgent and in-demand. Mass retraining of teachers becomes the most important task in providing information security specialists for the digital economy. The methodological basis of the study is the provisions of education sociology reflecting the problems of matching the human resources needs for the digital economy, import substitution and national security with the quantity and quality of specialist training in higher educational institutions of vocational education.The aim of the research is to identify employers' demands for information security specialists' competences for formation of professional educational programs and demands of teachers engaged in information training for actual knowledge, abilities, skills, which availability will ensure innovativeness in training of young specialists. The main hypothesis was that there is a mismatch between the demands of the external environment of higher education, above all, employers and the capabilities of the educational system, there is an urgent need to increase the capacity of teachers involved in training professionals in the field of information security. The reasons for this mismatch are (1) the dynamic development of technology, the emergence and increase of cyber threats and cyber incidents, (2) the presence of objective problems in the development of educational institutions staff capacity - the low proportion of young personnel, inadequate interaction between educational institutions and industrial and research centers, inadequate scientific and educational mobility of teaching staff for skills development.The needs of employers and teachers have been identified on the basis of empirical research (autumn, 2021) conducted by the authors. 103 teachers and 109 employees of enterprises which carry out functions on maintenance of information security of organizations and enterprises (mainly SFD) participated in sociological research.Results: requirements of employers and teachers on information security actual knowledge, abilities, actual programs of professional development and professional retraining were revealed. The practical significance of the results is that the study can reveal the problems of design and development of educational programs on information security and formulate recommendations for the design.

EXPERIENCE OF PARTICIPATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY OF ODESA NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY IN THE PREPARATION AND CONDUCT OF THE OBJECTIVE STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION (OSCE-2) FOR STUDENTS OF DENTAL AND INTERNATIONAL FACULTIES

The training of dentists at the modern European level is one of the important prerequisites for reducing the main dental diseases in the population of Ukraine. Dentistry is one of the important components in the direction of development and improvement of primary health care for the population of our country. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to analyze the experience of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of the Odesa National Medical University in the preparation, conduct and ways of improving OSCE-2 among students of dental and international faculties. During the fall semester, the department prepared methodological support for OSCE, namely passports of two stations, tasks, algorithms and checklists. All tasks were adapted to the technical capabilities of the clinical base of the department. OSCE was carried out for 3 days. The students of the academic groups were divided into examination groups of 10 people each. During the exam there was a constant video and audio recording of students' answers. The assessment of the student was based on a checklist. A certain number of points was assigned to each point of the algorithm, depending on the complexity. The specific weight (number of points) of each item could be different depending on the number of items and the complexity of the implementation of a particular item. As a result of this work, the following was established: an objective structured clinical examination allows the most objective assessment of the knowledge, skills and practical skills of students; during the examination of the OSCE, the students of the dental and international faculties demonstrated a fairly high level of practical skills and abilities in pediatric dentistry acquired during the training period; in order to improve the quality of training of young specialists, it is necessary to constantly conduct trainings for students. Key words: dentistry, teaching, students, state exam.

Qualitative research on the impact of education in China on graduates of foreign students from Central Asian countries

China provides various scholarship programs to countries along the Belt and Road route. In this regard, the number of young people from Central Asia and developing countries willing to study in China is growing. The current trend in the training of young specialists in China raises the question:  How does the experience gained while studying at universities in China affect on the lifestyle and activity of graduates from Central Asian countries? The purpose of our research is to to help us understand  the role of Chinese higher education in the training of young specialists from Central Asian countries. The study used qualitative analysis as the main method for obtaining answers. The online interview method was used..The mini-research participants were 16 graduates from Central Asian countries: Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan. At the analytical stage of the research, the “Grounded theory” method of Strauss Corbin was applied. As a result of the study, four directions were identified that indicate the impact of education in Chinese universities on the life and work of graduates from Central Asian countries: (1) Cross-cultural integration; (2) Self-knowledge and self-formation in the environment of an international environment; (3) Language capabilities: improving language skills in learning Chinese and other languages; (4) Impact on employment. The authors of the study found that getting an education in China for graduates from Central Asian countries provides a flexible opportunity for employment in an international environment or in business. On the other hand, it contributes to the preparation of integrated leaders with experience of cross-cultural cooperation. Research supported by Postdoctoral Program of International Training for Young Talents in Guangdong Province and Guangzhou University School of Education. Keywords: education in China, graduates, Central Asian countries, international education, impact.

РИСКИ НАЙМА МОЛОДЫХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ: УГРОЗЫ ИЛИ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ

The article summarizes the experience of foreign and domestic research on the risks of hiring young professionals. The set of possible personnel risks when hiring young specialists has been systematized. It is concluded that company owners acquires more opportunities than threats of loss of profits and the corporate image because of lack of work experience of young personnel. A classification of short-term and long-term potential opportunities acquired by an organization when hiring young personnel has been developed. The advantages for the organization from internships and on-the-job training of young specialists have been substantiated.

Peculiarities of physical education of students at the current stage of society development

The article reveals the features of physical education of students at the present stage of development of society. It is established that physical education classes on the basis of sports specialization to a greater extent create conditions for further implementation of the tasks of professional and applied physical training. It is revealed that the use of modular-block training in combination with the system of rating control allows to organize the modular-rating technology of physical education and to increase the motivation to exercise. This approach allows: to use in the relationship rating-modular system of organization of classes; to introduce innovative technologies; to increase the physical culture and educational potential of classes; to strengthen professional and applied physical training of young specialists; to increase value orientations on leading a healthy lifestyle by means of physical education. Physical education is a multilevel educational system, holistic and unified in structure, content and organization. This process must be implemented in the aggregate of all parts, connections, channels, which are in relations and connections with each other and timely modernize in accordance with those changes in environmental and social processes.
 Thus, the tasks for the education of physical qualities, motor skills, rehabilitation, ecological and valeological education should be solved from the standpoint of an integrated approach as a method of scientific and practical implementation of a multilevel system of physical education and constant modernization of its content. This approach involves the use of the relationship of rating- modular technology of organization of classes; taking into account ecological introductions of innovative technologies, high rise of physical culture and educational potential of occupations owing to increase of a share of ecological and valeological maintenance of theoretical program material, strengthening of professional and applied physical training of young experts, raises value orientations of a way of life by means of physical culture and sports.

Necessary Transformation of Administration for Family Physicians Practice

This paper considers the internationally leading models in administration work of family physicians, such as traditional care in outpatient clinics, disease control programs, and human-centered primary health care. The authors noted that the Ukrainian model of «human-oriented health care» is being confidently formed under the health care modernization and EU integration process. The authors found the reducing number of hospitalizations of the catchment population; decreasing mortality at home with cardiovascular disease, tuberculosis, diabetes; reducing the congenital malformations of children undetected during their mothers’ pregnancy. In addition, the study detected the growth of the visit number of the catchment population to the healthcare facilities for preventive purposes; an expanding the nursing of the number of one-year-old children; no cases of child deaths at home, etc. The findings showed that the process of administrative control and evaluation of the effectiveness of family physicians should be based on clearly defined criteria. Each head of the health care facility could set their own requirements for the effectiveness of primary care physicians. The specification of certain indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the family physicians covers the number, density, age, and sex of the population, morbidity, geographical and other characteristics. However, the lack of uniform requirements for administrative control and evaluation of the work of family physicians complicates the process of administering the work of primary care physicians, which needs to be further addressed. The article aims to analyze the effectiveness of the administration of family physicians in the Municipal non-profit enterprise of Konotop City Council «Konotop Municipal Hospital». The main problems and directions of improving the efficiency of administration of family physicians were highlighted. It was established that the most significant shortcomings were the absence of a website; insufficient number of practicing family physicians; dissatisfaction with wages; insufficient level of logistics; insufficient level of practical training of young specialists, etc. Family physicians also noted difficulties in the transition from working with paper documents to digital ones and weak Internet and poor performance of relevant servers. In turn, that affects the entire process of family physicians from the moment of registration (via the Internet or by phone) to the issuance of electronic prescriptions for medicines or sick leaves. Based on the study results, several recommendations were made to family physicians and hospital administration to increase their work efficiency.

Typical demand trends in the youth labor market in the Republic of Crimea

Monitoring of the main component of the labor market of the Republic of Crimea – the demand for labor force, taking into account representatives of young people of all age groups was conducted. The possibility of objective needs of employers in young specialists was determined on the basis of a questionnaire survey of heads of organizations (enterprises) in the region, the purpose of which was to identify information about the opinions and expectations of employers regarding the quality of training of young specialists. The structure and volume of the sample were determined as sufficient and representative to assess the situation in the Republic of Crimea as a whole. The questionnaires were processed using a computer program for statistical data processing – SPSS 13.0 for Windows. It was found that in modern conditions there is a significant need for the development of labor potential of young people and its use in the interests of innovative development of the Republic. The basic measures, the implementation of which will stabilize the situation with young personnel for all priority economic activities of the republic, have been proposed.

History, modernity and future of the department "Water supply, sewerage and hydraulics" in KHNUCEA

The article highlights the main stages of formation and development of the Department of Water Supply, Sewerage and Hydraulics of the Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (then Kharkiv Civil Engineering Institute). At the beginning of its founding it was called as "Water Supply, Sewerage and Sanitation". ‘
 The information on the heads of the department is given. Famous graduates are mentioned, who later became famous scientists, production organizers, managers of utilities and construction companies.
 It is noted that during the existence of the department its employees have published a significant number of works of scientific and scientific-methodical nature, including monographs and textbooks, received copyright certificates and patents of Ukraine and other countries.
 It is emphasized that during all the years the training of young specialists at the department was carried out not only for our country, but also for more than 30 countries. Currently, students are trained at the first (bachelor's) and second (master's) levels by highly qualified scientists and specialists with many years of pedagogical, scientific and industrial experience in specialties 192 "Construction and Civil Engineering" professional direction "Water Supply and Sewerage" and 194 "Hydraulic Construction, water engineering and water technologies". Moreover, close partnership with the leading enterprises in Kharkiv had provided an opportunity to open department branches, which helps to practice for students at a high level.
 The main directions of scientific activity, which are embodied in the implementation of state budget and economic-contractual works, are shown. At the same time, significant work is carried out at the department for the training of highly qualified specialists, which allows the staff of the department to maintain the optimal composition of experience and youth.
 An important component of the department is international cooperation with universities and scientific or industrial enterprises in other countries.
 Perspective ways of the department for future are shown.

Main Scientific and Technological Problems in the Field of Architectural Solutions for Supercomputers

In this paper author describes creation of a domestic accelerator processor capable of replacing NVIDIA GPGPU graphics processors for solving scientific and technical problems and other tasks requiring high performance, but which are characterized by good or medium localization of the processed data. Moreover, this paper illustrates creation of a domestic processor or processors for solving the problems of creating information systems for processing big data, as well as tasks of artificial intelligence (deep learning, graph processing and others). Therefore, these processors are characterized by intensive irregular work with memory (poor and extremely poor localization of data), while requiring high energy efficiency. The author points out the need for a systematic approach, training of young specialists on supporting innovative research.

Improve the Consular Charter of the Republic of Kazakhstan as the main source of the country's consular law

This scientific article refers to the Consular Charter of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 2016 as the main source of consular law, as a regulator of consular relations between Kazakhstan and foreign countries. The provisions of the Kazakh Consular Charter are generally given a positive characteristic, but some shortcomings that should be corrected are noted. In the article the author suggests to alter, to supplement the relevant paragraphs of the other rules, based on experience of the legislative regulation of consular activities of such countries as USA, Russian Federation, UK, Australia, Singapore and on the standards of international law. Proposals are formulated to improve the text of the Consular Charter of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the questions of procedure for the appointment of consuls, the inviolability of consular premises and land plots, tax immunity of consuls, training of young specialists in consular institutions, consular fees, revocation of consular privileges and immunities.

Estimating the features of nervous processes among medical students as one of the main factors influencing labor productivity

The article considers the results of studying nervous processes in medical students. They influence labor functions productivity in the future labor activity. Testing was held by means of hardware and software complex (HSC) “NS-PsychoTest”. It includes several specialized tests for the experimental study of nervous system and a person’s psychological part. The main features of respondents’ nervous processes estimation was realized according to the author’s methodology created by E.P. Ilin in 1972 by means of the dynamics of hand movements tempo change. In terms of the research results interpretation we held factors analysis, which prevent the whole potential of physical culture means revelation at a higher educational establishment, including medical profile Universities, for an effective training of young specialists for their professional duties realization.

PROBLEMS OF DETERMINATION OF LOSSES IN THE FIELD OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, FOR EXAMPLE THE USE OF SUBSTITUTION METHOD

Analyzing the tasks of forensic experts of the Laboratory of Economic Research of the Research Center of Forensic Expertise on Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine in the course of expert studies related to the determination of material damage to the author (right holder) of the intellectual property object in recent years, indicates a significant amount and continued growth of such research. However, at present, no methods of conducting judicial examinations in the specialty 13.9 «Economic research in the field of intellectual property» concerning the determination of losses have been approved (referring to the methods that are certified and recommended for implementation in expert practice in accordance with the Procedure for attestation and state registration judicial examinations, approved by the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 02.07.2008 No. 595). This article examines regulatory acts for determining losses, considers methods: royalties and substitutions, discusses «Methods for solving forensic issues of material damage» related to forensic expertise in specialty 11.1 «Accounting Accounting Documents and reporting.» In the case of the substitution method, the method is used by some experts when conducting expert examinations in specialty 13.9 «Economic research in the field of intellectual property», and in these studies it is assumed that one counterfeit product replaces one original product, with the loss not being received by the owner of the intellectual property object. The problem of determination of damages in the sphere of intellectual property is shown and the necessity of working out of methodical recommendations for determination of damages is proved. have become the basis of scientific research work «Method for determining losses in the field of intellectual property», which is intended for direct use by experts of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine in carrying out expert studies in the field of intellectual property; training of forensic experts and training of young specialists; may be used by investigative and judicial staff in ordering expertise, etc.

Профессиональное образование молодых специалистов Белгородской области как потенциал инновационного развития библиотеки

Профессиональное образование молодых специалистов Белгородской области как потенциал инновационного развития библиотеки

PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS AND RESIDENTS OF SURGICAL DIRECTIONS OF TRAINING

The purpose of the study is to detect and describe the psychological characteristics of students and residents of surgical specialties of the medical university. The study involved 22 sixth-year students planning to enter the surgical section and 20 residents of surgical specialization. The 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) by R. Cattell (Form A) was used. The following psychological characteristics prevail among the sixth-year students: anxiety, suspicion, radicalism, dreaminess, dominance, restraint, straightforwardness, cruelty, shyness, low level of self-control, high level of normative behavior. For the residents such characteristics are: anxiety, self-control, dominance, radicalism, suspiciousness, non-conformism, cruelty, practicality, courage. According to the results of statistical calculations, differences in psychological characteristics were revealed among the 6th year students and residents of the first year of training. The residents have a higher level of cruelty, suspicion, practicality and selfcontrol. Self-control among the students is significantly lower and dreaminess is more expressed than among the residents. The materials of this study can be used to improve the process of professional medical education and training of young specialists.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ СИСТЕМЫ АГРАРНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ КАК ФАКТОР УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ АПК РЕСПУБЛИКИ КРЫМ

<p>The paper features theoretical and methodical approaches to the<br />classification of regions from positions of modern region studies. It contains social and economic characteristics of the Republic of Crimea as an agrarian region. The author has monitored the current state of agrarian and industrial complex of the Republic of Crimea. The research has revealed that although agriculture is responsible for 17,1 % of the gross regional product, only 5,0 % of labor capacity of the region are engaged in the agrarian sphere of economy, and only 6,3 % of Crimean students major in agriculture. A complex analysis of the Crimean agrarian complex has revealed that the problem of qualified personnel deficiency is not acute for the regional economy, as there is an agricultural institute, as well as a number of minor vocational education institutions. A more relevant task is to improve the quality of training of young specialists and to attract them into rural areas; for this purpose a system and target<br />approach to agrarian education has been established in the region. The transformation of agricultural education in the republic should be based on the model of a wellbalanced interindustrial staffing plan of agrarian and industrial complex according to sustainable development programs of rural territories in the re gion.</p>

Профессиональная подготовка молодых специалистов к государственной службе

Профессиональная подготовка молодых специалистов к государственной службе