Physical Education Training Research Articles

Teaching Physical Education Subject in in-Person Classes: Challenges and Coping Mechanisms of Out-of-Field Teachers

Background: Physical Education (PE) plays a crucial role in enhancing students’ competence and self-confidence in participating in various physical activities, both in and outside of school. Nevertheless, the shift to face-to-face classes has posed difficulties for Senior High School teachers, specializing in Physical Education, who are teaching out-of-field in public schools. This qualitative study aimed to explore the challenges faced by these teachers and their coping mechanisms in the context of in-person class implementation. Twenty-two Senior High School teachers delivering Physical Education, who are teaching out-of-field, took part in this descriptive narrative study. These teachers were situated in Areas 2A and 2B within the Leyte Division. The findings from interviews were analyzed, categorized, and transcribed to identify key themes and sub-themes, which are outlined below: lack of mastery of skills, insufficient training and seminar in physical education and sports, lack of equipment and facilities, technological constraints with sub-theme, adaptive technology strategy. As to coping mechanisms; adopt with the challenges, provide positive outlook or open-mindedness, attend trainings and seminars in PE and sports and provide equipment and supply. Results: This study reaffirms that while online learning offers comfort and safety, in-person classes remain effective in providing students with well-structured physical activities, innovative exercise routines, enhanced motivation, and direct guidance from Physical Education Teachers. The accentuated challenges emphasize the necessity for ongoing support, training, and allocation of resources to ensure the effective delivery of Physical Education even amid the transition to in-person settings.

Research on the Path of Integrating Curriculum Civics into Physical Education Teaching and Training in Colleges and Universities in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract Colleges and universities have a singular and one-sided understanding of physical education teaching, and teachers, staff, and students remain in the simple teaching activities of improving students’ physical fitness and learning sports skills. Aiming at such problems, according to the feasibility of integrating curriculum ideology into physical education teaching in colleges and universities, the physical education teaching based on curriculum ideology in the field of artificial intelligence is designed, and the implementation and training path of this teaching mode is pointed out in detail. On the basis of the principle of the construction of the evaluation index system, the evaluation indexes are screened and corrected through the combination of searching for literature and expert guidance, and the evaluation index system of physical education teaching effect based on the course of thinking and politics is finally determined. Substitute the evaluation index data into the corresponding judgment matrix, use the hierarchical analysis algorithm to conduct a consistency test on the judgment matrix, derive the evaluation index weight value, and complete the construction of the teaching evaluation model. The constructed evaluation model is used to evaluate and analyze the physical education teaching effect of the pooled course Civics. The data show that the weight of C1 is 0.351, while the weight value of D1 is 0.120, and the other is the same. The final result of the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of physical education teaching by integrating curriculum ideology and politics is 3.3573, which indicates that the path of integrating curriculum ideology and politics into physical education teaching in colleges and universities mentioned above can effectively promote the overall development of students’ morality, intelligence, physical fitness, aesthetics, and labor. This study not only provides direction for ideological and political work but also provides theoretical support for physical education in schools.

An Exploration of the Application of Augmented Reality Technology in Improving Interactivity in Physical Education Teaching and Training

Abstract This paper elaborates on the technology related to augmented reality interaction, introduces in depth the augmented reality device HoloLens, including its composition and the principle of generating indoor three-dimensional data, and designs a teaching interaction model of augmented reality fusion learning environment. The Kinect somatosensory device is introduced into the teaching interaction model, and virtual interactions between virtual objects and real objects are accomplished by judging the human body’s position and posture changes in real time. Group experiments were conducted to examine the learning effect of augmented reality-based technology with or without interactive behavior in terms of interest in sports learning. According to the findings, the augmented reality physical education interactive teaching experiment resulted in a 23-point increase in the average value of physical education knowledge mastery level test scores. Further one-way ANOVA was conducted and the p-value of the scores of group B of the experiment with interaction before and after teaching was 0.001, which is less than 0.05. Augmented reality sports interactive teaching can significantly enhance students’ interest in sports learning, attention to sports, and so on. Therefore, the augmented reality sports interactive teaching technique mentioned in this paper serves as an effective way to improve students’ performance and interest in sports education.

Research on the Application of Big Data in College Physical Education Teaching and Training

Abstract During college physical training, a substantial amount of data is continually generated through various activities. Historically, technological constraints have hindered the effective collection and utilization of this data, limiting its potential to enhance physical education (PE) and training through intelligent support. This study explores the application of data mining (DM) in managing and analyzing PE classrooms. It aims to streamline PE teaching management and evaluation, conduct in-depth analyses of students’ physical fitness data, and ultimately elevate the quality of school PE instruction. In designing a big data system for this purpose, data collection is prioritized based on its difficulty. To facilitate data analysis and presentation, a high-performance framework for storing and analyzing data is selected. The results indicate a 13.28% improvement in accuracy compared to traditional assessment models. By leveraging DM in PE classroom assessments, we can mitigate subjectivity and uncertainty associated with manual weight and correlation coefficient selection. This approach enhances the intelligence, adaptability, and usability of the assessment model, paving the way for more effective PE teaching and learning.

Sports competition anxiety and sports achievement motivation: A relationship study of female physical education trainee teachers

Sports competition anxiety and sports achievement motivation: A relationship study of female physical education trainee teachers

Preventive measures for injuries in physical education training for students at Tan Trao University

Participation in physical education activities is an indispensable component of the holistic educational curriculum for students at Tan Trao University. In addition to enhancing physical health, developing physical skills, these activities also play a crucial role in training soft skills such as teamwork spirit, discipline, patience, and resilience. However, injuries during training are a major concern for both students and the university. These injuries can have serious consequences on students' health, mentality, and academic performance, and may even lead to long-term effects if not detected and treated promptly. Therefore, this study aims to propose effective preventive measures to enhance the safety and health of students participating in sports activities. The research methodology encompasses surveying the opinions of lecturers, students, and medical experts, as well as assessing the current safety measures at Tan Trao University. The research findings indicate that the provision of adequate personal protective equipment, such as helmets, gloves, and padding, is the top priority. Additionally, ensuring the safety of the physical infrastructure, including training grounds, gymnasiums, and practice areas, is an essential prerequisite. Furthermore, intensifying the training of injury prevention skills for lecturers and students is a key solution. Through comprehensive training programs, they can enhance their awareness and ability to handle injury situations, thereby contributing to maximum safety during the training process. Based on these research findings, the study provides specific and feasible recommendations for Tan Trao University to implement. The comprehensive deployment of injury prevention measures will not only ensure the safety of students but also contribute to the sustainable development of sports activities in the future, thereby enhancing the overall quality of education at the university.

A Study of Data-Driven Optimization of Personalized Instructional Strategies for Physical Education Training

Abstract As a new type of sports training, the application of sports information technology can effectively improve the athletes’ sports level and sports performance. In this paper, based on the way and effect of sports information technology application, a system for sports teaching and training assistance is designed. Through sports training intensity monitoring, the training intensity of the athletes is obtained, and a high load alarm is triggered. At the same time, the improved hybrid Kalman filter is used to solve the posture of training movements, and the DTW algorithm is used to recognize the training movements and compare them with the standard movements to obtain the training scores. Coaches can be assisted in formulating personalized teaching strategies by using the system’s obtained sports training data. This paper’s sports teaching and training assistance system has a significantly shorter response time than the two comparative systems, which suggests it has better response performance and practicality. The RMSE values of the improved hybrid Kalman filter are 0.92, 0.84 and 1.47 for the roll, pitch and yaw angles, respectively, which are better than that of the extended Kalman filter, indicating that it is closer to the original data and has better data fusion performance. Compared with the control class using traditional teaching strategies, the students in the experimental class using the personalized teaching strategies of this paper have higher skill improvement, indicating that the strategies of this paper have an important guiding role for personalized physical education teaching.

Applied value of modern fitness technologies in improving the health and physical development of students.

Aim: To study the impact of modern fitness technologies on the health and physical development of students in the learning process. Materials and Methods: The research involved 108 students (52 male and 56 female students), which formed the experimental (EG) and the control (CG) groups. The EG male students were engaged in such type of fitness technologies as Strenflex during physical education training sessions, and the EG female students - Dance Aerobics. Students' health was assessed by Stange and Genchi tests, Rufier and strength indices; and physical development - by the level of development of physical qualities. Results: It was found that Strenflex training sessions have a positive effect on all studied health indicators of male students (Stangea and Genchi tests, Rufie and strength indices), and Dance Aerobics training sessions are more effective in improving the functional capabilities of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, and less effective in developing the strength capabilities of female students. It has also been established that the most pronounced effect of the applied modern fitness technologies is on the development of strength qualities in men, endurance, and flexibility in men and women. Conclusions: The effectiveness of modern fitness technologies in physical education in educational institutions to improve students' health and physical development has been proven. The level of health and physical development of students, formed in the process of conscious training, will contribute to their successful learning and life-sustaining activities, as well as to maintaining the necessary level of motor activity in the future.

Dynamics of indicators of functional state and physical development of students in the process of high-intensity interval training.

Aim: To investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) based on the CrossFit system on the level of students' functional state and physical development. Materials and Methods: The research involved 36 male students who were engaged in HIIT during their studies. Indicators of students' functional state and physical development after 1 and 3 years of HIIT were studied. The functional state was assessed by indicators of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and physical development - by physical education tests. Results: It has been found that HIIT has a positive effect on the indicators of the functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the body and the physical development of students. After three years of HIIT sessions, students significantly improved their heart rate, vital capacity of the lungs, Stange test, Genchi test, duration of recovery heart rate, as well as the level of development of speed qualities, strength qualities, endurance and flexibility. Conclusions: It has been established that the sports-oriented form of organization of physical education training sessions with the use of HIIT based on the CrossFit system is quite effective in improving the indicators of the functional state and physical development of students. A high level of these indicators will help to improve students' health, improve their well-being, and increase the effectiveness of their educational and, in the future, professional activities.

Health-improving effect of running for students of technical specialties.

Aim: To study the dynamics of indicators of the functional state and health of technical specialties students during their long-term running engagement. Materials and Methods: The research involved 112 students (59 men and 53 women) aged 17-20 years. Two groups of students were formed: group 1 included students who, in addition to compulsory academic physical education training sessions, were not engaged in any type of motor activity on their own; group 2 included students who independently were engaged in recreational running 3 times a week in extracurricular time. Results: It was found that during the research period, both male and female students who were independently engaged in recreational running in extracurricular time showed a significant improvement of such indicators as resting heart rate, vital capacity of the lungs, duration of breath holding during inhalation and exhalation, duration of heart rate recovery after standard exercise, level of endurance development, level of physical health. Conclusions: The positive influence of independent running with moderate intensity on the functional state and health of students of technical specialties has been proved. The low efficiency of the physical education system in Ukraine and, accordingly, the insufficient level of motor activity, indicators of functional status, and health of students who, in addition to academic physical education training sessions, did not exercise on their own, were also confirmed.

Physical Education Teachers’ Representations of Their Training to Promote the Inclusion of Students with Disabilities

School inclusion is based on the need to adopt and implement a holistic view of education, training, and human development embodied in the idea of everyone, for everyone. In the context of Physical Education (PE), there are still several constraints to the realization of this universal desideratum. Among these, teacher training and qualification for the inclusion of students with Specific Health Needs (SHNs) stands out. That is, students with physical and mental health problems whose impact is significantly manifested in the learning process. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the representations of PE teachers about their training to develop inclusive processes with students with SES. Participants in this study were 151 PE teachers from different regions and districts of Portugal (Algarve, Aveiro, Castelo Branco, Lisbon, Porto, and Viseu) who had 23.6 ± 8.1 years of teaching service. Teachers answered an online questionnaire, on the Google Forms platform, with open and closed questions about their education and training to develop inclusive processes in PE. The results indicate two significant dimensions: (1) initial training for teaching inclusive PE and (2) continuous training for inclusion. Regarding initial training, a large majority of the teachers under study, at the end of their initial training, did not have the essential skills to teach PE to students with SES. It was also identified that a large majority reported not having had any contact with students with SES throughout their training process for teaching. It was also recognized that this training was not adjusted to the development of intervention skills with students with SHN. Regarding continuous training, it was identified that attendance at this training increased their skills to teach PE to students with SHN. Workshops/actions/training courses are the main training models adopted. However, it is recognized that the training provided does not respond concretely to their training needs to intervene with students with SHN, since teachers essentially seek to improve intervention in the context of inclusive physical education. We conclude that teacher training for inclusion is not yet fully adjusted to the reality of the inclusive school paradigm. In this sense, in practical terms, the following are suggested: (1) the need for reinforcement in study plans with specific and long-term curricular units; (2) the introduction of real practice components in context; and (3) supervised pedagogical practice in diverse contexts.

Futbolda Motor Becerinin Öğrenilmesinde Kombine Zihinsel ve Fiziksel Antrenmanın Değerlendirilmesi

Mental imagery is an essential element in the human movement system. Research in the sports psychology literature shows that training with motor imagery (mental practice) is an effective strategy for improving motor performance in planning and executing goal-directed movements. The primary objective of this study is to explore the impacts of integrating mental and physical training on the acquisition of a demanding football motor skill, specifically the "head kick." A total of 40 participants, consisting of 18 women and 22 men, who were students from the Physical Education & Sports department at Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, were randomly divided into two groups: one group receiving combined physical education and mental practice, and the other group solely undergoing physical education training. The Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire–2 (VMIQ-2; Roberts et al., 2008) and video analysis procedure were used in this study. Based on the research problem, the Repeated Measure ANOVA test was used. Motor skill performance was assessed both before and after an eight-week training period. To gauge improvements in motor skill acquisition, three independent expert evaluators analyzed video recordings of the motor task before and after training in both situations. The findings highlighted that engaging in mental imagery exercises improved timing and coordination, emphasizing the potential effectiveness of this intervention for enhancing proficiency in intricate motor skills. These study findings also illustrate the practicality and precision of employing video-based motion analysis to gauge enhancements in motor performance.

Informatization of Physical Education Curriculum Education and Training Management in Colleges and Universities under the Maximum Information Entropy Model

Abstract Currently, there are problems such as weak training purpose, poor training effect and backward auxiliary decision-making means in college physical education. In this paper, we first construct a college sports training management decision-making system based on Multi-Agent and adopt the blackboard model to realize the communication between Agents. The training management decision-making agent system uses the maximum information entropy model to identify the benefits and drawbacks of executing college sports training management decisions. Secondly, feature selection is carried out through the correlation filter (CFS), and the best priority search method is used to obtain the required subset of features. Finally, the reliability of the college sports training management decision-making agent system was verified by testing experiments. The results show that the inter-rater of the system is 0.92<unk>0.95, and the intra-rater is 0.94, reflecting the good reliability and practicality of the training management decision-making Agent system. This study enhances the effectiveness of sports training management to some extent, and it also serves as a valuable reference for the development of similar systems.

The Importance of Handball in the Development of High School Pupils

The aim of the research consists of identifying the opinions of pupils, parents, and teachers from high-school education institutions on the main aspects of the handball game within physical education and sports lessons and training. The present research is of ascertaining – ameliorative type, carried out on a sample of 110 people (pupils, parents, and specialized teachers) from four educational institutions in Campulung Moldovenesc, Romania: National College «Dragos Voda», Bucovina Forest College, National Military College «Stefan Cel Mare» and Technological High School no.1, between February 1, 2022, and September 1, 2022. The methods used in the research included: the analysis of the specialized literature, the diagnosis questionnaire, and the mathematical-statistical method. The main conclusions of the study refer to the benefits of the handball game, its role in the morpho-functional development of the pupils, the level of motivation of the pupils to practice this game within the physical education and sports lessons, as well as outside the hours, within the handball high school team.

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL FUTURE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHER TRAINING IN THE CONDITIONS OF BLENDED LEARNING

The article defines and theoretically substantiates the directions of digital transformation of the professional future teacher of Physical Education training in the conditions of blended learning as a pattern of informatization in the field of higher education. It is noted that the digital transformation of higher education establishments requires new target orientations, organizational models, and innovative digital technologies to improve the quality and accessibility of education. It is emphasized that digitalization contributes to the emergence of innovative forms, such as blended learning, while the spread of blended learning leads to digital transformations in the system of professional training of future Physical Education teachers at the level of goals (formation of digital competence among students, positive motivation for continuous professional self-development in conditions of dynamic changes); content (introduction of mandatory and optional educational components to increase digital literacy, inclusion in work programs of topics related to the use of “digital health” devices, electronic educational resources, cloud technologies, virtual and augmented reality tools); forms, methods and ways (rational combination of face-to-face and remote interaction, traditional approaches with innovative digital tools; use of personal digital devices, use of mobile, cloud, immersive technologies) and expected results (formation of the graduate’s ability to creatively and effectively use information and communication technologies in professional activities, self-education and self-development; readiness to implement innovations in professional activity in conditions of digital transformation of physical education).

A Study on the Development of Professional Training in Physical Education in Colleges and Universities under Information Technology

Abstract The deep integration of technology and college sports professional training can effectively stimulate the enthusiasm of students for sports training and, to a certain extent, reduce the danger of professional training. This paper first introduces the virtual reality technology under information technology to build a virtual sports training framework, and through virtual sports training, can effectively realize the immersive training of participants. Secondly, we use LiDAR to obtain point cloud data for the virtual scene of college sports professional training and reconstruct the virtual scene using the Poisson surface 3D reconstruction algorithm. Based on the OpenPose human posture estimation algorithm, the training movements of students in the virtual scene are identified, which helps coaches to better formulate standardized training movements. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the method given in this paper in college physical education training, a series of quantitative analyses was carried out. The results show that the training loss of the Poisson surface 3D reconstruction algorithm is about 0.087 after 180 rounds of iteration, the verification accuracy is about 87.62%, and the training loss of the OpenPose algorithm is about 0.04% when the number of iterations reaches about 130 times. After using VR technology to carry out professional training in sports, the score of students in the experimental group in terms of active learning interest is 4.487±0.324 points, which is about 1 point higher than that of the control group. Virtual reality technology can effectively promote the innovation and reform of sports professional training in colleges and universities, enhance the student’s interest in learning sports training, and provide a guarantee for improving students’ physical quality.

The Current Situation of Physical Education Classroom Teaching in Rural Primary Schools in Zhaoqing City under the "Double Reduction" Policy and High-quality Development Research

The "double reduction" policy emphasizes that the teaching of physical education should implement the requirements of improving quality and efficiency. Using the literature method, questionnaire survey method, interview method, etc., this paper conducted an in-depth investigation on the current situation of physical education classroom teaching in some rural primary schools in Zhaoqing City, and found that in the process of physical education teaching, the physical education training density is low, the teaching form is outdated, and the teaching design is not targeted, which seriously hinders the role and value of physical education in primary schools. As a result, students cannot have a good understanding of the basic knowledge of physical education, and it is difficult to form sports values in the new era. The high-quality development of physical education in rural primary schools should be improved from the following aspects: strengthening the awareness of physical education, improving sports facilities and venues, strengthening the construction of teachers, innovating physical education teaching methods, and establishing a scientific evaluation system.

A Study of Mental Training and Skill Enhancement in Physical Education Teaching Combined with Deep Learning Algorithms

The study sheds light on teaching physical education, which aids in improving students overall physical and mental well-being. Individuals benefit from physical education instruction through developing their talents and minds. Teaching physical education is crucial since a person's whole well-being mostly depends on their physical and mental health. Deep learning algorithms are used in physical education training to improve quality and help students become more mentally and skillfully fit. The deep learning method is a machine learning component that aids the healthcare and e-commerce sectors by comprehending how the human brain functions. Comprehending the physical education teaching process and how it can be enhanced also aids individuals. This study contributes to our understanding of the value of physical education instruction and how it affects a person's physical and mental health.

Practical Analysis of Digital Technology in an Electronic Education Platform in PE Training

To improve the practical effect of digital technology (DT) in electronic education platform (ECP) in sports training, this study proposes using OpenPose as the main method of posture matching in sports teaching. MobileNet was introduced to replace the backbone network in OpenPose to improve the efficiency of the model. At the same time, self-attention mechanism (SAM) is introduced to improve the accuracy of the model. In the performance verification results, the proposed algorithm has a mean mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.793 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.628. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm reached a maximum of 0.893 in the test set. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm exceeds 90% in the training set. In the practice of physical education (PE) and training, the absolute error between the actual value and the predicted value does not exceed 1.5 cm, while the relative error does not exceed 1.2%. The minimum absolute error and relative error are 0.01 cm and 0.2%, respectively. The proposed algorithm has high prediction effect and performance, and can be applied to PE training.

Research on Curriculum Reform of Physical Education Specialty in Colleges and Universities Based on OBE Concept

Physical Education Major in Colleges and universities is the main force to cultivate excellent physical education reserve talents in China. In order to improve the training quality of compound talents in physical education, this study takes the curriculum of physical education major in colleges and universities as the research object, and studies the curriculum structure, curriculum teaching mode, curriculum practice and curriculum evaluation of the curriculum of physical education major. The research shows that optimizing physical education curriculum based on OBE concept can meet the needs of physical education curriculum construction, deepen the curriculum reform of physical education, and help achieve the goal of training physical education professionals. However, based on the current research results, it is found that there are corresponding deficiencies in the implementation of each part. Therefore, this study puts forward the corresponding reform strategies according to the five contents emphasized by the OBE concept: everyone can succeed, personalized evaluation, proficiency, performance responsibility and ability standard. For the course structure, we should increase the types of elective courses and improve the proportion of technical courses; For the classroom teaching mode, adopt the flexible organization form of the course, update the design structure of the course and enrich the teaching methods of the course; For curriculum practice, we should pay attention to curriculum teaching practice and strengthen educational practice; For curriculum evaluation, comprehensive evaluation content and diversified evaluation methods are adopted.