Traditional Medicine For Treatment Research Articles

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A survey was conducted in the central region of Burkina Faso to find out about women's menopause-related disorders and their treatment in traditional medicine. Fifty-six (56) species have been identified to treat different symptoms such as hot flashes, insomnia, nausea, joint and muscle pain, itching, lower abdominal pain, edema, mood disorders, vertigo. Leaves and stem bark were the most recommended in the preparation of recipes, at 43 and 39% respectively. The majority of the species (60.72%) was local food plants with a high use value (UVs ≥ 0.50). Many chemical groups including alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, anthraquinones, carotenoids, anthracenosides, phenolic acids, coumarins, capable of reducing or eliminating these different symptoms exist in these plants. Also, the presence of several mineral elements such as Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Sodium (Na), Aluminum (Al), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Iodine (I), Vitamins A, B, C, F, K, P, E, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fibers, resins and gum show the importance of these plants in human nutrition. These local plants are therefore potential sources for the development of new natural nutraceuticals in the management of menopausal period in women. Key words: Menopause, medicinal plants, nutrients, phytoestrogens. &nbsp

Phytochemical Screening of Leaf Extracts of Eleven selected Tropical Plants Species from Eastern and Southern Nigeria

The pyhtochemical constituents of butanol and acid leaf extracts of eleven (11) plant species from three different families (Annonaceae, Apocynaceae and Euphorbiaceae) obtained from various locations in eastern and southern Nigeria were made following standard techniques. Results obtained show that the leaf extracts contain alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins. This paper provides evidence that alcoholic and acid leaf extract of the selected plant species studied contains medicinally important metabolites that justifies their usage as traditional medicine for treatment of various ailments.Keywords: Tropical plants, Phytochemicals, Ethno-medicine, Extracts

Hypoglycemic effects of aqueous extract of Salvia mirzayanii Rech. F& Esfand in diabetic patients; a randomized controlled trial study

Introduction: Medicinal plants are used in diabetes treatment. Salvia mirzayanii Rech. F& Esfand was used for diabetes treatment in Iranian traditional medicine. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate the antidiabetic effects of aqueous extract of S. mirzayanii in diabetic patients. Patients and Methods: In the present randomized controlled trial study, the patients were divided into trial (n=27) and control (n=25) groups. The trial group received daily one capsule containing 450 mg of aqueous extract of Salvia mirzayanii; the control group received daily one capsule containing 450 mg of caramelized flour and 5% aqueous extract of S. mirzayanii. Fasting blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study and after 3 months, fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1 C, insulin, HOMAIR index, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lipid profile were evaluated. Results: Types of used drugs, gender, age, and body mass index (BMI) were not significantly different between trial and control groups before treatment. Additionally, after treatment, BMI did not significantly change between these two mentioned groups. The results showed that FBS and HbA1 C levels did not change significantly in the trial group after treatment; however, in this group, insulin secretion was increased significantly (P=0.015). Nevertheless; after treatment, HOMA-IR index did not significantly change between the two mentioned groups. In the trial group, after treatment, liver enzymes (ALT and AST) levels did not change significantly. After the treatment, LDL-C was changed in the trial group. Conclusion: The herbal drug used in the present study enhanced insulin secretion, and improved LDL-C level in diabetic patients.

The necessity to develop a national classification system for Iranian traditional medicine.

Classification of disease and interventions in traditional medicine (TM) is necessary for standardised coding of information. Currently, in Iran, there is no standard electronic classification system for disease and interventions in TM. The current study aimed to develop a national framework for the classification of disease and intervention in Persian medicine based on expert opinion. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 2018. The existing systems for the classification of disease and interventions in TM were reviewed in detail, and some of the structural and content characteristics were extracted for the development of the classification of Iranian traditional medicine. Based on these features, a self-administered questionnaire was developed. Study participants (25) were experts in the field of Persian medicine and health information management in Tehran medical universities. Main axes for the classification of disease and interventions were determined. The most important applications of the classification system were related to clinical coding, policymaking, reporting of mortality and morbidity data, cost analysis and determining the quality indicators. Half of the participants (50%) stated that the classification system should be designed by maintaining the main axis of the World Health Organization classification system and changing the subgroups if necessary. A computer-assisted coding system for TM was proposed for the current study. Development of this classification system will provide nationally comparable data that can be widely used by governments, national organisations and academic researchers.

Use of traditional medicines in treatment of malaria among pregnant women in two urban slums in Enugu State, Nigeria

Malaria in pregnancy can lead to malaria-related anaemia, a condition that when left untreated, can result in death, especially among vulnerable populations such as pregnant women. Malaria can lead to severe anaemia and maternal and foetal death. This study aimed at exploring the perception and use of traditional medicine in the treatment of malaria among pregnant women in Ngenevu and Udi siding communities. A descriptive cross-sectional survey method was adopted for the study. Study population was 93 pregnant women purposively selected from two urban slums of Ngenevu and Udi siding, Enugu state. Structured questionnaire with reliability coefficient of 0.75 was used for data collection. Health Research Ethics Committee of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu approved the study. Data collection was on the spot and was analysed with SPSS/IBM version 23. Inferential statistics was used to test the significance of income and educational level in determining the use of traditional medicine among pregnant women at p<0.05 level of significance. Majority (93.5%) of pregnant women in Udi siding and Ngenevu used traditional medicine to treat malaria. More than half (87.1%) perceived traditional medicine used in treating malaria as effective. Of the 32 women who reported to have experienced side effects, 81.3% had nausea and vomiting of which 57.7% and 42.3% are from Udi Siding and Ngenevu respectively. There was a significant relationship between income and level of education and use of traditional medicine in treatment of malaria in pregnancy (p<0.05). Pregnant women in the two urban slums utilized traditional medicine in treating malaria. Efforts should be intensified to discourage and reduce to the barest minimum the use of traditional medicines in treating malaria in pregnancy. This will help in stemming the tide of maternal and child mortality and morbidity in these urban slums.

IDENTIFIKASI ISOLAT KULIT BATANG WARU (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROSKOPI INFRAMERAH

Waru (Hibiscustiliaceus L.) bark is a plant that is believed and used by community as a traditional medicine in treatment, especiallytotreat fever. This study aims to analyze the level of a secondary metabolite compound in the bark of waru (Hibiscustiliaceus L.) plant calculated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and infrared methods. The method used to identify the flavonoid content is Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) using eluent n-hexane and ethyl acetate at the best comparison (7:3). The result obtained from this study is waru bark extract containing flavonoid compound which is shown from the Rf value of the waru bark methanol extract of 0.82, which the value is close to the Rf value of quarcetine 0.83. Analysis of the flavonoid content of waru bark methanol extract has carried out on The Spectrophotometric UV-Vis at a wavelength of 382 nm and the total flavonoid content obtained is of 10 mg of waru bark methanol extract containing135.2166g/mL flavonoid compound with percentage of 13.521% and on the Spetroscopy Infrared, based on the obtained peak shows the existence of functional groups of OH, CH aliphatic, C=C aromatic and C-O indicates that this isolat is a flavonoid compound.

CULTURALLY DRIVEN MENTAL HEALTH CARE IN HMONG AND CAMBODIAN REFUGEE POPULATIONS

CULTURALLY DRIVEN MENTAL HEALTH CARE IN HMONG AND CAMBODIAN REFUGEE POPULATIONS

Chemical profiling and anticoagulant activity of Ginkgo Biloba leaves under the influence of harvesting time

Gingko biloba, family Gink, is used as a source of food and in traditional medicine for treatment of cough and promoting blood circulation, etc. The aim of the present work is to determine the chemical variation of G. biloba leaves collected from different harvesting time and in vitro anti-platelet aggregation effects, respectively. Methanol extract of G. biloba leaves was subjected to ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry analysis and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The anti-platelet aggregation effects induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was measured by Born’s method. UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acid and terpene lactones in different sample. Partial least square discriminant analysis based on chemical profiling conducted to differentiate the samples according to their harvest time. All samples found highly effective against PAF-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 of 98.87 μg/mL (summer sample) and 51.55 μg/mL (autumn sample). However, on ADP-induced platelet aggregation, IC50 of these samples were greater than 200 μg/mL. Both total contents of flavonoids and terpene lactones in autumn sample were greater than that in summer sample. Qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that the distribution of chemicals was variation in different harvesting time.

Identification of Phytochemical Constituents within the rhizome extract of Costusspeciosus (koen) using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis and In vitro Anti Diabetic Activity

Costusspeciosus(koen) is widely used in traditional medicine for treatment of cancer and diabetic activity. Both its leaves were reported to possess antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The rhizomes of Costusspeciosus(koen) were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol by cold maceration extraction procedure and the resultant extract was subjected to phytochemical analyses using GC-MS technique. Three compounds with known biological activities were detected and identified based on GC-MS data as Costunolide. The findings of the study support the usage of Costusspeciosus(koen) in traditional medicinal as most of the identified compounds are known to possess biological activities. The various kinds of phytochemicals were detected and then in vitro antidiabetic activity of Costusspeciosus(koen) methanol extract was detected by using alpha amy¬lase and alpha glucosidase enzyme in an in vitro model. The study reveals the presence of phytochemicals such as carbohydrate, tannin, flavonoids, phenols etc., Among the various extracts the methanol extract which contains the large number of phytoconstituents. The Costusspeciosus(koen) methanol extract has been successfully inhibited both the enzymes in an in vitro model. The methanol extract of Costusspeciosus(koen) inhibited the alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzymes as 65.34% and 58.48% respectively. From the result obtained in the current studies, the Costusspeciosus(koen) extract have a prominent antidiabetic property in an in vitro model.

Studies on Qualitative and Quantitative Estimation of Primary and Secondary Metabolites in Various Solvents Extracts of <i>Aegle marmelos</i>

The present study was an attempt to analyze the qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemical in different solvents extracts of A. marmelos. Primary metabolites like total soluble carbohydrates, proteins and secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, total phenols, and tannins were estimated using standard protocols. The qualitative and quantitative analysis is very essential for identifying and quantifying the compounds present in the medicinal plants. The results obtained from the present study provides evidence that various solvent extracts of A. marmelos leaves contains different types of primary and secondary metabolites which are having highly medicinal values and this justifies that the use of plant species as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases. The finding of this study suggests that this plant leaves could be a potential source of natural medicine that could have great importance as therapeutic agents in preventing various diseases. The results are very much encouraging but scientific validation is necessary before being put in to practice. The present study suggest for future researcher on this plant that further Isolation, purification, characterization, structural elucidation and evaluation of a specific biological activity and preclinical and clinical studies of Bioactive compounds of this plant extracts were also necessary to emerge as medicine in the market.

Antiproliferative Effect of Trifolium Pratens L. Extract in Human Breast Cancer Cells

Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer in women worldwide. Tamoxifen is used for the treatment of both early and advanced estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Trifolium pratense L. has been suggested for cancer treatment in traditional medicine. The effect of T. pratense extract on breast cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) was investigated here. The cells were treated with T. pratense extract and cell viability was evaluated using trypan blue staining, MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase activity measurement. Apoptosis, autophagy cell death was detected using fluorescent dye staining. Griess assay was performed to nitric oxide (No) measurement. Change in expression level of some apoptotic and autophagic- related genes was detected using real-time PCR. The combination effect of exteract and tamoxifen was evaluated by calculating the combination index and dose reduction index (DRI) values. T. pratense extract reduced the cell viability in dose and time- dependent manner. Apoptosis and autophagy was increased after treatment with T. pratense extract. Nitric oxide production significantly reduced in cells and combination of tamoxifen and T. pratense extract had a synergistic cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell lines. T. pratense as a dietary supplement can be beneficial for some patients with breast cancer who receive conventional chemotherapy.

Utilization patterns of traditional medicine in Taiwan and South Korea by using national health insurance data in 2011.

BackgroundThe growing popularity of traditional medicine (TM) is reflected in the increasing trend for its use worldwide. Many people are turning to use TM as a complementary or integrative treatment. The aim of this study is to present the first nationwide report describing the use of TM in two countries (South Korea and Taiwan).Materials and methodsTo present the TM utilization patterns between South Korea and Taiwan, we analyzed data from the National Health Insurance cohorts in each country, each of which has approximately one million inhabitants.ResultsIn total, 261,478 (25.5%) of 1,025,340 people in South Korea and 260,529 (26.8%) of 970,866 people in Taiwan used TM services at least once under the National Health Insurance in 2011. Using multivariable logistic regression, TM users in South Korea were significantly more likely to be female, 61–80 years of age and individuals with a high income, and those in Taiwan were significantly more likely to be female, 21–40 years of age and individuals with a middle income. The two countries showed similar utilization patterns in visit seasons. People visited TM clinics more frequently than TM hospitals in both countries. The most common TM treatment in South Korea was acupuncture, whereas in Taiwan, various powdered Chinese herbal preparations were the most commonly used treatment. The most common diseases for people seeking TM services were musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases in South Korea and Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions in Taiwan.ConclusionAccording to the National Health Insurance database, about one fourth of the NHI beneficiaries of South Korea and Taiwan had TM use in 2011. Different TM utilization patterns existed between South Korea and Taiwan, which might be due to the differences in insurance coverage between the two countries.

Традиции народной медицины в мотивах волшебной сказки калмыков

Традиции народной медицины калмыков отражены в фольклоре в разных формах и изученность проблемы разная. Мотивы исцеления и оживления подробно рассмотрены исследователями на материале героического эпоса и богатырских сказок. При этом волшебная сказка калмыков в этом аспекте специально не рассматривалась и впервые рассматривается в данной статье. Источниками выступили как опубликованные тексты сказок, так и не опубликованные, которые хранятся в научном архиве Калмыцкого научного центра РАН.В калмыцких волшебных сказках, также, как и героическом эпосе и богатырских сказках, часто присутствуют мотивы магического воскрешения и исцеления героя. Представители иных миров (как верхнего, так и нижнего) обладают магическими способностями воскрешать и исцелять. Иногда целительство осуществляется хтоническими существами подземного мира помимо их воли.В сказках отражены два основных способа лечения народной медицины: лекарственная и нелекарственная виды терапии. Среди нелекарственных средств можно назвать заговоры как одно из средств исцеления, произнесение которых сопровождалось дополнительными действиями с использованием огня, воды, а также серебра. Лекарственные средства подразделялись в свою очередь на растительные, животные и минеральные.Материалы волшебной сказки дополняют картину традиций народной медицины калмыков, одновременно представляя особенности картины мира традиционной культуры.

Biological properties of phenolic compound extracts in selected Algerian honeys—The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase activities

IntroductionHoney is used in various cultures as a traditional medicine and folkloric treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory activities of 31 Algerian honeys and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of phenolic compounds extracts of these honeys. MethodsThe anti-inflammatory activity of honey was evaluated by the method of inhibition of BSA (Bovin Serum Albumin) heat-induced denaturation. The inhibition of AChE and α-glucosidase by the honey extracts was evaluated by in-vitro methods. ResultsThe highest percentage of inhibition (85.33%) of BSA denaturation was obtained with polyfloral honey (H27). Radical scavenging activity of honey samples against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) varied from 4.41 to 83.93% and from 2.52 to 63.24%, respectively. AChE inhibitory activity is one target to prevent neurodegenerative damage in Alzheimer’s disease. AChE inhibition recorded values from 20.69 to 76.04%. α-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose is preconized for the control of hyperglycemia and prevent diabetes damages. Honey extracts demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. Moreover, the effect of Fabaceæ honey (H19) (IC50 = 52.20 μg/mL) was found to be more potent than acarbose (IC50 = 204.27 μg/mL). Correlations were observed between antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activities, AChE and α-glucosidase inhibitions with total phenolic compounds and flavonoids content in honey samples. ConclusionThis study showed that honey could be exploited as a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent within therapeutic medicine.

PL-018 Effects and safety of exercise combined with medication and diet in treatment of diabetes and comorbidity

PL-018 Effects and safety of exercise combined with medication and diet in treatment of diabetes and comorbidity

The effect of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) infusion on blood glucose, lipid profile and kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial

Introduction: Chamomile is one of the medicinal herbs, frequently used in traditional medicine for treatment of diabetes. Therefore this study aimed to evaluate the effects of chamomile herbal tea on glycemic index, lipid profile and kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 diabetic patients. The intervention group received standard treatment with orally 200 ml/day of chamomile infusion (10 g/100 mL boiling water) twice a day before meals (lunch and dinner) for 4 weeks. The control group only received standard therapy. Results: Consumption of the chamomile infusion was accompanied by a significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) (p= 0.02), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p= 0.04) and creatinine (Cr) (p= 0.03). Within-group comparisons showed there was a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar and 2-h postprandial glucose in the intervention group (p= 0.01), (p= 0.03), respectively. Conclusions: Chamomile has potential desirable effects on serum levels of TC, LDL-C and Cr in patients with type 2 diabetes taking oral hypoglycemic agent.

INVESTIGATION OF MEDICAL TREATMENT WITH TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND DIVERSITY MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE KHMER ETHNIC GROUP IN TRA VINH PROVINCE

Research on medical treatment with traditional medicine and diverse medicinal plants of the Khmer ethnic group in Tra Vinh province was conducted from September 2016 to April 2017. The research used community interviews and field surveys at sites where many Khmer ethnic minority people live (4 districts and1 city of Tra Vinh province). The results show that the number of Khmer people using traditional medicine for treatment is quite high. There are 205 medicinal species which belong to 175 genus, 71 families and 3 divisions, including Pteridophyta, Pinophyta and Magnoliophyta. Magnoliophyta has the largest number of species. The three plant families that have the most diversity of species are Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae. On the live form, the trunk of grass-treesis the dominant group. Flora of medicinal plant for Khmer ethnic group in Tra Vinh province is mostly planted

Population-based comparison of traditional medicine use in adult patients with allergic rhinitis between South Korea and Taiwan

BackgroundAs the number of people seeking to use traditional medicine to treat common diseases is increasing worldwide, the quantity of information that needs to be analyzed is also increasing. Traditional medicine is commonly used in South Korea and Taiwan for treating allergic rhinitis and is covered by the National Health Insurance in both countries. To date, there has been no nationwide comparison of traditional medicine used to treat patients with allergic rhinitis between these two countries. MethodsThis study analyzed the National Health Insurance cohort database in 2011 from South Korea and Taiwan to compare the utilization pattern of traditional medicine in adult patients with allergic rhinitis. ResultsDuring 2011, there were significantly more adult patients with allergic rhinitis using traditional medicine in Taiwan (9898/54,555, 18.1%) than in South Korea (533/11,761, 0.5%). Users of traditional medicine from both countries were more prevalent among women, the younger population aged 20–39 years, and among people who visited traditional medicine clinics more frequently than hospitals. The most common traditional medicine treatment modality for allergic rhinitis was acupuncture in South Korea, while powdered herbal preparations was most commonly used in Taiwan. Xiaoqinglong-tang (Socheongryongtong-tang) was the most commonly used herbal preparation in South Korea, while Xinyi-san (Sinyi-san) was the most commonly prescribed herbal preparation in Taiwan. ConclusionAn analysis of the National Health Insurance database of South Korea and Taiwan revealed different utilization patterns of traditional medicine in adult patients with allergic rhinitis between the two countries. We believe these phenomena are due to the difference in the national healthcare systems in both countries.

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine for the H-hype hypertension

Hypertension with high serum Homocysteine (Hcy) significantly increases the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, which is defined as H-Type Hypertension by Chinese scholars. Plenty of researches have confirmed that high prevalence of H-Type Hypertension in Chinese population is now the big public problem in China. Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)treatment shows the advantages in integral regulation, less side effect, and anti-Hcy effect in hypertension. This paper discussed the prevalence, TCM syndrome and TCM treatment progress in H-Type Hypertension to provide some ideas and references for the intervention of H-Type Hypertension by TCM. Key words: Hypertension; Medicine-pharmacologic literature (TCM); Review

Research progress of traditional chinese medicine in treating premature ejaculation

Premature ejaculation is common male sexual dysfunction, with a high incidence. This article summarized the relevant literature on the treatment of premature ejaculation in the internal treatment of traditional chinese medicine (Syndrome differentiation, Special prescription for specific disease, Chinese patent medicine), external treatment of traditional chinese medicine, acupuncture and massage treatment, integrated traditional and western medicine treatment, Comprehensive treatment and so on. The advantages and disadvantages of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for premature ejaculation were discussed. Key words: Premature ejaculation; Intravaginal ejaculatory latency time; Chinese index of sexual function for premature ejaculation; Review