Traditional Energy Sources Research Articles

Advancing Sustainable Energy Development: A Study of the Factors Influencing Distributed Photovoltaic Industry in Heilongjiang Province

In today’s energy industry, the development of clean energy has become a global concern. As an important clean energy technology, photovoltaic power generation (PV) is widely used in various countries and regions, helping to reduce the dependence on traditional fossil energy sources and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Existing studies have some shortcomings in terms of factors affecting distributed PV grid-connected capacity. First, previous studies tend to focus on the influence of a single factor on the grid-connected capacity of distributed PV, ignoring the interaction effects among multiple factors. Second, the sample scope in existing studies is relatively narrow, often limited to specific regions or countries, and lacks comprehensive regional comparative analysis. In addition, previous studies often do not fully consider the moderating effect of carbon emission intensity on the influencing factors. Based on the above deficiencies, this study aims to build a regression model by analyzing panel data of central municipalities and provinces including Heilongjiang, Shandong and Beijing over the past three years, and construct an interaction model based on the interaction term. The empirical results show that effective sunshine hours, average feed-in tariff and annual electricity consumption are the main factors affecting the grid-connected capacity of distributed PV with a positive effect. The regional heterogeneity analysis also finds that carbon emission intensity enhances the impact of each factor on distributed PV grid-connected capacity. The regulation effect analysis confirms that the average feed-in tariff and annual electricity consumption have a regulation effect. With the results of this study, we fill the knowledge gaps left by previous studies and provide a new perspective to explore the influencing factors of distributed PV. A deeper understanding of the impact of these factors on distributed PV capacity helps us to better understand and optimize the potential of PV generation. In addition, our findings provide policy makers with recommendations and guidance on how to promote distributed PV generation, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of the clean energy sector.

Multidimensional energy poverty and its urban-rural and regional disparities: Evidence from China

This study develops a conceptual framework of multidimensional energy poverty by using a multidimensional poverty index that considers energy accessibility, affordability, and service availability. The index is then utilized to evaluate the extent, depth, and intensity of multidimensional energy poverty (MEP) in China. Specifically, this study aims to identify factors that contribute to the urban-rural and regional MEP disparities in China. The results reveal that (1) MEP is widespread in China; (2) Rural areas experience 2.5 times more MEP compared to urban areas, while inland regions have 1.5 times higher MEP rates than coastal regions; and (3) these disparities are primarily caused by low-income levels, lack of non-agricultural employment opportunities, and educational attainment. Therefore, policies targeting low-income, unemployed, and less-educated individuals are necessary to address this issue. In addition, promoting urbanization and eliminating the household registration system are crucial steps to address MEP disparities in China. Furthermore, improving energy infrastructure and increasing knowledge dissemination can also help reduce reliance on traditional energy sources.

Energy abundance, the geographical distribution of manufacturing, and international trade

AbstractOne of the main challenges of the current energy transition is how countries can deliver a low-carbon future while at the same time ensuring they can meet an ever growing demand for energy. This paper investigates how the spatial distribution of endowments of energy resources influences the location of firms and their subsequent exports. Employing a pseudo-endowment approach, we measure energy abundance using province-sector-year input data for Chinese provinces from 2006 to 2010. Our results suggest that energy abundance has a positive and significant impact on the location of industrial production, especially for energy intensive sectors. Nonetheless, the impact of energy abundance on trade flows is much smaller than on production shares, in terms of both the magnitude and significance. Further analysis explores how an uneven distribution of new coal mines, fuel prices, and policy-driven shocks affect the location of production and trade. Our study contributes to understanding the economic consequences of the energy transition, particularly regarding the phase-out of traditional energy sources such as coal and its impact on firm location and trade flows.

Towards Energy Efficient Cloud: A Green and Intelligent Migration of Traditional Energy Sources

Geographically distributed cloud data centers (DCs) consume enormous amounts of energy to meet the ever-increasing processing and storage demands of users. The brown energy generated using fossil fuels is expensive and significantly contributes to global warming. Considering the environmental impact caused by the high carbon emissions and relatively high energy cost of brown energy, we propose the integration of renewable energy sources (RES), especially solar and wind energy, with brown energy to power cloud data centers. In our earlier study, we addressed the intermittency of renewable energy sources, where we replaced the random initialization of artificial neural network (ANN) edge weights with the harmony search algorithm (HSA)-optimized assignment of weights. This study incorporated reliably forecast solar and wind energy into the input parameters of our proposed green energy manager (GEM), for cost minimization, carbon emission minimization, and better energy management of cloud DCs, to make our current study more reliable and trustworthy. Four power sources, on-site solar energy and wind energy, off-site solar energy and wind energy, energy stored in energy storage devices, and brown energy, were considered in this study and simulations were carried out for three different cases. The simulation results showed that case 1 (all brown) was 58% more expensive and caused 71% higher carbon emissions than case 2.1 (cost minimization). Case 1 (all brown) was 39% more expensive and had 80% higher carbon emissions than case 2.2 (carbon emission minimization). The simulation results justify the necessity and importance of the GEM, and finally the results proved that our proposed GEM is less expensive and more environmentally friendly.

Investigating the determinants of household energy consumption in Nigeria: insights and implications

BackgroundThe present study draws motivation from the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and explores the nexus between access to modern cooking energy sources, responsible energy consumption, climate change mitigation, and economic growth. Using 2018 demographic and health survey data, the study examines the influence of key socioeconomic and demographic factors on household choice of cooking energy in Nigeria.ResultsThe empirical results show that traditional energy sources are dominant among Nigerian households (74.24%) compared to modern energy sources (25.76%). Regarding energy demographics, male-headed households show more usage of modern energy sources (19.86%) compared to female-headed households (5.90%). Regional analysis reveals that the northwest region predominantly uses traditional energy sources (18.60% of the share of total traditional energy sources), while the southwest region shows the greatest usage of modern energy sources (10.52% of the share of total modern energy sources). Binary logistic regression analysis reveals the positive and statistically significant influence of wealth index, education, and geopolitical region on the likelihood of utilizing modern energy sources. Conversely, household size and place of residence indicate an inverse relationship with the likelihood of adopting modern energy sources.ConclusionsThese findings have important policy implications for energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, and improving the quality of life in Nigeria, which is currently plagued with significant energy poverty, especially in rural communities.

Response of hydrogen charging diffusion of the austenitic stainless steel AISI 310s

The subject of hydrogen embrittlement seems to be more and more up-to-date and needed to be explored. World research teams working on this issue have not developed a clear method of preventing this process. The conclusion is that this issue should be approached individually, depending on the type of material, its structure and operating conditions. The problem will escalate in the near future as a result of the planned replacement of the traditional energy sources used so far with hydrogen energy. The paper presents the method of electrochemical hydrogenation, which reflects the conditions of galvanic coating of metallic materials used in the automotive industry. The aim of the research was to determine the influence of the time of hydrogenation on the properties and microstructure of austenitic steel.

Econometric Analysis of the Influence of Factors on the Share of Energy From Renewable Sources in the EU

The use of renewable energy is at the core of EU energy policy, reducing dependence on fossil fuels imported from non-EU countries, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and decoupling energy costs from oil prices. Currently, 22.5% of energy consumed in the EU comes from renewable sources. This increase over 2021 is due to strong growth in solar energy. This share is also increasing due to the consumption of non-renewable energy sources in 2022. According to expert forecasts, the share of renewable energy sources in Europe will continue to grow. Achieving the 42.5% target by 2030 will require a deep transformation of the European energy system. The very strong climate and energy policies pursued in the EU for about a dozen years and aimed at limiting emissions of harmful substances into the environment have led to a gradual abandonment of traditional energy sources. Increasing demand for energy while reducing its supply from traditional sources means that in order not to make the economy too dependent on energy imports, the dynamic development of renewable energy is necessary. The EU is therefore taking very extensive operational and strategic actions to use other sources for production, such as wind, solar energy, mechanical water energy, biomass and geothermal energy, as well as tidal waves, ocean heat, wave energy and sea currents. In this study, we assess the impact of energy, economic and environmental factors on the share of renewable energy in the EU. The aim of these studies was to identify the energy, economic and environmental indicators that have the greatest impact on the share of energy from renewable sources in the European Union. The study was conducted using the Statgraphics Centurion software package. The source data for the study was data from the official Eurostat website for the period from 2012 to 2022. The results of this study show that changes in gross domestic product in market prices per capita have a positive impact, as do changes in greenhouse gas emissions per capita negatively affect the share of energy from renewable sources in the EU in the period 2012-2022. This may most likely be due to the fact that EU countries are more likely to invest in renewable energy as they can afford to invest in the development of expensive renewable energy technologies and support subsidies for the promotion and regulation of renewable energy. The negative impact of per capita greenhouse gas emissions on renewable energy development is due to the high share of coal in the EU energy mix, meaning that coal not only has negative environmental impacts, but also negative environmental impacts. development of renewable energy.

Improving Solar Panel Efficiency with Automated Dust Removal

The rapid growth of the global population has led to raise in energy consumption, resulting in a higher demand for energy production. This production is classified into two categories, conventional and non-conventional sources. Conventional sources of energy release a large amount greenhouse gas, which have detrimental effects on the environment. To combat these negative effects, it is crucial to transition towards non-conventional, renewable energy sources. Conventional energy is more sustainable and clean option compared to fossil fuels. Utilizing technology such as photovoltaic cells can greatly lessen our reliance on traditional energy sources. One challenge that renewable energy faces is the deposition of dust on solar panels, which can decrease their efficiency. Various coatings can be applied to prevent dust buildup, but they do not completely eliminate the issue. This study aims to investigate that how much effectively using an automated mechanical vibrator with a water injector to remove dust and debris from solar panels in which the efficiency of the panel is increased from 18% to 20 %. By improving the maintenance of solar panels, we can increase their efficiency and overall performance in generating renewable energy.

Enhancing Kurdistan's manufacturing companies' sustainable waste management: A norm activation approach to green accounting, CSR, and environmental auditing oversight

The significance of accurate energy production prediction cannot be overstated, especially in the context of achieving carbon neutrality and balancing traditional and clean energy sources. Unlike conventional models with simplified assumptions or limited data inputs hindering energy usage optimization, waste reduction and efficient resource allocation, we introduced a novel structural equation modelling approach to eight manufacturing industries' sustainable waste management practices (SWMPs) in Iraq. This comprehensive analysis, conducted with Smart PLS software on 375 responses aims to enhance energy production predictions’ accuracy and support sustainability goals contribute to achieving carbon neutrality goals and promote a balanced energy mix that supports sustainability and environmental stewardship. The findings reveal noteworthy insights: notably, chemical manufacturing companies exhibit a substantial advantage from green accounting practices, witnessing a 78.1 % and 45.8 % improvement in environmental auditing oversight and SWMPs, respectively, compared to other manufacturing sectors. Compared to conventional grey models, our model demonstrates that a 1-unit improvement in CSR enhances environmental auditing oversight effectiveness by 33.4 % and sustainable waste management by 56.9 % across industries. By leveraging these data-driven insights and innovative approaches, we can drive positive change towards a more sustainable and resilient energy future, collectively contributing to a more resilient, efficient, and sustainable energy ecosystem that benefits societies, economies, and the environment. The heightened accuracy of energy production prediction facilitated by our novel model empowers stakeholders at regional and global levels to make informed decisions, mitigate risks, support policy development, achieve sustainability goals, formulate effective policies and foster collaboration.

A generation expansion planning method considering conditional value-at-risk

Abstract The uncertainty of load forecasting can lead to certain risks in generation expansion planning. Different from the traditional large-capacity unit planning in the past, renewable energy has the characteristics of small single-machine capacity and fast construction speed, etc. The uncertainty of load forecasting will have a more significant impact on the results of generation expansion planning including renewable energy. For this reason, this paper proposes a generation expansion planning idea considering load forecast uncertainty based on conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). Firstly, scenario technology is used to simulate the uncertainty, and CVaR is introduced to quantify the risk of generation expansion planning. Then, considering the coordinated development of traditional and renewable energy sources, a generation expansion planning model that considers risk is established to minimize the total costs. Finally, the effectiveness of the model was verified through a case study, and this model has reference significance for balancing the economy and reliability in generation expansion planning.

Biodegradation of Cellulosic Wastes and Deinking of Colored Paper with Isolated Novel Cellulolytic Bacteria

Biofuels are the cheapest source of energy, and the continuous decline of traditional sources of energy with the increasing population leads to looking for alternatives to reduce the consumption of traditional sources of energy. Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic wastes and cellulosic wastes is not a new approach for fuel production but a cheap and accessible way for the production of fuel. Bacillus is one of the major species that can act as a source of diversified enzymes. In this study, it was emphasized on screening and isolation of a novel, characterization, and best catalytic action on both celluloses and proteins in the presence of different carbon and nitrogen sources. It was observed the effective catalytic breakdown of cellulose with the crude enzyme to glucose allowed fur for fermentation with Saccharomyces, ultimately leading to the generation of alcohol. The study aims to isolate the microbes that can produce cellulases and enzymes and could be used for biodegradation to produce ethanol in the reaction. The maximum enzyme activity was achieved at 3.112 UI with optimized pH and temperature, and the maximum conversion of sugars into alcohol was about 70% in the newspaper, cartons, colored paper, and disposable paper cups. An essential observation was the decolorization of the origami craft paper within 24 hours. The study was involved in enhancing the maximum Enzyme activity of cellulases from different cellulosic raw materials. Hence, it was achieved by JCB strain, optimization of pH, temperature, and acids for the biodegradation. The presence of peaks at 3200 and 2900 was a confirmation of ethanol bonds in the biodegradation reaction mixtures.

The effectiveness of a hybrid MPPT controller based on an artificial neural network and fuzzy logic in low-light conditions

Technological advancement and economic progress have made power consumption a big issue. Concern is growing as traditional energy sources dwindle. In the future, numerous fossil fuels will be insufficient to satisfy human requirements. This motivates research into the feasibility of using renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources offer a multitude of advantages, including their cost-effectiveness, lack of environmental impact, and sustainable nature. Sunlight is currently the most prevalent source of energy because it is both free and readily accessible. Consequently, photovoltaic (PV) energy is gaining importance in the field of electricity generation. Tracking the maximum power point (MPP) in a solar PV system is challenging due to varying meteorological conditions (irradiance and temperature). To maximise the efficiency of a solar power installation, it is essential to monitor the PV array's optimum power point. This analysis compares the perturb and observe (PO), fuzzy logic (FL), and suggested artificial neural network (ANN)-fuzzy strategy for determining the MPP of a PV system with minimal radiation exposure. Simulation results show that at low irradiation levels, the proposed ANN-fuzzy maximum power point tracking (MPPT) unit controller is superior to the FL and PO MPPT controllers in terms of tracking maximum power.

Designing a 10 MW peak solar power plant using a system advisor model (SAM software). Case study: Somalia, Mogadishu Region

Globally, there has been a sharp increase in energy needs due to industrialization and technological advancement. The wisest course of action is to switch from traditional energy sources to renewable energy sources, or ecologically friendly types of energy. Solar energy is one of the most abundant and widely accessible renewable energy sources. Photovoltaic (PV) systems using solar energy to generate electricity are weather-dependent. With the data available in the System Advisory Model (SAM), the Mogadishu region of Somalia can produce about 10 MW peak solar PV system design, which will be helpful to reach the country's target of total installed solar energy capacity by 2025. The SAM was used in this paper to design (system technical design and financial analysis) the small, medium, and large PV systems for the different countries. A 6% annual growth in producing capacity is the ultimate objective of the Somali National Development Plan (NDP). The nation's production capacity increased from 115 MW to 344 MW between June 2021 and June 2015. The target of the NDP is to raise generating capacity to 1043 MW between 2022 and 2027. It is intended to raise the electrification rate to 75% from its present 36% level. 41 MW of solar and 1 MW of wind power are Somalia's total installed capacity for renewable energy (RE). There are 3,000 hours of sunshine each year in the nation, and daily solar radiation levels range from 5 to 7 kWh/m2. Somalia has 41 MW of installed solar capacity and uses it nationwide. A solar photovoltaic system in Somalia attained a performance ratio of 70.8%. By 2030, the UN wants to run all of its operations with 80 percent renewable energy.

Water-Energy Nexus: Optimizing Water Use in Energy Production

The water-energy nexus represents a critical interdependence between water resources and energy production, highlighting the need for sustainable management strategies. This abstract explores the optimization of water use in energy production, focusing on the key challenges, solutions, and potential benefits of integrating water and energy systems efficiently. Challenges arise from the significant water requirements of traditional energy sources such as thin able practices. Various strategies can enhance water efficiency in energy production, including technological advancements like dry cooling systems for power plants, water recycling and reuse techniques, and the development of water-saving renewable energy technologies like solar and wind power. These approaches aim to minimize water consumption, reduce pollution, and enhance overall resource resilience thermal power plants and hydropower, leading to water scarcity concerns and environmental impacts. Climate change further exacerbates these challenges, emphasizing the urgency of adopting just a Moreover, optimization techniques such as mathematical modeling, data analytics, and decision support systems play a crucial role in managing water resources effectively within the energy sector. These tools facilitate real-time monitoring, predictive analysis, and adaptive management, enabling informed decision-making and resource allocation. The benefits of optimizing water use in energy production are multifaceted.

Environmental impacts of the economy, tourism, and energy consumption in Kuwait

In emerging economies like Kuwait, tourism funds national development and sustains local livelihoods. The rapid rise of tourism in several nations may have serious environmental effects due to increased energy usage that increases carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and worsening global warming. Due to climate change's growing effects on the environment, several efforts have been made by numerous countries worldwide to achieve carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability. Moreover, effective energy production prediction is crucial to establish an equilibrium between traditional and clean energy sources. However, there is a research gap investigating the environmental impacts of tourism within the framework of energy-economy-environment nexus in Kuwait's context that propelled the development of this pioneering investigation. The present study's objective is to determine how economic growth, energy consumption, and tourism affect carbon emissions in Kuwait. This study analyzes Kuwait's time series data from 1995 to 2019 by using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method that analyzed the components' relationships, allowing for long-term and short-term dynamics. The results show that increasing economic growth, energy consumption, and tourist arrivals increase CO2 emissions in Kuwait. This article proposes policies to achieve carbon neutrality in Kuwait by expanding renewable energy use and promoting sustainable tourism to boost the economy.

Geospatial analysis of hydrogen production from biogas derived from residual biomass in the dairy cattle and porcine subsectors in Antioquia, Colombia

The specialized dairy cattle and porcine subsectors in the Region of Antioquia offer a sustainable and renewable energy source through anaerobic digestion of residual biomass. This process offers multiple advantages, including greenhouse gas emissions reduction, environmentally friendly fertilizer production, and the establishment of self-sustaining models for remote rural areas lacking access to traditional energy sources. Recent advancements in hydrogen production through methane conversion using biogas reforming technologies have garnered substantial attention as a viable fossil fuel alternative. The Colombian National Hydrogen Strategy, aimed at 2030, envisions an electrolysis capacity of 1–3 GW, requiring an estimated USD 5.5 billion investment in hydrogen production and demand projects, notably in mobility and refineries. This necessitates a specialized regulatory framework with incentives to drive lasting investments that align with decarbonization and reindustrialization objectives. This study conducted a comprehensive assessment of animal house boundary residual biomass sources to determine their biogas potential. Industrial livestock activities revealed substantial technical-energy potentials: 1,896 TJ/year for pig farming and 187 TJ/year for dairy cattle practices. The research’s primary objective was a geospatial analysis pinpointing hotspots for biogas production from residual biomass within the dairy cattle and porcine subsectors in the specific region of Antioquia, in Colombia. This research is of great interest as it contributes to the growing field of sustainable energy production. It highlights the potential of utilizing residual biomass to transform local energy landscapes in alignment with global sustainability imperatives.

Effect of harvesting time on biomass and combustion quality of Miscanthus lutarioriparius in Dongting lake area

Biomass energy, recognized for its potential to supplant traditional energy sources, finds a promising alternative in Miscanthus. Particularly, M. lutarioriparius, a species within the Miscanthus genus, stands out as the most suitable for application. This study focuses on the impact of harvest timing on the biomass and combustion quality of M. lutarioriparius in the coastal wetlands of Dongting Lake, Hunan. A comprehensive field experiment was conducted in this area. The findings reveal several key trends: Firstly, the biomass yield of M. lutarioriparius decreased from 18.42 tons per hectare to 11.25 tons per hectare with the delayed harvest. there is a notable increase in the stem-to-leaf ratio of M. lutarioriparius, primarily attributed to leaf shedding. Secondly, the water content had dropped to 22.33% by the time of harvest in February of the following year. Ash content decreased from 4.55% to 2.17% from October to February of the following year. The calorific value, cellulose and lignin content increased with delayed harvest, while hemicellulose content decreased. Notably, the calorific value exhibits a significant positive correlation with cellulose and lignin content, and a markedly negative correlation with hemicellulose. Thirdly, most mineral elements in the plant demonstrate a significant decrease with delayed harvesting, except for potassium (K) and calcium (Ca), which initially increase and then decrease. The ash content shows a positive correlation with the contents of potassium (K) and silicon (Si). Despite a reduction in biomass yield due to delayed harvesting, combustion quality significantly improves. Therefore, it is concluded that optimal fuel quality is achieved when M. lutarioriparius is harvested in February of the following year.

Novel approach to remote rural heating: Direct coupled photovoltaic electric heater underfloor heating system with phase change materials

Limited access to grids and the unavailability of traditional energy sources present significant challenges to effective heating in remote rural. This paper proposes a direct coupled photovoltaic electric heater underfloor heating system with phase change materials (direct coupled PVEH-UFHs), which eliminates the reliance on the power grid or conventional energy sources for heating in remote areas. The model of the direct coupled photovoltaic electric heating system (direct coupled PVEHs) and the building model with PCM floor were created and the accuracy of the direct coupled PVEHs model was verified experimentally. The study proposes using the total heating achievement rate (THAR) as the evaluation index and identifies the critical parameters affecting the system performance through sensitivity analysis. The results indicate that the photovoltaic capacity factor (PVCF), PCMs thickness and melting temperature are the key parameters affecting the heating performance of the system. The recommended 1.4 PVCF and PCM melting temperature of 294 K. The minimum payback time for system configuration that achieves 90 % THAR is 16.2 years. In summary, this paper proposes a design method and evaluation criteria for direct coupled PVEH-UFHs suitable for energy-efficient heating in remote areas.

The Macroeconomic Role of New Energy Sources in the Transition of Global Energy Structure

This paper looks into the changing world scene of energy with respect to shifts from traditional to new energy sources. When the trends are examined against the backdrop of rapid industrialization, technological breakthroughs, and globalization, it is noticeable that traditional energy sources have major environmental impacts, including greenhouse gas pollution and various health risks. The study demonstrates that new and renewable energy options such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power could play a leading role in reducing climate change effects and improving air and water quality. The discussion on the macroeconomic influences of these new energy sources, particularly on power generation and the automotive sector, can be seen as having transformative potential in supporting sustainable development objectives. Although the article acknowledges the growth in this sector, it also pinpoints impediments that hinder the new energy technologies, including technological youthfulness, limited infrastructure, and intermittent supply of energy. The strategy recommended as a whole consists of enhanced investment in research and development; a joined approach of politics; edification programs; and public promotion with an aim to solve these difficulties and to hasten the process of global transition into a sustainable energy sphere. The study indicates that while environmental concerns should be balanced against economic development and societal benefits when shaping future global energy systems.

The impact of coal to nuclear on regional energy system

With increasing global concern about climate change, many countries are actively seeking alternatives to traditional high-carbon energy sources. This study aims to explore the impact of repurposing coal-fired power plants to nuclear power plants (C2N) to regional energy system. The energy system in Guangdong Province in China is selected as an example. The impact of C2N on the energy system of Guangdong province is analyzed through three different hypothetical scenarios. Sensitivity analysis of the installed capacity of various clean energy sources in Guangdong Province is conducted to explore the optimal development range of installed capacity for clean energy sources in the energy system by 2030. The results show that the energy system of Guangdong Province can achieve near self-sufficiency in 2060 in certain scenarios. An increase in the installed capacity of nuclear power can reduce fuel consumption, overall costs, and carbon dioxide emissions effectively. C2N is significant in reducing carbon emissions, providing reliable power supply, and promoting sustainable development.